Dunes International School

Academic Session 2023 - 2024

Chapter 2
Whole Numbers
Diagnostic Test
1. What are natural numbers, odd numbers and even numbers?
2. List the prime numbers from 100 to 150.
3. Successor of largest six digit even number is ___________.
4. Predecessor of smallest six-digit odd number is __________________.
5. 5678 + 6789 = _______________ + 5678
6. 709 + _________ = 709
7. ___________ × 1 = 521
8. 0 ÷ 749 = ____________
9. 406 ÷ 0 = __________
10. Complete the following patterns:
a. 6, 8, 10, 12, ___, ____, ____, ____, ____, ____
If the pattern continues what is the value of 10th term.

b. Which rule describes the pattern shown?

41, 54, 67, 80, 93, 106

c. The first day of Alex's trip was a Monday.

What was the day of the week on the 39th day of his trip?

Homework:

Solve Exercise 2.1 in the text book itself.

Question 1.

Write the next three natural numbers after 10999.

Solution: The next three natural numbers after 10999 are 11000, 11001

and 11002.

Question 2.

Write three whole numbers occurring just before 10001.

Solution:
10001 – 1 = 10000

10000 – 1 = 9999

9999 – 1 = 9998

Hence, three whole numbers just before 10001 are 10000, 9999 and

9998.

Question 3

Which is the smallest whole number?

Solution: 0 is the smallest whole number.

Question 4.

How many whole numbers are there between 32 and 53?

Solution:

The number of whole numbers between 32 and 53 are (53-32) – 1 = 20

The whole numbers between 32 and 53 are 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39,

40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52.

Question 5

Write the successor of:

(a) 2440701

(b) 100199

(c) 1099999

(d) 2345670

Solution:

(a) Successor of 244070 is 244070 + 1 = 244071

Hence, successor of 244070 is 244071.

(b) Successor of 100199 is 100199 + 1 = 100200

Hence, successor of 100199 is 100200.

(c) Successor of 1099999 is 1099999 + 1 = 1100000

Hence, successor of 1099999 is 1100000.

Question 6

Write the predecessor of:

(a) 94

(b) 10000
(c) 208090

(d) 7654321

Solution:

(a) Predecessor of 94 is 94 – 1 = 93

Hence, predecessor of 94 is 93.

(b) Predecessor of 1000 is 10000 – 1 = 9999

Hence, predecessor of 10000 is 9999.

(c) Predecessor of 208090 is 208090 -1 = 208089

Hence, predecessor of 208090 is 208089.

(d) Predecessor of 7654321 is 7654321 – 1 = 7654320

Hence, predecessor of 7654321 is 7654320.

Question 7.

In each of the following pairs of numbers, state which whole number is on the left of the other number on
the number line. Also write them with the appropriate sign (>, <) between them

(a) 530, 503

(b) 370, 307

(c) 98765, 56789

(d) 9830415,10023001

Solution:

We know that the smaller number is always on the left side of the greater number on number line.

(a) 530, 503

Clearly 503 is smaller than 530.

Hence, 503 will be on left side of 530 on number line.

Expression: 503 < 530 or 530 > 503

(b) 307 < 370

Clearly 307 is smaller than 370.

Hence, 307 will be on the left side of 370 on number line.

Expression: 307 < 370 or 370 > 307.

(c) 98765, 56789

Clearly 56789 is smaller than 98765.

Hence, 56789 will be on left side of 98765 on number line.

Expression: 56789 < 98765 or 98765 > 56789.

(d) 9830415, 10023001

Clearly, 9830415 is smaller than 10023001

Hence, 9830415 will be on the left side of 10023001 on the number line.

Expression: 9830415 < 10023001 or 10023001 > 9830415.

Question 8.

Which of the following statements are true (T) and which are false (F)?

(a) Zero is the smallest natural number.

(b) 400 is the predecessor of 399.

(c) Zero is the smallest whole number.

(d) 600 is the successor of 599.

(e) All natural numbers are whole numbers.

(f) All whole numbers are natural numbers.

(g) The predecessor of a two-digit number is never a single-digit number.

(h) 1 is the smallest whole number.

(i) The natural number 1 has no predecessor.

(j) The whole number 1 has no predecessor.

(k) The whole number 13 lies between 11 and 12.

(l) The whole number 0 has no predecessor.

(m) The successor of a two-digit number is always a two-digit number.

Solution:

(a) This statement is false (F) as 1 is the smallest natural number

(b) This statement is false (F) as 400 is the successor of 399

(c) This statement is true (T)

(d) This statement is true (T)

(e) This statement is true (T)

(f) This statement is false (F) as 0 is a whole number but not a natural number.

(g) This statement is false (F) as 9 is the single digit which is the predecessor of two digit number.

(h) This statement is false (F) as 0 is the smallest whole number

(i) This statement is true (T)

(J) This statement is false (F) as 0 is the whole number which is the predecessor of 1

(k) This statement is false (F) as 13 comes after 12

(l) This statement is true (T)

(m) This statement is false (F) as the successor of 99 is 100 a three digit.

Properties of Whole numbers:

Associative Property of addition and Multiplication

Exercise 2.2 Textbook page Number 40

1. Find the sum by suitable rearrangement:

(a) 837 + 208 + 363

Given 837 + 208 + 363

= (837 + 363) + 208

= 1200 + 208

= 1408

(b) 1962 + 453 + 1538 + 647

Given 1962 + 453 + 1538 + 647

= (1962 + 1538) + (453 + 647)

= 3500 + 1100

= 4600

2. Find the product by suitable rearrangement:

(a) 2 × 1768 × 50

Given 2 × 1768 × 50 = 2 × 50 × 1768

= 100 × 1768

= 176800

(b) 4 × 166 × 25

Given 4 × 166 × 25 = 4 × 25 × 166

= 100 × 166

= 16600

(c) 8 × 291 × 125

Given 8 × 291 × 125 = 8 × 125 × 291

= 1000 × 291

= 291000

(d) 625 × 279 × 16

Given 625 × 279 × 16 = 625 × 16 × 279

 = 10000 × 279

= 2790000

(e) 285 × 5 × 60

Given 285 × 5 × 60 = 285 × 300

= 85500

(f) 125 × 40 × 8 × 25

Given 125 × 40 × 8 × 25 = 125 × 8 × 40 × 25

= 1000 × 1000

= 1000000

Distributive Property:

Question 3. Find the value of the following:

(а) 297 x 17 + 297 x 3

(b) 54279 x 92 + 8 x 54279

(c) 81265 x 169 – 81265 x 69

(d) 3845 x 5 x 782 + 769 x 25 x 218

Solution:

(a) 297 x 17 x 297 x 3 = 297 x (17 + 3)

= 297 x 20

= 297 x 2 x 10

= 594 x 10

= 5940

(b) 54279 x 92 + 8 x 54279 = 54279 x (92 + 8)

= 54279 x 100

= 5427900

(c) 81265 x 169 – 81265 x 69 = 81265 x (169 – 69)

= 81265 x 100

= 8126500

(d) 3845 x 5 x 782 + 769 x 25 x 218 = 3845 x 5 x 782 + 769 x 5 x 5 x 218

= 3845 x 5 x 782 + (769 x 5) x 5 x 218

= 3845 x 5 x 782 + 3845 x 5 x 218

= 3845 x 5 x 782 + 3845 x 5 x 218

 = 3845 x 5 x (782 + 218)

= 3845 x 5 x 1000

= 19225 x 1000

= 19225000

Question 4. Find the product using suitable properties.

(a) 738 x 103

(b) 854 x 102

(c) 258 x 1008

(d) 1005 x 168

Solution:

(a) 738 x 103

= 738 x (100 + 3)

= 738 x 100 + 738 x 3 [Using distributive property]

= 73800 + 2214

= 76014

(b) 854 x 102

= 854 x (100 + 2)

= 854 x 100 + 854 x 2 [Using distributive property]

= 85400 + 1708

= 87108

(c) 258 x 1008

= 258 x (1000 + 8)

= 258 x 1000 + 258 x 8 [Using distributive property]

= 258000 + 2064

= 260064

(d) 1005 x 168

= (1000 + 5) x 168

= 1000 x 168 + 5 x 168 [Using distributive property]

= 168000 + 840

= 168840
Application of properties of whole numbers

1. A school principal places orders for 85 chairs and 25 tables with a dealer. Each chair and table cost ₹180.

If the principal has given ₹2500 to the dealer as an advance money, then what amount to be given to the

dealer now? Can any whole number property apply here to solve the question.?

Solution:

Cost of a chair = Rs. 180

Cost of a table = Rs. 180

Total cost of 85 chair and 25 tables = 180 x 85 + 180 x 25

= 180 ( 85 + 25) ( by distributive property )

= 180 x 110

= Rs.19800

The amount of money should be given to the dealer = 19800 - 2500 = Rs.17300

Exercise 2.2 Text book page number 40 and 41

5. A taxi driver filled his car petrol tank with 40 litres of petrol on Monday. The next day, he filled the

tank with 50 litres of petrol. If the petrol costs ₹ 44 per litre, how much did he spend in all on petrol?

Quantity of petrol filled on Monday = 40 L

Quantity of petrol filled on Tuesday = 50 L

Total quantity of petrol filled = (40 + 50) L

Cost of petrol per litre = ₹ 44

Total money spent = 44 × (40 + 50)

= 44 × 90

= ₹ 3960

A vendor supplies 32 litres of milk to a hotel in the morning and 68 litres of milk in the evening. If the milk
costs Rs 15 per litre, how much money is due to the vendor per day?

Quantity of milk supplied in the morning by vendor to hotel = 32 l

Quantity of milk supplied in the evening by vendor to hotel = 68 l

Total quantity of milk supplied by vendor in a day = 32 l + 68 l = 100 l

Cost of 1 liter = Rs.15

Cost of 100 liter = 15 x 100 = Rs.1500

Money due to Vendor = Rs.1500

Homework: Textbook exercise 2.1 Page number 241 Q7

Question 7. Match the following:

(i) 425 x 136 = 425 x (6 + 30 + 100) (a) Commutativity under multiplication

(ii) 2 x 49 x 50 = 2 x 50 x 49 (b) Commutativity under addition

(iii) 80 + 2005 + 20 = 80 + 20 + 2005 (c) Distributivity of multiplication over addition

Solution: Hence (i) ↔ (c), (ii) ↔ (a) and (iii) ↔ (b)

Classwork

Exercise 2.3

Question 1.

Which of the following will not represent zero:

(a) 1 + 0 (b) 0 x 0 (c) 02 (d) 10−102

Solution: (a) 1 + 0 = 1 ≠ 0, does not represent zero.

(b) 0 x 0 = 0, represents zero

(c) 02 = 0, represents zero.

(d) 10−102 = 02 = 0 represents zero.

Question 2.

If the product of two whole numbers is zero, can we say that one or both of them will be zero? Justify through
examples.

Solution: Yes, Examples: 5 x 0 = 0 0 x 8 = 0 0 x 0 = 0

Question 3.

If the product of two whole numbers is 1, can we say that one or both of them will be 1? Justify through examples.
Solution: This is only true, when each of the number are 1. 1 x 1 = 1

Question 4.

Find using distributive property:

(а) 728 x 101

(b) 5437 x 1001

(c) 824 x 25

(d) 4275 x 125

(e) 504 x 35

Solution:

(a) 728 x 101 = 728 x (100 + 1) = 728 x 100 + 728 x 1 = 72800 + 728 = 73528

(b) 5437 x 1001 = 5437 x (1000 + 1) = 5437 x 1000 + 5437 x 1 = 5437000 + 5437 = 5442437

(c) 824 x 25 = 824 x (20 + 5) = 824 x 20 + 824 x 5 = 16480 + 4120 = 20600

(d) 4275 x 125 = 4275 x (100 + 20 + 5) = 4275 x 100 + 4275 x 20 + 4275 x 5 = 427500 + 85500 + 21375 = 534375
(e) 504 x 35 = (500 + 4) x 35 = 500 x 35 + 4 x 35 = 17500 + 140 = 17640

Question 5.

Study the pattern:

1 x 8 + 1= 9

12 x 8 + 2 = 98

123 x 8 + 3 = 987

1234 x 8 + 4 = 9876

12345 x 8 + 5 = 98765

Write the next two steps. Can you say how the pattern works?

Solution:

Step I: 123456 x 8 + 6 = 987654

Step II: 1234567 x 8 + 7 = 9876543

Working pattern:

(1) x 8 + 1 = 9 (12) x 8 + 2

= (11 + 1) x 8 + 2

= 98 (123) x 8 + 3

= (111 + 11 + 1) x 8 + 3

= 987 (1234) x 8 + 4

= (1111 + 111 + 11 + 1) x 8 + 4

= 9876 (12345) x 8 + 5

= (11111 + 1111 + 111 + 11 + 1) x 8 + 5

= 98765