Study Master Economic and Management Sciences Grade 9 Teacher S Guide
Study Master Economic and Management Sciences Grade 9 Teacher S Guide
Study Master Economic and Management Sciences Grade 9 Teacher S Guide
Management Sciences
CAPS
Grade
9
Grade
11
Teacher’s Guide
Economic and
Management Sciences
Grade 9
Teacher’s Guide
SM_EMS_G9_TG_TP_CAPS_ENG.indd
EMS 9 TG (ENG).indb 1 1 2013/06/05 5:57PM
6/5/13 6:22:30 PM
cambridge university press
www.cup.co.za
ISBN 978-1-107-25678-1
If you want to know more about this book or any other Cambridge University Press publication,
phone us at +27 21 412 7800, fax us at +27 21 419 8418 or send an e-mail to capetown@cambridge.org
1. INTRODUCTION 1
1. Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS) 2
2. Economic and Management Sciences as a subject 2
3. How
Study & Master Economic and Management Sciences
Grade 9 works 4
4. Grade 9 Annual Teaching Plan 7
2. LESSON BY LESSON 13
TERM 1
Topic 1: Looking back, looking ahead 14
Topic 2: Cash Receipts Journal and Cash Payments Journal
(sole trader) 15
Topic 3: Economic systems 26
Formal Assessment Task 1: Assignment (see Section 3)
Topic 4: General Ledger and Trial Balance (sole trader) 34
Topic 5: Circular flow 67
Revision Term 1 73
Controlled Test 1 82
Term 2
Topic 6: Looking back, looking ahead 91
Topic 7: Credit transactions: Debtors (1) 92
Topic 8: Price theory 101
Formal Assessment Task 2: Data response (see Section 3)
Topic 9: Sectors of the economy 111
Revision Term 2 118
Mid-year Examination practice paper: Memo 123
Term 3
Topic 10: Looking back, looking ahead 126
Topic 11: Trade unions 127
Formal Assessment Task 3: Project (see Section 3)
Topic 12: Credit transactions: Debtors (2) 133
Topic 13: Credit transactions: Creditors (1) 158
Topic 14: Functions of a business 164
Term 4
Topic 16: Looking back, looking ahead 199
Topic 17: Transactions: Cash and credit 200
Topic 18: Business plan 240
Revision Term 4 248
End-of-year Examination practice paper: Memo 259
4. RESOURCES 301
1. Actual
end-of-year examination paper and
marking memorandum 302
2. PowerPoint CD 318
3. List of useful reading material and Internet resources 319
4. Glossary for teachers 320
5. Lesson plan template 324
6. S
OURCE DOCUMENTS AND
JOURNAL TEMPLATES 329
7. DOCUMENTS 339
For more information on the CAPS, please see Section 1 of the CAPS
document for Economic and Management Sciences.
2 INTRODUCTION
Overview of content
An overview of the content of Economic and Management Sciences
entails the following:
• the needs and wants of different communities in societies
• the nature, processes and production of goods and services, and
business activities within the different sectors
• financial management, accounting as a tool for management of a
business, and record keeping
• the influence of demand and supply, and pricing
• the flow of money, goods and services between households,
businesses and government, and the rights and responsibilities of
the different role players in the economy
• the way in which to achieve sustainable growth, reduce poverty
and distribute wealth fairly, while still pursuing profitability
• entrepreneurial skills and knowledge needed to manage self and
the environment effectively
• basic aspects of leadership and management
• the role of savings in sustainable economic growth and
development
• trade unions and their influence in the economy
• the importance of using resources sustainably, effectively and
efficiently
• the functioning of both formal and informal businesses.
Time allocation
The teaching time for Economic and Management Sciences is
two hours per week. As this subject involves the development of
accounting skills of learners in Grade 9, one hour per week must be
used for financial literacy in terms of the Annual Teaching Plan.
INTRODUCTION 3
Topic Number of
hours per year
The economy 19
Financial literacy 32
Entrepreneurship 13
Revision 8
Contact time 72
Examinations 8
Total hours 80
Total weeks 40
Course components
Study & Master Economic and Management Sciences Grade 9 consists of a:
• Learner’s Book
• Teacher’s Guide
Learner’s Book
The Learner’s Book is divided into four terms that cover the three
Economic and Management Sciences topics in the same order as they
appear in the Annual Teaching Plan of the CAPS document. Thus
each term in the Learner’s Book is divided as follows:
• Economic and Management Sciences topics
• Content within each topic as outlined in the CAPS document
• Activities.
There is a revision section at the end of each term which learners
can use to revise the terms’ work in preparation for the controlled
tests at the end of Terms 1 and 3, and the mid-year and end-of-year
examinations at the end of Terms 2 and 4.
4 INTRODUCTION
Teacher’s Guide
The Teacher’s Guide provides information and guidance on:
• Economic and Management Sciences as a subject (Section 1)
• planning for the Grade 9 year and lesson-by-lesson guidance,
including tips to cover resources, a list of new words and
concepts, and preparation required prior to teaching the topic
(Sections 1 and 2)
• suggested answers for all activities in the Learner’s Book
(Section 2). Please note that the answers given are guidelines only.
You should encourage creative and critical thinking from learners,
wherever appropriate.
• informal assessment suggestions (Section 2)
• consolidation (remedial) and extension activity suggestions
(Section 2)
• controlled tests and marking memorandums (Section 2)
• a Programme of Assessment (Section 3)
• guidance on the assessment of all Formal Assessment Tasks
(Section 3)
• marking memorandums for all Formal Assessment Tasks (Section 3)
• recording and reporting of formal assessment (Section 3)
• end-of-year examination paper and marking memorandum
(Section 4) and the memorandums for the Learner’s Book
examination practice papers (Section 2)
You will see these icons next to the activities in the Learner’s Book
and Teacher’s Guide. This is what the icons mean:
work in pairs
group work
class work
INTRODUCTION 5
6 INTRODUCTION
TERM 1
Week Economic and Management Topic Topic title No. of Economic and Management Sciences Resources
(2 hours Sciences topic no. hours CAPS content
per week)
1 Revision 1 Looking back, 2 • Revise Grade 8 work Textbook, mind maps
looking ahead • Give learners an overview of what will
be taught during the first term
2—4 Financial literacy 2 Cash Receipts 3 • Cash transactions of a trading business Textbook, relevant exercise
(1 hour per Journal and Cash • Effect of cash transactions on the books and templates,
week) Payments Journal accounting equation calculator (if possible)
(sole trader)
2—4 The economy 3 Economic systems 3 • The three major economic systems Textbook, relevant
(1 hour per • A planned economy, market economy newspaper and magazine
week) and mixed economy and Internet articles;
• Origin of each system information on the global
• Advantages and disadvantages of each economy and different
economic system economic systems
• Characteristics of each economic
system
INTRODUCTION
• The global economy
6/5/13 6:22:31 PM
8
EMS 9 TG (ENG).indb 8
Week Economic and Management Topic Topic title No. of Economic and Management Sciences Resources
(2 hours Sciences topic no. hours CAPS content
per week)
5—10 Financial literacy 4 General Ledger and 6 • Posting of cash transactions of a trading Textbook, relevant exercise
(1 hour per Trial Balance (sole business from Cash Receipts Journal books and templates,
week) trader) (CRJ) and Cash Payments Journal (CPJ) calculator (if possible)
to General Ledger
• Preparing of a Trial Balance of a trading
INTRODUCTION
business
5—10 The economy 5 Circular flow 6 • The participants in the circular flow of a Textbook, relevant exercise
(1 hour per closed economy books and templates,
week) • Flow of goods and services, money and calculator (if possible)
factors of production in the circular flow
of a closed economy
• Illustrate by using a flow diagram
10 Revision Term 1 Revise all work covered during this term Textbook
Formal assessment:
1. Assignment (40%)
2. Controlled test (60%) (must include all topics covered in Term 1)
TERM 2
Week Economic and Management Topic Topic title No. of Economic and Management Sciences Resources
(2 hours Sciences topic no. hours CAPS content
per week)
1 Revision 6 Looking back, 2 • Revise the work covered in the first Textbook, mind maps
looking ahead term
• Give learners an overview of what will
be taught during the second term
6/5/13 6:22:31 PM
Week Economic and Management Topic Topic title No. of Economic and Management Sciences Resources
(2 hours Sciences topic no. hours CAPS content
EMS 9 TG (ENG).indb 9
per week)
2—7 Financial literacy 7 Credit transactions: 6 • Credit sales Textbook, relevant exercise
(1 hour per Debtors (1) • Debtors books and templates,
week) • National Credit Act calculator (if possible)
• Debtors allowance
• Accounting cycle
• Recording of transactions to Debtors
Journal (DJ)
• Recording of receipts from debtors in
the Cash Receipts Journal (CRJ)
2—7 The economy 8 Price theory 6 • Law of demand, demand schedule and Textbook, relevant
(1 hour per graphical illustration of the demand newspaper and magazine
week) curve and Internet articles,
• Law of supply, supply schedule and newsprint sheets,
graphical illustration of the supply curve old magazines and
• Equilibrium price and quantity newspapers, examples of
• Change in quantity demanded relevant adverts
• Change in quantity supplied
• Increase and decrease in demand
• Increase and decrease in supply
• Graphical illustration of the change in
demand and the change in supply
8—9 Entrepreneurship 9 Sectors of the 4 • The primary sector, the secondary Textbook, relevant
economy sector, the tertiary sector newspaper and magazine
• Types of businesses found in the three and Internet articles,
sectors examples of local
• The interrelationship of the three businesses and different
sectors jobs
• Sustainable use of resources in the
three sectors
• The role of the three sectors in the
economy
• Types of skills required in each sector
INTRODUCTION
10 Revision Term 2 Revise all work covered during this term Textbook
10 Mid-year examination (must be based on the work covered in Terms 1–2)
9
Formal assessment:
1. Data response (40%)
2. Mid-year examination (60%)
6/5/13 6:22:31 PM
TERM 3
10
EMS 9 TG (ENG).indb 10
Week Economic and Management Topic Topic title No. of Economic and Management Sciences Resources
(2 hours Sciences topic no. hours CAPS content
per week)
1 Revision 10 Looking back, 2 • Revise the work covered in the second Textbook, mind maps
looking ahead term
• Give learners an overview of what will
INTRODUCTION
be taught during the third term
2—5 The economy 11 Trade unions 4 • Concept of trade unions Textbook, relevant
(1 hour per • Brief historical development of trade newspaper and magazine
week) unions and Internet articles,
• The roles and responsibilities of trade newsprint (scissors, glue,
unions in South Africa coloured pens), local and
• Effect of trade unions in businesses international information
• Contribution of trade unions to on trade unions and
sustainable growth and development industrial action
2—5 Financial literacy 12 Credit transactions: 4 • Posting to the Debtors Ledger and Textbook, relevant exercise
(1 hour per Debtors (2) General Ledger books and templates,
week) • Effect of credit transactions on the calculator (if possible)
accounting equation
6—8 Financial literacy 13 Credit transactions: 3 • Creditors Textbook, relevant exercise
(1 hour per Creditors (1) • Creditors allowance books and templates,
week) • Accounting cycle calculator (if possible)
• Recording of transactions in the
Creditors Journal (CJ)
6—8 Entrepreneurship 14 Functions of a 3 • Functions of a business: administration, Textbook, relevant
(1 hour per business purchasing, marketing, finances, public newspaper and magazine
week) relations, human resources, production, and Internet articles, local
general management, and risk businessperson/speaker to
management visit
• Characteristics of the business
functions
• Role and importance of the business
functions
6/5/13 6:22:31 PM
EMS 9 TG (ENG).indb 11
Week Economic and Management Topic Topic title No. of Economic and Management Sciences Resources
(2 hours Sciences topic no. hours CAPS content
per week)
9—10 Financial literacy 15 Credit transactions: 4 • Recording of payments to creditors in Textbook, relevant exercise
Creditors (2) the Cash Payments Journal (CPJ) books and templates,
• Posting to the Creditors Ledger and calculator (if possible)
General Ledger
• Effect of credit transactions on the
accounting equation
10 Revision Term 3 Revise all work covered during this term Textbook
Formal assessment:
1. Project (40%)
2. Controlled test (60%) (must include all topics covered in Term 3)
TERM 4
Week Economic and Management Topic Topic title No. of Economic and Management Sciences Resources
(2 hours Sciences topic no. hours CAPS content
per week)
1 Revision 16 Looking back, 2 • Revise the work covered in the third Textbook, mind maps
looking ahead term
• Give learners an overview of what will
be taught during the fourth term
2—7 Financial literacy 17 Transactions: Cash 6 • Recording of cash and credit Textbook, relevant exercise
(1 hour per and credit transactions of a sole trader in the books and templates,
week) subsidiary journals calculator (if possible)
• Posting to the Debtors Journal (DJ),
Creditors Journal (CJ) and General
INTRODUCTION
Ledger
• Preparing of a trial balance
11
6/5/13 6:22:31 PM
12
Week Economic and Management Topic Topic title No. of Economic and Management Sciences Resources
EMS 9 TG (ENG).indb 12
(2 hours Sciences topic no. hours CAPS content
per week)
2—7 Entrepreneurship 18 Business plan 6 • Concept of a business plan Textbook, relevant
(1 hour per • Components of a business plan newspaper and magazine
week) • Format of a business plan [the front and Internet articles,
cover, table of contents, description sample business plans
of the product or services offered by from banks, examples of
INTRODUCTION
the business, goals of the business, business plans and vision
the business owner, production statements from local and
plan, marketing plan, management other businesses
plan, SWOT (strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities, threats) analysis and
conclusion]
• Financial plan (fixed and variable costs,
break-even points, mark-up on sales,
profit percentage)
8—9 Revision Term 4 Revise all work covered during this term Textbook
8—9 Examination preparations 4 • Revise the work covered throughout the Textbook, mind maps
year
• Study techniques
• Examination writing skills
10 End–of–year examination (must include all topics covered in Terms 1—4)
Formal assessment:
1. End-of-year examination
6/5/13 6:22:31 PM
2. Lesson by lesson
This section contains teaching notes for the topics in the Learner’s
Book; answers to all the activities; informal assessment suggestions;
consolidation (remedial) and extension activity suggestions and
revision activities.
Term 1 14
Formal Assessment Task 1: Assignment
(see Section 3)
Term 2 91
Formal Assessment Task 2: Data response
(see Section 3)
Term 3 126
Formal Assessment Task 3: Project
(see Section 3)
Term 4 199
13
Topic
UnitLooking
Discover
1 back,
your looking
strengths
ahead
1 Learner’s Book pages 2—5
xx—xx Duration:
Duration 2 hours
Preparation
• Read through the topic and familiarise yourself with the content
that you will need to teach. Think about what learners may
already know about the topics, what skills they already have and
any areas of difficulty that you think they might encounter.
• Explaining percentages can be difficult to master. Ensure that
you have fully understood the content before explaining it to the
learners. Ask the Mathematics teacher at your school for help if
you are struggling with the concepts.
Lesson 2
• Refer learners to the illustration of the trading business in
Figure 2.1 of the Learner’s Book. Discuss the two different types
of businesses and explain why this is a trading business. Learners
may be familiar with trading businesses from their Entrepreneur’s
Day efforts.
Lesson 3
• Discuss the example of the CPJ for Abel Dealers in the Learner’s
Book page 12. Explain that every time you buy goods with the
intention of selling them again, you enter these transactions in the
Trading stock column.
• Discuss the example of the CRJ for Abel Dealers in the Learner’s
Book page 13.
• Explain each transaction as follows:
15 May: The source document will be a cash register roll, so
we write only Sales in the Details column. The Sales amount of
R1 240 (R620 × 2) will appear in the Analysis of receipts and
Lesson 4
• Do examples 1 and 2 in the Learner’s Book pages 14–15 to
explain the effect in the General Ledger when stock is purchased
for cash, using the terms account debited and account credited.
Ask questions such as why Trading Stock is debited (because it is
an Asset that has increased) and why Bank is credited (because it is
an Asset that has decreased).
• Do Activity 2.6.
• Do the example in the Learner’s Book pages 15–17 to explain how
to complete the accounting equation when stock is sold for cash.
– Step 1: Explain that the trading stock on shelves decreases,
so the effect on the accounting equation is that trading stock
decreases.
– Step 2: Explain that the selling price of the goods increases the
money in the bank, therefore cash increases.
– Step 3: Explain that the selling price (sales) increases Owner’s
equity and the cost price (cost of sales) decreases Owner’s
equity. We show only the net effect (profit earned) on the
Owner’s equity.
• Do Activities 2.7 and 2.8.
Answers
Activity 2.1
Middle order (10)
No. Cost price (R) Profit % Selling price (R)
1. 720,00 40 ✔✔ R1 008
2. 300,00 65 ✔✔ R495
3. 440,00 35 ✔✔ R594
4. 380,00 9 ✔✔ R414,20
5. 720,00 60 ✔✔ R1 152
Assist learners who struggle with this activity. They must understand
these basic calculations before progressing. Ensure that learners
understand how to use their calculators, as different calculators work
differently.
Assist learners who struggle with this activity. Remind them that the
1 is typed in as 0.3 with the three repeated as many times as
fraction __
3
their calculator can accommodate. Allow them to do the calculation
of 1 divided by 3 themselves, to see the answer.
Show them, for example, that __ 2 is a repeated fraction and needs to be
3
typed in as 0.6 with as many sixes as their calculator can accommodate.
Allow them to type in 2 divided by 3 to see the answer for themselves.
Activity 2.3
Middle order (10)
No. Cost price (R) Selling price (R) Profit %
1. 235,00 340,75 ✔✔ 45%
1
2. 996,00 1 328,00 ✔✔ 33 __
3 %
3. 654,00 735,75 ✔✔ 12,5%
4. 1 265,00 2 125,20 ✔✔ 68%
5. 645,00 993,30 ✔✔ 54%
Activity 2.4
Middle and Higher order (30)
Cash Receipts Journal of Bubble Soap Shop for July 2017 CRJ2
Doc. Day Details Fol. Analysis of Bank Sales Cost of Sundry accounts
no. receipts sales
Amount Fol. Details
Cash Payments Journal of Bubble Soap Shop for July 2017 CPJ2
Doc. Day Name of Fol. Bank Trading stock Wages Packing Sundry accounts
no. payee material
Amount Fol. Details
Clean-as-
51 03 Whistle ✔ 2 300 00 ✔✔ 2 223 00 ✔ 77 00
Longland
52 06 Traders ✔ 4 108 00 ✔ 4 070 00 Equipment ✔
✔ 38 00 Stationery ✔
53 07 Cash ✔ 620 00 ✔ 620 00
54 10 Corbin Shop ✔ 1 225 00 ✔ 1 225 00
✔ 446 00 Drawings ✔
59 28 Cash ✔ 1 240 00 ✔ 1 240 00
✔ 11 925 00 3 448 00 2 480 00 376 00 ✔ 5 621 00 (31)
Activity 2.7
Middle order (20)
Activity 2.8
Middle order (63)
Consolidation
• Mr J P Ras is the owner of Roto Traders. The business uses a
constant mark-up of 40% on cost price.
Required
• Record the transactions for February in the Cash Receipts Journal
and Cash Payments Journal.
• Provide the following columns in the cash journals:
– CRJ2: Analysis of receipts, Bank, Sales, Cost of sales, and
Sundry accounts
– CPJ2: Bank, Trading stock, Wages and Sundry accounts
• Complete the transactions of the 3rd, 17th, 21st and 28th
according to the example below.
Extension
• Show the following calculations.
1. Merchandise with a cost price of R2 225 is sold. Calculate the
selling price if the profit margin is 13%.
R 2 225 ?
% 100 13 113
113 = R2 514,25
R2 225 × ____
100
2. Issued a cheque to the City Treasurer for R1 041. It is for
the business’s water and electricity of R595 and the rest is for
the owner’s water and electricity. Calculate the amount
of drawings.
R1 041 – R595 = R446
3. Sold goods for R4 184,05. Calculate the cost price if the profit
margin is 57%.
R ? 4 184,05
% 100 57 157
100 = R2 665
R4 184,05 × ____
157
4. Paid the owner’s personal telephone account, R212, as well
as the business’s telephone account of R532. Calculate the
amount of the cheque.
R212 + R532 = R744
5. Calculate the cost price of goods sold for R11 272,69 with a
profit percentage of 43%.
R ? 11 272,69
% 100 43 143
100 = R7 883
R11 272,69 × ____
143
Topic
UnitEconomic
1 systems
3 Learner’s Book pages 19—28 Duration: 3 hours
Find articles about the global economy. News articles about how
economic changes in one part of the world affect other parts of the
world would be excellent resources for this topic. Articles about the
effects of the 2007–2008 global financial crisis would also be helpful.
Preparation
• Read through the topic and familiarise yourself with the content
that you will need to teach. Think about what learners may
already know about the topics, what skills they already have and
any areas of difficulty that you think they might encounter.
• Gather your resources and plan how you will integrate them into
your teaching.
• Decide whether you want to set Activity 3.1 as homework or as a
class-time activity.
Lesson 2
• Start by having a class discussion about wanting things that are
unavailable because there is a high demand for them. Learners can
give examples of goods and services that they have really wanted,
but have been unable to buy or find because so many other people
wanted them too.
• Discuss the former Soviet Union. Ask the learners what they know
about its communist economy. Then discuss the economy of a
country such as the United States of America. See if the learners
can draw comparisons between the two in the areas of land and
business ownership and resource allocation.
• Explain that there are different economic systems in the world’s
countries, but that all of them aim to solve the economic problem.
Explain what the economic problem is. Learners should remember
this from Grades 7 and 8.
• Move on to the section on planned economies in the Learner’s
Book page 20.
Lesson 3
• Recap what you taught about the planned economy in Lesson 2.
• Use the photo in Figure 3.4 of the Learner’s Book and your
resources as a starting point for a discussion about the market
economy. Ask learners to compare what they think supermarkets
in a market economy would look like with what they think
supermarkets in a planned economy would look like.
• Explain what a market economy is and its characteristics and
origins. Use your resources to supplement your teaching.
• Just as you did last week, ask learners to think of their own advantages
and disadvantages of market economies, before working through
Table 3.2 of the Learner’s Book with them. Encourage them to think
beyond the attraction of a wide range of consumer goods and to
see that planned economies do have some advantages over market
economies. Point out that market economies can be very unfair
and unequal societies. Encourage them to consider the ethics of an
economy that is profit driven rather than welfare driven.
• Ask the learners if this is fair, especially in developing countries
like South Africa. Use this as a starting point to lead the learners
towards understanding that South Africa has a mixed economy.
• If there is time, divide the class into groups to discuss this and ask
each group to give feedback to the class.
Lesson 4
• Recap what you taught in Lessons 2 and 3 about planned and
market economies.
• Remind learners about the discussions you had at the end of
last week’s lesson on the implications of profit-driven market
economies for people in developing countries.
• Introduce the mixed economy and teach its characteristics and
origins using your resources.
• Just as you did in Lessons 2 and 3, ask learners to think of their
own advantages and disadvantages of mixed economies before you
teach Table 3.3 in the Learner’s Book.
Answers
Activity 3.1
1. Lower order (3)
... an economic system ✔ in which the government or workers’
councils make all the decisions about the production and
consumption of goods and services, ✔ based on their idea of what
is good for all the people of that country. ✔
2. Middle order (1)
The government controls the factors of production. ✔
3. Higher order (6)
The jobs were called ‘iron rice bowls’ because the government
gave workers everything they needed to live – job security, food,
housing and other benefits. ✔ Rice is the staple food in China so
an ‘iron rice bowl’ referred to a secure (iron is a strong metal) ✔
supply of necessities (staples such as food). ✔ The government
could do this because planned economies are not profit-driven. ✔
This would be too expensive for market economies to do, and the
job security would make workers unproductive. ✔ Workers would
know that whether they worked hard or not, they would still get
everything they needed from the government. ✔
Activity 3.2
1. Higher order (24)
A: This photo shows a country with a planned economy or a
mixed economy. ✔ The disadvantages are that the economy may
be inflexible, ✔ have little incentive for growth ✔ and limited
consumer choices (planned economy) ✔ or that the economy may
be bureaucratic, corrupt and have limited government resources
to allocate to welfare (mixed economy). ✔ Or the photo shows a
market economy ✔ with huge inequality between rich and poor
✔ because of the economy’s profit-driven nature. ✔ Learners
name one advantage of the economic system they select. ✔
B: This photo shows a market economy with a choice of a wide
range of consumer goods. ✔ Learners name one advantage ✔ and
disadvantage ✔ of a market economy.
Activity 3.3: Observe the learners to see how confidently they can
apply their knowledge to real-world situations, and whether they use
their initiative to find appropriate articles. (observation-based)
Consolidation
• Write a paragraph in which you describe planned, market and
mixed economies briefly.
A planned economy is an economic system in which the
government or workers’ councils make all the decisions about
the production and consumption of goods and services, based on
their idea of what is good for all the people of that country.
A market economy is an unplanned economy in which land, property
and businesses are owned by private people, not the government.
A mixed economy is a mixture of private and government control
of the economy. The government, as well as people and businesses,
owns the land and natural resources.
• Explain the economic problem.
The economic problem is how to meet the endless wants and
needs of people with limited resources.
• Name two advantages and two disadvantages of each economic
system.
Learners name any two advantages and disadvantages of each
economic system such as:
Extension
You are a carpenter living in a country with a planned economy.
Do some research about planned economies and write a short
report about what your life is like. Include your thoughts on your
home, shops, public services and work.
Learners give their own opinions. They should say that they need to
live and work where the government places them; that their housing
is modest because the wealth is distributed among all of the country’s
citizens; and that they have limited choices when they shop. They
should mention that their jobs are secure but not very well paid, and
that the government provides services such as healthcare and education.
Formal assessment
For information on Formal Assessment Task 1: Assignment and on
how to assess learner’s assignments, controlled tests, case studies
and projects, please see Section 3 of this Teacher’s Guide.
Preparation
• Read through the topic and familiarise yourself with the content
that you will need to teach. Think about what learners may
already know about the topics, what skills they already have and
any areas of difficulty that you think they might encounter.
• The learners already know how to record transactions in the CRJ
and CPJ of a services business to the General Ledger and how to
do a Trial Balance. Use this knowledge to build on when you are
teaching the same for a trading business.
• It might be difficult for learners to understand the posting of the
Cost of Sales and Trading Stock accounts, so pay special attention
to these.
– Write the name of the one account in the details of the other
account.
Bank Sales
Total Bank 1 505
receipts 11 505
Cost of sales is not a cash item and so doesn’t form part of Total
receipts. Cost of Sales is debited, because it decreased Owner’s
equity. Trading Stock is credited, because the stock is sold and so
assets have decreased on the credit side.
– Write the name of one account in the details of the other
account.
• Do Activity 4.1.
• Revise the following guidelines:
– Posting of the CRJ: the journal where receipts are entered,
which increases cash in the business’s bank account.
– There are two ways that you can explain this:
• Bank has been debited because it has increased (Assets
increase on the debit side) and according to the double-
entry principle, all the other accounts (EXCEPT Cost of
Sales) should be credited OR
• Identify each account as you did in the example above.
– Posting of the CPJ: the journal where payments are entered,
which decreases cash in the business’s bank account. There are
two ways that you can explain this:
• The bank has been credited because it has decreased
(Assets decrease on the credit side) and according to the
double-entry principle, all the other accounts should be
debited OR
• Identify each account as you did in the example above.
– Heading: The heading of the ledger contains ONLY the name
of the business, NOT the date.
– Date: Analysis columns are posted on the last day of the
specific month. Entries in the Sundry accounts are posted on
the day that the transaction occurs.
– Folios: When a transaction is posted, the folio of each ledger
account must be entered in the journal. In the Sundry
accounts column, the folio is entered in the folio column
provided and in the analysis columns, the folio is entered
below the total of each column. Learners cannot enter the
folio numbers if the completed journal appears only in the
Learner’s Book. However, all the others must be entered.
• Briefly revise the balancing of General Ledger accounts.
Lesson 6
• Do Activity 4.1 on the board. Learners check and mark their
homework.
• Briefly revise the preparation of the Trial Balance.
• Use the General Ledger of Activity 4.1 on the board to draw up a
Trial Balance.
• Do Activity 4.2.
• This activity is done as an example in class.
• Do Activity 4.3.
Lesson 8
• Check and mark Activity 4.4.
• Do Activity 4.5.
Lesson 9
• Check and mark Activity 4.5.
• Do Activity 4.6.
Lesson 10
• Check and mark Activity 4.6.
• Do Activity 4.7.
Answers
Activity 4.1
Middle and Higher order (66)
1.–2.
Explain that the missing balance of the Capital account is calculated
by adding all the credit balances and subtracting this total from the
total of all the debit balances.
Dr Drawings B2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 5 745 00
✔ 6 191 00 (4)
Dr Equipment B5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 1 250 00
✔ 5 320 00 (4)
Dr Trading Stock B6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017 2017
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 8 482 00 Jul 31 Cost of sales ✔ CRJ2 ✔ 8 514 00
31 Bank ✔ CPJ2 ✔ 3 448 00 Balance c/d ✔ 3 416 00
11 930 00 11 930 00
01 Balance b/d ✔ 3 416 00 (7)
Dr Bank B7 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017 2017
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 16 386 00 Jul 31 Total payments ✔ CPJ2 ✔ 11 925 00
31 Total receipts ✔ CRJ2 ✔ 39 551 00 Balance ✔ c/d 44 012 00
55 937 00 55 937 00
2017
Aug 01 Balance b/d ✔ 44 012 00 (7)
Dr Cash Float B8 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 450 00 (1)
Nominal accounts
Dr Sales N1 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 20 340 00
31 Bank ✔ CRJ2 ✔ 12 771 00
✔ 33 111 00 (4)
Dr Cost of Sales N2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 13 560 00
✔ 22 074 00 (4)
Dr Wages N4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 3 330 00
✔ 5 810 00 (4)
Dr Packing Material N5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 753 00
✔ 1 129 00 (4)
Dr Trading Licence N6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 414 00 (1)
Dr Stationery N7 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 577 00
06 Bank ✔ CPJ2 ✔ 38 00
✔ 739 00 (6)
✔ 1 929 00 (4)
Dr Telephone N9 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 994 00
✔ 1 342 00 (4)
Activity 4.3
1. Middle order (83)
Ensure the learners know how to open the Journals and General
Ledger by themselves. This is the first activity where learners complete
a services business and a trading business at the same time. Explain
that Amiena sells (Sales) and rents out dresses (Services rendered –
Current income).
Dr Drawings B2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2016
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 5 970 00
✔ 6 771 00 (6)
Dr Vehicles B4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2016
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 65 500 00 (1)
Dr Equipment B5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2016
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 9 430 00
✔ 13 690 00 (4)
Dr Trading Stock B6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2016 2016
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 28 482 00 Sep 30 Cost of sales ✔ CRJ9 ✔ 10 875 00
30 Bank ✔ CPJ9 ✔ 22 930 00 Balance c/d ✔ 40 537 00
✔ 51 412 00 51 412 00
2016
Oct 01 Balance b/d ✔ 40 537 00 (8)
Dr Bank B7 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2016 2016
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 124 987 00 Sep 30 Total payments ✔ CPJ9 ✔ 178 730 00
30 Total receipts ✔ CRJ9 ✔ 34 282 50
Balance c/d ✔ 19 460 50
178 730 00 178 730 00
2016
Oct 01 Balance b/d ✔ 19 460 50 (7)
Nominal accounts
Dr Sales N1 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2016
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 43 452 00
30 Bank ✔ CRJ9 ✔ 18 487 50
✔ 61 939 50 (4)
Dr Cost of Sales N2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2016
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 25 560 00
✔ 36 435 00 (4)
Dr Current Income N3 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2016
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 10 042 00
30 Bank ✔ CRJ9 ✔ 2 720 00
✔ 12 762 00 (4)
Dr Rent Income N4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2016
Sep 29 Bank ✔ CRJ9 ✔ 1 325 00 (2)
Dr Material Cost N5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2016
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 4 321 00
✔ 7 340 00 (4)
Dr Wages N6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2016
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 2 640 00
✔ 3 960 00 (4)
Dr Stationery N7 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2016
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 234 00
✔ 781 00 (4)
✔ 1 306 00 (4)
Dr Trading Licence N9 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2016
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 414 00
✔ 754 00 (4)
✔ 9 600 00 (4)
✔ 1 767 00 (4)
Dr Telephone N12 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2016
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 876 00
✔ 1 408 00 (4)
Dr Rates N13 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2016
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 377 00
✔ 619 00 (4)
✔ 2 154 00 (4)
✔ 14 055 00 (4)
Activity 4.4
1. Middle order (58)
Ensure the learners know how to open the Journals and General
Ledger by themselves.
Two balances are missing. Learners must first calculate the
balance of the Cost of Sales account and then the balance of
the Wages account.
Dr Drawings B2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 5 400 00
12 Bank ✔ CPJ6 ✔ 1 300 00
19 Bank ✔ CPJ6 ✔ 231 00
✔ 6 931 00 (6)
Dr Vehicles B4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 64 200 00 (1)
Dr Equipment B5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 28 536 00
16 Bank ✔ CPJ6 ✔ 5 330 00
✔ 33 866 00 (4)
Dr Bank B7 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012 2012
Jun 30 Total receipts ✔ CRJ6 ✔ 97 901 00 Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 52 424 00
30 Total payments ✔ CPJ6 ✔ 28 389 00
Balance c/d ✔ 17 088 00
97 901 00 97 901 00
2012
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 17 088 00 (7)
Dr Cash Float B8 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 350 00
26 Bank ✔ CPJ6 ✔ 250 00
✔ 600 00 (4)
Nominal accounts
Dr Sales N1 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 35 535 00
30 Bank ✔ CRJ6 ✔ 82 341 00
✔ 117 876 00 (4)
Dr Cost of Sales N2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 23 690 00
30 Trading stock ✔ CRJ6 ✔ 54 894 00
✔ 78 584 00 (4)
Dr Rent Income N3 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 5 400 00
30 Bank ✔ CRJ6 ✔ 3 560 00
✔ 8 960 00 (4)
Dr Trading Licence N5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 470 00
03 Bank ✔ CPJ6 ✔ 250 00
✔ 720 00 (4)
Dr Stationery N6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 468 00
09 Bank ✔ CPJ6 ✔ 165 00
✔ 633 00 (4)
Dr Telephone N8 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 656 00 (1)
R54 894✔
b. _________
= 1 307 T-shirts are sold. ✔ (3)
42✔
R6 216 ✔
c. _________
= 148 T-shirts are left over. ✔ (3)
42✔
Activity 4.5
Question 1 follows on the next page.
2. Middle order (37)
Learners must calculate the profit percentage according to the
formula learnt in Topic 2:
Calculate the profit amount:
Profit = R5 855,10 – R3 365 = R 2 490,10.
2 490,10
The profit percentage is: ________ 100 = 74%
× ____
3 365 1
✔133 00 N5 Advertisements✔
Dr Drawings B2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2016
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 815 00
30 Bank ✔ CPJ3 ✔ 660 00
✔ 1 475 00 (4)
Dr Equipment B3 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2016
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 3 544 00
02 Bank ✔ CPJ3 ✔ 2 223 00
✔ 5 767 00 (4)
Dr Trading Stock B4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2016 2016
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 8 793 00 Mar 31 Cost of sales ✔ CRJ3 ✔ 3 386 00
31 Bank ✔ CPJ3 ✔ 7 317 00 Balance c/d ✔ 12 724 00
16 110 00 16 110 00
2016
Apr 01 Balance b/d ✔ 12 724 00 (7)
Dr Bank B5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2016 2016
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 8 722 00 Mar 31 Total payments ✔ CPJ3 ✔ 15 432 00
31 Total receipts ✔ CRJ3 ✔ 32 106 64 Balance c/d ✔ 25 396 64
40 828 64 40 828 64
2016
Apr 01 Balance b/d ✔ 25 396 64 (7)
Dr Cash Float B6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2016
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 200 00
02 Bank ✔ CPJ3 ✔ 115 00
21 Bank ✔ CPJ3 ✔ 125 00
✔ 440 00 (6)
Dr Cost of Sales N2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2016
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 3 365 00
31 Trading stock ✔ CRJ3 ✔ 3 386 00
✔ 6 751 00 (4)
Dr Rent Expense N3 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2016
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 4 860 00
02 Bank ✔ CPJ3 ✔ 1 215 00
✔ 6 075 00 (4)
Dr Trading Licence N4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2016
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 130 00
02 Bank ✔ CPJ3 ✔ 163 00
✔ 293 00 (4)
Dr Advertisements N5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2016
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 338 00
09 Bank ✔ CPJ3 ✔ 224 00
25 Bank ✔ CPJ3 ✔ 133 00
✔ 695 00 (6)
Dr Packing Material N6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2016
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 1 323 00
18 Bank ✔ CPJ3 ✔ 341 00
25 Bank ✔ CPJ3 ✔ 481 00
✔ 2 145 00 (6)
Dr Wages N9 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2016
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 6 000 00
31 Bank ✔ CPJ3 ✔ 750 00
✔ 6 750 00 (4)
Dr Stationery N10 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2016
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 562 10
31 Bank ✔ CPJ3 ✔ 233 00
✔ 795 10 (4)
Sales ✔ N1 11 746 74
Cost of sales ✔ N2 6 751 00
Rent expense ✔ N3 6 075 00
Trading licence ✔ N4 293 00
Advertisements ✔ N5 695 00
Packing material ✔✔ N6 2 145 00
Water and electricity ✔ N7 820 00
Salaries ✔ N8 5 550 00
Wages ✔ N9 6 750 00
Stationery ✔ N10 795 10
Rent income ✔ N11 2 430 00
✔ 75 676 74 75 676 74
Activity 4.6
1. Middle order (60)
In this activity, learners use three different profit percentages.
Explain this beforehand, to ensure they understand which
percentage is used with which sales.
Dr Drawings B2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2015
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 5 500 00
15 Bank ✔ CPJ3 ✔ 1 145 00
31 Bank ✔ CPJ3 ✔ 300 00
✔ 6 945 00 (6)
Dr Equipment B3 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2015
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 23 000 00
03 Bank ✔ CPJ3 ✔ 5 780 00
✔ 28 780 00 (4)
Dr Bank B5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2015 2015
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 31 343 00 Mar 31 Total payments ✔ CPJ3 ✔ 102 705 00
31 Total receipts ✔ CRJ3 ✔ 96 608 20 Balance ✔ c/d 25 246 20
127 951 20 127 951 20
2015
Apr 01 Balance b/d ✔ 25 246 20 (7)
Dr Cash Float B6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2015
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 150 00
Bank ✔ CPJ3 ✔ 500 00
✔ 650 00 (4)
Nominal accounts
Dr Sales N1 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2015
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 125 000 00
31 Bank ✔ CRJ3 ✔ 77 858 20
✔ 202 858 20 (4)
Dr Cost of Sales N2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2015
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 80 600 00
31 Trading stock ✔ CRJ3 ✔ 60 916 00
✔ 141 516 00 (4)
Dr Stationery N3 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2015
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 780 00
31 Bank ✔ CPJ3 ✔ 230 00
✔ 1 010 00 (4)
Dr Fuel N4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2015
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 775 00
09 Bank ✔ CPJ3 ✔ 335 00
✔ 1 110 00 (4)
Dr Telephone N6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2015
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 876 00
31 Bank ✔ CPJ3 ✔ 365 00
✔ 1 241 00 (4)
Dr Rent Income N7 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2015
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 6 000 00
04 Bank ✔ CRJ3 ✔ 1 500 00
✔ 7 500 00 (4)
Activity 4.7
1.–2. Middle order (69)
Tell learners that the source documents shown must also be
entered in the journals, and not only the transactions.
Learners must understand that stationery purchased can be for
business use (Stationery) or for the resale of stationery (Trading Stock).
Two balances are missing. Learners must first calculate the
balance of the Cost of Sales account and then the balance of the
Bank account.
Cash Receipts Journal of Cut & Paste Shop for May 2018 CRJ5
Doc. Day Details Fol. Analysis of Bank Sales Cost of Sundry accounts
no. receipts sales
Amount Fol. Details
CRR 05 Sales 987 00 ✔987 00 ✔987 00 ✔705 00
14 09 J Henneman 155 00 ✔155 00 ✔155 00 N10✔ Rent income✔
CRR 12 Sales 947 80 ✔947 80 ✔947 80 ✔677 00
CRR 19 Sales ✔1 377 60 ✔1 377 60 ✔984 00
15 J Kritzinger ✔4 500 00 ✔5 877 60 ✔4 500 00 B1 Capital✔
CRR 28 Sales 985 60 ✔985 60 ✔985 60 ✔704 00
✔ ✔ 8 953 00 4 298 00 3 070 00 ✔4 655 00 (24)
B6 N1 N2/B5✔
Cash Payments Journal of Cut & Paste Shop for May 2018 CPJ5
Doc. Day Name of Fol. Bank Trading Stationery Consumable Sundry accounts
no. payee stock goods
Amount Fol. Details
Scribblers
103 02 Suppliers ✔1 476 00 ✔1 374 00 ✔102 00
King
104 06 Brokers ✔217 00 ✔217 00 N9 Insurance✔
Office
105 07 Suppliers ✔1 296 00 ✔1 251 00 ✔45 00 N11 Advertisements✔
Klix
106 10 Packaging ✔383 00 ✔383 00
Quick
107 11 Repairs ✔116 00 ✔116 00 N7 Repairs✔
108 12 Pacerpunt ✔50 00 ✔50 00
Scribblers
109 14 Suppliers ✔2 779 00 ✔1 402 00 ✔1 377 00 B4 Equipment✔
110 15 Cash ✔520 00 ✔500 00 N3 Wages✔
✔20 00 N8 Postage✔
111 18 Pacerpunt ✔616 00 ✔616 00
Klix
112 20 Packaging ✔208 00 ✔91 00 ✔117 00
Soapy
113 21 Suds ✔112 00 ✔112 00
J
114 24 Kritzinger ✔560 00 ✔560 00 B2 Drawings✔
115 27 Post Office ✔312 00 ✔312 00 N5 Telephone✔
HB
116 30 Croxley ✔3 450 00 ✔3 450 00 N12 Salaries✔
✔ 12 095 00 4 643 00 243 00 612 00 ✔6 597 00 (45)
B6 B5 N6 N4✔
Dr Drawings B2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2018
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 934 00
24 Bank ✔ CPJ5 ✔ 560 00
✔ 1 494 00 (4)
Dr Equipment B4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2018
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 5 710 00
14 Bank ✔ CPJ5 ✔ 1 377 00
✔ 7 087 00 (4)
Dr Trading Stock B5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2018 2018
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 6 280 00 May 31 Cost of sales CRJ5 ✔ 3 070 00
31 Bank ✔ CPJ5 ✔ 4 643 00 Balance ✔ c/d ✔ 7 853 00
10 923 00 10 923 00
2018
Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 7 853 00 (7)
Dr Bank B6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2018 2018
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 841 00 May 31 Total payments ✔ CPJ5 ✔ 12 095 00
31 Total receipts ✔ CRJ5 ✔ 8 953 00
Balance ✔ c/d ✔ 2 301 00
12 095 00 12 095 00
2018
Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 2 301 00 (8)
Dr Cash Float B7 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2018
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 150 00 (1)
Dr Cost of Sales N2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2018
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 14 530 00
31 Trading stock ✔ CRJ5 ✔ 3 070 00
✔ 17 600 00 (4)
Dr Wages N3 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2018
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 1 650 00
15 Bank ✔ CPJ5 ✔ 500 00
✔ 2 150 00 (4)
Dr Consumable Goods N4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2018
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 976 00
31 Bank ✔ CPJ5 ✔ 612 00
✔ 1 588 00 (4)
Dr Telephone N5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2018
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 543 00
27 Bank ✔ CPJ5 ✔ 312 00
✔ 855 00 (4)
Dr Stationery N6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2018
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 182 00
31 Bank ✔ CPJ5 ✔ 243 00
✔ 425 00 (4)
Dr Repairs N7 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2018
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 557 00
11 Bank ✔ CPJ5 ✔ 116 00
✔ 673 00 (4)
Dr Insurance N9 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2018
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 332 00
06 Bank ✔ CPJ5 ✔ 217 00
✔ 549 00 (4)
Dr Advertisements N11 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2018
May 07 Bank CPJ5 ✔ 45 00 (1)
Dr Salaries N12 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2018
May 30 Bank CPJ5 ✔ 3 450 00 (1)
Consolidation
• Copy the accounts below into your ledger and complete each
account. Answer the questions that follow. Wonderland Toy
Stores uses a profit mark-up of 65% on cost price.
Dr Trading Stock B9 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012 2012
Dec 01 Balance b/d 85 680 00 Dec 31 ? CRJ 12 200 00
31 ? CPJ ? Balance c/d ?
2013
Jan 01 Balance b/d 88 143 00
Nominal accounts
Dr Sales N1 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Dec 01 Balance c/d 15 870 00
31 ? ?
• Questions
1. Name the contra-account for the amount of R12 200.
Cost of sales
2. What is the value of the trading stock purchased in
December? R14 663
3. Name the contra-account for the amount given at
Question 2. Bank
4. How much cash was received in December? R14 021
5. In which journal can the information given for Question 4
be found? CRJ
6. How much cash was paid out in December? R19 364
7. In which journal can the information given for Question 6
be found? CPJ
8. What was the cost price of the goods sold for cash
in December? R12 200
9. In which journal can the information for Question 8
be found? CRJ
10. What is the selling price of the merchandise sold
in December? R20 130
11. What is the contra-account for the amount given for
Question 10? Bank
12. In which journal was the information for Question 11
recorded? CRJ
Dr Trading Stock B9 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012 2012
Dec 01 Balance b/d 85 680 00 Dec 31 Cost of sales CRJ 12 200 00
31 Bank CPJ 14 663 00 Balance c/d 88 143 00
100 343 00 100 343 00
2013
Jan 01 Balance b/d 88 143 00
Nominal accounts
Dr Sales N1 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Dec 01 Balance b/d 15 870 00
31 Bank CRJ 20 130 00
36 000 00
Extension
K Masinga has a dairy on his farm, called Valley Farm Milk.
Required
Take all the information into account and compile a Trial Balance.
Information
He buys his milk from the local farmers at R3 per litre, pasteurises it
in his factory and sells it to Ding-Dong Dairies for R4,25 per litre,
and for R4,50 per litre to some shops in the town nearby. He also
buys cheese from Ding-Dong Dairies at R30/kg and sells it to the
local community at R36/kg.
At the end of July 2016 the following balances and information
appeared in the books of the business:
Capital R360 600, Drawings R800, Land and buildings,
R255 000, Equipment R44 360, Trading stock R0, Bank R16 896,
Sales R15 250, Cost of sales R12 500, Insurance R980, Telephone
R810, Water and electricity R8 727 and Consumables R765.
Notes
The bank shows the correct balance.
No milk or cheese is left from the previous months.
However, the bookkeeper closed off the books before all transactions
had been completed.
You may want to give the learners large sheets of newsprint for
Activities 5.2 and 5.3 as they will need to draw their own circular
flow diagrams.
Preparation
• Read through the topic and familiarise yourself with the content
that you will need to teach. Think about what learners may
already know about the topics, what skills they already have and
any areas of difficulty that you think they might encounter.
• Work through your Grade 8 teaching content and resources for
the sections you will recap in Lesson 5.
• Read your informal assessment notes from Grade 8 to remind
yourself about where your learners were developmentally when
they covered this work last year. Use this information to assess the
learners informally again during this topic.
• Use your Grade 8 teaching notes to remind yourself about content
that learners struggled with last year. Assess whether they have
mastered the content when you recap it in Lesson 5, and prepare
to re-teach trouble spots if necessary.
• Gather your resources from Grade 8 and your new resources for
Grade 9 and plan how you will integrate them into your teaching.
Lesson 5
• The work you taught in Grade 8 on the role of households, businesses
and the government in the economy, and the goods and services
and factor markets are an essential part of learners’ understanding
of the circular flow. You will need to ensure that the learners recall
that information by recapping Grade 8 content this week.
• Start by recapping the role of households, businesses and the
government in the economy, using the text and photo in the
Learner’s Book page 48 and your Grade 8 material.
• You may want to use class quizzes in your recap to make it
more fun for the learners, and to reward those who recall and
understand what they learnt last year.
• Question the learners frequently to assess what they have
remembered, so that you can re-teach content if necessary.
• Recap the goods and services and factor markets with the learners
using the text and photos in the Learner’s Book page 49 and your
Grade 8 notes and resources.
• Introduce the concept of the circular flow.
Lesson 6
• Recap the definition of the circular flow from Lesson 5.
• Ask learners if they know what a closed economy is. Explain that
this is largely a theoretical concept because most countries today
trade with other countries in some way.
• Ensure that learners understand that the circular flow diagram
is based on a closed economy for simplicity’s sake, and that the
flow is just a model to illustrate concepts. It is not an accurate
reflection of how economies work in reality. Explain that a model
is a representation, for example a model airplane is not a real
airplane, just a representation of one.
• Work through the participants in the circular flow model in the
spider diagram in Figure 5.3 of the Learner’s Book.
Lesson 8
• Recap the flow of goods and services from Lesson 7.
• Do Activity 5.2.
• Allow enough time for learners to do this activity in class.
• Introduce the idea that the flows that you have discussed so far do
not happen in isolation, do not stop and that the participants in
the flows rely on one another.
• Work through Figure 5.6 in the Learner’s Book with the learners,
ensuring that they understand that the diagram is a combination
of the three diagrams in Figure 5.4 of the Learner’s Book.
• Let learners draw their own diagrams on large sheets of newsprint
in groups.
Lesson 9
• Recap the circular flow diagram from Lesson 8.
• Work through the analysis of Figure 5.6 in the text that follows
the diagram in the Learner’s Book page 55.
• Do Activity 5.3.
• Allow enough time for learners to do this activity in class so that
you can help the learners if they get stuck.
Answers
Activity 5.1
1.–7. Lower order (10)
1. produce ✔; sell ✔; distribute ✔
2. profit ✔
3. produce ✔
4. earn ✔
5. spend ✔
6. collects ✔; taxes ✔
7. spends ✔
Activity 5.3
1. Higher order (20)
Learners’ situations will vary, as will their answers. They work
alone on this activity to make their notes relevant to their lives
and personal experiences. Be sensitive to learners whose parents or
caregivers may be unemployed. Help them to see that social grants
Consolidation
• Name the participants in the circular flow.
– households
– businesses
– the government
– the goods and services market
– the factor market
• Explain a closed economy.
A closed economy is an economy that does not trade or interact
with other economies at all. There are no exports or imports in a
closed economy; it is self-sufficient.
• Define the circular flow model.
The circular flow is a model that describes the movement of
money through the economy between participants.
Extension
Explain why we say that the circular flow model is a model of how
money, goods and services flow through the economy.
We say this because the circular flow is just a simple model of how
money flows through the economy. It is based on the following
assumptions, which are not a true reflection of economic reality:
• Households spend all of the income that they earn on goods and
services – they do not save any money.
• Households purchase all of the goods and services that businesses
produce.
The model uses a closed economy to show that households consume
all of the goods and services that businesses produce (no goods or
services come from other economies) and that businesses only get
the factors of production they need from the households. In the real
world, we know that this is not the case.
(18)
2.6 Explain what the global economy is. (3) Lower order
The global economy is the economy of the world formed ✔ by
interlinked national economies ✔ that all affect each other. ✔
Dr Equipment B2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013
Aug 01 Balance b/d ✔ 12 542 00
23 Bank CPJ8 ✔ 2 134 00
✔ 14 676 00
Dr Bank B4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013 2013
Aug 01 Balance ✔ b/d 8 775 00 Aug 31 Total payments ✔ CPJ8 12 479 00
31 Total receipts ✔ CRJ8 19 734 00 Balance ✔ c/d 16 030 00
28 509 00 28 509 00
2013
Sept 01 Balance ✔ b/d 16 030 00
Nominal accounts
Dr Sales N1 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013
Aug 01 Balance b/d ✔ 10 800 00
31 Bank CRJ8 ✔ 6 984 00
✔ 17 784 00
Dr Cost of Sales N2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013
Aug 01 Balance b/d ✔ 7 500 00
31 Trading stock CPJ8 ✔ 4 850 00
✔ 12 350 00
Dr Rent Income N3 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013
Aug 01 Balance b/d ✔ 3 500 00
05 Bank CRJ8 ✔ 750 00
✔ 4 250 00
Dr Stationery N4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013
Aug 01 Balance b/d ✔ 425 00
13 Bank CPJ8 ✔ 91 00
✔ 516 00
(28)
Dr Drawings B2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 3 850 00
22 Bank CPJ4 ✔ 850 00
✔ 4 700 00
Dr Vehicles B3 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 84 065 00
Dr Equipment B4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 51 250 00
04 Bank CPJ4 ✔ 3 560 00
16 Bank CPJ4 ✔ 1 850 00
56 660 00
Dr Trading Stock B5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019 2019
Sep 01 Balance ✔ b/d 4 820 00 Sep 30 Cost of sales ✔ CRJ4 5 329 50
30 Bank ✔ CPJ4 5 638 00 Balance ✔ c/d 5 128 50
10 458 00 10 458 00
2019
Oct 01 Balance ✔ b/d 5 128 50
Dr Bank B6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019 2019
Sep 01 Balance ✔ b/d 25 709 00 Sep 30 Total payments ✔ CPJ4 25 069 00
30 Total receipts ✔ CRJ4 22 177 00 Balance ✔ c/d 22 817 00
47 886 00 47 886 00
2019
Oct 01 Balance ✔ b/d 22 817 00
Dr Cash Float B7 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 400 00
Dr Cost of Sales N2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 13 560 00
30 Trading stock CRJ4 ✔ 5 329 50
✔ 18 889 50
Dr Current Income N3 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 36 130 00
30 Bank CRJ4 ✔ 14 421 00
✔ 50 551 00
Dr Rent Income N4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 1 408 00
30 Bank CRJ4 ✔ 650 00
✔ 2 058 00
Dr Wages N5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 2 410 00
30 Bank CPJ4 ✔ 5 390 00
✔ 7 800 00
Dr Consumable Goods N6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 7 541 00
30 Bank CPJ4 ✔ 1 718 00
✔ 9 259 00
Dr Rent Expense N7 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 9 875 00
02 Bank CPJ4 ✔ 4 950 00
✔ 14 825 00
Dr Telephone N10 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 1 440 00
(47)
4.3 Middle order
Trial Balance of Check-my-figure on 30 September 2019
Balance Sheet accounts Fol. Debit Credit
Capital B1 150 171 00 ✔
Drawings B2 4 700 00 ✔
Vehicles B3 84 065 00 ✔
Equipment B4 56 660 00 ✔
Trading stock B5 5 128 50 ✔
Bank B6 22 817 00 ✔
Cash float B7 400 00 ✔
Nominal accounts ✔
Sales N1 25 186 00 ✔
Cost of sales N2 18 889 50 ✔
Current income N3 50 551 00 ✔
Rent income N4 2 058 00 ✔
Wages N5 7 800 00 ✔
Consumable goods N6 9 259 00 ✔
Rent expense N7 14 825 00 ✔
Stationery N8 767 00 ✔
Water and electricity N9 1 215 00 ✔
Telephone N10 1 440 00 ✔
227 966 00 227 966 00
(18)
Topic 5: The circular flow
Activity 5: Revise the circular flow
5.1 Define the circular flow. (3) Lower order
The circular flow is a model ✔ that describes the movement of
money ✔ through the economy between participants. ✔
5.2 Explain why the circular flow is not an accurate reflection of
economic reality. (4) Middle order
Formal assessment
For information on how to assess learner’s assignments, controlled
tests, case studies and projects, please see Section 3 of this
Teacher’s Guide.
SECTION A
QUESTION 1 [20 marks; 12 minutes]
TASK
Answer the following questions.
1.1 Name the THREE economic systems and explain the main
characteristic of each. (6)
1.2 Name TWO advantages of each economic system. (6)
1.3 Name TWO disadvantages of each economic system. (6)
1.4 Explain what the term global economy means. (2)
[20]
Government
Foreign sector
3.1 Jerry buys a motorcycle for R15 000 and sells it to Tom for
R22 500. How much profit did Jerry make? (2)
3.2 What percentage profit did Jerry make in the above transaction? (2)
3.3 Smurfie puts a 30% mark up on his fruit. He buys oranges at R10
a bag at the Johannesburg fresh fruit and vegetable market. How
much does Smurfie sell the bag of oranges for? (2)
3.4 The hardware store sells paint at a mark-up of 60%. How much
do they buy the paint for if they sell it for R500? (2)
[8]
Trading Stock
Sales
TASK
Enter the transactions in the Cash Receipts Journal and the Cash
Payments Journal. You do not need to close the journals.
[28]
ASSETS EQUITY
Effect Reason Effect Reason
[6]
TOTAL: 100 MARKS
SECTION A
QUESTION 1
1.1 Planned economy: ✔ the government owns, plans and controls all
the economic activities of a country. ✔
Market economy: ✔ in a free market economy, the owners of
private businesses are allowed to manage their businesses as they
wish, to make a profit. ✔
Mixed economy: ✔ the government, as well as people and
businesses, own the land and natural resources. ✔ (6)
1.2 Advantages of a planned economy:
• stable system, since it is a closed system
• government can direct economic resources to specific areas
• government can direct economic resources to where they are
most needed
• looks after the welfare of all the government’s citizens
• more focused on citizens’ welfare than on profit and
growth (any✔✔)
Advantages of a market economy:
• very flexible and adaptable system
• individuals can choose what and how much they want to produce
• consumers have a wide range of products and services to
choose from
• innovation and technological development is rewarded
• good for economic growth because capital flows naturally to
places where it gives the highest returns
• there is economic freedom, so if people work hard they are
rewarded and can improve their lives (any✔✔)
Advantages of a mixed economy:
• combines government and private businesses for good
economic growth
• government works to encourage the economy to grow in
a balanced way so incomes are more equal than in market
economies
• encourages private businesses to make contributions to
citizens’ welfare
• promotes competition, but also protects citizens (any✔✔)
(6)
1.3 Disadvantages of a planned economy:
• can limit economic growth and innovation as there is no
entrepreneurship
• no freedom of choice for consumers
• inflexible system that cannot adapt to change quickly
• there is no incentive for people to do their jobs well
• it is difficult to motivate workers to excel (any ✔✔)
QUESTION 2
2.1 Households own the factors of production, which they sell to
businesses in exchange for money. ✔✔ Businesses use these
factors of production to produce goods and services. ✔✔
Businesses pay the households for the factors of production in
the form of salaries and wages. ✔ The money flows from the
businesses to the households. ✔ Households use the salaries and
wages to purchase goods and services from producers to meet their
needs and desires. ✔ The money flows back to the producers. ✔
(any 4 × 2 = 8)
2.2 Money flows out of the country when goods are imported, ✔
because money that could be spent in our country is now being
spent outside South Africa to buy goods. ✔ The revenue goes to a
different country, not South Africa. (2)
2.3 Salaries (monthly) and wages (weekly) ✔✔; state grants ✔✔
(2 × 2 = 4)
2.4 Households ✔✔ (2)
2.5 Foreign countries help money flow into the economy by buying
goods and services from South Africa. ✔ This means that we
either export goods and services to other countries, or goods and
services ✔ are imported from South Africa over there. Foreign
countries pay for goods and services ✔ and the money flows into
our economy. ✔
(4)
[20]
R7 500
3.2 _______
× 100 = 50% ✔✔
R15 000
130 × 10 = R13 ✔✔
3.3 ____
100
QUESTION 4
General Ledger of Clever Dealers
Balance Sheet accounts
Dr Bank Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014 2014
Mar 31 Total receipts ✔ CRJ ✔✔ 145 000 00 Mar 31 Total payments ✔ CPJ ✔ 71 507 00
Balance c/d ✔ 73 493 00
145 000 00 145 000 00
2014
Apr 01 Balance b/d 73 493✔ 00
(7)
Dr Trading Stock Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014 2014
Mar 31 Bank ✔ CPJ ✔ 51 300 00 Mar 31 Cost of sales ✔ CRJ ✔✔ 28 000 00
Balance c/d ✔ 23 300 00
51 300 00 51 300 00
2014
Apr 01 Balance b/d 23 300✔ 00
(7)
Dr Sales Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014
Mar 31 Bank ✔ CRJ ✔ 42 000 00
(2)
QUESTION 5
Cash Receipts Journal of Deetlefs Stores for March 2014 CRJ3
Doc. Day Details Fol. Analysis of Bank Sales Cost of Sundry accounts
no. receipts sales
Amount Fol. Details
✔
(13)
✔400,00 Stationery ✔
[15]
Mark the two columns together
[28]
[6]
TOTAL: 100 MARKS
Topic
UnitLooking
Discover
1 back,
your looking
strengths
ahead
6
1 Learner’s Book pages 62—64
xx—xx Duration:
Duration 2 hours
Preparation
• Read through the topic and familiarise yourself with the content
that you will need to teach. Think about what learners may
already know about the topics, what skills they already have and
any areas of difficulty that you think they might encounter.
• You should be aware of the differing needs of your learners by
now and learners already know how to record cash transactions in
a CRJ and CPJ. Consider the types of credit transactions learners
will encounter and decide how you are going to explain them to
your learners.
Lesson 3
• Work through the example of Lamond Traders and J Doolan to
explain the recording of receipts in the CRJ. Discuss the steps
again. An invoice for goods sold was issued (entered in the DJ)
and J Doolan received a receipt for part payment of his account
(entered in the CRJ).
• Explain that this is a new transaction for the CRJ, when a debtor
pays his account. They will enter the amount in the Debtors
control column of the CRJ.
• Briefly discuss the term Debtors control account, which is opened
in the General Ledger when credit sales to debtors are entered (from
the DJ) and when payments from debtors are entered (from the
CRJ). The Debtors control account controls all the transactions of
the debtors in the Debtors Ledger. This is covered in Topic 12.
• Do Activities 7.2 and 7.3.
Lesson 5
• Mark and check the previous activities.
• Do Activities 7.6 and 7.7.
Lesson 6
• Mark and check the previous activities.
• Do Activity 7.8.
Lesson 7
• Use this lesson as an opportunity to mark, check and complete the
activities you’ve done during this topic.
• Spend time consolidating this content with learners, especially
those who are struggling. Give stronger learners a chance to do the
extension activity and give input where required.
• Learners must understand this content as it forms the basis for
Topic 12. Once they understand the DJ, it is easier to integrate
the knowledge for the CJ and Creditors control (Topics 13 and 15).
Answers
Activity 7.1
Middle order (8)
Debtors Journal of Trendy Stores for April 2013 DJ4
Doc. Day Debtor Fol. Sales Cost of sales
no.
01 04 G Jezi ✔ 382 80 ✔ 264 00
02 19 S Shumwe ✔ 1 595 00 ✔ 1 100 00
03 24 L Mene ✔ 1 371 70 ✔ 946 00
✔ 3 349 50 ✔ 2 310 00
Note that the Cost of sales has three entries, which added together
equal R2 310 (R264 + R1 100 + R946 = R2 310). This amount must
equal the calculation of the Cost of sales (cost price) of the total of
100 = R2 310).
Sales column (R3 349,50 × ____
145
In this activity the CRJ is added. This is the first activity where
learners do a CRJ and a DJ together. So, they must remember to
allocate transactions to two journals:
• the DJ for all CREDIT SALES (goods sold on credit)
• the CRJ for all RECEIPTS (when a debtor pays his debt).
Point out that Activity 7.2 follows on from Activity 7.1, so the invoice
numbers must follow those of Activity 7.1.
Activity 7.3
Middle order (15)
Choose one of the debtor’s accounts to discuss with learners. Refer to
the debtor’s credit limit and the credit term of 30 days.
Activity 7.5
Middle order (15)
Debtors Journal of Pestana Traders for July 2018 DJ2
Doc. Day Debtor Fol. Sales Cost of sales
no.
04 08 W Dube ✔ 230 00 ✔ 143 75
05 15 E Simpiwe ✔ 550 00 ✔ 343 75
06 31 W Tokani ✔ 820 00 ✔ 512 50
✔ 1 600 00 ✔ 1 000 00 (8)
Activity 7.6
1. Higher order (8)
Activity 7.7
Lower order (10)
Column A Column B
1. Credit ✔ D. Postponed payment
2. National Credit Act ✔ G. Discourages reckless lending
3. Debtors ✔ H. Current assets
4. Cash Receipts Journal F. Subsidiary journal for receipts of a
✔ debtor
5. Duplicate invoice ✔ J. Source document issued to a
debtor for goods sold
6. Granting credit ✔ A. To allow someone credit
7. Debtors Journal ✔ I. Subsidiary journal for sales to
debtors
8. Credit limit ✔ E. The rand value that a client can
spend/buy for
9. Receipts ✔ B. Source document issued to debtor
for payment received
10. Credit term ✔ C. How much time a client has to
repay a debt
Activity 7.8
1. Middle order (50)
Debtors Journal of Sijaji Traders for September 2019 DJ3
Doc. Day Debtor Fol. Sales Cost of sales
no.
113 03 E Trout ✔ 3 920 00 ✔ 3 136 00
114 08 V Sigingiqi ✔ 2 404 00 ✔ 1 923 20
115 12 E Trout ✔ 4 568 00 ✔ 3 654 40
116 16 S Sophi ✔ 1 900 00 ✔ 1 520 00
117 24 V Sigingiqi ✔ 3 860 00 ✔ 3 088 00
118 27 S Sophi ✔ 2 750 00 ✔ 2 200 00
✔ ✔ 19 402 00 ✔ 15 521 60 (15)
For information
Consolidation
on Informal Read the keywords, which would form part of a transaction, and
assessment, refer to decide in which journal each entry would appear. You must be
the self-assessment, able to distinguish between the DJ (credit sales), CRJ (receipts)
peer assessment and and the CPJ (payments).
group assessment
No. Keyword(s) Journal
templates in
Section 5 of this 1. Receipt issued CRJ
Teacher’s Guide. 2. Paid debt (to the business) CRJ
3. Cashed cheque CPJ
4. Invoice issued DJ
5. Payment; cheque issued CPJ
6. Purchased goods and paid CPJ
7. Paid by cheque CPJ
8. Cash sales; according to cash register roll CRJ
9. Merchandise sold on credit DJ
10. Settlement of an account CRJ
11. Sold merchandise for cash CRJ
12. Sold goods on credit DJ
13. Bought a computer and paid CPJ
14. Merchandise sold for cash CRJ
15. Received; in payment of an account CRJ
16. Received rent payment CRJ
Extension
Read through the transactions of Sports Wholesalers below and
record ONLY those that are applicable to the Debtors Journal and
Cash Receipts Journal for March 2012. Don’t close off the journals.
Sports Wholesalers trades in sports equipment and uses a mark-up of
80% on cost price.
Notes:
• Remember to exclude transactions that don’t belong in the DJ
and CRJ.
• It is considered unethical business practice to have a high mark-up
precentage. It is only used here for ease of calculation.
Resources
This topic requires learners to become familiar with drawing the
demand and supply curves, so you may want to get lots of large
newsprint sheets so they can practise their skills.
Find local examples to illustrate the change in prices of goods and
services according to supply and demand in your area, using the
examples in the Learner’s Book as a guide.
Source news articles from magazines, the Internet and newspapers
about price changes, supply and demand. You could also find adverts
for seasonal goods and services and discuss how the prices of these
goods change at different times of the year such as heaters in winter;
fans in summer; tyre and car service prices around school holidays and
accommodation prices around the festive season. Ask the learners to bring
their own examples to class as well. Display them on a noticeboard.
Gather old newspapers and magazines that the learners can use to
source articles and adverts about supply and demand.
Preparation
• Read through the topic and familiarise yourself with the content
that you will need to teach. Think about what learners may
already know about the topics, what skills they already have and
any areas of difficulty that you think they might encounter.
• Learners may struggle with this content and you run the risk of
confusing them if you are not absolutely sure of your facts when you
teach. It is critical that you are familiar with the content and with
drawing supply and demand curves before you teach this topic.
You will need to be confident and authoritative in your teaching.
Lesson 2
• Use the text on page 80 and the photograph in Figure 8.1 of the
Learner’s Book as a starting point for your discussion about price
theory.
• Ask learners to give some more examples of price changes in
response to demand for goods and services. Ask them to look out
over the next few weeks for adverts and articles about this and to
bring them to class.
• Work through the text in the Learner’s Book page 81 that defines
demand and the law of demand.
• If the learners have brought their own examples of articles and
adverts showing demand to class, discuss them. If you have old
newspapers or magazines that they can use, hand them out and let
them search for examples to discuss.
• If you have time, start introducing the demand curve.
Lesson 3
• Recap demand and the law of demand.
• Explain that economists use graphs to show the relationship
between demand, supply and price and that these graphs help us
to understand how businesses price goods and services.
• Work through the demand curve in Figure 8.2 of the Learner’s
Book with the learners. It may be easier for them to understand if
you draw the graph on the board or on a large sheet of newsprint,
teaching the elements as you draw them in.
• Analyse the demand curve using the points below Figure 8.2 in
the Learner’s Book page 82.
• Work through the cellphone example in Figure 8.3 of the
Learner’s Book.
• Teach the learners how to read data off the curve using the text
below Figure 8.3 in the Learner’s Book.
Lesson 4
• Recap demand, the law of demand and the demand curve.
• Give the learners some newsprint sheets and divide them into
groups. Ask them to draw a demand curve using units and
quantities that you give them.
• Ask the learners if, in the light of what they know about demand,
they can guess what supply is and how supply and price would be
related.
• Use the text and the illustrations in Figure 8.4 of the Learner’s
Book to teach supply and how supply influences prices.
• Ask the learners what they think would happen if supply is greater
than demand and if demand is greater than supply.
• Ask the learners if they can work out what the law of supply is,
knowing what they know about the law of demand.
• Explain the law of supply.
Lesson 5
• Use the graph in Figure 8.5 of the Learner’s Book to teach
the supply curve, using the same method as you used to teach
the demand curve. Draw the graph on the board or a sheet of
newsprint, explaining its elements as you draw them in.
• Analyse the supply curve using the points below Figure 8.5 in the
Learner’s Book pages 84–85.
• Work through the cellphone example in Figure 8.6 of the
Learner’s Book.
• Teach the learners how to read data off the curve using the text
below Figure 8.6 in the Learner’s Book page 85.
• If there is time, use one of your own supply curve examples to
reinforce your teaching.
• Do Activity 8.2.
• Allow time for the learners to complete this activity in class.
Lesson 6
• Recap demand, supply, the laws of demand and supply and the
demand and supply curves.
• You may want to leave some examples of demand and supply
curves visible on the classroom wall for a few weeks so that
learners can refer to them at any time during your teaching.
• Remind the learners that these curves form part of price theory.
Then teach the equilibrium price of a product.
• Using Figure 8.7 of the Learner’s Book, teach learners how to find
the equilibrium price and quantity using a graph.
• Work through Figure 8.8 of the Learner’s Book, showing the
equilibrium price and quantity for the cellphone example. Analyse
the graph using the points below Figure 8.8 in the Learner’s Book.
Lesson 7
• Recap equilibrium price and quantity, change in quantity
demanded and change in quantity supplied by revising the graphs
you taught in Lesson 6 to ensure progression.
• Do Activity 8.4.
• Continue by teaching increase and decrease in demand. Use
Figure 8.11 in the Learner’s Book to show what happens to the
demand curve when there is an increase and decrease in demand.
• Link the concepts of an increase or decrease in demand and an
increase or decrease in supply. Ask learners what they think will
happen to the supply curve if supply increases or decreases.
• Using Figure 8.12 in the Learner’s Book, teach the supply curve
shift that happens in response to an increase or decrease in supply.
• Do Activities 8.5 and 8.6.
• Allow time for the learners to complete these activites in class so
that you can help them if they get stuck.
Answers
Activity 8.1
Middle order (10)
Learners’ graphs should look like this:
y
R2 500
P2
R2 000
Price
R1 500
R1 000
R500
P1
x
15 000 30 000 45 000 60 000
Quantity
R2 000
Price
R1 500
R1 000
R500
P1
x
15 000 30 000 45 000 60 000
Quantity
R10
Price in
R8
Rand
R6
R4
x
200 400 600 800 1000
Quantity
Activity 8.4
1.–2.: Middle order (32)
1. a. Learners’ graphs should look like this:
y
R5 000
R4 500
Price
R4 000
R3 500
R3 000
Demand (D)
x
1 000 2 000 3 000 4 000 5 000
Quantity
R4 500
Price
R4 000
R3 500
R3 000
x
1 000 2 000 3 000 4 000 5 000
Quantity
Price (R)
P2
D2
D1
x
Q1 Q2
Quantity
y S2
S1
Price (R)
P2
x
Q2 Q1
Quantity
Activity 8.6
1. Lower order (1)
Changes in the quantity that consumers demand are always
caused by a change in price. ✔
2. Middle order (13)
A change in quantity demanded causes movements up or down
the demand curve. ✔ Learners draw a rough diagram such as the
one in Figure 8.9 of the Learner’s Book to illustrate this.
Award marks as follows:
• Two marks for the correct placement of and units on the
x-axis
• Two marks for the correct placement of and units on the
y-axis
• Two marks for the correct demand curve
• Four marks for the plotting lines correctly shown
• Two marks for the arrows showing the slope of the demand
curve (12)
3. Lower order (1)
Changes in the quantity that producers supply are always caused
by a change in price. ✔
4. Middle order (13)
A change in quantity supplied causes movements up and down
the supply curve. ✔ Learners draw a rough diagram such as the
one in Figure 8.10 of the Learner’s Book to illustrate this.
Award marks as follows:
• Two marks for the correct placement of and units on the
x-axis
• Two marks for the correct placement of and units on the
y-axis
• Two marks for the correct supply curve
• Four marks for the plotting lines correctly shown
• Two marks for the arrows showing the slope of the supply
curve (12)
5. Higher order (29)
The demand and supply curves shift. ✔ Learners draw rough
diagrams such as Figures 8.11 and 8.12 of the Learner’s Book to
illustrate these shifts. Award marks for these graphs as per Activity
8.5, Questions 1 and 2 (14 + 14 = 28).
Consolidation
For information
on Informal • Explain price theory.
assessment, refer to Price theory is the economic theory that states that the price of
the self-assessment, goods and services depends on the relationship between their
peer assessment and supply and their demand.
group assessment • State the laws of demand and supply.
templates in
Section 5 of this
The law of demand is a law in economics that states that
consumers buy more of a good or service when its price goes
Teacher’s Guide.
down, and less of a good or service when its price goes up.
Another way of explaining the law of demand is as follows: if the
supply of a good or service does not change, when demand goes
up price increases and when demand goes down price decreases.
The law of supply is a law that states that if demand stays the
same, when supply of a good or service increases its price drops,
and when supply of a good or service decreases its price goes up.
• Define equilibrium price.
Equilibrium price is the price of a product when demand
equals supply.
Extension
• Draw a supply and demand curve using the following
information and determine the equilibrium price and
quantity of skateboards.
R600
Price in
R450
Rand
R300
R150
Quantity x
The equilibrium price is R450 and the equilibrium quantity is 900.
Formal assessment
For information on Formal Assessment Task 2: Data response and on
how to assess learner’s assignments, controlled tests, case studies
and projects, please see Section 3 of this Teacher’s Guide.
Topic
UnitSectors
1 of the economy
9 Learner’s Book pages 95—105 Duration: 4 hours
Make a list of some of the local businesses in your area and note
whether they are in the primary, secondary or tertiary sectors. Using
Preparation
• Read through the topic and familiarise yourself with the content
that you will need to teach. Think about what learners may
already know about the topics, what skills they already have and
any areas of difficulty that you think they might encounter.
• Revise what you have already taught the learners about the
primary, secondary and tertiary sectors and sustainable resource
use in Grade 8.
Lesson 8
• Start by recapping what the learners remember about the primary,
secondary and tertiary sectors from Grade 8, using the photos and
class discussion questions in the Learner’s Book page 95.
• You may want to use a class quiz to do this. Alternatively, allow
the learners to have a ten-minute group discussion about the three
sectors and to prepare some notes about what they remember to
present to the class.
Lesson 9
• Recap the three sectors and their interrelationship.
• Do Activity 9.2.
• Allow time for the learners to complete this activity in class and to
report back in their groups.
• Recap what the learners know about sustainable resource use,
renewable resources and non-renewable resources.
• Work through the text on sustainable use of resources in the three
sectors in the Learner’s Book page 102.
• Ask the learners if they know which sector most of the money
comes from in developed and developing countries. Ask them to
explain their answers. Use your own resources to discuss this.
• Work through the text on the role of the three sectors in the
economy in the Learner’s Book page 103.
• Ask the learners to name some of the jobs they know something
about. Write the list on the board. With the learners’ input,
classify the jobs according to the level of skills the learners think
people need to do each job.
• Use this classification and your own examples as a starting point
for teaching skilled, unskilled and semi-skilled labour.
• Work through the text in the Learner’s Book pages 103—105 on
the types of skills required in each sector and the levels of skills
that each sector requires.
• Do Activity 9.3.
• Allow time for the learners to start this activity in class and plan
their research and report-writing as homework.
Activity 9.2
1.–3.: Middle and Higher order (25)
There are two components to this activity: the group discussion and
the class presentation. Ensure that the learners discuss Question 2
creatively and critically. They should show evidence that they can
integrate and apply what they have learnt to their real-life experiences.
Encourage the groups to think of creative ways of portraying their
presentation information.
Learners recall what they discussed in Activity 9.1 about the
relationships between the businesses in different sectors in their area.
They apply this to their own lives. For example, in Question 2 learners
could say the following: If the wheat industry in the area collapsed
because the wheat crop failed due to drought, ✔ the commercial
farmers would not be able to continue financially. ✔ The price of
wheat would go up because it would be scarce, ✔ so Bokomo Foods
would have to pay a lot more for its production inputs. ✔ This
Activity 9.3
1.–2.: Higher order; 3. Middle order (15)
Learners refer to their work in Activity 9.1 and do independent
research, which they then correlate with their partners’ research to
prepare a short report.
Learners progress through Activities 9.1 and 9.2 and build on their
knowledge to research how skilled the labour is in different businesses
from different sectors. They focus on any two businesses that they
discussed in Activity 9.1. Make sure that this decision is democratic
and that dominant learners do not insist on researching their own
choices. They use the media centre; local library; Internet or local
universities and colleges or the school’s career guidance advisor to do
their research. Their research does not have to be exhaustive – they
are not aiming to find out exactly what they need to study and how
they need to qualify to work in the positions. They just need to assess
what the work entails and what skill level it requires. For example, a
commercial wheat farm requires high skill and expertise levels to plan
the farm’s operations and to determine when to plant and harvest.
There is also specialised equipment that needs operating and high-end
analysis of soil chemistry to be done. However, farm workers who
need to plough the fields to prepare for planting do not need to be as
skilled as the farm’s specialists.
Rubric
Extension
Describe the connection between standard of living and the
tertiary sector.
The tertiary sector plays a larger role in the economies of developed
countries than in developing countries. This is because the standard
of living is higher in developed countries, so people can afford services
such as entertainment, tourism and media. In developing countries
where the standard of living is lower, many of the services in the
tertiary sector, such as restaurants, holiday accommodation, financial
services and entertainment are an unaffordable luxury.
(10)
(67)
(23)
Formal assessment
For information on how to assess learners’ assignments, controlled
tests, examinations, case studies and projects, please see Section 3
of this Teacher’s Guide.
QUESTION 2
2.1 True ✔✔
2.2 True ✔✔ (4)
QUESTION 3
Factor Demand Supply Price
e.g.: If a popular pop star Increases Increases Increases
dies, how will this affect
the market for his CDs?
3.1 Summer clothes are Decreases Decreases Decreases
sold at the end of the ✔ ✔ ✔
summer.
3.2 A large clothing store Increases Decreases Decreases
has a summer sale. ✔ ✔ ✔
3.3 It starts raining during Increases ✔ Increases ✔ Increases ✔
a Saturday outdoor market
day sale. How does this
affect the market for
umbrellas?
3.4 An extra supplier starts Remains Increases Decreases
selling umbrellas at the constant ✔ ✔ ✔
outdoor market day.
(12)
QUESTION 4
4.1 Primary sector:✔✔uses land and natural resources as raw
materials ✔✔
Secondary sector:✔✔uses raw materials from the primary sector
to process or manufacture things people can use ✔✔
Tertiary sector:✔✔offers services to the public ✔✔ (12)
4.2 Primary sector: mining, farming, forestry, fishing ✔✔
(any 1 × 2 = 2)
Secondary sector: clothing manufacturers, car factories,
construction ✔✔ (any 1 × 2 = 2)
Tertiary sector: hospitals, schools, transportation services,
entertainment services ✔✔ (any 1 × 2 = 2)
(6)
[18]
(21)
QUESTION 6
Trial Balance of Rice Krispie Dealers on 31 October 2014
Balance Sheet accounts Fol. Debit Credit
Capital B1 ✔✔52 021
Drawings B2 ✔150
Equipment B3 ✔1 875
Vehicles B4 ✔12 500
Trading stock B5 ✔6 205
Bank B6 ✔23 802
Cash float B7 ✔50
Nominal accounts
Sales N1 ✔10 788
Cost of sales N2 ✔✔8 091
Salaries N3 ✔2 760
Wages N4 ✔4 510
Trading licence N5 ✔100
Rent expense N6 ✔2 400
Insurance N7 ✔80
Stationery N8 ✔286
62 809 62 809
(17)
(9)
Topic
UnitLooking
Discover
1 back,
your looking
strengths
ahead
10
1 Learner’s Book pages 116—119
xx—xx Duration:
Duration 2 hours
You will need old newspapers or Internet access for the learners for
Activity 11.1. This activity will also require materials for the learners
to make scrapbooks – large sheets of newsprint, pairs of scissors and
glue, and paint or coloured pencils if available.
Preparation
• Read through the topic and familiarise yourself with the content
that you will need to teach. Think about what learners may
already know about the topics, what skills they already have and
any areas of difficulty that you think they might encounter.
• Gather your resources and plan how you will integrate them into
your teaching.
• Familiarise yourself with how a debate works for Activity 11.2,
if you do not know. If your school has a debating society, talk
to the teacher who runs it and find out about how to hold a
successful debate.
Lesson 2
• Introduce the concept of trade unions by discussing your school’s
elected student council and what it does for learners. Link this to
the concept of trade unions and what they do for workers.
• Use one of your news articles about or photos of a recent strike,
preferably in your area, to continue the discussion on what trade
unions are. Show some pamphlets that you have collected from
trade union offices; pass them around so that the learners can look
at them and discuss them.
• Work through the text in the Learner’s Book page 121.
• Do Activity 11.1.
• Learners use class time to plan how they will find and speak to
trade union members and come up with ideas for their scrapbook
presentations.
• Set learners the homework task of finding and talking to a trade
union member before the next class.
Lesson 3
• Give learners some more time in class to work on Activity 11.1.
What they do not finish they need to complete for homework.
• Work through the text and timeline (Figure 11.4) in the Learner’s
Book page 123 showing the history of trade unions. Discuss the
history of trade unions using the photos in Figures 11.3 and 11.5
in the Learner’s Book.
Lesson 4
• In this lesson, ask learners to think about the discussions they had
while doing Activity 11.2 in Lesson 3.
• Working as a class, have an informal debate/discussion about the
following two opposing points of view:
1. Labour law should protect workers enough for trade unions
not to be necessary. Trade unions are bad for the economy
because when they organise strikes, the country loses millions
of rands.
2. Trade unions are an essential part of labour law. Economic
growth can never be more important than workers’ rights.
• Conclude the discussion by encouraging the class to reach an
agreement.
Lesson 5
• Ask the learners to suggest some ways in which trade unions affect
businesses. Use your resources to supplement this discussion.
• Work through the text on the effects of trade unions on
businesses. Use your LRA, CCMA and SA Constitution resources
to supplement your teaching.
• Recap sustainable growth and development, then teach this
content in the Learner’s Book pages 127–128.
• Do Activity 11.3.
• Set this activity as homework if there is not enough time to
supervise it during class time.
Answers
Activity 11.1
1. Lower order (2)
Cosatu is the Congress of South African Trade Unions, ✔
a federation of many of the trade unions in South Africa. ✔
2. Middle order (5)
A trade union negotiates with employers for their members. ✔
A trade union is controlled, run and paid for by its members. ✔
Trade unions negotiate with employers to get the best deal for
their members ✔ in terms of hiring, firing, wages and working
conditions. ✔ They are organisations of workers that protect the
rights and promote the interests of their members. ✔
Activity 11.2
1. Higher order (8)
Learners’ answers should make the following connections: In
developing countries, economies depend largely on the primary
sector. ✔ Many workers in this sector are unskilled or semi-
skilled. ✔ This means that they are easier to exploit. ✔ In South
Africa, the mining industry and the apartheid government
exploited mineworkers to enrich the country. ✔ These workers
had no political or economic rights. ✔ Trade unions empower
workers and help them to avoid being exploited ✔ by employers
who have more power than workers. ✔ This means that all of the
participants in the economy benefit from economic activity, and
not just employers. ✔
2. Middle order (14)
Learners’ tables should look like this:
Trade union roles Trade union responsibilities
Organise industrial action ✔ Negotiate with employers to
improve working conditions ✔
Negotiate with employers Try to attract new trade union
through collective bargaining to members ✔
improve working conditions ✔
Work to get the government to Not force anyone into joining a
pass laws that will improve their trade union ✔
members’ lives ✔
Provide professional training, Make decisions based on a
legal advice and legal secret vote by all their members
representation for their ✔
members ✔
Represent workers’ interests Ensure that industrial action is
during disputes with employers lawful and peaceful ✔
✔
Activity 11.3
1. Higher order (8)
Learners give their own examples. They mention that trade unions
make for an educated workforce ✔ that is respected and encouraged
to improve its skills. ✔ They ensure healthy dialogue between
workers and employers ✔ in an environment where the rights of
employers and employees are protected by law. ✔ By protecting
the rights of employers and employees, trade unions contribute to
sustainable growth and development. ✔ A business that exploits its
workers is not growing and developing sustainably. ✔ A business
that respects its workers and develops their skills ✔ is creating a
climate for sustainable growth and development. ✔
2. Middle order (16)
Learners mention the following: Trade unions have the potential
to have great effects on businesses. ✔ To know what these
effects are, businesses need to be familiar with the LRA and the
Constitution of South Africa. ✔ This legislation gives workers and
their unions the right to:
• Form, join and take part in a trade union ✔
• Settle disagreements with their employers through an
independent third party, the CCMA. The CCMA is an official
and independent group of people from the government,
organised business and organised labour ✔
• at the workplace for union reasons ✔
Be
• Elect trade union representatives at the workplace ✔
• Take time off for union activities ✔
• Access information for collective bargaining purposes ✔
• Strike, although not all strikes are protected by the Act. ✔
These trade union rights help to guide businesses and employees
in labour relations. ✔ The LRA makes labour legislation in South
Africa consistent with the International Labour Organisation’s
(ILO) international labour laws. ✔ Businesses need to ensure they
accommodate trade unions. ✔ So, they need to know about:
• Collective bargaining: A process that workers and businesses
use to negotiate about working conditions ✔
• Workplace forums: Employee forums that give employees a
say in how a business is run ✔
• Industrial action ✔
• Disciplinary action, including disputes and dismissals. ✔
Formal assessment
For information on Formal Assessment Task 3: Project and on how
to assess learner’s assignments, controlled tests, case studies and
projects, please see Section 3 of this Teacher’s Guide.
Preparation
• Read through the topic and familiarise yourself with the content
that you will need to teach. Think about what learners may
already know about the topics, what skills they already have and
any areas of difficulty that you think they might encounter.
• The learners already know how to record transactions in a CRJ
and DJ. They also know how to post Journals to the General
Ledger. However, the three-column ledger will be new to them.
This may be challenging for them to master and you need to
consider how you plan to explain it.
1. Selling price
Debtors Control Sales
The Asset increased and the The Owner’s equity increased
debtor’s account increased by by the selling price of the
the debt incurred goods
2. Cost price
Cost of Sales Trading Stock
The Owner’s equity decreased The Asset decreased because
by the cost price of the goods the stock decreased
Lesson 3
• Mark and check Activity 12.1.
• Review the Debtors Ledger and emphasise where we get the
information from:
Lesson 4
• Mark and check Activity 12.2.
• Do Activity 12.3.
• It is difficult to explain an account like Trading Stock with only
half the information. Goods have been sold, but not yet bought,
so where do the goods come from? So, in this activity, two half-
completed accounts have been added to do the Trading Stock
account in full, with entries from the CPJ (cash purchases), the
CRJ (the cost price of goods sold for cash) and the DJ (the cost
price of goods sold on credit).
• The Trading Stock and Debtors Control accounts are key accounts
and the relationship between them must be clearly understood.
Write the following on the board and explain the two accounts
to learners or use a specific figure in the activity and ask them to
explain what the figure means. Sometimes if learners understand it
in this way, the content becomes more real to them.
Dr Trading Stock Cr
Balance (stock left over from previous Cost of sales CRJ (cost price of goods sold
month) for cash)
Bank CPJ (stock purchased for cash) Cost of sales DJ (cost price of goods sold for
credit)
Balance (stock left over for this month)
Dr Debtors Control Cr
Balance (amount owed by debtors from Bank CRJ (cash received from debtors
previous month) in payment of their accounts)
Sales DJ (credit sales to debtors) Balance (amount owed by debtors at the
end of the month)
Answers
Activity 12.1
Cash Receipts Journal of The Scribble Shoppe for June 2012 CRJ6
Doc. Day Details Fol. Analysis of Bank Sales Cost of Debtors Sundry accounts
no. receipts sales control
Amount Fol. Details
401 01 P Theron ✔200 000 00 ✔200 000 00 B1✔ Capital✔
A Fieties D2
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (+) Credit (–) Balance
2012
Jun 01 Account rendered ✔ 4 000 00
03 Invoice no. 982 ✔ DJ6 ✔ 6 000 00 10 000 00
05 Receipt no. 403 ✔ CRJ6 ✔ 4 000 00 6 000 00
19 Invoice no. 984 ✔ DJ6 ✔ 1 600 00 7 600 00
25 Receipt no. 406 ✔ CRJ6 ✔ 6 000 00 ✔ 1 600 00 (10)
H Mojalefa D3
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (+) Credit (–) Balance
2012
Jun 01 Account rendered ✔ 7 200 00
06 Invoice no. 983 ✔ DJ6 ✔ 1 400 00 ✔ 8 600 00 (4)
Dr Debtors Control B3 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012 2012
Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 13 440 00 Jun 30 Bank ✔ CRJ6 ✔ 14 640 00
30 Sales ✔ DJ6 ✔ 11 400 00 Balance ✔ c/d 10 200 00
24 840 00 24 840 00
2012
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 10 200 00 (7)
Dr Bank B4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 51 668 00
30 Total receipts ✔ CRJ6 ✔ 228 440 00 (3)
Nominal accounts
Dr Sales N1 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 57 221 25
30 Bank ✔ CRJ6 ✔ 7 600 00
Debtors control ✔ DJ6 ✔ 11 400 00
✔ 76 221 25 (6)
Dr Cost of Sales N2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 45 777 00
30 Trading stock ✔ CRJ6 ✔ 6 080 00
Trading stock ✔ DJ6 ✔ 9 120 00
✔ 60 977 00 (6)
Dr Current Income N3 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 13 442 00
29 Bank ✔ CRJ6 ✔ 3 000 00
✔ 16 442 00 (4)
Dr Rent Income N4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 9 400 00
17 Bank ✔ CRJ6 ✔ 3 200 00
✔ 12 600 00 (4)
D Nyathi D2
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (+) Credit (–) Balance
2015
Jul 01 Account rendered ✔ 6 240 00
03 Receipt no. 161 ✔ CRJ7 ✔ 6 240 00 0 00
18 Invoice no. 296 ✔ DJ7 ✔ 4 440 00 4 440 00
30 Invoice no. 298 ✔ DJ7 ✔ 2 250 00 6 690 00
31 Receipt no. 166 ✔ CRJ7 ✔ 6 690 00 ✔ 0 00 (10)
N Mapetla D3
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (+) Credit (–) Balance
2015
Jul 01 Account rendered ✔ 5 160 00
07 Invoice no. 295 ✔ DJ7 ✔ 3 840 00 9 000 00
18 Invoice no. 297 ✔ DJ7 ✔ 2 580 00 ✔ 11 580 00 (6)
Dr Trading Stock B2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2015 2015
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 51 780 00 Jul 31 Cost of sales ✔ CRJ7 ✔ 70 200 00
Cost of sales ✔ DJ7 ✔ 13 325 00 (5)
Dr Debtors Control B3 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2015 2015
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 15 120 00 Jul 31 Bank ✔ CRJ7 ✔ 14 370 00
31 Sales ✔ DJ7 ✔ 15 990 00 Balance c/d ✔ 16 740 00
31 110 00 31 110 00
2015
Aug 01 Balance b/d ✔ 16 740 00 (7)
Nominal accounts
Dr Sales N1 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2015
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 41 400 00
31 Bank ✔ CRJ7 ✔ 84 240 00
Debtors control ✔ DJ7 ✔ 15 990 00 (5)
Dr Cost of Sales N2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2015
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 34 500 00
31 Trading stock ✔ CRJ7 ✔ 70 200 00
Trading stock ✔ DJ7 ✔ 13 325 00 (5)
Dr Rent Income N3 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2015
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 7 200 00
24 Bank ✔ CRJ7 ✔ 3 600 00 (3)
Activity 12.3
1. a.–b. Middle order (37)
Debtors Journal of Dilbert Traders for January 2017 DJ1
Doc. Day Debtor Fol. Sales Cost of sales
no.
506 02 B Ferreira D1 ✔ 2 160 00 ✔ 1 800 00
507 07 B Ferreira D1 ✔ 960 00 ✔ 800 00
508 19 J de Lange D2 ✔ 312 00 ✔ 260 00
509 27 J de Lange D2 ✔ 864 00 ✔ 720 00
510 B Ferreira D1 ✔ 744 00 ✔ 620 00
✔ 5 040 00 ✔ 4 200 00 (12)
B6/N1 N2/B5
CRR Sales ✔15 000 00 ✔16 984 00 ✔15 000 00 ✔12 500 00
J de Lange D2
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (+) Credit (–) Balance
2017
Jan 01 Account rendered ✔ 14 838 00
07 Receipt no. 302 ✔ CRJ1 ✔ 1 408 00 13 430 00
19 Invoice no. 508 ✔ DJ1 ✔ 312 00 13 742 00
24 Receipt no. 303 ✔ CRJ1 ✔ 1 984 00 11 758 00
27 Invoice no. 509 ✔ DJ1 ✔ 864 00 ✔ 12 622 00 (10)
D Gifford D3
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (+) Credit (–) Balance
2017
Jan 01 Account rendered ✔ 15 522 00 (1)
Dr Debtors Control b6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017 2017
Jan 01 Balance b/d ✔ 33 600 00 Jan 31 Bank ✔ CRJ1 ✔ 10 496 00
31 Sales ✔ DJ1 ✔ 5 040 00 Balance ✔ c/d 28 144 00
38 640 00 38 640 00
2017
Feb 01 Balance b/d ✔ 28 144 00 (7)
Nominal accounts
Dr Sales n1 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017
Jan 01 Balance b/d ✔ 241 200 00
31 Bank ✔ CRJ1 ✔ 59 640 00
Debtors control ✔ DJ1 ✔ 5 040 00
✔ 305 880 00 (6)
Dr Cost of Sales n2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017
Jan 01 Balance b/d ✔ 201 000 00
31 Trading stock ✔ CRJ1 ✔ 49 700 00
Trading stock ✔ DJ1 ✔ 4 200 00
✔ 254 900 00 (6)
B7 N1 N2/B5 B6✔
Dr Trading Stock b5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2020 2020
Dec 01 Balance b/d ✔ 95 670 00 Dec 31 Cost of sales ✔ CRJ12 ✔ 29 742 85
31 Bank ✔ CPJ12 ✔ 101 400 00 Cost of sales ✔ DJ12 ✔ 69 428 57
Balance c/d ✔ 97 898 58
197 070 00 197 070 00
2021
Jan 01 Balance b/d ✔ 97 898 58 (9)
Dr Debtors Control b6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2020 ✔ 139 2020
Dec 01 Balance b/d 200 00 Dec 31 Bank ✔ CRJ12 ✔ 126 000 00
31 Sales ✔ DJ12 ✔ 97 200 00 Balance c/d ✔ 110 400 00
236 400 00 236 400 00
2021
Jan 01 Balance b/d ✔ 110 400 00 (7)
Nominal accounts
Dr Sales n1 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2020
Dec 01 Balance b/d ✔ 113 484 00
31 Bank ✔ CRJ12 ✔ 41 640 00
Debtors control ✔ DJ12 ✔ 97 200 00
✔ 252 324 00 (6)
Dr Cost of Sales n2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2020
Dec 01 Balance b/d ✔ 81 060 00
31 Trading stock ✔ CRJ12 ✔ 29 742 85
Trading stock ✔ DJ12 ✔ 69 428 57
✔ 180 231 42 (6)
Dr Rent Income n3 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2020
Dec 01 Balance b/d ✔ 12 000 00
15 Bank ✔ CRJ12 ✔ 36 000 00
✔ 48 000 00 (4)
Dr Wages n4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2020
Dec 01 Balance b/d ✔ 4 500 00
31 Bank ✔ CPJ12 ✔ 3 000 00
✔ 7 500 00 (4)
Dr Stationery n5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2020
Dec 01 Balance b/d ✔ 465 00
31 Bank ✔ CPJ12 ✔ 4 800 00
✔ 5 265 00 (4)
A Andani D2
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (+) Credit (–) Balance
2020
Dec 01 Account rendered ✔ 45 000 00
S Miba D3
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (+) Credit (–) Balance
2020
Dec 01 Account rendered ✔ 91 800 00
Activity 12.5
Middle and Higher order (44)
The learners must do a few calculations beforehand. You can help
them with the calculations or ask them to work on their own.
Calculations:
Debtors control = K Barlow + E Jones = R10 812 + R8 415 = R19 227
profit
Profit margin = ________
× 100 (use the balance amounts)
cost price
(145 095 – 116 076)
= _________________
× 100 = 25%
116 076
100 = R32 762,40
Cost of sales (in DJ) = R40 953 × ____
125
Sales (in CRJ) = R3 947 706 – R12 750 – R3 574 080 = R360 876
Dr Debtors Control b8 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2015 2015
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔✔ 19 227 00 Mar 31 Bank ✔ CRJ3 ✔ 12 750 00
31 Sales ✔ DJ3 ✔ 40 953 00 Balance c/d ✔ 47 430 00
60 180 00 60 180 00
2015
Apr 01 Balance b/d ✔ 47 430 00 (8)
Dr Bank b9 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2015 2015
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 208 437 00 Mar 31 Total payments ✔ CPJ3 ✔✔ 441 456 00
31 Total receipts ✔ CRJ3 ✔ 3 947 706 00 Balance c/d ✔ 3 714 687 00
4 156 143 00 4 156 143 00
2015
Apr 01 Balance b/d ✔ 3 714 687 00 (8)
Nominal accounts
Dr Sales n1 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2015
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 145 095 00
31 Debtors control ✔ DJ3 ✔ 40 953 00
Bank ✔ CRJ3 ✔✔ 360 876 00
✔ 546 924 00 (7)
Dr Cost of Sales n2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2015
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 116 076 00
31 Trading stock ✔ CRJ3 ✔ 288 700 00
Trading stock ✔ DJ3 ✔ 32 762 40
✔ 437 538 40 (6)
Activity 12.6
Middle order (15)
Learners record the transactions directly into the Debtors Ledger,
instead of posting them from the CRJ and DJ. Pay attention to the
last transaction. It must not be entered in F Gabu’s account, because
he has already paid for it.
Activity 12.7
Middle order (50)
Day Source Account Account Assets Owner’s Equity
document debited credited Effect Reason Effect Reason
1. Deposit slip Bank ✔ Capital ✔ ✔ +100 000 Cash ✔ +100 000 Owner’s
(duplicate) increases ✔ capital
✔ contribution
✔ (7)
2. Invoice Debtors Sales ✔ ✔ +7 440 Debtors ✔ +1 860 Profit
(duplicate) ✔ control ✔ increase ✔ earned ✔
Cost of Trading ✔ —5 580 Trading
sales ✔ stock ✔ stock
decreases ✔ (11)
3. Receipt Bank ✔ Rent ✔ +7 000 Cash ✔ +7 000 Rent income
(duplicate) ✔ income ✔ increases ✔ ✔
4. Cheque Stationery Bank ✔ ✔ —1 908 Cash ✔ —1 908 Stationery —
(7)
counterfoil ✔ ✔ decreases ✔ expense ✔ (7)
5. Cash Bank ✔ Sales ✔ ✔ +19 012 Cash ✔ +5 432 Profit
register roll ✔ increases ✔ earned ✔
Cost of Trading ✔ —13 580 Trading
sales ✔ stock ✔ stock
decreases ✔ (11)
6. Receipt Bank ✔ Debtors ✔ +11 856 Cash
(duplicate) ✔ control ✔ increases ✔
✔ —11 856 Debtors
decrease ✔ (7)
Consolidation
C Nel is the owner of Reitsma Traders. The business sells goods at
cost price + 30%.
Duplicate receipts:
Date Details
02 No. 555 to S Moore as part-settlement of his account: R8 136
07 No. 556 to C Nel as capital contribution: R17 200
15 No. 557 to M Gama as part-settlement of his account: R1 768
Cheque counterfoils:
No. Date To For Amount
7441 04 Drakenstein Water and electricity R1 280
Municipality
7442 09 Cash Wages R16 492
7443 17 Circle Stationers Stationery R680
7444 24 Anahita Ltd. Trading stock R12 800
7445 28 C Nel Drawings R5 200
Required
Record the transactions in the following subsidiary books:
1. Debtors Journal for December 2014
2. Cash Receipts Journal for December 2014 with columns for
Analysis of receipts, Bank, Sales, Cost of sales, Debtors control
and Sundry accounts.
Hint: There are two source documents involved with the CRJ.
Make sure to record them in date order.
3. Cash Payments Journal for December 2014 with columns for
Bank, Trading stock, Stationery, Wages and Sundry accounts.
4. Post the journals to the debtors’ accounts in the Debtors
Ledger and draw up a Debtors List.
5. Open the accounts with the given balances in the General
Ledger.
6. Post from the journals to these accounts and balance the
accounts where necessary.
Remind learners which source document to use with which journal.
B6/N1 N2/B5
2.–3.
Cash Receipts Journal of Reitsma Traders for December 2014 CRJ12
Doc. Day Details Fol. Analysis of Bank Sales Cost of Debtors Sundry accounts
no. receipts sales control Amount Fol. Details
555 02 S Moore D1 8 136 00 8 136 00 8 136 00
CRR 07 Sales 16 800 00 16 800 00 12 923 08
556 C Nel 17 200 00 34 000 00 17 200 00 B1 Capital
CRR 15 Sales 4 800 00 4 800 00 3 692 31
557 M Gama D4 1 768 00 6 568 00 1 768 00
CRR 28 Sales 12 400 00 12 400 00 12 400 00 9 538 46
61 104 00 34 000 00 26 153 85 9 904 00 17 200 00
B7 N1 N2/B5 B6
B7 B5 N3 N4
4.
Debtors Ledger of Reitsma Traders
S Moore D1
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (+) Credit (–) Balance
2014
Dec 01 Account rendered 12 960 00
02 Receipt no. 555 CRJ12 8 136 00 4 824 00
03 Invoice no. 010 DJ12 808 00 5 632 00
P Ciel D3
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (+) Credit (–) Balance
2014
Dec 01 Account rendered 1 280 00
M Gama D4
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (+) Credit (–) Balance
2014
Dec 01 Account rendered 2 652 00
15 Receipt no. 557 CRJ12 1 768 00 884 00
23 Invoice no. 013 DJ12 2 020 00 2 904 00
5.–6.
General Ledger of Reitsma Traders
Balance Sheet accounts
Dr Capital b1 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014
Dec 01 Balance b/d 36 000 00
07 Bank CRJ12 17 200 00
53 200 00
Dr Drawings b2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014
Dec 01 Balance b/d 2 110 00
28 Bank CPJ12 5 200 00
7 310 00
Dr Trading Stock b5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014 2014
Dec 01 Balance b/d 54 800 00 Dec 31 Cost of sales CRJ12 26 153 85
31 Bank CPJ12 12 800 00 Cost of sales DJ12 4 350 78
Balance c/d 37 095 37
67 600 00 67 600 00
2015
Jan 01 Balance b/d 37 095 37
Dr Bank b7 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014 2014
Dec 1 Balance b/d 16 040 00 Dec 31 Total payments CPJ12 36 452 00
31 Total receipts CRJ12 61 104 00 Balance c/d 40 692 00
77 144 00 77 144 00
2015
Jan 01 Balance b/d 40 692 00
Nominal accounts
Dr Sales n1 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014
Dec 01 Balance b/d 73 320 00
31 Bank CRJ12 34 000 00
Debtors control DJ12 5 656 00
112 976 00
Dr Cost of Sales n2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014
Dec 01 Balance b/d 56 400 00
31 Trading stock CRJ12 26 153 85
Trading stock DJ12 4 350 78
86 904 63
Dr Stationery n3 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014
Dec 01 Balance b/d 554 00
31 Bank CPJ12 680 00
1 234 00
Dr Wages n4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014
Dec 01 Balance b/d 8 450 00
31 Bank CPJ12 16 492 00
24 942 00
Extension
• Your scatterbrained friend, M Schutte, has asked for your
help. He has lost his Debtors Control account in the General
Ledger that you drew up for him. However, he still has the
Debtors Ledger.
Required
Recreate the Debtors Control account from the Debtors Ledger.
Information
Debtors Ledger of Schutte Traders
S Mdaka D1
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (+) Credit (–) Balance
2013
Nov Account rendered 8 200 80
J Tanner D2
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (+) Credit (–) Balance
2013
Nov Account rendered 14 520 00
A Falck D3
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (+) Credit (–) Balance
2013
Nov Account rendered 6 868 80
Required
Study the accounts below from the Debtors Ledger and complete
the Debtors Journal from the information given. Profit mark-up is
50% on cost price.
Learners use the invoices from the two Debtors Ledger accounts and
place them in date order in the Debtors Journal. They focus only on
invoices because this is a Debtors Journal. The cost of sales must also
be calculated.
Topic
UnitCredit
1 transactions: Creditors (1)
13 Learner’s Book pages 155—163 Duration: 3 hours
Preparation
• Read through the topic and familiarise yourself with the content
that you will need to teach. Think about what learners may
already know about the topics, what skills they already have and
any areas of difficulty that you think they might encounter.
• The learners already know how to record transactions in a CPJ.
Transactions in the CJ are quite similar, so they may find this easy
to do.
Lesson 8
• Mark and check Activity 13.3.
• Do Activity 13.4.
Answers
Activity 13.1
1. Middle order (4)
R9 080 × 7,5% = R681 ✔✔
R9 080 – R681 = R8 399 ✔✔
DIVA DESIGNS
217 Iziko Street, Durban, 4001
Original Tax Invoice
VAT no.: 42811 NO. V253
TO: Lara Fashions
98 Bree Street ✔
CAPE TOWN
8000 14 March 2013 ✔
*Folio numbers are only inserted once posting has been done from
Activity 15.1 in Topic 15.
Activity 13.3
Middle order (18)
Learners must pay attention to the following:
4 May: R85 × 10 = R850; R850 – 6% = R799
8 May: If a transaction doesn’t say whether goods are bought on credit
or cash, it is accepted to be on credit.
14 May: R3 810 – 10% = R3 429; R3 429 + R4 800 = R8 229
*Folio numbers are only inserted once posting has been done from
Activity 15.2 in Topic 15.
*B9 *B7
*Folio numbers are only inserted once posting has been done from
Activity 15.3 in Topic 15.
Learners must pay attention to the following:
8 Sep: R6 646 – 5% = R6 313,70
25 Sep: R3 240 – 12% = R2 851,20; R2851,20 + R417 + R1 800 +
R247,50 = R5 315,70
30 Sep: R2 400 – 2,5% = R2 340
Consolidation
• Read each transaction and complete the table below.
Example: Paid the telephone account, R650.
Extension
Analyse the creditors’ accounts of Zandvliet by answering the
questions that follow.
Topic
UnitFunctions
1 of a business
14 Learner’s Book pages 164—176 Duration: 3 hours
Preparation
• Read through the topic and familiarise yourself with the content
that you will need to teach. Think about what learners may
already know about the topics, what skills they already have and
any areas of difficulty that you think they might encounter.
• Gather your resources and plan how you will integrate them into
your teaching.
• Prepare a brief on what you would like the businessperson to talk
to your class about. Make the arrangements for the talk with plenty
of time to spare, and have a backup speaker ready or an alternative
lesson planned in case the speaker cancels at short notice.
Lesson 6
• There is a lot of content to work through this week so make sure
you have an efficient system in place for teaching this content.
• Have a brief discussion about participating in a school team
effort where different functions are required for the team to be
successful. Use your resources and the diagram in Figure 14.2 of
the Learner’s Book as a starting point for your discussion of what
business functions are.
• Ask the learners if they can use the discussion to think of what the
business functions would be. Introduce the eight functions.
• Work through the text in the Learner’s Book pages 166–170
about the administration, purchasing, marketing and finance
functions and their characteristics, roles and importance.
• Ask the learners to think about how each function manages the
business’s risk, and teach risk management after you’ve taught each
function.
Lesson 7
• There is a lot of content to work through this week so make sure
you have an efficient system in place for teaching this content.
• Recap briefly what you taught last week about the administration,
purchasing, marketing and finance functions.
• As you did last week, work through the text in the Learner’s
Book pages 170–175 on the public relations, human resources,
production and general management functions and their
characteristics, roles and importance.
• Ask learners to think about how each function manages the business’s
risk. Teach risk management after you’ve taught each function.
• If there is time, have a class quiz in which you ask questions you
have prepared to revise the business functions.
Lesson 8
• Arrange for the visiting businessperson you have chosen to be at
the school for this week’s lesson.
• Introduce the speaker to the class.
Answers
Activity 14.1
1.–3. Middle order (20)
Learners make summary notes of the talk that the speaker gave. Make
sure they are comprehensive and show evidence that the learners have
understood and can apply the contents of the talk. Award 15 marks
for summary content (one mark per point) and 5 marks for content
accuracy and summary structure.
Activity 14.2
Middle order (72)
Business What it does Why it is important How it manages risk
function
Administration Runs the administrative This is an important Businesses are at risk
side of the business. ✔ function because without if their administrative
Keeps administration of accurate record-keeping functions do not work
the business’s operations and administration, ✔ it is properly. ✔ If a business is
running smoothly. ✔ difficult to keep track of not administered smoothly,
what is happening in all the business’s performance
of the departments of the suffers. ✔ When a
business. ✔ business’s administrative
systems are in place, there
is less risk of the business
experiencing problems. ✔
Purchasing Procures or buys all of the This is an important It is important for the
raw materials and finished function because without purchasing function to
products that a business the raw materials needed work properly to manage
needs to function. ✔ to produce goods ✔, a the risk of a business
Purchases things that the business has no outputs running out of the inputs it
business needs to operate and makes no money. ✔ needs to produce outputs.
that are not necessarily ✔ Businesses risk losing
part of producing goods. money if their production
✔ For example, employees processes are delayed due
need desks, computers, to a lack of raw materials.
telephones and stationery. ✔ Delays are expensive
✔ The business also needs and give the business a bad
packaging materials if it reputation. ✔ Businesses
produces goods that it also risk losing money if
packs for sale and services the purchasing function
such as cleaning and is not able to purchase
equipment repair services. goods or raw materials
✔ Keeps an appropriate at the best possible price.
supply of raw materials and ✔ Businesses cannot
other goods and services afford to spend more
available to the business than is necessary on their
so that the business can production costs. ✔
achieve its objectives. ✔
Learners use the topic content in the Learner’s Book to complete the
table with their own summary notes, such as the ones above.
Consolidation
• Name the eight business functions.
Administration, purchasing, marketing, finance, public relations,
human resources, production, general management
• Discuss the role of the general management function of a
business.
The general management function is the function that oversees
and manages all of the other business functions. Its main role is
to steer the business in the direction of its mission and vision by
managing the activities of the other business functions.
• Explain how the production function helps to manage a
business’s risk.
Businesses spend lots of money on inputs for the production
process. Things like raw materials, employee training and
equipment and machinery for manufacturing are very expensive.
They run the risk of this money being wasted if the production
process does not produce good-quality products on schedule.
A strong production function makes sure that the production
process is efficient and that outputs can cover production costs.
Extension
Choose a business in your area. Find out what it does. Write a
short report in which you say what you think the eight business
functions will do in that business.
Learners choose a local business, research it, and analyse it. They write
down what they think each function will do in that specific business.
For example, if they choose a supermarket, they could say that the
purchasing function buys the supermarket’s stock to sell; the marketing
function produces the television, newspaper and radio adverts that
the local area sees; the human resources function hires cashiers, shelf-
packers, managers and bakery staff, and so on. Learners should show the
integration and application of knowledge to a real business context.
Preparation
• Read through the topic and familiarise yourself with the content
that you will need to teach. Think about what learners may
already know about the topics, what skills they already have and
any areas of difficulty that you think they might encounter.
• The learners already know how to record transactions in a General
Ledger. Posting from the CJ to the General Ledger should be
fairly easy for the learners to master because it is done in the same
way as posting from the CPJ.
• Learners are familiar with a three-column ledger and they
also know how to post journals to the Debtors Ledger, which
looks similar to the Creditors Ledger. This should help their
understanding of this content.
• It may be difficult for them to understand that you have two
‘three-column ledgers’ that look exactly the same, but function
in exactly the opposite way to each other. Consider how you will
explain this to learners.
Lesson 9
• Refer to Figure 15.1 in the Learner’s Book and discuss the
differences between buying for cash and buying on credit. Remind
learners about the National Credit Act briefly from Topic 7 and
use it to revise buying on credit.
• Continue with recording payments to creditors in the CPJ using
the example of Tucson Stores and Chapman Suppliers in the
Learner’s Book.
• Discuss the steps from the point where the business places the
order until the point where the order is paid.
• Talk about the accounting cycle and explain each step as you
go along.
1. Source document – Cheque: Show learners a cheque on the
board and remind them how to complete it.
2. Journal – Cash Payments Journal: Show learners how to
allocate that cheque payment in the journal, in the Bank and
in the Creditors control columns.
• Do Activity 15.1 Question 1.
• Continue with the example of Tucson Stores, covering posting
to the Creditors and General Ledgers. Discuss each step as you
go along.
1. Source document – Invoice from the Creditors Journal: posted
to the credit side because it increases the creditor’s account.
2. Source document – Cheque from the Cash Payments Journal:
posted to the debit side because it decreases the creditor’s
account.
• Explain that the Creditor’s Ledger differs from the General Ledger
in that it is updated as soon as a transaction takes place. The
ledger account then shows the balance due after each transaction,
while the General Ledger shows only the closing balance at the
end of the month.
• Do Activity 15.1 Question 2.
• Discuss posting the Creditors Journal to the General Ledger
for creditors, continuing with the example of Chelsea Traders.
There are two ways to explain this:
1. The Creditors Control account has been credited because it
increased (liabilities increase on the credit side) and according
to the double-entry principle, all the other accounts are
debited OR
2. Identify each account, for example: Trading Stock is an
Asset that increased because we bought some stock or
Stationery is an expense that decreased Owner’s equity and
is therefore debited.
Lesson 10
• Mark and check the previous activities.
• Review the Creditors Ledger and emphasise where we get the
information from:
CJ Invoice Entry in the credit column Add amount to the
balance
CPJ Cheque Entry in the debit column Subtract amount from the
balance
Answers
Activity 15.1
1. Middle order (18)
Cash Payments Journal of Books Galore for September 2016 CPJ9
Doc. Day Name of Fol. Bank Creditors Stationery Wages Sundry accounts
no. payee control
Amount Fol. Details
Grab
0432 07 Publishers *C3 ✔ 558 00 ✔ 558 00
CNC News
0433 13 Suppliers *C1 ✔ 1 375 00 ✔ 1 375 00
0434 14 Cash ✔ 600 00 ✔ 600 00
0435 23 Boxes Inc. ✔ 196 00 ✔ 196 00
0436 24 Tech B2E ✔ 9 450 00 ✔ 9 450 00 *N10 Repairs ✔
0437 29 Cash ✔ 600 00 ✔ 600 00
0438 30 Tech B2E *C2 ✔ 2 638 00 ✔ 2 638 00
✔ 15 417 00 4 571 00 196 00 1 200 00 ✔ 9 450 00
*Folio numbers are only inserted once cross-entries have been made.
Tech B2E C2
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (–) Credit (+) Balance
2016
Sept 01 Account rendered ✔ 2 270 00
09 Invoice no. 102 ✔ CJ9 ✔ 368 00 2 638 00
30 Cheque no. 0438 ✔ CPJ9 ✔ 2 638 00 ✔ 0 00 (6)
Activity 15.2
1. Middle order (26)
B5 B7 B8 ✔
Onelogix C3
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (–) Credit (+) Balance
2020
May 01 Account rendered ✔ 10 340 00
02 Cheque no. 56 ✔ CPJ5 ✔ 10 340 00 ✔ 0 00 (4)
The Advertiser C4
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (–) Credit (+) Balance
2020
May 26 Invoice no. 25 ✔ CJ5 ✔ 824 00 ✔ 824 00 (3)
Dr Equipment b6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2020
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 137 500 00
14 Creditors control ✔ CJ5 ✔ 4 800 00
30 Bank ✔ CPJ5 ✔ 5 400 00
✔ 147 700 00 (6)
Dr Trading Stock b7 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2020
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 92 950 00
31 Creditors control ✔ CJ5 ✔ 5 368 00
Bank ✔ CPJ5 ✔ 48 165 00
✔ 146 483 00 (6)
Nominal accounts
Dr Stationery n5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2020
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 7 370 00
30 Bank ✔ CPJ5 ✔ 482 00
31 Creditors control ✔ CJ5 ✔ 783 00
✔ 8 635 00 (6)
Activity 15.3
Learners must pay attention to the following calculations:
The balance of the Creditors control
= Cotfab Distributors + Neven & Co. + Eggers Traders + Singh Stores
= R2 340 + R9 510 + R2 364 + R390
= R14 604
29 Sep: R2 340 + R1 280,40 = R3 620,40
B7 B9 ✔
Eggers Traders C3
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (–) Credit (+) Balance
2012
Sep 01 Account rendered ✔ 2 364 00
Singh Stores C4
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (–) Credit (+) Balance
2012
Sep 01 Account rendered ✔ 390 00 (1)
Dr Creditors Control b9 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012 2012
Sept 30 Bank ✔ CPJ9 ✔ 15 494 40 Sept 01 Balance b/d ✔✔ 14 604 00
Balance ✔ c/d 19 183 40 30 Sundry purchases ✔ CJ9 ✔ 20 073 80
34 677 80 34 677 80
2012
Oct 01 Balance b/d ✔ 19 183 40 (8)
Nominal accounts
Dr Stationery n5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Sept 01 Balance b/d ✔ 652 00
25 Creditors control ✔ CJ9 ✔ 247 50
29 Creditors control ✔ CJ9 ✔ 4 824 00 (5)
Dr Packing Material n6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Sept 01 Balance b/d ✔ 780 00
25 Creditors control ✔ CJ9 ✔ 417 00 (3)
Activity 15.4
1.–2. Middle order (24)
Learners must pay attention to the calculation for Stationery:
R162 537 – R78 642 – R18 360 – R54 264 = R11 271
Nominal accounts
Dr Stationery n4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2015
Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 23 460 00
21 Bank ✔ CPJ6 ✔ 12 750 00
30 Creditors control ✔ CJ6 ✔✔ 11 271 00
✔ 47 481 00 (7)
Dr Packing Material n5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2015
Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 8 215 00
30 Creditors control ✔ CJ6 ✔ 18 360 00
✔ 26 575 00 (4)
Activity 15.5
Middle order (70)
No. Source Account Account ASSETS OWNER’S EQUITY LIABILITIES
document debited credited Effect Reason Effect Reason Effect Reason
01 Bank Bank ✔ Capital ✔ ✔+400 000 Cash ✔+400 000 Owners capital
deposit slip increases ✔ contribution ✔
(duplicate) ✔
02 Cheque Rent Bank ✔ ✔—27 400 Cash ✔—27 400 Rent —
counterfoil ✔ expense ✔ decreases ✔ expense ✔
03 Invoice Equipment Creditors ✔+94 260 Equipment ✔+94 260 Owe
(original) ✔ ✔ control ✔ increases ✔ creditors
more ✔
04 Invoice Stationery Creditors ✔—569 Stationery — ✔+569 Owe
(original) ✔ ✔ control ✔ expense ✔ creditors
more ✔
05 Cheque Drawings Bank ✔ ✔—680 Cash ✔—680 Drawings ✔
counterfoil ✔ ✔ decreases ✔
06 Cheque Telephone Bank ✔ ✔—961 Cash ✔—961 Telephone —
counterfoil ✔ ✔ decreases ✔ expense ✔
07 Cheque Creditors Bank ✔ ✔—25 000 Cash ✔—25 000 Owe
counterfoil ✔ control ✔ decreases ✔ creditors
less ✔
08 Invoice Trading Creditors ✔+31 450 Trading ✔+31 450 Owe
(original) ✔ stock ✔ control ✔ stock creditors
increases ✔ more ✔
09 Cheque Wages ✔ Bank ✔ ✔—1 700 Cash ✔—1 700 Wages —
counterfoil ✔ decreases ✔ expense ✔
10 Cheque Trading Bank ✔ ✔—26 890 Cash
counterfoil ✔ stock ✔ decreases ✔
✔+26 890 Trading
stock
increases ✔
Consolidation
• Complete the following sentences.
– A credit transaction is a transaction where the business buys
items on credit.
– A creditor is a Current liability because the business must pay
back the debt within one year.
– After the business orders goods, it receives an original invoice
with the goods.
– Creditors are suppliers to whom the business owes money.
• TRANSACTION: Received invoice 756 from EMS Suppliers
for goods, R1 970 less 2,5% trade discount; 5 packs of paper,
R57,20 each; and 9 rolls of packing material at R5 each.
The last invoice entered in the CJ of Huguenot All Sorts was
no. 233. Complete the invoice on 3 March 2016. Complete the
CJ entry for this invoice.
Extension
• Use the four creditors’ accounts of Neverland Suppliers to
draw up the Creditors Control account in the General Ledger.
Tinkerbell Shoppe C3
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (–) Credit (+) Balance
2012
Jul 01 Account rendered 2 314 00
15 Invoice no. 62 CJ 1 470 00 3 784 00
21 Cheque no. 707 CPJ 964 00 2 820 00
Dr Creditors Control Cr
Bank CPJ (total of all payments/cheques) Balance b/d (total of the creditors’ accounts
Balance c/d (total of the creditors’ final rendered at the beginning of the month)
balances) Sundry purchases CJ (total of all invoices)
B8 B9 (35)
B8 B9 N5 (20)
76 486 00 76 486 00
2019
Jun 01 Balance ✔ b/d 46 578 00
Dr Trading Stock b9 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 192 213 00
31 Creditors control CJ5 ✔ 15 400 00
Bank CPJ5 ✔ 25 655 00
✔ 233 268 00
Nominal accounts
Dr Stationery n5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 749 00
02 Bank CPJ5 ✔ 547 00
31 Creditors control CJ5 ✔ 625 00
✔ 1 921 00
(20)
5.4 Middle order
Creditors Ledger of Rent-a-Costume & Décor
Thembelani’s C2
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (–) Credit (+) Balance
2019
May 01 Account rendered✔ ✔1 378 00
06 Invoice no. 21✔ CJ5 ✔ 23 936 00 ✔25 314 00
17 Cheque no. 88✔ CPJ5 ✔ 1 250 00 ✔24 064 00
24 Invoice no. 24✔ CJ5 ✔ 16 300 00 ✔40 364 00
✔ (12)
Formal assessment
For information on how to assess learners’ assignments, controlled
tests, case studies and projects, please see Section 3 of this
Teacher’s Guide.
SECTION A
QUESTION 1 [20 marks; 12 minutes]
TASK
Read the information and answer the following questions.
Since its inception, it is a federation based on the following core principle: Non-racialism — COSATU
rejects apartheid and racism in all its forms. We believe that all workers, regardless of race, should
organise and unite. Now more than ever before we need to bury the apartheid legacy.
Source: www.COSATU.org.za
SECTION B
QUESTION 2 [28 marks; 17 minutes]
TASK
Toys for Us toy store sells toys to various other toy stores in the area.
Dinkie Toy is the owner and manager of the store.
2.1 Complete the Debtors Control and Trading Stock accounts in the
General Ledger.
2.2 Complete Baby Boom’s account in the Debtors Ledger.
Additional information
1. The total of the Debtors list at the end of August amounted to
R55 600.
2. The company applies a mark-up of 100% on cost.
3. Goods worth R76 800 were purchased cash during the month.
4. The cost of goods sold on credit was R26 540.
5. The cost of goods sold for cash was R32 180.
6. The total amount of money received from debtors amounted to
R61 040.
7. Total for invoices received for goods, R55 310.
05 DJ 22 790 00
14 Receipt 7 200 00
18 Invoice 9 950 00
31 CRJ 0 00
(8)
2014
Oct 01 Balance b/d
(8)
Dr Trading Stock Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014 2014
Sep 01 Balance b/d Sep 30 CRJ
30 CPJ DJ
CJ Balance c/d
2014
Oct 01 Balance b/d 81 430 00
(12)
[28]
SECTION C
QUESTION 5 [20 marks; 12 minutes]
SECTION A
QUESTION 1
1.1 Congress of South African Trade Unions ✔✔
1.2 December 1985 ✔✔
1.3 General workers: skilled and unskilled workers in a range of
industries ✔✔
Tradesmen: employees with particular skills such as bricklaying ✔✔
Blue-collar workers: skilled and unskilled workers in a particular
industry ✔✔
White-collar workers: professionals such as teachers ✔✔ (4 × 2 = 8)
1.4
• to improve the material conditions of their members and of
the working people as a whole ✔✔
• to organise the unorganised ✔✔
• to ensure that participation of workers takes place in the
struggle for peace and democratic principles ✔✔
• promoting a core principle of non-racialism ✔✔ (any 2 × 2 = 4)
1.5
1.5.1 When trade unions negotiate workers’ rights and working
conditions with employers ✔✔
1.5.2 Employee forums that give employees a say in how a
business is run. ✔✔
(20)
SECTION B
QUESTION 2
2.1
General Ledger of Toys for Us
Balance Sheet accounts
Dr Debtors Control Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014 2014
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔55 600 00 Sep 30 Bank CRJ ✔61 040 00
30 Sales ✔ DJ ✔✔53 080 00 Balance c/d ✔47 640 00
108 680 00 108 680 00
2014
Oct 01 Balance b/d ✔✔47 640 00
(8)
Dr Trading Stock Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014 2014
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔✔8 040 00 Sep 30 Cost of sales ✔ CRJ ✔32 180 00
30 Bank ✔ CPJ ✔76 800 00 Cost of sales ✔ DJ ✔26 540 00
Creditors’ control✔ CJ ✔55 310 00 Balance c/d ✔81 430 00
140 150 00 ✔140 150 00
2014
Oct 01 Balance b/d 81 430 00
(12)
(8)
QUESTION 3
3.1
Cash Payments Journal of Letabu Dealers for March 2014 CPJ1
Doc. Day Name of Fol. Bank Trading stock Creditors Stationery Sundry accounts
no. payee control
Amount Fol. Details
Hillside Rent
001 02 Properties ✔4 000 00 ✔4 000 00 expense✔
Hanlulene
004 18 Suppliers ✔10 000 00 ✔10 000 00
Hanlulene
005 28 Suppliers ✔30 000 00 30 000✔ 00
—1
(13)
3.2
Creditors’ Journal of Letabu Dealers for March 2014 CJ1
Doc. Day Creditor Fol. Creditors Trading stock Stationery Sundry accounts
no. control
Amount Fol. Details
Hanlulene
A52 04 Suppliers ✔25 000 00 ✔25 000 00
Home and
A53 15 Office ✔12 500 00 ✔12 500 00 Equipment ✔
Hanlulene
A54 24 Suppliers ✔5 000 00 ✔5 000 00
—1
(7)
(12)
SECTION C
QUESTION 5
5.1 General management: oversees and manages all of the other
business functions, including planning and strategising to achieve
business objectives. ✔✔
Purchasing: procures or buys all of the raw materials and finished
goods that a business needs to function. ✔✔
Production: manages all aspects of a business’s production,
including getting the resources or inputs required for the
production process in the right quantities at the right time
and managing all aspects of the production process, including
efficiency and quality. ✔✔
Marketing: makes customers aware of the business and its goods
and develops strategies for getting goods to customers. ✔✔
Public relations: gives businesses positive publicity and exposes
them to as many potential customers as possible in as positive a
way as possible to encourage sales. ✔✔
Human resources: manages the people in a business (staffing) and
looks after the business’s human capital. ✔✔
Administration: keeps administration (record-keeping) of the
business’s operations running smoothly. ✔✔
Finance: manages all aspects of the business’s finances (money). ✔✔
(8 × 2 = 16)
5.2
5.2.1 Actions designed to attract the interest of the public. ✔✔
5.2.2 Public relations involves giving businesses positive publicity
✔ and exposing them to as many potential customers as
possible ✔ in as positive a way as possible to encourage
sales. ✔✔ (4)
Topic
UnitLooking
Discover
1 back,
your looking
strengths
ahead
16
1 Learner’s Book pages 204—207
xx—xx Duration:
Duration 2 hours
Preparation
• Read through the topic and familiarise yourself with the content
that you will need to teach. Think about what learners may
already know about the topics, what skills they already have and
any areas of difficulty that you think they might encounter.
• Learners already know how to record all the different transactions
in the journals. They also know how to post the different journals
to the General Ledger and to the Debtors and Creditors Ledgers.
• However, it may be difficult for them to master all four journals
at the same time. Consider how you are going to present this
information to learners in a way that will enable them to
understand how all the content fits together.
Lesson 2
• Refer to Figure 17.1 in the Learner’s Book and have a class
discussion on the cash and credit transactions learnt to date.
Use the accounting cycle to outline the four processes involved
on the board. Explain that this topic will give learners many
opportunities to practise what they have learnt.
• Check that all learners understand the basics of recording cash
and credit transactions of a sole trader in the subsidiary journals.
• Do Activity 17.1.
• Discuss the first part of the Heysteck Stores example in the
Learner’s Book page 211, covering the recording of transactions in
the different subsidiary journals. Reinforce the different journals
as follows:
1. Each journal differs from the others by the specific source
document that is used:
CRJ CPJ DJ CJ
Cash register Cheque Duplicate Original
roll counterfoil invoice issued invoice received
Duplicate
receipt
Deposit slip
CRJ CPJ DJ CJ
Cash received Cash paid Credit sales Credit
purchases
Journal Posting
Debit: Bank
CRJ Credit: All the other accounts
except for Cost of Sales
Credit: Bank
CPJ
Debit: All the other accounts
Debit: Debtors Control
Credit: Sales
DJ
Debit: Cost of Sales
Credit: Trading Stock
Credit: Creditors Control
CJ
Debit: All the other accounts
Lesson 3
• Mark and check Activity 17.2.
• Do Activity 17.3.
Lesson 4
• Mark and check Activity 17.3.
• Do Activity 17.4.
Lesson 5
• Mark and check Activity 17.4.
• Do Activity 17.5.
Lesson 6
• Mark and check Activity 17.5.
• Do Activity 17.6.
Answers
Activity 17.1
Middle order (91)
This activity aims at assisting learners to make the correct choice of
journal, before they begin with the activities involving the completion
of journals.
No. Transaction Journal Two accounts involved
1. Cashed a cheque for wages CPJ Bank Wages
2. Paid rent CPJ ✔ Bank ✔ Rent expense ✔
3. Purchased goods on credit CJ ✔ Creditors control ✔ Trading stock ✔
4. Cash received for services CRJ ✔ Bank ✔ Current income ✔
rendered
5. Paid an outstanding account CPJ ✔ Bank ✔ Creditors control ✔
6. Repairs paid cash CPJ ✔ Bank ✔ Repairs ✔
7. Owner took cash for his own use CPJ ✔ Bank ✔ Drawings ✔
8. Purchased a vehicle and paid CPJ ✔ Bank ✔ Vehicles ✔
for it
9. Consumable goods purchased CJ ✔ Creditors control ✔ Consumable goods
on credit ✔
10. Paid for stationery bought CPJ ✔ Bank ✔ Stationery ✔
11. Purchased goods and paid CPJ ✔ Bank ✔ Trading stock ✔
by cheque
12. Purchased a building and paid CPJ ✔ Bank ✔ Land and buildings
by cheque ✔
13. Received cash for the rent of a CRJ ✔ Bank ✔ Rent income ✔
building
14. Packing material purchased CJ ✔ Creditors control ✔ Packing material ✔
on credit
15. Cash sales of goods (selling price) CRJ ✔ Bank ✔ Sales ✔
(cost price) Cost of sales ✔ Trading stock ✔
16. Paid the telephone account CPJ ✔ Bank ✔ Telephone ✔
17. Cashed a cheque for the cash CPJ ✔ Bank ✔ Cash float ✔
register
18. Received an invoice for repairs CJ ✔ Creditors control ✔ Repairs ✔
19. Paid the water and electricity CPJ ✔ Bank ✔ Water and
electricity ✔
Activity 17.2
B8 N1 N2/B6 B7
(22)
Note: Mark up = 25%
Dr Vehicles B4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 88 600 00 (1)
Dr Equipment B5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 7 924 00
13 Creditors control CJ5 ✔ 8 118 00
16 Bank CPJ5 ✔ 5 815 00
✔ 21 857 00 (4)
Dr Trading Stock B6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012 2012
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 36 109 00 Jul 31 Cost of sales CRJ5 ✔ 8 920 80
31 Bank CPJ5 ✔ 6 519 00 Cost of sales DJ5 ✔ 21 407 40
Creditors control CJ5 ✔ 21 118 00 Balance c/d ✔ 33 417 80
63 746 00 63 746 00
2012
Aug 01 Balance b/d ✔ 33 417 80 (7)
Dr Debtors Control B7 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012 2012
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 2 948 00 Jul 31 Bank CRJ5 ✔ 8 039 00
31 Sales DJ5 ✔ 26 759 25 Balance c/d ✔ 21 668 25
29 707 25 29 707 25
2012
Aug 01 Balance b/d ✔ 21 668 25 (5)
Dr Bank B8 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012 2012
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 7 582 00 Jul 31 Total payments CPJ5 ✔ 31 431 00
31 Total receipts CRJ5 ✔ 46 210 00 Balance c/d ✔ 22 361 00
53 792 00 53 792 00
2012
Aug 01 Balance b/d ✔ 22 361 00 (5)
Nominal accounts
Dr Sales N1 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 132 300 00
31 Bank CRJ5 ✔ 11 151 00
Debtors control DJ5 ✔ 26 759 25
✔ 170 210 25 (4)
Dr Cost of Sales n2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 75 600 00
31 Trading stock CRJ5 ✔ 8 920 80
Trading stock DJ5 ✔ 21 407 40
✔ 105 928 20 (4)
Dr Rent Income n3 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 8 800 00
31 Bank CRJ5 ✔ 1 880 00
✔ 10 680 00 (3)
Dr Wages n4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 9 850 00
31 Bank CPJ5 ✔ 1 700 00
✔ 11 550 00 (3)
Dr Packing Material n6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 990 00
07 Creditors control CJ5 ✔ 555 00
25 Creditors control CJ5 ✔ 282 00
✔ 1 827 00 (4)
Dr Municipal Services n7 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 1 334 00
24 Bank CPJ5 ✔ 864 00
✔ 2 198 00 (3)
Dr Telephone n8 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 1 146 00
05 Bank CPJ5 ✔ 347 00
✔ 1 493 00 (3)
Dr Advertising n9 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2012
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 797 00
25 Creditors control CJ5 ✔ 650 00
31 Bank CPJ5 ✔ 334 00
✔ 1 781 00 (4)
W Truter D3
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (+) Credit (–) Balance
2012
Jul 01 Account rendered ✔ 950 00
Sume Traders C2
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (–) Credit (+) Balance
2012
Jul 01 Account rendered ✔ 3 755 00
03 Cheque no. 337 CPJ5 ✔ 2 700 00 1 055 00
13 Invoice no. 662 CJ5 ✔ 15 429 00 ✔ 16 484 00 (4)
Janko Ltd C3
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (–) Credit (+) Balance
2012
Jul 01 Account rendered ✔ 4 416 00
13 Cheque no. 341 CPJ5 ✔ 4 416 00 0 00
20 Invoice no. 663 CJ5 ✔ 10 220 00 10 220 00
28 Invoice no. 665 CJ5 ✔ 993 00 ✔ 11 213 00 (5)
Activity 17.3
B7 N1 N2/B5 B6
(17)
Dr Equipment b4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013
Aug 01 Balance b/d ✔ 33 585 00
12 Creditors control CJ7 ✔ 1 450 00
29 Bank CPJ7 ✔ 1 150 00
✔ 36 185 00 (4)
Dr Trading Stock b5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013 2013
Aug 01 Balance b/d ✔ 31 921 00 Aug 31 Cost of sales CRJ7 ✔ 9 042 00
31 Bank CPJ7 ✔ 24 348 00 Cost of sales DJ7 ✔ 5 540 00
Creditors control CJ7 ✔ 5 784 00 Balance c/d ✔ 47 471 00
62 053 00 62 053 00
2013
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 47 471 00 (7)
Dr Debtors Control b6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013 2013
Aug 01 Balance b/d ✔ 28 986 00 Aug 31 Bank CRJ7 ✔ 22 732 00
31 Sales DJ7 ✔ 8 310 00 Balance c/d ✔ 14 564 00
37 296 00 37 296 00
2013
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 14 564 00 (5)
Dr Bank b7 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013 2013
Aug 01 Balance b/d ✔ 18 035 00 Aug 31 Total payments CPJ7 ✔ 80 950 00
31 Total receipts CRJ7 ✔ 38 595 00
Balance c/d ✔ 24 320 00
80 950 00 80 950 00
2013
Sep 01 Balance b/d ✔ 24 320 00 (5)
Dr Cash Float b8 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013
Aug 01 Balance b/d ✔ 350 00 (1)
Nominal accounts
Dr Sales n1 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013
Aug 01 Balance b/d ✔ 135 615 00
31 Bank CRJ7 ✔ 13 563 00
Debtors control DJ7 ✔ 8 310 00
✔ 157 488 00 (4)
Dr Cost of Sales n2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013
Aug 01 Balance c/d ✔ 95 210 00
31 Trading stock CRJ7 ✔ 9 042 00
Trading stock DJ7 ✔ 5 540 00
✔ 109 792 00 (4)
Dr Rent Income n3 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013
Aug 01 Balance b/d ✔ 28 875 00
23 Bank CRJ7 ✔ 2 300 00
✔ 31 175 00 (3)
Dr Wages n4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013
Aug 01 Balance b/d ✔ 28 000 00
31 Bank CPJ7 ✔ 9 400 00
✔ 37 400 00 (3)
Dr Stationery n5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013
Aug 01 Balance b/d ✔ 6 823 00
09 Bank CPJ7 ✔ 865 00
31 Creditors control CJ7 ✔ 943 00
✔ 8 631 00 (4)
Dr Telephone n7 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013
Aug 01 Balance b/d ✔ 8 052 00
21 Bank CPJ7 ✔ 466 00
✔ 8 518 00 (3)
Dr Repairs n9 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013
Aug 01 Balance b/d ✔ 16 389 00
27 Creditors control CJ7 ✔ 733 00
✔ 17 122 00 (3)
D Brandt D2
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (+) Credit (–) Balance
2013
Aug 01 Account rendered ✔ 12 883 00
04 Invoice no. 221 DJ7 ✔ 1 836 00 14 719 00
11 Receipt no. 82 CRJ7 ✔ 9 830 00 4 889 00
29 Invoice no. 224 DJ7 ✔ 2 349 00 ✔ 7 238 00 (5)
A Robain D3
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (+) Credit (–) Balance
2013
Aug 01 Account rendered ✔ 6 441 00
05 Receipt no. 81 CRJ7 ✔ 3 240 00 3 201 00
21 Invoice no. 223 DJ7 ✔ 2 463 00 ✔ 5 664 00 (4)
Hauptfleisch Ltd C2
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (–) Credit (+) Balance
2013
Aug 01 Account rendered ✔ 29 532 00
10 Cheque no. 112 CPJ7 ✔ 19 500 00 10 032 00
30 Invoice no. 185 CJ7 ✔ 1 046 00 ✔ 11 078 00 (4)
Xangelé Traders C3
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (–) Credit (+) Balance
2013
Aug 01 Account rendered ✔ 39 377 00
12 Invoice no. 183 CJ7 ✔ 5 131 00 44 508 00
19 Cheque no. 113 CPJ7 ✔ 3 556 00 ✔ 40 952 00 (4)
Activity 17.4
Learners will need to do these calculations:
20 May: R1 889 + R9 006,50 = R10 895,50
29 May: R451 + R4 740 = R5 191
Guide the learners when opening the ledger accounts, especially
with the placement order of the accounts in the Balance Sheet and
Nominal account sections.
B8 N1 N2/B6 B7 (15)
Cash Payments Journal of Electrics for All for May 2013 CPJ5
Doc. Day Name of payee Fol. Bank Trading Packing Creditors Sundry accounts
no. stock material control
Amount Fol. Details
523 00 N4 Fuel✔
B8 B6 N3 B9 (17)
216 LESSON BY LESSON TERM 4
Dr Drawings b2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 6 180 00
09 Bank CPJ5 ✔ 554 00
✔ 6 734 00 (3)
Dr Vehicles b4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 71 467 00
04 Bank CPJ5 ✔ 76 500 00
✔ 147 967 00 (3)
Dr Equipment b5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 7 068 00
16 Creditors control CJ5 ✔ 6 600 00
✔ 13 668 00 (3)
Dr Debtors Control b7 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013 2013
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 1 140 00 May 31 Bank CRJ5 ✔ 5 691 00
31 Sales DJ5 ✔ 5 589 00 Balance c/d ✔ 1 038 00
6 729 00 6 729 00
2013
Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 1 038 00 (5)
Dr Bank b8 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013 2013
May 31 Total receipts CRJ5 ✔ 38 015 00 May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 8 825 00
Balance c/d ✔ 68 935 50 31 Total payments CPJ5 ✔ 98 125 50
106 950 50 106 950 50
2013
Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 68 935 50 (5)
Dr Creditors Control b9 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013 2013
May 31 Bank CPJ5 ✔ 11 695 50 May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 27 082 00
Balance c/d ✔ 31 608 00 31 Sundry purchases CJ5 ✔ 16 221 50
43 303 50 43 303 50
2013
Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 31 608 00 (5)
Nominal accounts
Dr Sales n1 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 81 600 00
31 Bank CRJ5 ✔ 4 824 00
Debtors control DJ5 ✔ 5 589 00
✔ 92 013 00 (4)
Dr Cost of Sales n2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 54 400 00
31 Trading stock DJ5 ✔ 4 358 00
Trading stock CRJ5 ✔ 3 216 00
✔ 61 974 00 (4)
Dr Fuel n4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 580 00
04 Bank CPJ5 ✔ 523 00
✔ 1 103 00 (3)
Dr Telephone n5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 479 00 (1)
Dr Salaries n6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 9 372 00
27 Bank CPJ5 ✔ 4 880 00
✔ 14 252 00 (3)
Dr Rent Income n8 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 7 500 00
31 Bank CRJ5 ✔ 3 500 00
✔ 11 000 00 (3)
H Bosman C2
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (–) Credit (+) Balance
2013
May 01 Account rendered ✔ 4 300 00
Lebo Suppliers C3
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (–) Credit (+) Balance
2013
May 01 Account rendered ✔ 20 893 00
Activity 17.5
1. Middle and Higher order (52)
NOTE: The high mark-up percentage of 190% that learners have
to calculate is considered unethical business practice. It is only
used here for ease of calculation.
Cash Receipts Journal of Slamet Stores for April 2014 CRJ4
Doc. Day Details Fol. Analysis of Bank Sales Cost of Debtors Sundry accounts
no. receipts sales control Amount Fol. Details
87 04 D Slamet 29 162 00 ✔ 29 162 00 29 162 00 B1 Capital ✔
88 13 T Baxter D1 1 060 00 ✔ 1 060 00
CRR Sales 2 175 00 ✔ 3 235 00 ✔ 2 175 00 ✔ 750 00
CRR 16 Sales 2 958 00 ✔ 2 958 00 ✔ 1 020 00
89 L Zoar D3 350 00 ✔ 3 308 00 ✔ 350 00
Rent
90 30 R Philander 1 246 00 1 246 00 N3 income ✔
91 J Domingo D2 13 329 30 ✔ 14 575 30 ✔ 13 329 30
✔ 50 280 30 5 133 00 1 770 00 14 739 30 30 408 00 (14)
B8 N1 N2/B6 B7
Dr Drawings b2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014
Apr 01 Balance b/d ✔ 5 935 00
05 Bank CPJ4 ✔ 345 00
✔ 6 280 00 (3)
Dr Vehicles b4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014
Apr 01 Balance b/d ✔ 50 900 00 (1)
Dr Equipment b5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014
Apr 01 Balance b/d ✔ 12 524 00
19 Creditors control CJ4 ✔ 2 899 00
✔ 15 423 00 (3)
Dr Trading Stock b6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014 2014
Apr 01 Balance b/d ✔ 10 745 00 Apr 30 Cost of sales CRJ4 ✔ 1 770 00
30 Bank CPJ4 ✔ 3 486 00 Cost of sales DJ4 ✔ 4 451 00
Creditors control CJ4 ✔ 7 162 85 Balance c/d ✔ 15 172 85
21 393 85 21 393 85
2014
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 15 172 85 (7)
Dr Bank b8 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014 2014
Apr 01 Balance b/d ✔ 22 836 00 Apr 30 Total payments CPJ4 ✔ 17 576 00
30 Total receipts CRJ4 ✔ 50 280 30 Balance c/d ✔ 55 540 30
73 116 30 73 116 30
2014
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 55 540 30 (5)
Dr Creditors Control b9 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014 2014
Apr 30 Bank CPJ4 ✔ 9 876 00 Apr 01 Balance b/d ✔ 6 253 00
Balance c/d ✔ 7 242 85 30 Sundry purchases CJ4 ✔ 10 865 85
17 118 85 17 118 85
2014
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 7 242 85 (5)
Nominal accounts
Dr Sales n1 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014
Apr 01 Balance b/d ✔ 221 125 00
30 Bank CRJ4 ✔ 5 133 00
Debtors control DJ4 ✔ 12 907 90
✔ 239 165 90 (4)
Dr Cost of Sales n2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014
Apr 01 Balance b/d ✔ 76 250 00
30 Trading stock CRJ4 ✔ 1 770 00
Trading stock DJ4 ✔ 4 451 00
✔ 82 471 00 (4)
Dr Rent Income n3 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014
Apr 01 Balance b/d ✔ 2 642 00
30 Bank CRJ4 ✔ 1 246 00
✔ 3 888 00 (3)
Dr Stationery n5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014
Apr 01 Balance b/d ✔ 942 00
18 Bank CPJ4 ✔ 516 00
30 Creditors control CJ4 ✔ 511 00
✔ 1 969 00 (4)
Dr Advertising n6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014
Apr 01 Balance b/d ✔ 323 00
19 Creditors control CJ4 ✔ 293 00
✔ 616 00 (3)
Dr Telephone n7 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014
Apr 01 Balance b/d ✔ 1 068 00
28 Bank CPJ4 ✔ 341 00
✔ 1 409 00 (3)
L Zoar D3
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (+) Credit (–) Balance
2014
Apr 01 Account rendered ✔ 700 00
07 Invoice no. 321 DJ4 ✔ 1 461 60 2 161 60
16 Receipt no. 89 CRJ4 ✔ 350 00 ✔ 1 811 60 (4)
Cekiso Suppliers C2
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (–) Credit (+) Balance
2014
Apr 01 Account rendered ✔ 2 423 00
19 Invoice no. 117 CJ4 ✔ 3 192 00 5 615 00
23 Cheque no. 112 CPJ4 ✔ 2 423 00 ✔ 3 192 00 (4)
Boyd Traders C3
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (–) Credit (+) Balance
2014
Apr 01 Account rendered ✔ 107 00
04 Cheque no. 107 CPJ4 ✔ 107 00 0 00
27 Invoice no. 119 CJ4 ✔ 3 694 85 ✔ 3 694 85 (4)
Activity 17.6
1. Middle and Higher order (66)
Cash Receipts Journal of Nani Traders for March 2017 CRJ3
Doc. Day Details Fol. Analysis of Bank Sales Cost of Debtors Sundry accounts
no. receipts sales control
Amount Fol. Details
46 01 A Kelby D2 342 00 ✔ 342 00
CRR Sales 544 00 ✔ 886 00 ✔ 544 00 ✔ 340 00
CRR 04 Sales 480 00 ✔ 480 00 ✔ 300 00
47 J Agulhas D3 165 00 ✔ 645 00 ✔ 165 00
48 14 C Kurz D4 300 00 ✔ 300 00
Rent
49 J Majiet 1 000 00 ✔ 1 300 00 1 000 00 N8 income✔
A
50 27 Khonjwayo D1 850 00 ✔ 850 00
CRR Sales 720 00 ✔ 1 570 00 ✔ 720 00 ✔ 450 00
A
51 28 Khonjwayo D1 484 00 ✔ 484 00 ✔ 484 00
Dr Drawings b2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 3 850 00
07 Bank CPJ3 ✔ 460 00
27 Bank CPJ3 ✔ 120 00
✔ 4 430 00 (4)
Dr Vehicles b4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 26 800 00 (1)
Dr Equipment b5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 38 250 00
03 Creditors control CJ3 ✔ 8 580 00
04 Bank CPJ3 ✔ 3 800 00
✔ 50 630 00 (4)
Dr Trading Stock b6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017 2017
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 4 820 00 Mar 31 Cost of sales DJ3 ✔ 888 75
31 Bank CPJ3 ✔ 7 610 00 Cost of sales CRJ3 ✔ 1 090 00
Creditors control CJ3 ✔ 6 645 00 Balance c/d ✔ 17 096 25
19 075 00 19 075 00
2017
Apr 01 Balance b/d ✔ 17 096 25 (7)
Dr Debtors Control b7 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017 2017
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 2 120 00 Mar 31 Bank CRJ3 ✔ 2 141 00
31 Sales DJ3 ✔ 1 422 00 Balance c/d ✔ 1 401 00
3 542 00 3 542 00
2017
Apr 01 Balance b/d ✔ 1 401 00 (5)
Dr Creditors Control b8 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017 2017
Mar 31 Bank CPJ3 ✔ 3 882 00 Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 5 245 00
Balance c/d ✔ 17 346 00 31 Sundry purchases CJ3 ✔ 15 983 00
21 228 00 21 228 00
2017
Apr 01 Balance b/d ✔ 17 346 00 (5)
Dr Bank b9 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017 2017
Mar 31 Balance b/d ✔ 5 709 00 Mar 31 Total payments CPJ3 ✔ 18 209 00
Total receipts CPJ3 ✔ 4 885 00
Balance c/d ✔ 7 615 00
18 209 00 18 209 00
2017
Apr 01 Balance b/d ✔ 7 615 00 (5)
Nominal accounts
Dr Sales n1 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 18 080 00
31 Bank CRJ3 ✔ 1 744 00
Debtors control DJ3 ✔ 1 422 00
✔ 21 246 00 (4)
Dr Cost of Sales n2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 11 300 00
31 Trading stock DJ3 ✔ 888 75
Trading stock CRJ3 ✔ 1 090 00
✔ 13 278 75 (4)
Dr Stationery n3 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 210 00
18 Bank CPJ3 ✔ 45 00
31 Creditors control CJ3 ✔ 695 00
✔ 950 00 (4)
Dr Wages N4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 2 410 00
31 Bank CPJ3 ✔ 1 510 00
✔ 3 920 00 (3)
Dr Packing Material n5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 635 00
28 Creditors control CJ3 ✔ 63 00
✔ 698 00 (3)
Dr Telephone n6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 370 00 (1)
Dr Rent Income n8 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 1 440 00
14 Bank CRJ3 ✔ 1 000 00
✔ 2 440 00 (3)
Dr Insurance n9 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017
Mar 28 Bank CPJ3 ✔ 582 00 (1)
A Kelby D2
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (+) Credit (–) Balance
2017
Mar 01 Account rendered ✔ 1 345 00
Receipt no. 46 CRJ3 ✔ 342 00 1 003 00
27 Invoice no. 141 DJ3 ✔ 128 00 ✔ 1 131 00 (4)
J Agulhas D3
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (+) Credit (–) Balance
2017
Mar 01 Account rendered ✔ 165 00
C Kurz D4
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (+) Credit (–) Balance
2017
Mar 01 Account rendered ✔ 300 00
14 Receipt no. 48 CRJ3 ✔ 300 00 ✔ 0 00 (3)
E Carlse C2
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (–) Credit (+) Balance
2017
Mar 01 Account rendered ✔ 1 386 00
04 Cheque no. 182 CPJ3 ✔ 1 386 00 ✔ 0 00 (3)
Writer’s Shoppe C3
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (–) Credit (+) Balance
2017
Mar 01 Account rendered ✔ 724 00
28 Invoice no. 307 CJ3 ✔ 274 00 ✔ 998 00 (3)
R Jones C4
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (–) Credit (+) Balance
2017
Mar 01 Account rendered ✔ 1 576 00
09 Invoice no. 305 CJ3 ✔ 3 040 00 ✔ 4 616 00 (3)
AllSorts C5
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (–) Credit (+) Balance
2017
Mar 01 Account rendered ✔ 329 00
03 Invoice no. 303 CJ3 ✔ 10 445 00 ✔ 10 774 00 (3)
Activity 17.7
B9 N1 N2/B6 N4 B7
Dr Trading Stock b6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019 2019
Nov 01 Balance b/d ✔ 168 520 00 Nov 30 Cost of sales DJ3 ✔ 3 200 00
30 Bank CPJ3 ✔ 40 700 00 Cost of sales CRJ3 ✔ 6 102 00
Creditors control CJ3 ✔ 26 950 00 Balance c/d ✔ 226 868 00
236 170 00 236 170 00
2019
Dec 01 Balance b/d ✔ 226 868 00 (7)
Dr Bank b9 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019 2019
Nov 01 Balance b/d ✔ 12 550 00 Nov 30 Total payments CPJ3 ✔ 94 500 00
30 Total receipts CRJ3 ✔ 164 083 00 Balance c/d ✔ 82 133 00
176 633 00 176 633 00
2019
Dec 01 Balance b/d ✔ 82 133 00 (5)
Nominal accounts
Dr Sales n1 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019
Nov 01 Balance b/d ✔ 98 700 00
30 Bank CRJ3 ✔ 9 153 00
Debtors control DJ3 ✔ 4 800 00
✔ 112 653 00 (4)
Dr Cost of Sales n2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019
Nov 01 Balance b/d ✔ 65 800 00
30 Trading stock CRJ3 ✔ 6 102 00
Trading stock DJ3 ✔ 3 200 00
✔ 75 102 00 (4)
Dr Rent Income n3 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019
Nov 01 Balance b/d ✔ 34 650 00
03 Bank CRJ3 ✔ 9 900 00
✔ 44 550 00 (3)
Dr Current Income n4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019
Nov 01 Balance b/d ✔ 1 200 00
30 Bank CRJ3 ✔ 435 00
✔ 1 635 00 (3)
Dr Consumable Goods n6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019
Nov 01 Balance b/d ✔ 3 127 00
30 Bank CPJ3 ✔ 16 500 00
Creditors control CJ3 ✔ 27 500 00
✔ 47 127 00 (4)
Activity 17.8
Higher order (46)
There are a few calculations that you need to help the learners with. If
they are struggling, work through the answers to the missing figures
beforehand.
Dr Creditors Control b9 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2015 2015
Jun 30 Bank ✔ CPJ6 ✔ 20 900 00 Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 107 100 00
Balance c/d ✔ 248 737 00 30 Sundry purchases ✔ CJ6 ✔ 162 537 00
269 637 00 269 637 00
2015
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 248 737 00 (7)
Dr Cost of Sales n2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2015
Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 2 580 600 00
30 Trading stock ✔ CRJ6 ✔ 626 200 00
Trading stock ✔ DJ6 ✔ 224 400 00
✔ 3 431 200 00 (6)
Dr Stationery n3 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2015
Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 23 460 00
16 Bank ✔ CPJ6 ✔ 12 750 00
30 Creditors control ✔ CJ6 ✔✔ 11 220 00
✔ 47 430 00 (7)
Activity 17.10
1. Higher order (7)
Learners should first calculate the balance of L Mhlopo:
R2 834 – R1 492 – R688 = R654
General Ledger of Shero Traders
Dr Debtors Control Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2013 2013
Jun 01 Balance b/d ✔ 2 834 00 Jun 31 Bank ✔ CRJ ✔ 4 225 00
30 Sales ✔ DJ ✔ 5 630 00 Balance c/d ✔ 4 239 00
8 464 00 8 464 00
2013
Jul 01 Balance b/d ✔ 4 239 00
Consolidation
Indicate the effect of each of the following transactions on the
accounting equation.
Transactions
01 The owner increased his capital contribution by 25% to R20 000.
02 Received rent for the month from Thomas Services, R800.
03 Bought merchandise on credit from Tak Traders, R370 less 10%
trade discount.
04 Sold merchandise on credit to D Parsons, R99 (cost price R62).
05 Paid L Amber by cheque in payment of the business account, R370.
06 The owner took a cash cheque of the business to pay his personal
telephone account of R100.
Topic
UnitBusiness
1 plan
18 Learner’s Book pages 238—251 Duration: 6 hours
Lesson 2
• Begin by talking about planning, using the text in the Learner’s
Book pages 238–239. Ensure that this discussion is relevant to the
learners’ lives, and not only to the business context.
Lesson 3
• This week you will start teaching the format of a business plan.
Talk about why the learners think a standardised format would be
useful, and why it is best to follow a standardised format instead
of presenting information in your own way.
• Ask them what they think a good format would look like, given
the components that need to go into a business plan.
• Work through the diagram in Figure 18.3 of the Learner’s Book
giving the format of a business plan.
• Discuss the front cover using Figure 18.4 and table of contents
using Figure 18.5 of the Learner’s Book.
• Do Activity 18.1.
• Learners do this activity in class time. Give them time to discuss
the questions.
Lesson 4
• Continue with the format of a business plan. Ask learners why
they think it is important to describe the business’s goods or
services in a business plan.
• Talk about business goals, revising the content you taught in
Grade 7. Spend some time on vision statements. Use the Learner’s
Book examples and your own resources to teach learners what
makes a good vision statement.
• Do Activity 18.2.
• Let the learners have some fun defining a business and writing a
vision statement for it. Ensure that they spend this time defining
the business and its goals so that they know what to write in their
vision statements.
• Allow time for report-backs to the class. The groups should enjoy
hearing what their peers came up with in this activity. Encourage
and reward creative and critical thinking.
Lesson 6
• Start by working through and discussing the learners’ answers for
Activity 18.3.
• Talk about the management plan and its importance. Link this
to the content you taught about general management when you
taught the business functions last term.
• Revise the SWOT analysis from Grade 7 using Figure 18.8 in the
Learner’s Book.
• Talk about the importance of the SWOT analysis in the context
of a business plan.
• Do Activity 18.4.
• Learners complete this activity in class.
Lesson 7
• Start by going through the learners’ answers to Activity 18.4.
• Move on to the financial plan. Discuss this plan and its
importance. Link this to the content you taught about finance
when you taught the business functions last term.
• Recap fixed and variable costs, break-even points and mark-ups
from Entrepreneur’s Day in Grade 7 and the Income Statement
from Grade 8.
• Work through the profit percentage calculation with the learners
and give them some examples to calculate in pairs.
• Do Activity 18.5.
• Conclude by referring to the diagram about the format of the
business plan in Figure 18.3 of the Learner’s Book to summarise
and recap.
Answers
Activity 18.1
1. Lower order (3)
A business plan is a formal, written plan ✔ that gives a detailed
description ✔ of how a business is going to achieve its goals. ✔
Activity 18.2
1. Lower order (3)
A business’s vision statement is a statement of what the business
aims to achieve ✔ in the medium term or the long term. ✔
The vision statement helps managers to choose the best actions
to take to reach the business’s goals. ✔
2. Higher order (5)
Learners take some time to talk about exactly how they see the
business so that they have a base on which to build their vision
statements. Let them work freely and creatively and use some
entrepreneurial initiative, but make sure that the vision statement
is not simply a marketing slogan. They must have defined the
business well enough for the vision statement to give the business’s
medium-term and long-term goals.
Activity 18.3
1. Middle order (4)
Preparing it helps you to make sure that your production process
is properly planned. ✔ Production equipment is a large part
of a business’s start-up costs, ✔ so if you are using the business
plan to apply for start-up capital, ✔ potential investors want to
see that you have spent lots of time planning and organising the
production function. ✔
Activity 18.4
1.–3. Higher order (19)
1. Learners do their own SWOT analysis of the Whale View
Restaurant and Coffee Shop. Ensure that they write an accurate
conclusion that shows that there are more opportunities and
strengths than threats and weaknesses about the business idea.
Check that they have come up with strategies to overcome the
threats and weaknesses that could affect the business negatively.
2. Learners’ answers could be structured as follows:
STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES
• Setting ✔ • Whale season is a very busy time,
• Tourist trade is guaranteed every so the coffee shop will need more
year at whale season ✔ staff, but it cannot maintain its
• Tourists visit Hermanus staff numbers all year as there is
throughout the year not enough business ✔
• When people are on holiday, • The owner has run restaurants
they like to take a break from before but may not be familiar
preparing meals and treat with coffee shop trade in small
themselves to things like coffee towns such as Hermanus ✔
and cake ✔
Activity 18.5
1. Lower order (2)
The financial plan is the business owner’s opportunity to show
that the business’s finances have been planned thoroughly ✔ and
that the business is financially viable. ✔
2. Lower order (8)
The financial plan states what the business’s financial goals are. ✔
It gives information about how much financing the business needs
to start up or to expand. ✔ This includes information about how
much money the owners have to invest in the business. ✔ It also
states the capital sources that the owners are investigating. ✔ The
financial plan also gives the following information:
• Fixed and variable costs ✔
• Break-even points ✔
• Mark-ups on sales ✔
• The profit percentage. ✔
3. Middle order (4)
Potential investors want to see that the owners are innovative
and plan to look in many different places for capital. ✔ They
also want to see that the owners are willing to make sacrifices for
the business by investing their own capital into the business. ✔
This tells investors that the owners are serious about the business
✔ and will work hard to make the business a success to get the
money back that they put in. ✔
Extension
• A well-designed logo on the front cover of a business plan gives
the business a professional look. It tells people that you have
given thought to how the business is branded. Think about a
business that you would like to start. Write down what it is and
what it would do. Write a vision statement for the business, and
design a logo and an overall look for the business’s branding.
Write some notes about why you chose the logo and branding
that you did. What does it say about you, and what does it say
about your business to potential investors?
Learners give their own business idea, business description, vision
statement, logo and branding ideas. They write about why they
designed the logo and branding as they did and explain how the
logo, vision statement and branding say something about them
and their business to potential investors.
• Write a short paragraph about why you think branding is part
of marketing a business.
Learners give their own opinions.
Rent
451 M Schaiffer ✔1 250 00 ✔10 025 00 ✔1 250 00 N3 income✔
B7 N1 N2/B5 B6 (25)
✔ ✔652 00 B2 Drawings✔
B7 B5 N4 B8 (22)
B8 B5 N5 (12)
Dr Drawings b2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019
May 01 Balance b/d 19 204 00 ✔
20 176 00 ✔
Dr Equipment b4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019
May 01 Balance b/d 41 356 00 ✔
46 237 00 ✔
Dr Trading Stock b5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019 2019
May 01 Balance✔ b/d 47 354 00 May 31 Cost of sales✔✔ CRJ5 7 840 00
31 Bank✔✔ CPJ5 6 600 00 Cost of sales✔✔ DJ5 2 670 00
Creditors control✔✔ CJ5 3 604 00 Balance✔ c/d 47 048 00
57 558 00 57 558 00
2019
Jun 01 Balance b/d 47 048 00
Dr Bank b7 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019 2019
May 01 Balance✔ b/d 11 611 00 May 31 Total payments✔✔ CPJ5 17 541 00
31 Total receipts✔✔ CRJ5 25 474 80 Balance✔ c/d 19 544 80
37 085 80 37 085 80
2019
Jun 01 Balance✔ b/d 19 544 80
Dr Creditors Control b8 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019 2019
May 31 Bank✔✔ CPJ5 2 660 00 May 01 Balance✔ b/d 8 778 00
Balance✔ c/d 15 766 00 31 Sundry purchases✔✔ CJ5 9 648 00
18 426 00 18 426 00
2019
Jun 01 Balance✔ b/d 15 766 00
Nominal accounts
Dr Sales n1 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019
May 01 Balance✔ b/d 227 600 00
31 Bank✔✔ CRJ5 10 584 00
Debtors control✔✔ DJ5 4 806 00
✔ 242 990 00
Dr Cost of Sales N2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 113 800 00
✔ 124 310 00
Dr Rent Income n3 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019
May 01 Balance✔ b/d 17 422 00
✔ 19 872 00
Dr Stationery n5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 5 010 00
02 Bank CPJ5 ✔✔ 53 00
✔ 5 294 00
✔ 2 353 00
Dr Packing Material n7 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 733 00
✔ 1 665 00
Dr Salaries n8 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 62 378 00
✔ 63 978 00
Dr Telephone n9 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2019
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 4 714 00
(84)
1.3 Middle order
Debtors Ledger of Adams Traders
L April D1
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (+) Credit (–) Balance
2019
May 01 Account rendered✔ 987 00
M Alexander D3
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (+) Credit (–) Balance
2019
May 01 Account rendered✔ 7 525 00
10 Receipt no. 449✔✔ CRJ5 5 525 00 2 000 00
22 Invoice no. 94✔✔ DJ5 1 548 00 3 548 00
A Botes C2
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (–) Credit (+) Balance
2019
May 01 Account rendered✔ 2 165 00
12 Invoice no. 147✔✔ CJ5 1 620 00 3 785 00
24 Invoice no. 149✔✔ CJ5 2 266 00 6 051 00
W de Jager C3
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (–) Credit (+) Balance
2019
May 01 Account rendered✔ 4 953 00
(17)
Activity 2: Revise ledgers
Middle and Higher order
General Ledger of Olivier Traders
Balance Sheet accounts
Dr Equipment b4 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 54 306 00
78 090 00
Dr Trading Stock b5 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017 2017
Mar 01 Balance✔ b/d 1 052 50 Mar 31 Cost of sales✔✔ DJ3 622 50
31 Bank✔✔ CPJ3 7 722 50 Cost of sales✔✔ CRJ3 5 307 00
Creditors control✔✔ CJ3 4 320 00 Balance✔ c/d 7 165 50
13 095 00 13 095 00
2017
Apr 01 Balance✔ b/d 7 165 50
Dr Debtors Control b6 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017 2017
Mar 01 Balance✔ b/d 377 00 Mar 31 Bank✔✔ CRJ3 250 00
31 Sales✔✔ DJ3 830 00 Balance✔ c/d 957 00
1 207 00 1 207 00
2017
Apr 01 Balance✔ b/d 957 00
Dr Creditors Control B8 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017 2017
Mar 31 Bank✔✔ CPJ3 4 620 00 Mar 01 Balance✔ b/d 1 060 10
Balance✔ c/d 3 683 00 31 Sundry purchases✔✔ CJ3 7 242 90
8 303 00 8 303 00
2017
Apr 01 Balance✔ b/d 3 683 00
Nominal accounts
Dr Sales n1 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017
Mar 01 Balance✔ b/d 89 700 00
31 Bank✔✔ CRJ3 7 076 00
Debtors control✔✔ DJ3 830 00
✔ 97 606 00
Dr Cost of Sales n2 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017
Mar 01 Balance c/d ✔ 67 275 00
✔ 73 204 50
Dr Stationery n3 Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2017
Mar 01 Balance b/d ✔ 633 00
✔ 1 529 90
(56)
Calculations of missing amounts:
1. Calculating the profit mark-up, using the balance figures:
(R89 700 – R67 275)
Profit % = _______________ × 100 = 33⅓
67 275
2. CRJ: Cost of sales
100
Cost of sales = _____ × R7 076 = R5 307
133⅓
3. DJ: Cost of sales
100
Cost of sales = _____ × R830 = R622,50
133⅓
(12)
Activity 4: Revise accounting equations
Middle and Higher order
GENERAL LEDGER
No. Source Journal Account Account A OE L
document debited credited
4.1 Duplicate CRJ✔ Bank✔ Capital✔ ✔+13 800 ✔+13 800
receipt ✔
4.2 Cheque CPJ✔ Trading stock ✔ Bank✔ ✔✔± R1 450
counterfoil✔
4.3 Cash register CRJ✔ Bank✔ Sales✔ ✔+543,75 ✔+543,75
roll✔ Cost of sales✔ Trading stock✔ ✔—435 ✔ —435
4.4 Original invoice CJ✔ Trading stock✔ Creditors ✔+7 264 ✔+7 264
✔ control✔
4.5 Duplicate receipt CRJ✔ Bank✔ Debtors ✔✔± 306
✔ control✔
4.6 Cheque CPJ✔ Insurance✔ Bank✔ ✔—245 ✔—245
counterfoil ✔ Drawings✔ Bank✔ ✔—105 ✔—105
Formal assessment
For information on how to assess learner’s assignments, controlled
tests, examinations, case studies and projects, please see Section 3
of this Teacher’s Guide.
QUESTION 2
2.1 C
2.2 M
2.3 F
2.4 B
2.5 G
2.6 E
2.7 I
2.8 L
2.9 D
2.10 K (10 × 2 = 20)
QUESTION 3
Selling Price % profit on cost Cost
(% mark-up)
R150 50% R100✔✔
R500 25% R400✔✔
R800 60%✔✔ R500
R385✔✔ 10% R350
R60 20%✔✔ R50
(5 × 2 = 10)
QUESTION 4
4.1 True
4.2 False
4.3 False
4.4 True
4.5 False (5 × 2 = 10)
(12)
QUESTION 6
Role of government:
• Collects taxes from households and businesses
• Uses money to provide goods and services for households and
businesses to buy
• Employs households and pays their wages and salaries
• Employs businesses as service providers, contractors, etc.
(any 3 × 1 = 3)
Role of businesses:
• They are manufacturers
• Provide goods and services to households
• Receive money from households for goods and services
• Pay wages and salaries to households for labour
• Pay taxes to the government on profits earned
• Receive goods and services from the government
(any 3 × 1 = 3)
Role of households:
• Households include consumers of goods and services
• Spend money on goods and services
• Pay taxes to the government on the income they earn (PAYE)
• Receive goods and services from the government, e.g. healthcare,
education, roads
• Earn salaries and wages in exchange for labour
(any 3 × 1 = 3)
R1000
S
R900
R700
üü
R600 Demand curve
(D)
R500
R400
R300
D
R200
R100
Quantity
Dr Trading Stock Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014 2014
Apr 01 Balance b/d ✔ 2 600 00 Apr 30 Cost of sales ✔ CRJ3 ✔ 8 600 00
30 Bank ✔ CPJ3 ✔ 8 400 00 Cost of sales ✔ DJ3 ✔✔ 2 800 00
Creditors control ✔ CJ3 ✔ 1 700 00
(10)
Dr Creditors Control Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014 2014
Apr 30 Bank ✔ CPJ3 ✔✔ 1 705 00 Apr 01 Balance b/d ✔ 920 00
30 Sundry purchases ✔ CJ3 ✔✔ 5 010 00
✔ DATES (7)
✔ FOLIO NUMBERS
[28]
11.2 The overseas tourists will stay with South Africans, eat their
food and experience Cape hospitality. ✔✔
265
SBA Examination
Term 1: 150
Term 2: 150 Written examination: 200
Term 3: 150
Convert to 40% Convert to 60%
Year mark: SBA + end-of-year examination = 100%
Resources
Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement
Photocopies of (CAPS) content
assessment rubric
• The three major economic systems:
– planned economy
– market economy
– mixed economy
• Origin of each economic system
• Advantages and disadvantages of each economic system
• Characteristics of each economic system
• The global economy
Background
In this task, learners are required to:
• Write an essay in which they discuss, compare and contrast
the three main economic systems: planned economies, market
economies and mixed economies.
• Talk about what the three types of economic systems are; how
they are similar; how they are different; their advantages and their
disadvantages.
• Do their own research and write one paragraph in which they
briefly describe an example of each type of economy.
Rubric
Use the following rubric to assess learners’ assignments.
Memorandum
Learners must talk about:
1. What the three types of economic systems are (4)
2. How they are similar (10)
3. How they are different (10)
4. Their advantages (10)
5. Their disadvantages. (10)
They must also do their own research and write one paragraph in
which they briefly describe an example of each type of economy. (6)
How they are similar: The aim of an economic system is to solve the
economic problem. ✔✔ The economic problem is how to meet the
endless wants and needs of people ✔✔ with limited resources. ✔✔
Someone has to decide what to produce and how to produce it, ✔
how much to charge for the product or service ✔ and how to share
it out among the people of the country (distribution). ✔ Different
countries have come up with different ways of doing this. These ways
are economic systems. ✔
Economic systems
In this assignment, you are required to write an essay in which you
discuss, compare and contrast the three main economic systems:
planned economies, market economies and mixed economies.
Talk about:
1. What the three types of economic systems are (4)
2. How they are similar (10)
3. How they are different (10)
4. Their advantages (10)
5. Their disadvantages. (10)
Also do your own research and write one paragraph in which you
briefly describe an example of each type of economy. (6)
Your teacher will use the following rubric to assess your assignment.
Rubric
Rating code Description of competence Percentage
7 Outstanding achievement: the group worked well together 80—100
to formulate a questionnaire, asked the questions
effectively and respectfully and each member of the group
submitted a comprehensive, well-written report in time.
6 Meritorious achievement: the group worked well together 70—79
to formulate a good questionnaire, asked questions
respectfully, and each group member submitted a well-
written report on time.
5 Substantial achievement: the group mostly worked 60—69
well together to formulate a good questionnaire, asked
questions respectfully, and most group members submitted
well-written reports on time.
4 Adequate achievement: the group worked together to formulate 50—59
an adequate questionnaire, asked questions respectfully,
and some group members submitted reports on time.
3 Moderate achievement: the group struggled to work 40—49
together, formulated a questionnaire that was not
comprehensive, asked questions respectfully, and some
group members submitted reports on time.
2 Elementary achievement: the group could not work together 30—39
to formulate a comprehensive questionnaire. They relied on
the shop steward to volunteer information and take the lead,
and few group members submitted reports on time.
1 Not achieved: the group did not function, did not formulate 0—29
a questionnaire or arrange a shop steward interview, and no
reports were submitted.
Resources
Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement
Photocopies of (CAPS) content
assessment rubric
• Law of demand and a graphical illustration of the demand curve
• Law of supply and graphical illustration of the supply curve
• Equilibrium price and quantity
• Change in quantity demanded
• Change in quantity supplied
• Increase and decrease in demand
• Increase and decrease in supply
• Graphical illustration of the change in demand and the change
in supply
Background
In this task, learners are required to:
• Use the information given to answer relevant questions.
• Show an understanding and retention of the relevant theory.
• Use a real-life case study/scenario/information to apply their
knowledge of the topic.
Rubric
Fifteen years ago, South Africans were not familiar with the wide range of coffee-drinking
options that people in the USA and Europe have been used to for many years. American
coffee-shop chain Starbucks was founded in 1971. Today, there are over 20 000 Starbucks
shops in countries of the world. Since many international companies did not invest in South
Africa during apartheid, South Africans were not exposed to the Starbucks coffee-drinking
culture.
Today, with exposure in South Africa to cultures and businesses from all over the world, a
uniquely South African style of coffee shop is becoming more and more popular. An example
of such a coffee shop is Vida e Caffè, which has 51 outlets in South Africa. These outlets serve
many different styles of coffee, such as lattes, cappuccinos, frozen coffees and espressos.
They are trendy and fun, and they make a lot of money.
Suppose that in 1980s, the suburb of Cambridge in East London had one coffee shop called
Theo’s. Theo’s only served normal filter coffee. Theo’s coffee sales were doing well, so he
decided to put up his prices. He also tried a December special, where he offered coffee at
a lower price. When he charged R2,00 for a coffee for his special December offer, he would
sell 300 coffees per month. At his normal price of R2,50 per coffee, he sold 200 coffees in a
month. And when he put up his price to R3,00 a coffee, he sold 100 coffees a month.
Price
R2,50
R2,00
P1
Theo ‘s business does well until 2005, when a plant disease attacks
coffee plantations. It spreads throughout South America, where most
of Perc Up’s beans are grown. This affects supply.
Price Quantity
R20,00 400
R15,00 600
R10,00 800
Price
R15
R10
P1
Theo spends some time analysing his business records and extracts
the following figures about the relationship between demand, supply
and price in his business:
8. Draw a graph showing the equilibrium price for Perc Up. (10)
Learners’ graphs look like this. Award marks as follows:
Two marks for the correct placement of and units on the x-axis
Two marks for the correct placement of and units on the y-axis
Two marks for the correct supply curve
Two marks for the correct demand curve
Two marks for the indication of the price and quantity at which
the curves intersect (10)
R25
R20
Price
R15
R10
Fifteen years ago, South Africans were not familiar with the wide range of coffee-drinking
options that people in the USA and Europe have been used to for many years. American
coffee-shop chain Starbucks was founded in 1971. Today, there are over 20 000 Starbucks
shops in countries of the world. Since many international companies did not invest in South
Africa during apartheid, South Africans were not exposed to the Starbucks coffee-drinking
culture.
Today, with exposure in South Africa to cultures and businesses from all over the world, a
uniquely South African style of coffee shop is becoming more and more popular. An example
of such a coffee shop is Vida e Caffè, which has 51 outlets in South Africa. These outlets serve
many different styles of coffee, such as lattes, cappuccinos, frozen coffees and espressos.
They are trendy and fun, and they make a lot of money.
Suppose that in 1980s, the suburb of Cambridge in East London had one coffee shop called
Theo’s. Theo’s only served normal filter coffee. Theo’s coffee sales were doing well, so he
decided to put up his prices. He also tried a December special, where he offered coffee at
a lower price. When he charged R2,00 for a coffee for his special December offer, he would
sell 300 coffees per month. At his normal price of R2,50 per coffee, he sold 200 coffees in a
month. And when he put up his price to R3,00 a coffee, he sold 100 coffees a month.
Theo ‘s business does well until 2005, when a plant disease attacks
coffee plantations. It spreads throughout South America, where most
of Perc Up’s beans are grown. This affects supply.
Price Quantity
R20,00 400
R15,00 600
R10,00 800
Theo spends some time analysing his business records and extracts
the following figures about the relationship between demand, supply
and price in his business:
8. Draw a graph showing the equilibrium price for Perc Up. (10)
Resources
Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement
Photocopies of (CAPS) content
assessment rubric
• The concept of trade unions
• A brief historical development of trade unions
• The roles and responsibilities of trade unions in South Africa
• The effect of trade unions in businesses
• The contribution of trade unions to sustainable growth and
development.
Background
This project requires learners to:
• Find out about the trade unions that represent workers in
businesses in their area. If they cannot find a business that has
organised workers, they contact any trade union that operates in
any business in your province.
• Work in groups to contact their chosen business; formulate
questions to ask the business’s shop steward about his or her trade
union work; interview the shop steward at the business or at
school and prepare a report about trade unions.
Rubric
Rating code Description of competence Percentage
7 Outstanding achievement: the 80—100
group worked well together
to formulate a questionnaire,
asked the questions effectively
and respectfully and each
member of the group submitted
a comprehensive, well-written
report in time.
6 Meritorious achievement: the 70—79
group worked well together to
formulate a good questionnaire,
asked questions respectfully, and
each group member submitted a
well-written report on time.
5 Substantial achievement: the 60—69
group mostly worked well
together to formulate a good
questionnaire, asked questions
respectfully, and most group
members submitted well-written
reports on time.
4 Adequate achievement: the group 50—59
worked together to formulate
an adequate questionnaire,
asked questions respectfully, and
some group members submitted
reports on time.
3 Moderate achievement: the 40—49
group struggled to work together,
formulated a questionnaire that
was not comprehensive, asked
questions respectfully, and
some group members submitted
reports on time.
2 Elementary achievement: the 30—39
group could not work together
to formulate a comprehensive
questionnaire. They relied on
the shop steward to volunteer
information and take the
lead, and few group members
submitted reports on time.
1 Not achieved: the group did not 0—29
function, did not formulate a
questionnaire or arrange a shop
steward interview, and no reports
were submitted.
Trade unions
In this project, your group is required to find out about the trade
unions that represent workers in businesses in your area. If you cannot
find a business that has organised workers, contact any trade union
that operates in any business in your province.
Rubric
Rating code Description of competence Percentage
7 Outstanding achievement: the 80—100
group worked well together
to formulate a questionnaire,
asked the questions effectively
and respectfully and each
member of the group submitted
a comprehensive, well-written
report in time.
6 Meritorious achievement: the 70—79
group worked well together to
formulate a good questionnaire,
asked questions respectfully, and
each group member submitted a
well-written report on time.
5 Substantial achievement: the 60—69
group mostly worked well
together to formulate a good
questionnaire, asked questions
respectfully, and most group
members submitted well-written
reports on time.
4 Adequate achievement: the group 50—59
worked together to formulate
an adequate questionnaire,
asked questions respectfully, and
some group members submitted
reports on time.
3 Moderate achievement: the 40—49
group struggled to work together,
formulated a questionnaire that
was not comprehensive, asked
questions respectfully, and
some group members submitted
reports on time.
2 Elementary achievement: the 30—39
group could not work together
to formulate a comprehensive
questionnaire. They relied on
the shop steward to volunteer
information and take the
lead, and few group members
submitted reports on time.
1 Not achieved: the group did not 0—29
function, did not formulate a
questionnaire or arrange a shop
steward interview, and no reports
were submitted.
Tests and examinations must cater for a range of cognitive levels. The
following is the suggested weighting for the Senior Phase:
Resources
Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement
Teacher’s Guide: (CAPS) content
pages 82–90
Content, knowledge and skills covered in Topics 2–5
A photocopy of the
test paper for each
learner
Background
• You will find a photocopiable copy of Controlled Test 1 on pages
82–90 of this guide. Photocopy the test for each learner.
• The first controlled test focuses on all material covered in Term 1
and should be written in Week 10 of Term 1.
• These controlled tests follow a similar format as the examinations.
The task
• The learners will find an examination practice paper on pages
110 –114 of the Learner’s Book. The marking memorandum to
this paper appears on pages 123 –125 of this guide (Section 2).
• Use the format of this mid-year examination practice paper
to prepare an actual mid-year examination paper. Refer to the
guidelines here and in the CAPS document to help you. The
Learner’s Book also has a Study skills section that might be useful.
The task
• The learners will find an examination practice paper on pages
258 –268 of the Learner’s Book. The marking memorandum to
this paper appears on pages 259–264 of this guide (Section 2).
• An end-of-year examination paper for the actual examination
appears on pages 302–312 of this guide (Section 4). Photocopy
this examination paper for the learners.
Learners’ names Formal Assessment Task 1 Formal Assessment Task 2 Formal Assessment Task 3
50 marks 50 marks 50 marks
MARK PERCENTAGE MARK PERCENTAGE MARK PERCENTAGE
FORMAL ASSESSMENT
297
6/5/13 6:23:21 PM
Record sheet for Controlled Tests 1 and 2
FORMAL ASSESSMENT
6/5/13 6:23:21 PM
EMS 9 TG (ENG).indb 299
Record sheet for Mid-year and End-of-year examinations
Class: Year:
FORMAL ASSESSMENT
299
6/5/13 6:23:21 PM
Economics and Management Sciences assessment record sheet
FORMAL ASSESSMENT
6/5/13 6:23:21 PM
4. Resources
1. A
ctual end-of-year examination paper
and marking memorandum 302
2. PowerPoint CD 318
3. List of useful reading material and
Internet resources 319
4. Glossary for teachers 320
5. Lesson plan template 324
301
SECTION A
QUESTION 1 [20 marks; 12 minutes]
TASK
Choose the correct answer and write down only the correct letter next
to the number.
1.3
Dr Cost of Sales Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
Trading stock CRJ 1 480 00
302 RESOURCES
1.7 Which one is not correct: The law of supply and demand states
the following:
A: Demand rises, price rises
B: Supply falls, price rises
C: Demand falls, price rises
D: Demand rises, price falls
1.9 The marketing plan of your business plan should contain the
following:
A: Target market
B: Initial costs
C: Breakeven point
D: Profit percentages
RESOURCES 303
2.1 When you sell on credit, you will be able to sell more stock,
because customers do not have to wait until they have cash to buy.
2.2 The most important income of a business concern is current income.
2.3 In the economic cycle, goods and services, money and factors of
production flow through the economy.
2.4 A unique selling point is a quality of a product or service that
makes consumers buy that product or service instead of others.
2.5 There are nine business functions, usually performed by different
departments in the business. (5 × 2 = 10)
Column A Column B
3.1 Economic problem A Actions designed to attract the
interest of the public
3.2 Collective bargaining B Are repaid within a period of
one year
3.3 Current liabilities C Stop working to force management
to increase your wages and improve
your working conditions
3.4 Projection D The amount supplied is greater than
the amount demanded
3.5 Market equilibrium E Incur a cost to obtain an income
price
3.6 Expense F How to satisfy unlimited needs and
wants with limited resources
3.7 Publicity G Owner’s interest in the business
3.8 Trading stock H An estimate of what will happen in
the future based on how things are
in the present
3.9 Balance I A process where workers and
businesses negotiate working
conditions
3.10 Strike J The price at which the supply of and
demand for a product is the same
K Established to protect and promote
workers' rights
L Difference between the debit and
credit sides of an account in the
General Ledger
M Goods that are being traded
(20)
304 RESOURCES
SECTION B
QUESTION 5 [19 marks; 11 minutes]
TASK
Answer the following questions.
5.1 List the THREE main economic systems used by all countries and
discuss each one briefly. (9)
5.2 Explain what is meant by a closed economy. (2)
5.3 List the FIVE participants of the economic cycle in a closed
economy. (5)
5.4 What is consumed and produced by the government in the
economic cycle? (3)
(19)
RESOURCES 305
(9)
306 RESOURCES
TASK
Post the items to the following accounts as provided on your
answer sheet.
NOTE: Balance the Trading Stock and Creditors Control accounts only.
No other additions or balancing are required. Folio numbers must be
indicated in all ledger accounts.
RESOURCES 307
(6)
Dr Trading Stock Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
(12)
Dr Creditors Control Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
(9)
Dr Sales Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
(5)
Dr Wages Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
(3)
[35]
308 RESOURCES
TASK
Answer the questions that follow.
Information
The following balances appear in the list of creditors on 30 September
2014.
Z East R1 520
Creditors control R2 690
U South R120
T West R?
K Winters R570
RESOURCES 309
(15)
SECTION D
QUESTION 11 [15 marks; 9 minutes]
TASK
Study the table below from the SARS website and answer the
questions.
11.1 Which of the imported goods fall under the primary sector? (2)
11.2 South Africa imports most of its goods from the __________
sector. (2)
11.3 From the above table it is clear that South Africa does not have
a strong manufacturing sector. Explain why it is important to
have a strong manufacturing sector. (2)
11.4 South Africa exports mainly metals and minerals. Name
THREE metals or minerals that South Africa exports. (3)
11.5 South Africa also exports agricultural products such as wheat
and maize. Name TWO circumstances when you think South
Africa will import agricultural products. (4)
11.6 Why do you think South Africa has to import crude oil? (2)
[15]
310 RESOURCES
DEPARTMENT RESPONSIBILITIES
FINANCE 1.
2.
PRODUCTION and 1.
PURCHASING 2.
MARKETING 1.
2.
ADMINISTRATION 1.
2.
HUMAN RESOURCES 1.
2.
PUBLIC RELATIONS 1.
(11)
List of responsibilities
a. Chooses the person with the best qualifications for the job
b. Promotes a positive public image of the company
c. Buys stock from the best suppliers at the lowest possible cost
d. Answers the telephone and emails
e. Chooses the best method of production for the goods
f. Advertises the goods
g. Manages the cash flow of the business
h. Works with unions
i. Finds the target market for the goods
j. Does all the filing
k. Keeps the assets of the business safe
RESOURCES 311
13.1 Calculate Patrick’s costs for making 25 gates using this example:
FIXED COSTS
Rent R2 500
Electricity R250
Bookkeeping R400
Advertising R250
Total fixed costs R__________
VARIABLE COSTS
Materials R11 250
Labour R3 750
Total variable costs R__________
(3)
312 RESOURCES
SECTION A
QUESTION 1
1.1 B ✔✔
1.2 D ✔✔
1.3 D ✔✔
1.4 C ✔✔
1.5 A ✔✔
1.6 B ✔✔
1.7 C ✔✔
1.8 D ✔✔
1.9 A ✔✔
1.10 A ✔✔ (10 × 2 = 20)
QUESTION 2
2.1 True ✔✔
2.2 False ✔✔
2.3 True ✔✔
2.4 True ✔✔
2.5 False ✔✔ (5 × 2 = 10)
QUESTION 3
3.1 F ✔✔
3.2 I ✔✔
3.3 B ✔✔
3.4 H ✔✔
3.5 J ✔✔
3.6 E ✔✔
3.7 A ✔✔
3.8 M ✔✔
3.9 L ✔✔
3.10 C ✔✔ (10 × 2 = 20)
QUESTION 4
4.1 collect, sell and distribute ✔✔✔
4.2 profit ✔
4.3 produce ✔
4.4 earn ✔
4.5 spend ✔
4.6 earn, taxes ✔✔
4.7 spends ✔ (10 × 1 = 10)
SECTION B
QUESTION 5
5.1 Market economic system: ✔
Government does not play an active role ✔
All economic decisions are made by private individuals ✔
RESOURCES 313
5.2 A closed economy does not trade with other economies; has
little or no interaction with other national economies. (2)
5.3 Households ✔
Businesses ✔
Government ✔
Goods and services market ✔
Factor market ✔ (5)
QUESTION 6
Demand Supply Price
Example: Why do High High Low
people buy more
grapes in December
than in July?
Why are oranges High ✔ Low ✔ High ✔
more expensive in
December than in
July?
Why is holiday High ✔ Low ✔ High ✔
accommodation more
expensive in the peak
holiday season?
Why do clothing Low ✔ High ✔ Low ✔
stores have sales
at the end of the
summer and winter
seasons?
(9)
QUESTION 7
7.1 Role of trade unions: Unions can organise the following:
• Workers can stop working and strike.
• Workers can stop working overtime or work less overtime.
• Workers can advertise their problems with posters and protests.
• Workers can picket – they can stand outside a workplace and
try to prevent people going into or out of the building.
314 RESOURCES
SECTION C
QUESTION 8
General Ledger of Lenro Traders
Dr Debtors Control Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014 2014
Apr 01 Balance b/d ✔ 12 328 00 Apr 30 Bank ✔ CRJ2 443✔✔ 00
30 Sales ✔ DJ2 ✔ 443 00
(6)
Dr Trading Stock Cr
Date Details Fol. Amount Date Details Fol. Amount
2014 2014
Apr 01 Balance b/d ✔ 8 800 00 Apr 30 Cost of sales ✔ CRJ2 ✔ 9 048 00
30 Bank ✔ CPJ2 ✔ 3 139 00 Cost of sales ✔ DJ2 ✔354 00
Creditors control ✔ CJ2 ✔ 5 948 00 Balance c/d ✔✔ 8 485 00
17 887 00 17 887 00
2014
May 01 Balance b/d ✔ 8 485 00
(12)
RESOURCES 315
(3)
[35]
QUESTION 9
9.1 R480✔✔
9.2 R988✔✔
9.3 Debit: Creditors control ✔ Credit: Bank ✔
9.4 R1 468✔✔
9.5 R1 100✔✔ (10)
QUESTION 10
ASSETS EQUITY LIABILITIES
Effect Reason Effect Reason Effect Reason
1. +580✔ Cash increases✔
—580✔ Debtors
decrease✔
2. +720✔ Debtors increase✔ +270✔✔ Profit✔
—450✔ Trading
stock✔decreases
3. —800✔ Cash decreases ✔ —800✔ Drawings✔
(15)
316 RESOURCES
QUESTION 12
DEPARTMENT RESPONSIBILITIES
FINANCE 1. Manages the cash flow of the business ✔
2. Keeps the assets of the business safe ✔
PRODUCTION and 1. Buys stock from the best suppliers at the
PURCHASING lowest possible cost ✔
2. Chooses the best method of production for
the goods ✔
MARKETING 1. Advertises the goods ✔
2. Finds the target market for the goods ✔
ADMINISTRATION 1. Answers the telephone and e-mails ✔
2. Does all the filing ✔
HUMAN RESOURCES 1. Chooses the person with the best
qualifications for the job ✔
2. Works with unions ✔
PUBLIC RELATIONS 1. Promotes a positive public image of the
company ✔
(11)
QUESTION 13
13.1 R3 400✔+ R15 000✔ = R18 400✔
27 400
13.3 ______ ✔
= R685 per gate
40
R1 000 – R685 = R315✔
R18 400
13.4 _______
= R736✔
25
R1 000 – R736 = R264
If he makes 25, he makes less profit; R264 instead of R315.
He should rather make 40 gates.✔✔ (14)
RESOURCES 317
318 RESOURCES
2. Stay abreast of current affairs and events that impact the South
African and global economies e.g. natural disasters, economic
changes, industrial action, financial crises and the development of
the emerging economies of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South
Africa (the BRICS countries).
RESOURCES 319
320 RESOURCES
RESOURCES 321
322 RESOURCES
RESOURCES 323
Topic of lesson:
Term/Week/Learner’s
Book page reference/
Time
Curriculum and
Assessment Policy
Statement (CAPS)
content:
Resources:
Preparation:
Informal assessment
of relevant activities:
Consolidation/
extension activities and
answers:
324 RESOURCES
325
7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Outstanding Meritorious Substantial Adequate Moderate Elementary Not achieved
(80—100%) (70—79%) (60—69%) (50—59%) (40—49%) (30—39%) (0—29%)
I understood exactly I understood what to I understood what to I understood more or I needed some help I needed quite a lot I did not understand
what to do and did do very well and did do well and did good less what to do and and completed some of help to do this. I the work at all. I need
outstanding work. very good work. work. completed most of of the work. was not sure what a lot of help.
ASSESSMENT TEMPLATES
the work. to do.
Comments on my work
1. What I liked about my work
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
6/5/13 6:23:23 PM
EMS 9 TG (ENG).indb 327
2. Peer assessment template
My name: ___________________________________________________________________________________
My partner’s name: __________________________________________________________________________
Date: ___________________________________ Activity: __________________________________________
Choose one of the columns to record how well your friend did this activity.
7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Outstanding Meritorious Substantial Adequate Moderate Elementary Not achieved
(80—100%) (70—79%) (60—69%) (50—59%) (40—49%) (30—39%) (0—29%)
I cannot find There are not many There are a few I think this needs a I think my partner I don’t think my I don’t think my
anything wrong things that can be things that can be bit more work and needs some help with partner understood partner understands
with this work. It is improved. It is very improved, but I think then it will be good. this. everything very well. this work at all.
excellent. good. this is good.
ASSESSMENT TEMPLATES
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
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3. Group assessment template
Criteria 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Outstanding Meritorious Substantial Adequate Moderate Elementary Not achieved
(80—100%) (70—79%) (60—69%) (50—59%) (40—49%) (30—39%) (0—29%)
We made decisions
together
Everyone contributed
ASSESSMENT TEMPLATES
ideas
We gave each other a
turn to talk
We followed the
instructions
We used the time to
work together
6/5/13 6:23:23 PM
6. Source documents and
journal templates
1. Cash Payments Journal 330
2. Cash Receipts Journal 331
3. General Ledger account 332
4. Trial Balance 333
5. Debtors Ledger 334
6. Creditors Ledger 334
7. Accounting Equation 335
8. Debtors Journal 335
9. Creditors Journal 336
10. Deposit slip 337
11. Cheque and cheque counterfoil 337
12. Receipt 338
13. Cash Invoice 338
329
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EMS 9 TG (ENG).indb 331
2.
6/5/13 6:23:24 PM
3.
________________________________ account
Dr _______________________ ___ Cr
Dr _______________________ ___ Cr
Dr _______________________ ___ Cr
Dr _______________________ ___ Cr
Nominal accounts
_________________________________________ _____
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (+) Credit (—) Balance
6.
Creditors Ledger of _________________________
_________________________________________ _____
Date Details/Document no. Fol. Debit (—) Credit (+) Balance
8.
Debtors Journal of ________________________________________ DJ____
Doc. Day Debtor Fol. Sales Cost of sales
no.
DEPOSIT SLIP
Bank
Date _______________________________________
Cash being deposited
Credit Account number
R c
Note
Silver
Bronze
Money orders
Sub-total
Cheques Drawer’s Bank
Branch name / clearance code
deposited name
1
2
3
Details of depositor
Name Total R
Signature Tel.
Deposit reference
11.
004-003
TO CHEQUE
FOR BRANCH
Balance R
Deposit R Pay:
Subtotal R The amount of rand R
Other debits R cent or Bearer
This cheque R
NO.
RECEIPT
Received from:
13.
NO.
CASH INVOICE
Date:
TO:
BOUGHT FROM:
E & OE
7. Documents
You can use this section to file the Curriculum and Assessment
Policy Statement (CAPS) for Economic and Management Sciences
(Grades 7—9) as well as other documentation received from the
Department of Basic Education.
339
Marietjie Barnard’s extended teaching experience has manifested in her being awarded for the National
Teaching Awards and in excellent national results. She has previously published with Cambridge when she
was the lead author of an Accounting course aimed at bridging the gap between Grades 9 and 10.
www.cup.co.za