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What is a Library?
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Introduction: A library is a collection of books, magazines, newspapers, and other materials made
available for people to borrow or use for reference. Libraries have been around for thousands of
years and are an essential part of society, providing everyone access to information and knowledge,
regardless of their background or financial means. They serve as a hub for education, research, and
leisure, allowing people to expand their horizons, explore new ideas, and connect with others who
share their interests. Libraries offer services beyond just lending books, including computer access,
community events, and educational programs. They are crucial in promoting literacy, intellectual

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freedom, and cultural diversity and are vital resources for individuals, communities, and society.

Library

A library is a place of knowledge and discovery where endless possibilities exist. When you walk
through the doors of a library, you are greeted by shelves upon shelves of books, magazines, and
newspapers, all waiting to be explored. The scent of paper and ink fills the air, and the peaceful
silence creates an atmosphere perfect for reading, studying, or relaxing.

The first thing you will notice when you enter a library is the wide variety of materials available.
There are books on every subject imaginable, from classic literature to modern bestsellers,
scientific journals, and historical biographies. You can find resources on art, music, business, and
technology, to name a few“. The library also provides access to online databases, e-books, and
audiobooks, making finding the information you need easier than ever. They are not just places for
reading, though. They are also centers for community engagement and learning. Many libraries host
events and programs for all ages, from storytimes for children to book clubs for adults. They offer
classes on computer skills, job searching, and language learning. Some libraries even have maker
spaces where patrons can learn and experiment with technology, such as 3D printing and coding.

In addition to the vast collection of resources and programs, libraries provide a welcoming and
inclusive environment. They are places where people of all ages, races, religions, and backgrounds

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can come together and learn from one another. Libraries offer free and equal access to information,
essential for democracy and civic engagement.

Libraries also have a long and rich history. Some of the world’s oldest libraries date back to ancient
civilizations, such as the Library of Alexandria in Egypt, founded in the 3rd century BC. Today,
libraries play a vital role in preserving and sharing knowledge and culture.

Definitions of Library

A library is a collection of books, magazines, newspapers, and other materials made available for
people to borrow or use for reference. Libraries have been around for thousands of years and are an
essential part of society, providing everyone access to information and knowledge, regardless of
their background or financial means. They serve as a hub for education, research, and leisure,
allowing people to expand their horizons, explore new ideas, and connect with others who share
their interests. Libraries offer services beyond just lending books, including computer access,
community events, and educational programs. They are crucial in promoting literacy, intellectual
freedom, and cultural diversity and are vital resources for individuals, communities, and society.

Rabindranath Tagore, the famous Indian poet, philosopher, and Nobel laureate, deeply appreciated
the value of libraries. In his view, a library was much more than just a collection of books. He
believed a library was a place of transformation where people could learn, grow, and be inspired.

According to Rabindranath Tagore, “A library can be thought of as a Tower of Silence — like a

sleeping child, which embodies the entrapped vibrations of an age-old ocean. Here language is still,
like a calm mass of water that has stopped flowing. Man’s unbounded enlightenment, shackled with
words, is imprisoned in the papers in black and white. If all these sublime aspirations of the quest
of human mind suddenly finds expression – if the rebellious words fly in all directions, it will be akin
to a torrent from the melted ice of the Himalayas. The library encloses within itself this very deluge
of the ardent expressions of human souls.”1

UNESCO (2020) define library as “Organisation, or part of an organisation, whose main aims are to
build and maintain a collection and to facilitate the use of such information resources and facilities
as are required to meet the informational, research, educational, cultural or recreational needs of its
users; these are the basic requirements for a library and do not exclude any additional resources
and services incidental to its main purpose.”2

S.R Ranganathan – “A library is a public institution or establishment charged with the care of books,
the duty of making them accessible those who require the use of them.”

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ALA (American Library Association) glossary of Library and information science “Library as a
collection of materials organized to provide physical bibliographical and intellectual access to
group with a staff that is trained to provide services and program related to information needs of
the target group.”3

Harrods librarian’s glossary and reference book define Library as:4

“1) A collection of books and other literary material kept for reading, study, and consultation.
2) A place, building, rooms, set apart for the keeping and use of a collection of books, etc.”

Types of Library

Libraries are invaluable resources that provide access to knowledge, information, and literature.
They come in many different forms, each with a unique purpose and target audience. There are
public libraries, academic libraries, special libraries, and more. Each type of library has its
collections, services, and mission tailored to the needs of its patrons. Understanding the different
types of libraries and what they offer can help individuals make the most of these valuable
resources.

Libraries can be divided into types based on various factors, including their physical existence,
collections, and services. One common way to categorize libraries is based on their physical
presence, including Academic Library, Public Library, Special Library, and National Libraries.

1. Academic Library: An academic library is located within a college or university and serves the
research and educational needs of students and faculty. Academic libraries have collections of
books, journals, and other materials tailored to specific academic disciplines, such as business, law,
medicine, or engineering.

The primary purpose of an academic library is to support the educational programs of the
institution it serves. This includes providing access to scholarly publications, textbooks, and other
essential resources for students and faculty to conduct research, write papers, and complete
coursework. It also provides study spaces, computer labs, and other amenities to support
academic pursuits. They may have reference librarians available to assist students and faculty with
their research needs and provide guidance on using library resources effectively.

Academic libraries can be further classified into different types based on the level of education they
serve. The most common types of academic libraries include school libraries, college libraries, and
university libraries.

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School Library: A school library serves the educational and research needs of elementary,
middle, and high school students and faculty. School libraries typically have collections of books
and other materials tailored to the student’s age and grade level. They may also provide
instructional materials, such as textbooks and curriculum guides, to support the teaching and
learning activities of the school.

College Library: A college library serves students, and faculty’s educational and research needs
in a community college or a four-year college or university. College libraries typically have
collections of books, journals, and other materials tailored to specific academic disciplines, such
as business, law, or engineering. They may also provide access to specialized databases and
other electronic resources to support the research needs of the college community.

University Library: A university library serves students, and faculty’s educational and research
needs in a large research university. University libraries typically have extensive collections of
books, journals, and other materials covering various academic disciplines. They may also have
specialized collections of rare books, manuscripts, and archives used for research and teaching.
In addition, university libraries often provide various services, such as interlibrary loans, reference
assistance, and instruction on how to use library resources effectively.

2. Public Library: A public library is a type of library that is open to the general public and provides
free access to a wide range of resources, including books, magazines, newspapers, DVDs, CDs, and
other materials. Public libraries are typically funded by local, state, or federal government and are
often located in community centers or other public spaces.

The primary purpose of a public library is to serve the local community’s educational, informational,
and recreational needs. Public libraries have collections of materials designed to appeal to various
interests, ages, and backgrounds. They may have materials in multiple languages, large print books,
audiobooks, and other formats to accommodate the needs of all patrons.

Public libraries are also often used as community hubs, providing a safe and welcoming space for
people to gather and connect. They serve as a place for people to study, work, and learn, as well as
for cultural events and other community activities.

3. Special Library: A special library is designed to serve the information needs of a specific
organization, group, or industry. These libraries are often found in corporations, law firms,
government agencies, hospitals, museums, and other specialized institutions.

The collections of special libraries are tailored to meet the specific information needs of their users.
For example, a law firm’s library may contain legal reference materials, such as case law, statutes,

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and legal treatises. In contrast, a hospital’s library may have medical journals, books on healthcare
policy, and medical texts.

Special libraries often have specialized librarians trained in the subject areas relevant to their users.
They provide a range of services, including research assistance, current awareness services, and
training on accessing and using specialized databases and other information resources.

4. National Library: A National Library is an institution that serves as the principal repository of a
country’s published works and cultural heritage. It plays a crucial role in preserving and promoting a
nation’s intellectual and cultural heritage. These libraries are typically established and funded by the
government and are responsible for collecting, cataloging, preserving, and providing access to the
nation’s intellectual output. National libraries have extensive collections of books, manuscripts,
maps, and other materials that are representative of the country’s heritage, culture, and history. In
addition to preserving materials, they provide research assistance, interlibrary loan services,
digitization, and preservation of materials. National libraries are often involved in developing and
implementing national policies related to intellectual property, copyright, and cultural preservation.
They serve as important cultural institutions essential to a country’s cultural and educational
infrastructure.

Based on the collections of the Libraries can be divided into Traditional Libraries, Automated
Libraries, Hybrid Libraries, Virtual Libraries, and Online Libraries.

1. Traditional Library: Traditional libraries have been around for centuries and have played a crucial
role in preserving and disseminating knowledge. These libraries primarily contain physical materials
such as books, journals, magazines, and newspapers, organized according to the subject matter.
Traditional libraries usually have a physical space where users can browse and borrow materials,
and they often have librarians who can assist users in locating the materials they need.

One of the most significant benefits of traditional libraries is the opportunity for users to interact
with physical books and other materials. This hands-on experience can be precious for students
and researchers who need to access primary sources or study rare materials. Traditional libraries
may also offer specialized collections, such as rare books or archives, which can provide a unique
perspective on historical events or cultural phenomena.

Another benefit of traditional libraries is the sense of community they can provide. Libraries have
historically been a place for people to come together and share knowledge, and they often host
events such as book clubs, lectures, and workshops. Additionally, traditional libraries may provide
spaces for study or research, which can be particularly valuable for students who need a quiet and
focused environment.

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While many libraries are now incorporating digital materials into their collections, traditional
libraries are essential for students, researchers, and anyone who enjoys reading and learning from
physical books. They provide a tangible connection to our collective history and culture and offer a
unique experience that cannot be replicated by digital resources alone.

2. Automated Library: An automated library, also known as a computerized library or a digital

library, uses technology to automate specific tasks such as cataloging, circulation, and
acquisitions. These libraries use specialized software to manage their collections and automate
routine tasks, making it easier for users to access and use library resources.

One of the key benefits of automated libraries is the speed and efficiency with which they can
manage their collections. The use of automated systems allows librarians to quickly and easily
catalog new materials and make them available to users. It also streamlines the borrowing process,
allowing users to check out materials and renew them online without interacting with a librarian.

Another benefit of automated libraries is providing remote access to digital materials. These
libraries often have a website or online portal where users can search for and access digital
resources such as e-books, e-journals, and multimedia materials. This can be particularly valuable
for users who cannot visit the physical library, such as distance learners or people with disabilities.

In addition to these benefits, automated libraries can provide valuable data and insights into library
usage. The software used by automated libraries can track borrowing patterns and provide
analytics on which materials are most frequently used. This information can help librarians make
informed decisions about collection development and resource allocation.

Hybrid Library: A hybrid library is a type of library that combines both physical and digital resources,
providing users with a wider range of materials and access options. These libraries allow users to
access materials in the best format, whether a physical book or an e-book. Hybrid libraries typically
have physical collections of books, other materials, and digital resources that can be accessed
online.

One of the key benefits of hybrid libraries is the ability to offer physical and digital resources in one
location. This allows users to access materials in the best format, whether they prefer to read a
physical book or an e-book. Hybrid libraries can also offer a wider range of resources than
traditional libraries since physical space constraints do not limit them.

Another benefit of hybrid libraries is the ability to provide remote access to materials. Users can
search for and access digital resources from anywhere with an internet connection, making it
easier to conduct research or access materials for distance learning. At the same time, users can

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also come to the physical library to access materials that are not available online or to work in a
quiet and focused environment.

Virtual Library: A virtual library is a type of library that is entirely digital, with no physical location.
These libraries can be accessed from anywhere with an internet connection and offer users access
to a wide range of resources, including e-books, academic journals, and multimedia materials.

One of the main benefits of virtual libraries is the convenience they offer. Users can access
materials from anywhere, any time, making it easier to conduct research or access materials for
distance learning. Virtual libraries also often offer 24/7 access to materials, allowing users to work
on their own schedule.

Another benefit of virtual libraries is the wide range of resources they offer. Because these libraries
do not have physical space constraints, they can offer a much wider range of materials than
traditional libraries. This includes access to databases and other resources that might not be
available in a physical library.

Virtual libraries can also offer new types of services and programs, such as online book clubs and
virtual research assistance. These libraries can use technology to connect users with librarians and
other resources in new and innovative ways, making the library more dynamic and engaging.

Online Library:  An online library is a type of library that offers digital resources and materials
through the Internet. These libraries may be part of a larger library system or exist independently.
They provide access to digital materials such as e-books, academic journals, research databases,
and other multimedia resources.

One of the main benefits of online libraries is that they can be accessed from anywhere with an
internet connection, making them convenient for users who may not have access to a physical
library or need to access materials remotely. Online libraries also often offer 24/7 access to
materials, making it easy for users to work on their own schedules.

Another benefit of online libraries is the wide range of resources they offer. Because physical space
constraints do not limit them, online libraries can offer a much wider range of materials than
traditional libraries. They can also be updated more frequently, providing users with the most
current and up-to-date resources available.

Online libraries also offer several features and services that may not be available in traditional
libraries, such as advanced search tools, interactive multimedia resources, and online tutorials and

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courses. They can also offer remote assistance from librarians and other experts, making it easier
for users to get help with their research.

Importance of Library

Libraries play a vital role in our lives, providing access to knowledge, resources, and community.
They are essential for promoting education, literacy, and the development of critical thinking skills.

First and foremost, libraries are a vital source of information and resources. They provide
access to a vast array of materials, including books, periodicals, and multimedia resources.
This information can be used for personal enrichment, research, or academic pursuits.
Libraries also offer access to databases, research journals, and other materials that may not
be available elsewhere. This access to information is crucial for staying informed, keeping up
with trends and innovations, and fostering lifelong learning.

Libraries also play a critical role in promoting literacy and education. They offer programs and
services that encourage reading, learning, and the development of critical thinking skills. For
example, libraries offer summer reading programs for children, book clubs for adults, and
educational workshops for people of all ages. These programs help to improve literacy rates,
promote learning, and foster a love of reading and learning.

Libraries also serve as community hubs, providing spaces for people to gather, learn, and
connect. They offer opportunities for cultural and educational events, such as book clubs,
workshops, and lectures. This fosters a sense of community and promotes lifelong learning.
Libraries also provide access to technology, such as computers and internet access, which is
essential for people who do not have access to these resources at home.

In addition to providing access to information and resources, libraries also play an important
role in preserving and promoting cultural heritage. They serve as repositories of knowledge,
preserving and organizing materials such as books, periodicals, and multimedia resources.
This is important for preserving cultural heritage and making it accessible to future
generations.

Finally, libraries play a critical role in promoting social justice and equality. They provide all
members of society access to information and resources, regardless of their background,
income, or location. This is particularly important for marginalized communities, who may
lack access to other sources of information and resources.

Libraries are important institutions that play a vital role in society. They provide access to
information, resources, and community, promoting education, literacy, and the development of
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critical thinking skills. Here are five reasons why libraries are essential:

1. Access to Information: Libraries provide access to a vast array of information and resources,
including books, periodicals, and multimedia resources. They also offer access to databases,
research journals, and other materials that may not be available elsewhere. This access to
information is crucial for staying informed, keeping up with trends and innovations, and fostering
lifelong learning.

2. Promoting Literacy and Education: Libraries offer programs and services that encourage reading,
learning and the development of critical thinking skills. They offer summer reading programs for
children, book clubs for adults, and educational workshops for people of all ages. These
programs help to improve literacy rates, promote learning, and foster a love of reading and
learning.

3. Community Hub: Libraries serve as community hubs, providing spaces for people to gather, learn,
and connect. They offer opportunities for cultural and educational events, such as book clubs,
workshops, and lectures. This fosters a sense of community and promotes lifelong learning.

4. Preserving Cultural Heritage: Libraries play an important role in preserving and promoting
cultural heritage. They serve as repositories of knowledge, preserving and organizing materials
such as books, periodicals, and multimedia resources. This is important for preserving cultural
heritage and making it accessible to future generations.

5. Promoting Social Justice and Equality: Libraries provide access to information and resources to
all members of society, regardless of their background, income, or location. This is particularly
important for marginalized communities, who may lack access to other sources of information
and resources. Libraries play a critical role in promoting social justice and equality by providing
everyone access to knowledge and resources in the community.

Libraries are essential for promoting education, literacy, and the development of critical thinking
skills. They provide access to information, resources, and community, fostering a sense of
belonging and promoting lifelong learning. Libraries also play an important role in preserving and
promoting cultural heritage, social justice, and equality. As such, libraries are vital to any society
that values access to information, education, and opportunity.

References:

1. Rabindranath Tagore’s love for a Library of Books. (n.d.). Get Bengal. Retrieved April 20, 2023,
from https://www.getbengal.com/details/rabindranath-tagores-love-for-a-library-of-books

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6/27/23, 11:44 PM What is a Library? - Library & Information Science Education Network

2. UNESCO. (2020, June 22). Library. http://uis.unesco.org/en/glossary-term/library

3. Levine-Clark, M., & Carter, T. M. (2013). ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, Fourth
Edition. American Library Association.

4. Prytherch, R. (2016). Harrod’s Librarians’ Glossary and Reference Book (0 ed.). Routledge.
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315586243

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23 COMMENTS

Shuaibu aminu ibrahim on April 22, 2019 1:03 pm

REPLY 

Ibrahim sada [email protected] on October 19, 2019 4:57 am

REPLY 

Usman haruna abdullahi on January 31, 2020 5:59 am

Thanks for the contributing of these definitions

REPLY 

Dammy on May 10, 2021 1:24 am

Very. Helpful tho

REPLY 

Isaac on July 1, 2021 1:07 am

Please I need 5 library definition and the authors

REPLY 

Mabum Nathaniel. A. on February 5, 2020 3:21 pm

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6/27/23, 11:44 PM What is a Library? - Library & Information Science Education Network

Good job, but how can we get the references?

REPLY 

Damilola kamarudeen. N. on March 29, 2020 5:38 pm

I like all the definition, they are all related to what I av been taught

REPLY 

Bala on April 3, 2020 10:35 pm

Kogi state LGA dekina

REPLY 

Kayode on May 30, 2020 9:25 am

Thanks for the valid information.

REPLY 

Kesima tyger on February 16, 2021 9:57 am

How can we get tge reference

REPLY 

Mustapha Sanusi Shibdawa on February 16, 2021 5:28 pm

Thanks for providing this definition.

REPLY 

Dorathy on August 29, 2022 10:11 pm

Interesting

REPLY 

Isaac on July 1, 2021 1:07 am

Please I need 5 library definition and the authors

REPLY 

DOrathy on August 29, 2022 10:12 pm

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I need to know more about library

REPLY 

Ibrahim Abubakar Audu on November 11, 2021 5:20 am

Very helpful.

REPLY 

Ibrahim Abubakar Audu on November 11, 2021 5:21 am

I want to become a information scientist.

REPLY 

Abdurrahman Ishaq Ya'akub on January 4, 2022 4:47 pm

That’s sound gr8

REPLY 

Akinmoladun Tobi on June 14, 2022 3:15 pm

Thanks for this answers but how do I reference this work as a researcher?

REPLY 

John Abu on July 7, 2022 11:00 am

I need five definition of library with reference

REPLY 

Dusabe Evariste on July 31, 2022 7:26 am

Hello I’m in Rwanda, African continent

I appreciate your kindly work.

REPLY 

DOrathy on August 29, 2022 10:13 pm

I need to know more about library

REPLY 

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Hakizimana jean claude on June 15, 2023 9:46 pm

Mbega byiza!
Murakoze(thank you)

REPLY 

Paul adedokun on June 17, 2023 12:07 pm

I need 10 definition of library by different Liberians in the world

REPLY 

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