SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES

A Minor Project Report

On
Subtrash services LLP

Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Degree

of
BACHELOR IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
IN
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Submitted by:
Sanjeev Kumar vs
R20BM827

Under the guidance of:

DR. Madhavi

Nov 2022

Rukmini Knowledge Park, Kattigenahalli, Yelahanka, Bengaluru-560064

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 DECLARATION

I, Mr. sanjeev Kumar vs student of BBA Entrepreneurship, belong in to School of

Management Studies, REVA University, declare that this Project Report /
Dissertation entitled “Report on subtrash services LLP” is the result the of project
/ dissertation work done by me under the supervision of DR. Madhavi at REVA
University.
I am submitting this Project Report / Dissertation in partial fulfilment of the
requirements for the award of the degree of Bachelors of Business Administration in
Entrepreneurship by the REVA University, Bangalore during the academic year
2022-23
I declare that this project report has been tested for plagiarism, and has passed the
plagiarism test with the similarity score less than 25% and it satisfies the academic
requirements in respect of Project work prescribed for the said Degree.
I further declare that this project / dissertation report or any part of it has not been
submitted for award of any other Degree / Diploma of this University or any other
University/ Institution.

(Signature of the candidate)

Signed by me on:

Certified that this project work submitted by sanjeev Kumar vs has been carried out
under my / our guidance and the declaration made by the candidate is true to the
best of my knowledge.

Signature of Guide Signature of Director

Date: Date:

Official Seal of the School

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 Acknowledgement

At the beginning, I am very much grateful to almighty D Harmina for giving me the
strength, and opportunity, and sound mind to complete the internship report. I want
to give my heartiest thanks to my supervisor, Prof Dr. Madhavi School of
Management Studies, REVA University for guiding and giving me the opportunity to
initiate this report. Then I want to thank Subtrash services LLP for giving me the
opportunity to do my internship in their organization. My special thanks to Mr.
Abhishek CV Executive Board Member of Subtrash services LLP who assigned me
in the project.

I would also like to thank REVA University authority for their library and internet
facilities from where I got enormous information.

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 Executive Summary

SUBTRASH SERVICES LLP sources data on waste

management across geographies. We specialise in
collecting data on the management of solid waste by
working with multiple partners like Households,
universities, ragpickers, municipal corporations, and
waste management
start-ups, in addition to the infrastructure and services
needed to manage those wastes. Our data helps
organisations make informed decisions, design
sustainable solutions, and build profitable business
models.

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 Table of content
ITEM NO. Particular Page No

1. The Organization 8-11

1.1 Introduction to study 9

1.2 History 9

1.3 Vision 9

1.4 Service offerings 10

1.5 Organisational Hierarchy 11

2. The Job 12-15

2.1 Description & nature of the job 13

2.2 Specific responsibilities of the job 14

2.3 Different Aspects of Job Performance 14

2.4 Critical observations and drawbacks: 15

3. Project 16-27

3.1Description of the project 17

3.2 Objectives of the project: 18

3.3 Methodology 18

3.4 Limitations of the Study 19

3.5 Data platform 19

3.6 Training vendors 21

3.7 Observation & Interpretation 21

3.8 SWOT Analysis 22-23

3.9 Industry Analysis (Porter's Five 24

Forces)

4. Result and Discussion 28

5. Recommendation 30

6. Conclusion 33

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 Chapter 1

The Organization

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1.1 Introduction

Data ragpickers are people who go through trash bins to collect recyclable materials
such as metals, plastics, and paper for recycling in order to make money. They
usually work in informal sectors and often live below the poverty line. Data
ragpickers are usually not educated enough to find higher-paying jobs so they resort
to this occupation instead which is dangerous due to exposure to toxic substances
from the trash they handle.

1.2 History

We're building a platform to preserve the history of organisations as they evolve over
time. It'll be a virtual museum, that not only showcases the history of the
organisation, but also allows and visitors to explore and interact with it. Imagine
walking through the hallways of an organisation , exploring different departments and
timelines. We're currently working on prototypes for a few organisations and we're
confident that this will be a much-needed resource for organisations across the
world.

1.3 Vision

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Supervision in the ground level Ensure responsible segregation in the house
Transport the segregated waste separately from the MRF’s Make a effective
industrial segregation Approach companies like “carbon masters” to effectively deal
with wet waste Provide the dry recyclable waste to recyclers and ensure proper
recycling Make sure not more than 10% of total waste reaches the landfills (initially)
Maintain the data of every process and make sure the produced waste is effectively
managed Work overnight, this helps reduce traffic and reduce the cost of logistics
Work overnight , this helps reduce traffic and reduce the cost of logistics Educate the
house hold about the methods of segregation and the process of reducing and
effective way of creating waste(for better recycling).

1.4 Service offerings

Waste pickup:

We want to help clean up the world by recycling the waste people throw away. Our
goal is to collect at least 10% of the trash in urban areas and make sure it's properly
recycled. We are in talks with municipalities, businesses, and other organisations
who we hope will be willing to collaborate with us.

Cigarette buds recycling:

We made it our mission to provide a sustainable alternative to cigarette butts. We

created the Cigarette Buds Recycling System, and our patented technology allows
customers to recycle their cigarette buds in a safe and eco-friendly way, at home or
on the go. All you need to do is pop your spent cigarettes into the bin

Reward-based system:

We work with multiple organisations to create a reward-based system for proper

disposal of waste which helps in a circular economy.

Consultant:

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With all the data we collect at multiple parameters we help municipal corporations,
apartments, and organisations to manage their waste and help reduce the cost of
handling waste. We train ragpickers to segregate waste safely and provide them
health benefits.

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Chapter 2

The job

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2.1 Description & nature of the job

Dealing with waste is a major global problem that can be solved with innovative data-
driven solutions. Look at current government initiatives and new technological
advancements to see what avenues you could take to create a sustainable and
scalable way to help people deal with their waste. .If you're passionate about helping
people with their waste, there are opportunities in the following fields:Environmental
science: This is a huge field that has many different facets including the study of the
planet. You would be able to help people reduce and recycle waste. You might also
be able to find a way to turn it into energy or some other resource.Environmental
engineering: This is a field that takes existing processes and makes them more
efficient, sustainable, and effective in various.

You may be able to create a scalable data platform for waste management. This
could be as simple as a google form to collect data and display it on an interactive
dashboard that you could share with other stakeholders.

Create a data platform for waste management in order to reduce the need for
traditional and often inefficient small-scale waste cleanup. Your data platform will
provide a solution for improving waste management by decreasing costs and
increasing efficiency, as well as providing valuable data on the job site.

Environmental sustainability is one of the most important challenges of this century.

Lack of clean water, air pollution, shortage in food and other resources are just some
of the issues that we need to deal with in order to have a better life for our future
generations. One of the key areas that we can affect is waste management. There
are many ways to deal with waste, one way is to reduce waste production by
changing our consumption habits and use products that are made from recycled
materials. But on top of this, we also need to segregate different types of wastes so
that we can recycle them accordingly. For example plastic bottles can be recycled by
turning them into plastic pellets or even fabricating new materials from it such as new
clothes or bags. However, lack of data hinders us from having an effective
segregation process because there might be more than one type of plastic in each
bin and no sorting machine can identify all those different types at once. This should
not stop us though because with data analytics.

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If we are able to provide accurate data about the current waste management
processes, it can shed light on how to improve the process. We can use AI for real-
time monitoring and forecasting of all waste types and waste generation patterns.

Data platforms will also be important in order to measure and predict the amount of
waste generated. The data platform includes a cloud-based software that is being
developed by Baba et al., an AI-based system for exploiting waste management data
in order to achieve better management practices.

Data is the new oil. This is an accepted statement in a time when data monopolies
are rising and data privacy is being challenged. Data is valuable, but it also has a
darker side.

Data can bring personal information to light whether we want it to or not. It can
embarrass us and put us at risk of being hacked, or worse. And yet, we give it away
so easily: by posting our thoughts on social media or our location on Google Maps
for instance.

Data has been used for a lot of things in the past decade. From helping us answer
big-picture questions about the world’s energy consumption to helping us find our
lost phones, data is everywhere and it is shaping the way we live our lives. It will only
be a matter of time before this same data is used to clean up our cities by using it for
waste segregation.

2.2 Specific responsibilities of the job:

My responsibility in subtrash services LLP are given below:

● Build a team for building a data platform for vendors of subtrash

● Training vendors to use this platform
● Collection and interpretation of data
● Through machine learning help vendors identify optimum pick up time

2.3 Different Aspects of Job Performance

Through my internship period I was assigned for different types of tasks and
activities. Data and automation are two of the buzzwords of our era. Data is now
available at scale while automation is on the rise.AI has been a buzzword for more
than a decade. It has been applied to many fields, such as education and marketing.
Though it still has some limitations, those who work closely with data know what can
be done and the benefits are clear: efficiency, innovation, productivity.

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The main goal for waste management and segregation is to reduce or eliminate
wastes in landfills. With all of the different types of wastes now being recycled
efficiently by machines rather than humans, jobs in this industry have decreased
significantly which would otherwise have been created from human labour.

2.4 Critical observations and drawbacks:

In the previous post, we talked about what AI is and how it can be used. Here, in this
post, we will explore different aspects of AI and how they are being used in present
day’s work environment.

Data: This is the foundation at which all AI operates on. Data is gathered and
combined to produce insights that help us make better decisions. Automation: With
the advancement in technology, we are seeing more processes being automated by
machines. Waste Management and Segregation: One of the areas where increased
use of data has helped us a lot is waste management. Machines can scan through
recyclables like plastics, cans, paper and metal to separate them from human
intervention . Critical observations: The human factor cannot be underestimated
when it comes to decision-making as humans have social intelligence which helps
them understand the dynamics of a situation better than any machine ever could.

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Chapter 3

Project

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3.1 Description of the project:

Environmental sustainability is one of the most important challenges of this century.

Lack of clean water, air pollution, shortage in food and other resources are just some
of the issues that we need to deal with in order to have a better life for our future
generations. One of the key areas that we can affect is waste management. There
are many ways to deal with waste, one way is to reduce waste production by
changing our consumption habits and use products that are made from recycled
materials. But on top of this, we also need to segregate different types of wastes so
that we can recycle them accordingly. For example plastic bottles can be recycled by
turning them into plastic pellets or even fabricating new materials from it such as new
clothes or bags. However, lack of data hinders us from having an effective
segregation process because there might be more than one type of plastic in each
bin and no sorting machine can identify all those different types at once. This should
not stop us though because with data analytics.

3.2 Objectives of the project:

● Building a platform for vendors of subtrash.

● Train them to use the platform.

● Collection and interpretation of data.

● Collection of this data for proper segregation channel.

● Form optimal pick up frequency.

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3.3 Methodology

3.3.1 Data collection:

Both the primary as well as the secondary form of information was used
to prepare the report. The details of these sources are highlighted below:

(a) Primary Source

I have collected primary information by questioning managers, observing various

organisational procedures, structures. Primary data were mostly derived from the
discussion with the employees of the organisation. An advantage of using primary
data is that researchers are collecting information for the specific purposes of their
study.

(b)Secondary Source

Secondary data is research data that has previously been gathered and can be
accessed by researchers. The term contrasts with primary data, which is data
collected directly from its source. I have elaborated different types of secondary data

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in my research. Sources like internet data are mostly considered as secondary
source.

3.4 Limitations of the Study:

In course of my internship, I have faced many problems that may be termed asthe
limitations of the study. These were:

1. Could not spend sufficient time required and sometimes, time constraints can
affect your report negatively.

2. To get the actual information of the organization have been very difficult.

3. Although the employees have tried their best to help me, their nature of job is such
that gives them little time to discuss.

4. Work pressure restricted the officials to give us much time even if they had cordial
intentions to provide information.

5. As I was the only one person, this report has been a victim of manpower
constraints.

Despite all these limitations, I have given the best of my efforts and tried to make the
report as informative and comprehensive as possible.

3.5 Data platform

With this data platform, ragpickers are able to make better decisions by being
provided with more accurate and timely information.

Ai helps make better decisions in the waste management company with its ability to
process vast quantities of data and quickly make sense of it. The solution also
provides staff from the company with up-to-date reports of their work’s progress?
The Ai also helps in waste management by identifying factors that influence the
amount and composition of waste. The waste management company employs ai to
help them make better decisions about what the rag pickers need. The AI also helps
identify factors that influence the amount and composition of waste.

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 *Demo images

Platform is in development stage

3.6 Training vendors

The waste management company trains ragpickers to use a data platform which will
help them segregate the waste - by type, by type of plastic and by where it is coming
from. This helps them in sorting the waste, so that the company can make more
money. The company also trains women in India because if they want to reduce their
carbon footprint and increase their profits, they need to find another way of
generating income for the women. Donations would be sent to a charity who will use
the money to train women and give them jobs, so that they can provide for their
families.

The average Indian ragpicker is illiterate and doesn’t have access to literacy or
digital resources. So it is hard for them to learn how to use a data platform. Because
they don't have that educational background, it will be difficult for them to adapt."The
Indian government has also been criticised for its failure to implement Aadhaar
effectively, with many citizens unable to access services because they did not have
their Aadhaar cards. There are concerns that the platform will do little to help rural
waste pickers who are unlikely to be in possession of an Aadhaar card.Waste
management companies have to tackle a number of problems, such as the lack of
trained people and language barriers. But by providing a data platform that helps
ragpickers plan their routes, Indian waste-pickers are now able to collect more
recyclable waste from households in a sustainable way.

3.7 Observation & Interpretation

Ai’s software is not only used to collect data and generate insights but also to make
decisions. Some examples are a waste management company, who use their Ai to
optimise routes and automate collections in congested urban areas. Another
example is the city of Singapore, who use Ai to manage their public transport
system. AI has an advantage over human-made software because it can make
decisions based on more accurate and up-to-date information. It also provides
solutions that are tailored for the uniqueness of every location. With continuous
improvements in AI technologies, it will soon be able to replace humans in various
tasks and this will lead towards a more sustainable society. The waste management
company can use an AI platform to collect and analyse data from waste disposal
sites. The company also has the opportunity to use AI-generated insights for
automatic decision making. In this way, the company will be able to manage their
resources efficiently and reduce the costs of running their business. The data
collection platform that is powered by AI, has great advantages. It can collect data in
a faster way than human resources. In addition to that, the system can interpret the
collected data and make better decisions based on what it has gathered. Ai is also

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widely used in waste management companies to help them process their data faster
and more accurately. The AI helps collect information from different sources and
monitors the available space for dumping sites. In some cases, it even helps with
pricing of these sites for different companies that need or want them.

Ai can help waste management companies by analysing all their data, identifying
patterns and developing predictive models so they can make more accurate
predictions. They will also advocate for policies that would increase recycling while
decreasing landfill dumping

3.8 SWOT Analysis:

SWOT analysis is a strategic planning and strategic management technique used to

help a person or organisation identify Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and
Threats related to business competition or project planning. It is sometimes called
situational analysis.

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3.9 Industry Analysis (Porters Five Forces):

Porter's Five Forces Framework is a method of analyzing the operating

environment of a competition of a business. It draws from industrial
organisation economics to derive five forces that determine the
competitive intensity and, therefore, the attractiveness of an industry in
terms of its profitability. These forces include the number and power of a
company's competitive rivals, potential new market entrants, suppliers,
customers, and substitute products that influence a company's
profitability. Five Forces analysis can be used to guide business strategy
to increase competitive advantage.

It is extremely crucial to analyse competitive forces in the industry

environment to identify opportunities and threats. Michael E. Porter’s
well- known framework, known as the five forces model helps with this
sort of analysis. The model focuses on five forces that shape competition
within an industry. The stronger the five forces, the more limited is the
ability of established companies to raise prices and earn greater profits.
Therefore, we can conclude that a strong competitive force can be
considered as a threat because it depresses profit, whereas, a weak
competitive force can be viewed as an opportunity as it facilitates the
companies to earn higher profits. The situation of the industry changes
over time. The influence of the five forces in the banking industry has
been discussed below:

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 ● Threats of New Entrants

New entrants in Waste Management brings innovation, new ways of doing things
and put pressure on Waste Management, Inc. through lower pricing strategy,
reducing costs, and providing new value propositions to the customers. Waste
Management, Inc. has to manage all these challenges and build effective barriers to
safeguard its competitive edge.

By innovating new products and services. New products not only brings new
customers to the fold but also give old customer a reason to buy Waste
Management, Inc. ‘s products.

By building economies of scale so that it can lower the fixed cost per unit.

Building capacities and spending money on research and development. New

entrants are less likely to enter a dynamic industry where the established players
such as Waste Management, Inc. keep defining the standards regularly. It
significantly reduces the window of extraordinary profits for the new firms thus
discourage new players in the industry.

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 ● Bargaining Power of Suppliers

All most all the companies in the Waste Management industry buy their raw material
from numerous suppliers. Suppliers in dominant position can decrease the margins
Waste Management, Inc. can earn in the market. Powerful suppliers in Industrial
Goods sector use their negotiating power to extract higher prices from the firms in
Waste Management field. The overall impact of higher supplier bargaining power is
that it lowers the overall profitability of Waste Management.

By building efficient supply chain with multiple suppliers.

By experimenting with product designs using different materials so that if the prices
go up of one raw material then company can shift to another.

Developing dedicated suppliers whose business depends upon the firm. One of the
lessons Waste Management, Inc. can learn from Wal-Mart and Nike is how these
companies developed third party manufacturers whose business solely depends on
them thus creating a scenario where these third party manufacturers have
significantly less bargaining power compare to Wal-Mart and Nike.

● Bargaining Power of Buyers

Buyers are often a demanding lot. They want to buy the best offerings available by
paying the minimum price as possible. This put pressure on Waste Management,
Inc. profitability in the long run. The smaller and more powerful the customer base is
of Waste Management, Inc. the higher the bargaining power of the customers and
higher their ability to seek increasing discounts and offers.

By building a large base of customers. This will be helpful in two ways. It will reduce
the bargaining power of the buyers plus it will provide an opportunity to the firm to
streamline its sales and production process.

By rapidly innovating new products. Customers often seek discounts and offerings
on established products so if Waste Management, Inc. keep on coming up with new
products then it can limit the bargaining power of buyers.

New products will also reduce the defection of existing customers of Waste
Management, Inc. to its competitors.

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 ● Threats of Substitute Products or Services

When a new product or service meets similar customer needs in different ways,
industry profitability suffers. For example services like Dropbox and Google Drive are
substitute to storage hardware drives. The threat of a substitute product or service is
high if it offers a value proposition that is uniquely different from present offerings of
the industry.

By being service oriented rather than just product oriented.

By understanding the core need of the customer rather than what the customer is
buying.

By increasing the switching cost for the customers.

● Rivalry among the Existing Competitors

If the rivalry among the existing players in an industry is intense then it will drive
down prices and decrease the overall profitability of the industry. Waste
Management, Inc. operates in a very competitive Waste Management industry. This
competition does take a toll on the overall long term profitability of the organisation.

By building a sustainable differentiation

By building scale so that it can compete better

Collaborating with competitors to increase the market size rather than just competing
for small market.

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 Chapter 4

Result and Discussion

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4. Result and Discussion

While working I have gained a newer kind of experience. After collecting and
analyzing data I have got some ideas about the new project lead at subtrash
Services LLP which is given below:

A unique app is being operated by a ragpicker, in this case, a woman, which gets
information of the location of different types of waste. The machine then collects
them and sorts them accordingly. This whole process is monitored by sensors which
feed into artificial intelligence systems for better decision making. This has enabled
faster pick-ups and better sorting of trash. It is a great initiative to empower the
ragpickers with tech-based tools and to show that their skills are valuable. Ai data is
helping the ragpickers make better decisions about what kind of waste they should
be picking up.

The project has helped the ragpickers make a choice between a job that is highly
profitable and one that pays more than the normal wage.Ai data has been able to
save them time and money by allowing them to choose where they want to collect
waste. They are mostly used in remote areas in India where there isn’t any other
source of income to supplement their earnings. This means they don’t have any
other option but to continue with ragpickers. The project has also helped them collect
a higher percentage of recyclable materials that have created a better quality of life
for the ragpickers and their families. Project SuccessThe project has been
successful in creating an alternative source of income for the ragpickers and make
recycling operations run more smoothly. It has helped them to work with different
companies and create a sustainable business that is benefitting all involved,
including the local environment.

● Because our target audience was ragpickers and kabadiwala it was a

challenge to build a platform that was required to have a simple
interface which can be used by our vendors.

● We were able to use multiple data points to identify the ideal pick-up
frequency where we were able to establish an optimal time for pick up
of waste.

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● It was a complex task because as per Indian socio-cultural procedure.

● Transparency helps in tracking waste at all the levels.

Chapter-5

Recommendation

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5. Recommendation:

Based on the observation, I can suggest some below recommendations-

● Subtrash services maintains their system well physically but their virtual
presence is not up to the mark. They need to focus on building awareness
among younger generation.

● The development recommendation is that the company should focus on

building a decision-making framework for their model. This will help them to
make decisions that are more effective and efficient than before.

● The company is facing a data problem: the waste-sorting process is done

manually and it can take up to 30 minutes for one person to sort through the
waste. Some of the sorting criteria are quite complex. There are also
difficulties in developing reliable machine learning algorithms to thoroughly
analyze that complex data.

This section will focus on recommending development strategies for a waste

management company with these obstacles, who are looking to solve this
problem with machine learning algorithms.

● As an industry, the waste management industry is on the rise. Statistics show

that in the past 20 years, the amount of waste produced has gone up by 60%
and is still quickly increasing.

Therefore, it’s no surprise that companies have started using data to help
them understand what to do with their waste. One way is through machine
learning which would help companies understand patterns from their data and
develop recommendations for future decisions.

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● The waste management industry is a growing industry that profits from the
modern world. Data plays a huge role in the success of this industry. The
more data that is collected, the smarter and more precise the machine
learning algorithms will be able to become. Development teams should focus
on collecting as much data as possible and then implementing it for smarter
decision-making.

Developers should create machine learning algorithms for better business

decisions, create predictive models for future expenses, and establish
methods to optimize routes to reduce fuel consumption.

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Chapter-6

Conclusion

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6. Conclusion

The company has been successful in keeping the team motivated and happy
through various activities like team building, skill development among other things.
They also have great experience when it comes to handling difficult situations under
tight deadlines.

A company is more than just its numbers. Great managers understand that building
a great team that works well together is the key to success.As such, they are
constantly looking for people who are talented and can be easily trained, but who
also fit into their company’s culture and work environment.

Waste management is a challenging field. It is not easy to maintain a good work

culture and keep the productivity level high. But subtrash succeeded in doing so by
putting in the efforts.The company tries to make every employee feel like they belong
by creating a positive team environment and good work-life balance.

Good work culture:

The company has an open office environment which provides an opportunity for
better communication between employees. It has created an environment where
people can choose their own workspace and build their own desk according to their
convenience which leads to more productivity for employees.

Good team building skills:

The managers at the waste management company are well aware of

how important it is for employees to interact in order to brainstorm ideas
or come up with solutions together

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