Sybase PowerDesigner Business Process Model Users Guide

Version 9.5 38088-01-0950-01 Last modified: July 2002

Copyright 2002 Sybase, Inc. All rights reserved. Information in this manual may change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Sybase, Inc. and its subsidiaries. Sybase, Inc. provides the software described in this manual under a Sybase License Agreement. The software may be used only in accordance with the terms of the agreement. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, or translated in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, manual, optical, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of Sybase, Inc. Use, duplication, or disclosure by the government is subject to the restrictions set forth in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of DFARS 52.227-7013 for the DOD and as set forth in FAR 52.227-19(a)-(d) for civilian agencies. 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All other trademarks are property of their respective owners.

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Functional overview .................................................................. 2 What is a BPM? ........................................................................ 3 Objects in a BPM ...................................................................... 5 Defining a BPM ......................................................................... 6 Creating a BPM .................................................................. 6 Opening an existing BPM ................................................... 7 Detaching a BPM from the Workspace.............................. 8 Saving and closing a BPM.................................................. 8 Defining BPM options ......................................................... 8 Modifying BPM properties ................................................ 10 Extended model definitions in a BPM............................... 12 Extended dependencies in a BPM ................................... 12 Defining packages in a BPM................................................... 13 Package properties in a BPM........................................... 13 Creating a package in a BPM........................................... 14 Modifying the package display preference in a BPM........ 14

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What is a business rule in a BPM? ......................................... 16 Defining business rules in a BPM ........................................... 17 Business rule properties in a BPM ................................... 17 Types of business rules in a BPM .................................... 18 Creating a business rule in a BPM ................................... 18 Applying business rules to BPM objects ................................. 20 Applying a business rule to a BPM object ........................ 20 Attaching an expression to a BPM business rule ............. 21

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Defining a business process diagram ..................................... 24 LLL

Business process diagrams vs. sub-process diagrams ... 24 Converting a business process diagram to a composite process............................................................................. 25 Defining starts in a BPM ......................................................... 27 Start properties in a BPM ................................................. 27 Creating a start in a BPM ................................................. 27 Modifying start properties in a BPM.................................. 28 Modifying the start display preferences in a BPM ............ 29 Defining processes ................................................................. 30 Process properties ........................................................... 31 Defining composite processes ......................................... 33 Creating a process ........................................................... 35 Creating a composite process.......................................... 36 Opening a composite process.......................................... 38 Closing a composite process ........................................... 38 Modifying process properties ........................................... 38 Modifying the process display preferences ...................... 39 Defining organization units in a BPM ...................................... 40 Organization unit properties in a BPM.............................. 41 Creating an organization unit in a BPM ............................ 43 Attaching a process to an organization unit ..................... 47 Modifying organization unit properties in a BPM .............. 48 Managing swimlanes in a BPM ........................................ 49 Modifying the organization unit display preferences in a BPM.................................................................................. 52 Defining flows.......................................................................... 53 Flow properties ................................................................. 54 Creating a flow ................................................................. 57 Modifying flow properties.................................................. 59 Modifying the flow display preferences............................. 59 Defining message formats ...................................................... 60 Message format properties .............................................. 61 Creating a message format.............................................. 63 Modifying message format properties .............................. 64 Defining data........................................................................... 65 Data properties................................................................. 66 Creating a data................................................................. 67 Modifying data properties ................................................. 68 Linking a data to an object ............................................... 68 Selecting data for a flow or a message format................. 70 Exchanging data............................................................... 72 Defining resources .................................................................. 77 Resource properties ......................................................... 77 Creating a resource.......................................................... 78 Modifying resource properties .......................................... 79 Modifying the resource display preference....................... 79 LY

Defining resource flows........................................................... 80 Resource flow properties.................................................. 81 Creating a resource flow .................................................. 84 Modifying resource flow properties................................... 86 Modifying the resource flow display preferences.............. 86 Defining decisions in a BPM ................................................... 87 Decision properties in a BPM ........................................... 88 Creating a decision in a BPM ........................................... 89 Modifying decision properties in a BPM ........................... 90 Modifying the decision display preference in a BPM ........ 90 Defining synchronizations in a BPM........................................ 91 Synchronization properties in a BPM................................ 91 Creating a synchronization in a BPM................................ 92 Modifying synchronization properties in a BPM................ 93 Drawing the synchronization symbol in a BPM................. 93 Defining ends in a BPM .......................................................... 95 End properties in a BPM................................................... 95 Creating an end in a BPM ................................................ 96 Modifying end properties in a BPM................................... 97 Modifying the end display preferences in a BPM ............. 97

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Defining the CRUD matrix..................................................... 100 Displaying a CRUD matrix .................................................... 101 Manipulating the CRUD matrix ............................................. 103 Consulting object properties from the CRUD matrix ...... 103 Copying a CRUD matrix into another application ........... 105 Finding object symbol in the diagram from the CRUD ........ matrix.............................................................................. 105 Adding and removing objects from the CRUD matrix .... 106 Hiding empty rows and columns .................................... 107 Modifying CRUD values ................................................. 108

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Checking a BPM ................................................................... 112 BPM check options......................................................... 112 BPM object selection in the Check Model ...................... 113 Checking a global BPM .................................................. 114 Displaying previously applied check options in a BPM... 116 Making corrections based on BPM check results .......... 116 BPM object parameters verified by Check Model ................. 119 Replication check ........................................................... 119 Package check ............................................................... 119 Process check ................................................................ 120 Decision check ............................................................... 121 Y

Synchronization check.................................................... 121 Flow check ..................................................................... 122 File check ....................................................................... 123 Resource check ............................................................. 123 Resource flow check ...................................................... 124 Organization unit check .................................................. 125 Start check ..................................................................... 125 End check....................................................................... 126 Message format check ................................................... 127 Data................................................................................ 127 Comparing and merging BPM models.................................. 128 Opening ProcessAnalyst models .......................................... 129 Converting PAM objects into BPM objects..................... 129 Opening a PAM into a BPM............................................ 130

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Generation basics ................................................................. 134 Target models parameters ............................................. 134 Object selection parameters .......................................... 136 Generating a Business Process Model from a Business Process Model ...................................................... 137 Generating and updating a BPM .................................... 137

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This book describes the PowerDesigner Business Process Model environment. It shows you how to do the following: Build a Business Process Model (BPM) Create and use business rules and other model objects Verify the model, merge and compare models Open V6 PAM models Generate a Business Process Model from the BPM

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This book is for anyone who will be designing or building a BPM with PowerDesigner. It requires an understanding of object modeling. Some experience with programming languages might also be helpful but not required. For more information, see the Bibliography section at the end of this chapter. The PowerDesigner modeling environment supports several types of models: &RQFHSWXDO 'DWD 0RGHO &'0 to model the overall logical structure of a data application, independent from any software or data storage structure considerations 3K\VLFDO 'DWD 0RGHO 3'0 to model the overall physical structure of a database, taking into account DBMS software or data storage structure considerations 2EMHFW 2ULHQWHG 0RGHO 220 to model a software system using an object-oriented approach for Java or other object languages %XVLQHVV 3URFHVV 0RGHO %30 to model the means by which one or more processes are accomplished in operating business practices )UHH 0RGHO )(0 to create any kind of chart diagram, in a contextfree environment

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$ERXW 7KLV %RRN The Business Process Model also allows you to generate and reverse ebXML Business Process Specification Schema (BPSS) XML file. These features are not documented in this book but in the HE;0/ 7HFKQLFDO 'RFXPHQW. This book only explains how to use the BPM. For information on other models or aspects of PowerDesigner, consult the following books:
*HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH To get familiar with the PowerDesigner interface before learning how to use any of the models. &RQFHSWXDO 'DWD 0RGHO *HWWLQJ 6WDUWHG CDM. &RQFHSWXDO 'DWD 0RGHO 8VHUV *XLGH 3K\VLFDO 'DWD 0RGHO *HWWLQJ 6WDUWHG 3K\VLFDO 'DWD 0RGHO 8VHUV *XLGH

To learn the basics of the To work with the CDM.

To learn the basics of the PDM. To work with the PDM. To learn the basics of the

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To work with the OOM. To learn the basics of the

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To create reports for any or all models. To learn the basics of the Repository. To work in a multi-user environment using a

5HSRVLWRU\ *HWWLQJ 6WDUWHG 5HSRVLWRU\ 8VHUV *XLGH central repository.

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PowerDesigner documentation uses specific typefaces to help you readily identify specific items: monospace text (normal and EROG) Used for: Code samples, commands, compiled functions and files, references to variables. Example: declare user_defined, the %HIRUH,QVHUW7ULJJHU template. UPPER CASE Object codes, reversed objects, file names + extension. Example: The AUTHOR table appears in the Browser. Open the file OOMAFTER.OOM.

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Any key name. Example: Press the ENTER key.

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The Workflow reference Model - http://www.wfmc.org. Business Process Model Language Specification - http://www.bpmi.org/. Document: Business Process Specification Schema - http://www.ebxml.org/. Alan Kotok, David R. Webber, David RR Webber - ebXML: The New Global Standard for Doing Business on the Internet - New Riders Publishing, 2001.

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About this chapter

This chapter presents the PowerDesigner Business Process Model. It provides you with an introduction to the basic notions of business process modeling.
7RSLF Functional overview What is a BPM? Objects in a BPM Defining a BPM Defining packages in a BPM 3DJH 2 3 5 6 13

Contents

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PowerDesigner Business Process Model is a powerful and easy to use design tool for identifying the business needs from a business process or functional standpoint. The business process model describes the various internal tasks and internal processes of a business and how the partners interact with these tasks and processes. With this product, you can: Build a %XVLQHVV 3URFHVV 0RGHO (BPM) Open a V6 Process Analyst Model (PAM) Customize the BPM to suit physical and performance considerations Generate and reverse ebXML Business Process Specification Schema (BPSS) XML files Generate a Business Process Model from the BPM Create and print reports

$ For more information on ebXML generation and reverse, see sections

How to generate an ebXML BPSS file and How to reverse engineering an ebXML BPSS file in the HE;0/ 7HFKQLFDO 'RFXPHQW.

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A %XVLQHVV 3URFHVV 0RGHO (BPM) is a conceptual model, which provides a close description of the business logic and rules from a business partners point of view. A BPM uses a diagram that shows interactions between processes, flows, messages and collaboration protocols from one or several start points to several potential end points. A BPM can be compared to a market place where data or services are exchanged. It usually arises from a compelling business need or opportunity. Example

The Business Process model is a simplified UML activity diagram with Business Process extensions. It does not include any implementation details. It can be readily used as an input document to do object-oriented analysis. At a conceptual level, it is particularly suitable for analyzing, designing or documenting Business-to-Business exchange (B2B).

:KDW LV D %30" This is how the BPM is integrated into the PowerDesigner global software solution:

BPM roles

You use a BPM to: Describe the behavior and requirements of a system Represent the conceptual organization of objects in a graphic format Open PAM models Generate a BPM Design or document ebXML BPSS

$ For more information on how to open PAM models, see section

Opening ProcessAnalyst models in chapter Working with Business Process Models.

$ For more information on how to generate a BPM, see chapter

Generating from a Business Process Model.

$ For more information on ebXML BPSS design, see section Designing

ebXML BPSS in a Business Process Model in the HE;0/ 7HFKQLFDO 'RFXPHQW.

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The BPM includes the following objects:
2EMHFW Package 7RRO 'HVFULSWLRQ Used to organize elements into groups. Not available for sub-process diagrams as you cannot create packages within sub-process diagrams Element that hosts or implements processes and resources. It can be a company, a system, a service, an organization, a user or a role Definition of data exchanged between processes Invocation of an action Complex process decomposed to be further detailed Starting point of the processes described in the process diagram Termination point of the processes described in the process diagram Decision the flow has to take when several flow paths are possible Enables synchronization of flows between two or more concurrent actions Path the flow transits on to join processes, starts, ends or synchronizations Storage unit of abstract data circulating within the model, which is accessed by a process to perform actions Access of a process to a resource Defines the type of information exchanged between business processes

Organization unit Message format Process Composite process Start End Decision Synchronization Flow Resource

Resource flow Data

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You can create a new BPM, or open an existing one. You can set options to define how your model is created or modified, and the type of information that it displays.

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There are several ways to create a BPM: Create a new BPM Open a V6 Process Analyst Model (.PAM) Generate a new BPM Reverse an ebXML BPSS XML file

$ For more information on reversing an ebXML BPSS XML file, see

section How to reverse engineering an ebXML BPSS file in the HE;0/ 7HFKQLFDO 'RFXPHQW.

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1 2

Select FileNew to display a selection box listing the available PowerDesigner modules. Select Business Process Model and click OK. A new BPM opens in the current Workspace. An empty diagram window appears containing a palette of design tools. The new BPM node appears under the Workspace node in the Browser.

Select ModelModel Properties. RU Right-click any empty space in the diagram window and select Properties from the contextual menu. The model property sheet appears.

&KDSWHU  4 Type a model name and model code.

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Click OK.
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An example of a BPM is available in the Examples directory.

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A Business Process Model has the file extension .BPM.
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Select FileOpen to display a standard open file dialog box. Select a file with the .BPM extension. Click Open. The model appears in the Browser and a diagram opens in the diagram window.

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You can detach a BPM from a workspace. When a BPM is detached from a workspace, its node is removed from the Browser and it is no longer defined in the workspace, but the file is not deleted from your operating environment.
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Right-click the BPM node in the Browser and select Detach From Workspace from the contextual menu. A confirmation box asks if you want to save the BPM.

Click Yes if you want to save modifications to the BPM. Select or browse to a directory. Type a name for the file and click the Save button. RU Click No if you do not want to save modifications to the file. The BPM is removed from the Workspace.

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You save a BPM by selecting FileSave. You close a BPM by selecting FileClose.

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You can set the following BPM options: All objects All Objects Default message format

From the All Objects groupbox, you can define the case sensitivity of names and codes in the current model. Unlike other model options, you can modify the name and code case sensitivity during the design process. However, if you do so, make sure you run the check model feature to verify if the model does not contain any duplicate object.

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Default message format

Message Format is a property for both flows and resource flows that gives information on the type of data exchanged between objects. Undefined is the default value when you create a flow, but you can modify it to set it to None.
2SWLRQ None 5HVXOW When selected, it indicates that you do not want any default message format for your flows, as the event is of minor importance. You usually use this option when you do not want to specify data flows in your BPM When selected, it indicates that all your message formats will be defined later

Undefined

You can modify any of these options individually directly from the property sheet of the flow or resource flow.

$ For more information on the flow or resource flow properties, see

corresponding sections in chapter Building a Business Process Model.
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Select ToolsModel Options. RU Right-click any empty space in the diagram and select Model Options from the contextual menu.

'HILQLQJ D %30 The Model Options dialog box opens to the Model page.

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Select model options in the different groupboxes. Click OK.

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The Model property sheet displays the definition of the current model. A BPM has the following model properties:
3URSHUW\ Name Code Comment Filename 'HVFULSWLRQ Name for the model Code for the model Descriptive label for the model Location of the model file. This box is empty if the model has never been saved /HQJWK 254 254 __



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Author of the model. You can insert a name, a space, or nothing. If you insert a space, the Author field in the title box remains empty. If you intentionally leave the box empty, the Author field in the title box displays the user name from the Version Info page of the model property sheet Version of the model. You can use this box to display the repository version or a user defined version of the model. This parameter is defined in the display preferences of the Title node Diagram displayed by default when you open the model

Version

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Default diagram

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Select ModelModel Properties. RU Right-click the diagram background and select Properties from the contextual menu. The model property sheet appears.

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Type changes to model properties. Click OK.



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An extended model definition allows you to expand object definitions and complement the generation targets and commands . Extended model definitions are created and saved in files with the XEM extension. You can create or attach one or several extended model definitions to a model. Extended model definitions may contain: Extended attributes for applicable objects in order to further define their properties Stereotypes to define extended dependencies established between model objects

$ For more information on extended dependencies, see Extended

dependencies in a BPM. Generation targets and commands to complement the generation of an object model, or to perform an extended generation

$ For more information on extended model definitions, see chapter

Extended Model Definitions Reference Guide in the $GYDQFHG 8VHU 'RFXPHQWDWLRQ

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Extended dependencies are links between BPM objects. These links help to make object relationships clearer but are not interpreted and checked by PowerDesigner as they are meant to be used for documentation purposes only. You can complement these links by applying stereotypes. Stereotypes are used to define extended dependencies between objects in the BPM. You can type stereotypes directly in the Stereotype column of the object property sheet or select a value from the dropdown listbox if you have previously defined stereotypes in an embedded or imported extended model definition (.XEM).

$ For more information on extended dependencies, see section Using

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A SDFNDJH is a general-purpose mechanism for organizing elements into groups. It contains model objects. When you work with large models, you can split them into smaller subdivisions to avoid manipulating the entire set of data of the model. Packages can be useful to assign portions of a model, representing different tasks and subject areas to different development teams.

Package hierarchy

You can create several packages at the same hierarchical level within a model or decompose a package into other packages and continue this process without limitation in decomposition depth. Each package appears with a default diagram window. At each level of decomposition you can create several diagrams.

$ For more information on packages, see section Defining a package in

chapter Managing models in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH.
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You cannot create a package in a composite process since this one behaves like a package.

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Packages have properties displayed on property sheets. All packages share the following common properties:
3URSHUW\ Name Code Comment 'HVFULSWLRQ Name that clearly identifies the package Codes are references for packages Optional label that describes a package and provides additional information /HQJWK 254 254



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3URSHUW\ Stereotype Use parent namespace Default diagram 'HVFULSWLRQ Sub-classification derived from an existing package Defines the package as being the area in which the name of an object must be unique in order to be used Diagram displayed by default when opening the package /HQJWK 254

Stereotype

The Stereotype dropdown listbox is empty by default. However, it is possible to define stereotypes of your own using the extended model definitions.

$ For more information on extended model definitions, see the *HQHUDO

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A package always belongs to a model. You create a package like any other model objects. The name of each package must be unique in the model. There are several ways to create a package: From a diagram From the Browser From the list of packages

At creation, a package has a default name including a number, this number is assigned in the order of creation.

$ For more information on the different ways to create a package, see

section Creating an object in chapter Managing Objects in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH.

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You can modify the following display preference for a package using the ToolsDisplay Preferences command:
3UHIHUHQFH Show stereotype 'HVFULSWLRQ Displays the stereotype of the package



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About this chapter Contents

This chapter describes how business rules help you model information.
7RSLF What is a business rule in a BPM? Defining business rules in a BPM Applying business rules to BPM objects 3DJH 16 17 20



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A business rule is a written statement specifying what the information system must do or how it must be structured to support business needs. A business rule is a rule that your business follows. A business rule could be a government-imposed law, a customer requirement, or an internal guideline. Starts as an observation Business rules often start as simple observations, for example "customers call toll-free numbers to place orders." During the design process they develop into more detailed expressions, for example what information a customer supplies when placing an order or how much a customer can spend based on a credit limit. Business rules complement model graphics with information that is not easily represented graphically. For example, some rules specify physical concerns in the form of formulas and validation rules. These technical expressions do not have a graphical representation.

Complements graphics



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You can define a business rule, which can be attached to an object in the BPM.

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A business rule definition includes the following properties:
3URSHUW\ Name Code Comment Type 'HVFULSWLRQ Name for the rule Reference name for the rule Descriptive label for the rule It can be a definition, fact, formula, requirement, validation, or constraint 0D[LPXP OHQJWK 254 254 __

A business rule definition also includes the following properties, each with their respective page:
3URSHUW\ Expression Notes 'HVFULSWLRQ Presence of associated expression Presence of associated notes



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You can define several different types of business rules:
5XOH W\SH Definition Fact Formula Requirement 'HVFULEHV Object properties in the information system Certainty, existence in the information system Calculation used in the information system Functional specification in the information system Constraint on a value in the information system Additional check constraint on a value. Constraint business rules are used in the PDM, they are generated in the database ([DPSOH A customer is a person identified by a name and an address A client may place one or more orders The total order is the sum of all the order line costs The model is designed so that total losses do not exceed 10% of total sales The sum of all orders for a client must not be greater than that clients allowance The start date should be inferior to the end date of a project

Validation

Constraint

$ For more information on constraint, see section Using constraint

business rules in a PDM in chapter Using Business Rules in a PDM in the 3K\VLFDO 'DWD 0RGHO 8VHU
V *XLGH.

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Before you create business rules, formulate your rules by asking yourself the following questions:  What business problems do I want to address? Are there any procedures that my system must respect? Do any specifications dictate the scope of my project? Do any constraints limit my options? How do I describe each of these procedures, specifications, and constraints? How do I classify these descriptions: as definitions, facts, formulas, or validation rules?

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1 2

Select ModelBusiness Rules to display the List of Business Rules showing any business rules currently defined for the model. Click a blank line in the list. RU Click the Add a Row tool. An arrow appears at the beginning of the line.

Type a name and a code for the business rule.

Click Apply. The creation of the new business rule is committed.

Click the new business rule line. An arrow appears at the beginning of the line.

Click the Properties tool. RU Double click the arrow at the beginning of the line. The property sheet for the new business rule appears.

7 8

Click the General tab and select a business rule type from the Type dropdown listbox. Click OK in each of the dialog boxes.



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From the list of business rules, you can apply a business rule to existing BPM objects. You can also apply a business rule to objects from their respective property sheets or lists.

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You can apply a business rule to a BPM object from its property sheet.
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1 2 3

Double-click an object in the model to display the object property sheet. Click the Rules tab to display the Rules page. Click the Add Objects tool. The Selection window appears. It contains a list of all the business rules of the model, except the rules that already belong to the object.

Select the business rules you want to add to the object.

Click OK. The business rules are added to the object and appear in the list of business rules for the object.

Click OK.



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A business rule typically starts out as a description. As you develop your model and analyze your business problem, you can complete a rule by adding a technical expression. Each business rule can include two types of expression: Server that can be generated to a database Client that is used mainly for documentation purposes

Expressions are used essentially in a CDM or a PDM.

$ For more information on expressions, see chapter Using Business Rules

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V *XLGH.



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C H A P T E R

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About this chapter

This chapter describes how to build a Business Process Model (BPM). It explains the role of each object in a BPM diagram and how to create and modify them.
7RSLF Defining a business process diagram Defining starts in a BPM Defining processes Defining organization units in a BPM Defining flows Defining message formats Defining data Defining resources Defining resource flows Defining decisions in a BPM Defining synchronizations in a BPM Defining ends in a BPM 3DJH 24 27 30 40 53 60 65 77 80 87 91 95

Contents



'HILQLQJ D EXVLQHVV SURFHVV GLDJUDP

'HILQLQJ D EXVLQHVV SURFHVV GLDJUDP

A EXVLQHVV SURFHVV GLDJUDP shows interactions between business processes. It focuses on flows that vehicle data among processes. It can be created in a model, or a package or within a composite process.

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There is a difference between the top business process diagram created within a model or a package, and the sub-process diagram created within a composite process. Business process diagrams You can create several business process diagrams within a package or a model. Each of those diagrams is independent and designs a business process. A business process diagram defines an isolated context in which the integrity of elements can be checked. In a business process diagram, you can: Create packages Convert the business process diagram to a package

$ For more information on converting a diagram to a package, see

the corresponding section in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH. Convert the business process diagram to a composite process

$ For more information on converting a business process diagram to

a composite process, see section Converting a business process diagram to a composite process. Sub-process diagrams A sub-process diagram designs a process decomposition. It details the implementation of a parent process, called FRPSRVLWH SURFHVV. It describes the context of a complex process. All integrity checks are performed on all elements defined in the composite process. In a sub-process diagram, it is QRW possible to create packages. You can only use shortcuts of packages. You can create several sub-process diagrams within a composite process but it is not advised though to decompose a process into too many sub-process diagrams.

$ For more information on sub-process diagrams, see section Converting

a business process diagram to a composite process.



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PowerDesigner lets you convert a diagram to a composite process using the Convert Diagram to Process Wizard from the Tools menu. When you convert a business process diagram to a composite process, you create sub-business process diagrams within a composite process. You do so, when you want to describe the context of a complex process. The diagram must contain objects to proceed to the conversion in the wizard.
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Right-click the diagram node in the Browser and select Convert to Composite Process from the contextual menu. RU Right-click the diagram background window and select DiagramConvert to Composite Process from the contextual menu. RU Select ToolsConvert to Composite Process. The Convert Diagram to Process page appears.

2 3

Type a name and a code for the composite process. Click Next.



'HILQLQJ D EXVLQHVV SURFHVV GLDJUDP The Selecting objects to move page appears. It displays only relevant tabbed pages. By default, all objects are selected.

Click Finish if you want all the selected objects to be moved into the composite process. RU Deselect the objects you do not want to be moved into the composite Process and click Finish.

$ For more information on how to select items in a selection list, see

section Adding an item from a selection list in chapter Using the PowerDesigner interface in the *HQHUDO IHDWXUHV *XLGH. The selected objects are moved into the composite process. From the Browser, you can see that sub-objects appear directly under the composite process node at the same level as the sub-process diagram.



&KDSWHU  %XLOGLQJ D %XVLQHVV 3URFHVV 0RGHO

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A VWDUW is a starting point of the whole process represented in the business process diagram. It represents an external entry point between a process and the outside. You can create several starts within a package or a model since you can use several business process diagrams in the same model or package However, you cannot create shortcuts for a start.

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You can double-click any start symbol in a diagram to display its properties. A start has the following properties:
3URSHUW\ Name Code Comment Stereotype 'HVFULSWLRQ Name of the start Reference name of the start Descriptive comment for the start Sub-classification derived from an existing start 0D[LPXP OHQJWK 254 254 254

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There are several ways to create a start: From a diagram From the Browser From the list of starts

At creation, a start has a default name including a number, this number is assigned in the order of creation.

$ For more information on the different ways to create a start, see section
Creating an object in chapter Managing Objects in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH.



'HILQLQJ VWDUWV LQ D %30

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1 2

Click the Start tool. Click anywhere in the diagram. The following symbol appears at the click position:

Click the Pointer tool. RU Click the right mouse button. You release the Start tool.

4 5

Double-click the start symbol to display the start property sheet. Type a name and a code.

Click OK.

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You can modify the start properties using the following methods:  From the start property sheet From the list of starts

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$ For more information on the different ways to modify the start

properties, see section Modifying object properties in chapter Managing Objects in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH.

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You can modify the following display preferences for a start using the ToolsDisplay Preferences command:
3UHIHUHQFH Show name Show stereotype 'HVFULSWLRQ Displays the name of the start Displays the stereotype of the start

When you define display preferences for a start, you automatically define them for an end also.

$ For more information on defining display preferences for an end, see

section Modifying the end display preferences in a BPM.



'HILQLQJ SURFHVVHV

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A SURFHVV can be the design of a service (implementation process) or the invocation of a manual or automated action, like "getting money from an incoming order", or "building a software system according to the specifications" for example. When the process gains the control, it performs the action, then, depending on the result of the action, the flow is passed to another process. A process can be viewed as an action to reach a goal. A process must have one input flow and one output flow at least. A process can be atomic or composite: An DWRPLF SURFHVV does not contain any sub-processes. It is called process in a BPM A FRPSRVLWH SURFHVV uses sub-processes to describe its actions. It is called composite process in a BPM

$ For more information on composite processes, see section Defining

composite processes. Reusing existing processes You can use internal and external shortcuts of processes to reference your model.

$ For more information on shortcuts, see chapter Managing shortcuts in

the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH. You can also use implementation processes that semantically behave as shortcuts, however you can redefine some properties such as name, code, timeout or duration.

$ For more information on implementation processes, see section Process

properties.



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3URFHVV SURSHUWLHV
You can double-click any process symbol in a diagram to display its properties.
3URSHUW\ Name Code Comment Stereotype Organization unit 'HVFULSWLRQ Name of the process Reference name of the process Descriptive comment for the process Extends the semantics of a process derived from existing processes but specific to your needs Displays the organization units defined in the model. You can click the Properties tool beside this box to display the property sheet of the selected organization unit If selected, implies that the process becomes a composite process Displays the available implementation processes in the model. You can click the Properties tool beside this box to display the property sheet of the selected implementation process 0D[LPXP OHQJWK 254 254 254 254

Composite Implemented by

254

Stereotype

You can type stereotypes directly in the Stereotype column of the object property sheet or select a value from the dropdown listbox if you have previously defined stereotypes in an embedded or imported extended model definition (.XEM).

$ For more information on extended model definitions, see section

Working with extended model definitions in chapter Managing Objects in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH.

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An organization unit is an optional element that allows you to define which organization is responsible for which process. It can represent a company, a system, a service, an organization, a user or a role. The Organization Unit box lists the organization units defined in the model. It is used to specify which organization unit is linked to a process. You can click the Ellipsis tool beside the Organization unit box to create a new organization unit in the List of Organization Units.



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$ For more information on organization units, see section Defining

organization units in a BPM.

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The Composite check box allows you to create or delete a composite process. It is not selected by default. If you select the Composite check box, a sub-process diagram is created within the process. This specifies the decomposition of a process. You can then create the same objects as in a business process diagram If you deselect the Composite check box, or select Change to atomic from the contextual menu of a composite process, a confirmation dialog box asks you to confirm the objects deletion. The existing sub-process diagram and all its objects are then deleted. There is no confirmation dialog box if no objects have been defined in the sub-process diagram

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The Implemented By box lists available implementation processes of the model. It is used to share the implementation details of an existing process and overload other properties like name, code, timeout or duration. The process selected in the Implemented By box can be considered as a call for the implementation process. The implemented process semantically behaves as a shortcut. The implemented by process symbol appears with the following icon in the right-hand corner:

Implemented by process vs. implementation process

7\SH RI SURFHVV Implemented by process Implementation process

'HVFULSWLRQ Process which is implemented by another process Process that implements another process

You can click the Select Process tool beside the Implemented By box to select an implementation process in another opened diagram. The Implemented By box is grayed out in a composite process property sheet, as a process cannot define its implementation in a sub-diagram and reference its implementation process at the same time. A process cannot be implemented by an implemented process. 

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Drag & Drop + ALT

You can directly create an implemented process by pressing the ALT key while dragging the implementation process and dropping it into another package or composite process within the same model or into another model. A new process is created that bears the same name as its implementation process. You can change the name in the process property sheet and see its implementation process in the Implemented By box.

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An action is a parameter that applies to a process. The Action page defines the nature, the type and the duration of an action that a process executes. It contains the following parameters:
3DUDPHWHU Action type Editor 'HVFULSWLRQ Specifies the way the action should be executed. It can be a manual, automated or an undefined type Details how the action is executed. Example: you can write pseudo code or an information on the program to execute, as well as open, insert and save any text files containing valuable information Zero is the default value. If the value is not set to zero, it means that a timeout exception occurs if the execution of the activation takes more than the specified timeout limit. You can type any alphanumeric value in the Timeout box (Example: 20 seconds) Specifies estimated or statistic duration to execute the action. This information is for documentation purposes only; estimate on the global duration is not computed

Timeout

Duration

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You can open the Action page by right-clicking the process symbol in the diagram, and selecting Action from the contextual menu.

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A FRPSRVLWH SURFHVV is a child process used to describe the actions of a parent process.



'HILQLQJ SURFHVVHV There is no limitation on the number of decompositions. Each process can be decomposed into a composite process, except the lowest level processes. Those ones do not need to be further decomposed because they intrinsically contain enough detail, or because they represent an atomic process. The composite process symbol appears with the following icon in the righthand corner:

A composite process always contains a default sub-process diagram. You can create several sub-process diagrams within a composite process, but it is not recommended, as when you are in a sub-process diagram it means that you are within the context of a process. Unless you want to design some exception cases like error management for example, it would not be consistent to create too many sub-process diagrams within a composite process. The composite process behaves like a VSHFLDOL]HG package or container that contains a sub-process diagram, for this reason, it is not possible to create a package in a composite process.
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You can drag any business process diagram objects from the Browser and drop them into a sub-process diagram. These objects are automatically inserted into the target sub-process diagram. All sub-processes defined within a composite process share the same namespace as the parent process. When you work within a composite process, the associated objects appear under the Processes node in the Browser. The Processes node can be expanded to display its children nodes, this allows you to see the process decomposition in a quick and convenient way.
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You can locate any object or any diagram in the Browser tree view from the current diagram window by right-clicking the object symbol or the diagram background, and select EditFind in Browser.



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There are several ways to create a process: From a diagram From the Browser From the list of processes

At creation, a process has a default name including a number, this number is assigned in the order of creation.

$ For more information on the different ways to create a process, see

section Creating an object in chapter Managing Objects in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH.

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1 2

Click the Process tool. Click anywhere in the diagram. The following symbol appears at the click position:

Click the Pointer tool. RU Click the right mouse button. You release the Process tool.

Double-click the process symbol to display the process property sheet.



'HILQLQJ SURFHVVHV 5 Type a name and a code.

Click OK.

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You create a composite process from the symbol of the parent process: From a diagram From the contextual menu

When you create a composite process, a default sub-process diagram is automatically created. A composite process must always have one start and one end at least.

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Press CTRL + double-click the parent process symbol to create the composite process.



&KDSWHU  %XLOGLQJ D %XVLQHVV 3URFHVV 0RGHO A default sub-process diagram opens in the diagram window. The composite process node is visible in the Processes category of the Browser marked with a + sign.

If you expand the composite process node, you see that a default subprocess diagram node is automatically created:

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You can create a composite process from the process contextual menu, it is equivalent to selecting the Composite box in the process property sheet.
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Right-click the parent process symbol in the diagram window and select Change to Composite from the contextual menu. The process symbol changes to the following symbol:



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You can open a composite process using the following methods: Press CTRL + double-click the composite process symbol in the diagram. RU Select Open Diagram from the contextual menu of the composite process symbol in the diagram. The default sub-process diagram opens in the diagram window.

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You can close a composite process using the following methods: Press CTRL + U in the sub-process diagram to go up to the default diagram. RU Select DiagramGo Up One Level from the contextual menu and select the parent business process diagram. If several diagrams are opened in the workspace, you are requested to select the parent process diagram.
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You can set a diagram to be the default diagram by selecting the Default Diagram check box in the diagram property sheet.

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You can modify the process properties using the following methods: From the process property sheet From the list of processes

$ For more information on the different ways to modify the process

properties, see section Modifying object properties in chapter Managing Objects in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH.



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You can modify the following display preferences for a process using the ToolsDisplay Preferences command:
3UHIHUHQFH Show stereotype Show "Implemented by" icon Show "Composite" icon 'HVFULSWLRQ Displays the stereotype of the process Displays the "Implemented by" icon on the symbol process Displays the "Composite" icon on the symbol process



'HILQLQJ RUJDQL]DWLRQ XQLWV LQ D %30

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An RUJDQL]DWLRQ XQLW is an optional element that allows you to define which organization is responsible for which process. It can represent a company, a system, a service, an organization, a user or a role. It can also be considered as a business partner who uses high level processes. An organization unit is assigned to a process. You can use internal and external shortcuts of organization units. Swimlane representation The organization unit is equivalent to the VZLPODQH in UML. It allows you to have an organizational view of your processes and displays as follows:

A swimlane can contain all the symbols of a process diagram: processes, flows, decisions, etc. Icon representation A general option allows you to switch to the icon representation of the organization unit to express the relationship that exists between a process and the user of that process. You must use extended dependencies between both objects to materialize that relationship. If you want to switch to the icon representation, you have to select the ToolsDisplay PreferencesGeneral command and deselect the Organization Unit Swimlane check box. You can also select the Disable Swimlane Mode from the Diagram or swimlane contextual menu. An organization unit with an icon representation displays as follows and behaves like any other PowerDesigner objects:



&KDSWHU  %XLOGLQJ D %XVLQHVV 3URFHVV 0RGHO In the following example, the organization unit (Buyer) uses the process (Order):

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For models that have been created in version 9, organization units are represented with an icon. If you want to switch to the swimlane representation, you have to select the ToolsDisplay PreferencesGeneral command and select the Organization Unit Swimlane check box. Switching from one representation to another When you switch from one representation to another, the following occurs in the diagram:
)URP Swimlane to icon :KDW KDSSHQV The swimlane symbol is deleted, but the corresponding organization unit still exists in the Browser. To view the corresponding icon symbol, right-click the diagram background, select Show Symbols from the contextual menu, and select the check box for the corresponding organization unit. If processes are attached to the swimlane, their attachment still appears in the property sheet of the processes. For more information on how to attach a process to an organization unit, see section Attaching a process to an organization unit The icon symbol for the organization unit is deleted and automatically replaced with a swimlane if the icon organization unit had a process attached to it, otherwise you must display the swimlane symbol using the Show Symbols feature

Icon to swimlane

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When the organization unit is a swimlane, you do not open its property sheet by double-clicking the object as you do for any other PowerDesigner objects.



'HILQLQJ RUJDQL]DWLRQ XQLWV LQ D %30 You must: Position the cursor above the organization unit symbol until you see a vertical arrow pointing to the frame

Click with the left mouse button to display a selection frame around the symbol. Double-click the zone between the selection frame and the swimlane to open the property sheet of the organization unit.

The organization unit property sheet displays the following properties:

3URSHUW\ Name Code Comment Stereotype 'HVFULSWLRQ Name of the organization unit Reference name of the organization unit Descriptive comment for the organization unit Extends the semantics of an organization unit derived from existing organization units but specific to your needs Displays the parent organization unit 0D[LPXP OHQJWK 254 254 254

Parent organization

254



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Stereotype

You can select a predefined stereotype from the dropdown listbox. You can also type stereotypes directly in the Stereotype column of the object property sheet or select a value from the dropdown listbox if you have previously defined stereotypes in an embedded or imported extended model definition (.XEM).

$ For more information on extended model definitions, see section

Working with extended model definitions in chapter Managing Objects in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH. An organization unit has the following predefined stereotypes:
6WHUHRW\SH Role User Group Company Organization Division Service 'HVFULSWLRQ Defines a role a user plays Defines a user Defines a group of users Defines a company Defines an organization as a whole Defines a division in a global structure Defines a service in a global structure

Parent organization

The Parent dropdown listbox lists all organization units in the model. Each time an organization unit is selected, it becomes the parent of another organization unit, the latter becoming the child. This relationship is also displayed in the Organization Units tabbed page of the Dependencies page in the property sheet of the child organization unit.

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There are several ways to create an organization unit: From a diagram From the Browser From the list of organization units

At creation, an organization unit has a default name including a number, this number is assigned in the order of creation.



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$ For more information on the different ways to create an organization

unit, see section Creating an object in chapter Managing Objects in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH. You can choose to create an organization unit as a swimlane or as an icon.

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Before you create an organization unit from a diagram with the swimlane representation, you must select the Organization Unit Swimlane check box in the Display Preferences dialog box or right-click the diagram background and select the Enable Swimlane Mode command from the contextual menu.
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1 2

Click the Organization Unit tool. Click anywhere in the diagram. The following symbol appears at the click position:

3 4

Click the right mouse button to release the Organization Unit tool. Position the cursor above the organization unit symbol until you see a vertical arrow pointing to the frame.

Click with the left mouse button to display a selection frame around the symbol.



&KDSWHU  %XLOGLQJ D %XVLQHVV 3URFHVV 0RGHO 6 Double-click the zone between the selection frame and the swimlane to open the property sheet of the organization unit.

Type a name and a code.

8 9

<Optional> Type or select a stereotype in the Stereotype dropdown listbox. <Optional> Type or select a parent organization in the Parent Organization dropdown listbox.

10 Click OK.
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You cannot use the SymbolGroup Symbols feature to group organization units/swimlanes in the business process diagram. 

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Before you create an organization unit from a diagram with the icon representation, you must deselect the Organization Unit Swimlane check box in the Display Preferences dialog box or right-click the diagram background and select the Disable Swimlane Mode command from the contextual menu.
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1 2

Click the Organization Unit tool. Click anywhere in the diagram. The following symbol appears at the click position:

Click the Pointer tool. RU Click the right mouse button. You release the Organization Unit tool.

4 5

Double-click the organization unit symbol to display the organization unit property sheet. Type a name and a code.



&KDSWHU  %XLOGLQJ D %XVLQHVV 3URFHVV 0RGHO 6 7 8 <Optional> Type or select a stereotype in the Stereotype dropdown listbox. <Optional> Type or select a parent organization in the Parent Organization dropdown listbox. Click OK.

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When a process is attached to an organization unit, the organization unit name appears in the Organization Unit dropdown listbox of the process property sheet.
,I WKH RUJDQL]DWLRQ LV D VZLPODQH This attachment is graphically materialized by displaying the process within the swimlane in the process diagram ,I WKH RUJDQL]DWLRQ XQLW LV DQ LFRQ

This attachment is not graphically materialized. You can only see it by opening the process property sheet

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Double-click the process in the diagram to open the process property sheet. Select an organization unit from the Organization Unit dropdown listbox and click OK. RU (For swimlane organization units only) Click the Process tool in the palette and click in the required swimlane. The organization unit name automatically appears in the Organization Unit dropdown listbox.

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You can easily attach an existing process to a swimlane by selecting the process symbol in the diagram, pressing the ALT key and dragging the process to the swimlane.



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Select <None> in the Organization Unit dropdown listbox in the process property sheet. RU (For swimlane organization units only) Press the ALT key while clicking the process symbol in the diagram, and drag the process outside the swimlane.

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You can modify the organization unit properties using the following methods: From the organization unit property sheet From the list of organization units

$ For more information on the different ways to modify the organization

unit properties, see section Modifying object properties in chapter Managing Objects in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH. If the organization unit is a swimlane, you open its property sheet by doubleclicking the zone between the selection frame and the swimlane:

$ For more information on how to open the property sheet of a swimlane,

see section Creating an organization unit as a swimlane from a diagram.



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All symbols displayed in the diagram and associated with an organization unit must be drawn in the corresponding swimlane. Process symbols are slightly different because you can attach processes to a swimlane, thus if you change the attachment of a process, its symbol moves to the appropriate swimlane.

$ For more information on attaching a process to a swimlane, see section

Attaching a process to an organization unit. You can move, copy and paste, resize, or delete a swimlane. You can also modify its format preferences.
0HUJLQJ EXVLQHVV SURFHVV GLDJUDPV

When you use the Merge Models feature to merge business process diagrams, the symbols of all elements in swimlanes are merged without comparison. You can either accept all modifications on all symbols or no modification at all.

6HOHFWLQJ VZLPODQHV LQ D %30

Selecting a single swimlane To select a swimlane, position the cursor above the organization unit symbol until you see a vertical arrow pointing to the frame, then click the left mouse button.



'HILQLQJ RUJDQL]DWLRQ XQLWV LQ D %30 All swimlanes within a diagram are called a VHW RI VZLPODQHV. There can only be one set of swimlanes per diagram. To select the entire set of swimlanes, click in the header of one of the swimlanes.

Selecting all swimlanes

0RYLQJ FRS\LQJ DQG SDVWLQJ VZLPODQHV LQ D %30

You can move an individual swimlane to another location. You can also move the HQWLUH set of swimlane to another location but it is not possible to move several swimlanes simultaneously. Your can move or copy a swimlane and paste it to the following locations:
'LDJUDP Different :KDW KDSSHQV When you move or copy the swimlane as an individual symbol to another folder or diagram, the symbols that exist inside the swimlane are not copied When you move a swimlane within the same diagram, you change the order of swimlanes inside the set of swimlanes. In this case, all symbols inside the swimlane are moved at the same time (even if some elements are not attached to the swimlane). This is to preserve the layout of the diagram

Same

If you move attached processes inside a swimlane, the width or height of the swimlane varies to include all attached processes. When you move or copy an entire set of swimlanes and paste it into a different diagram, the symbols that exist inside the swimlanes are not copied.



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You resize a swimlane by selecting one of the two sidelines of the swimlane. Depending if you use vertical or horizontal swimlanes, you can drag the cursor to change the size of the swimlane as shown below:

When you change the width or height of an individual swimlane, all process symbols attached to the swimlane keep their position. You can also resize the entire set of swimlanes by selecting one of the handles around the set of swimlanes and drag it to any direction.

$ For more information on the selection of swimlanes and set of

swimlanes, see section Selecting swimlanes in a BPM.

$ For more information on how to select swimlane orientation, see section

Modifying the organization unit display preferences in a BPM.

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You can change the format of a swimlane individually or the format of the entire set of swimlanes from the Symbol Format dialog box.
v 7R FKDQJH WKH V\PERO IRUPDW RI D VZLPODQH

Position the cursor above the swimlane until you see a vertical arrow pointing to the frame, click the right mouse button and select Format from the contextual menu to display the Symbol Format dialog box. Type or select changes in the different tabbed pages. Click OK.

2 3



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You can delete a swimlane by selecting it and pressing the DELETE key. When you delete a swimlane, the symbols that exist inside are not deleted.

0RGLI\LQJ WKH RUJDQL]DWLRQ XQLW GLVSOD\ SUHIHUHQFHV LQ D %30

You can define the following display preferences for an organization unit using the ToolsDisplay PreferencesGeneral command:
3UHIHUHQFH Organization unit swimlane Vertical Horizontal 'HVFULSWLRQ Displays the organization unit as a swimlane. If the check box is deselected, the organization unit displays as an icon When the Organization unit swimlane check box is selected, displays swimlane horizontally in the diagram When the Organization unit swimlane check box is selected, displays swimlane vertically in the diagram

Another display preference is available for an organization unit using the ToolsDisplay PreferencesObject View command:
3UHIHUHQFH Show stereotype 'HVFULSWLRQ Displays the stereotype of the organization unit



&KDSWHU  %XLOGLQJ D %XVLQHVV 3URFHVV 0RGHO

'HILQLQJ IORZV
A IORZ describes an interaction between two objects with potential exchange of data. It is represented as a line going from one object to another. It is a route the flow transits on to link objects. The routing of the flow is made using guard conditions defined on the flow. If the condition is true, the flow is passed to the next object in the sequence. Two flows can be defined between the same source and destination objects (SDUDOOHO IORZV). The flow link is represented as a simple line with a direction (arrow):

You can draw a flow from and to the following business process diagram objects:
)URP?7R Start Synchronization Decision Process End 6WDUW

'HFLVLRQ

6\QFKURQL]DWLRQ

3URFHVV

(QG

= allowed
= not allowed
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You change the object at either end of a flow by clicking the flow to select it, holding the CTRL key down, and dragging one of the attach points to a different object. Message format You can associate a message format to a flow in case of data exchange between objects, in order to define the type of the accessed data. With the Check Model feature you can verify the coherence between the message format defined in the flow and the message format accepted by the object.

$ For more information on message formats, see section Defining

message formats.

$ For more information on the Check Model feature, see chapter Working
with Business Process Models. 

'HILQLQJ IORZV

Linking shortcuts

A flow can link shortcuts. As process shortcuts in a diagram designate the invocation of external processes, a flow between two process shortcuts designate a transition between two processes invocation. 5HIOH[LYH IORZV only exist on processes (same source and destination process)

Constraints on flows

)ORZ SURSHUWLHV
You can double-click any flow symbol in a diagram to display its properties.
3URSHUW\ Name Code Comment Source 'HVFULSWLRQ Name of the flow Reference name of the flow Descriptive comment for the flow Where the flow starts from. You can click the Properties tool beside this box to display the source object property sheet Where the flow ends on. You can click the Properties tool beside this box to display the destination object property sheet Sub-classification derived from an existing flow Definition of the way data flow is vehicled Definition of the type of the flow Definition of data exchanged between processes 0D[LPXP OHQJWK 254 254 254

Destination

254

Stereotype Transport Flow type Message format

254 254 254 254

7UDQVSRUW
Transport is meant to be used for documentation purposes only. It gives information on the way the data flow is vehicled. You can create your own type of transport in the Transport dropdown listbox, or you can choose one of the following values:  Fax delivery Mail Telephone

&KDSWHU  %XLOGLQJ D %XVLQHVV 3URFHVV 0RGHO

)ORZ W\SH
You can create your own type of flow in the Flow Type dropdown listbox, or you can choose one of the following values:
)ORZ W\SH Success Timeout Technical error Business error 'HVFULSWLRQ Defines a successful flow Defines a timeout limit Represents a technical error Represents a business error

0HVVDJH IRUPDW RI D IORZ

You can choose one of the following values:
0HVVDJH IRUPDW None Undefined 'HVFULSWLRQ When selected, it indicates that no data are exchanged Default value. When selected, it indicates that message formats will be defined later

You can click the Create tool beside the Message Format dropdown listbox to create a message format for your flow.

$ For more information on message format, see section Defining message

formats.

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A condition is a parameter that applies to a flow. When there are several flows, each condition is evaluated in order to choose the one the flow will transit on. The Condition page defines the nature of the condition attached to a flow.



'HILQLQJ IORZV The Condition page contains the following parameters:

3DUDPHWHU Alias 'HVFULSWLRQ Summarizes the condition attached to a flow. It is recommended to write an alias (short editor) when using a long condition in order to display the alias instead of the condition in the diagram Details the condition. For example, you can write information on the condition to execute, as well as open, insert and save any text files containing valuable information

Editor

The Alias (or Editor, if the Alias box is empty) is displayed near the source symbol as shown below:

If you do not type any alias or editor in the corresponding boxes and if the flow type is not the default value (Success), then the displayed condition will be the flow type.

2SHQLQJ WKH &RQGLWLRQ SDJH

You can open the Condition page by right-clicking the flow symbol in the diagram, and selecting Condition from the contextual menu.

'DWD IORZ
A data defines the type of information exchanged between business processes and transported by a flow. The Data page allows you to select data that will be transported by the flow from a selection list. You can view in the diagram the list of data transported by a flow by selecting ToolsDisplay PreferencesFlow and select the Show Data List check box. The list of data appears on the flow in the diagram.

$ For more information on how to select data for a flow, see section
Selecting data for a flow or a message format.



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There are several ways to create a flow: From a diagram From the Browser From the list of flows

At creation, a flow has a default name including a number, this number is assigned in the order of creation. When you create a flow from the Browser or from the list of flows, you must previously define source and destination objects for the flow.

$ For more information on the different ways to create a flow, see section
Creating an object in chapter Managing Objects in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH.

v 7R FUHDWH D IORZ IURP D GLDJUDP

1 2

Click the Flow/Resource Flow tool. Click inside the first process and while continuing to hold down the mouse button, drag the cursor to the second process. Release the mouse button inside the second process. The flow link appears between the two processes.

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You change the process at either end of a flow by clicking the flow to select it, holding the CTRL key down, and dragging one of the attach points to a different process. 3 Click the Pointer tool. RU Click the right mouse button. You release the Flow/Resource Flow tool.



'HILQLQJ IORZV 4 Double-click the flow in the diagram to display its property sheet.

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You can open the property sheet of the source and destination objects by clicking the Source and Destination buttons located in the upper part of the flow property sheet. 5 6 Type or select flow properties as required in the tabbed pages. Click OK.
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Flows coming in and out the process are also displayed in the process property sheet. You can display those flows from the Input Flows or Output Flows tabbed page of the Dependencies page.



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You can modify the flow properties using the following methods: From the flow property sheet From the list of flows

$ For more information on the different ways to modify the flow

properties, see section Modifying object properties in chapter Managing Objects in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH.

0RGLI\LQJ WKH IORZ GLVSOD\ SUHIHUHQFHV

You can modify the following display preferences for a flow using the ToolsDisplay Preferences command:
3UHIHUHQFH Show stereotype Show message format symbol Show data list 'HVFULSWLRQ Displays the stereotype of the flow Displays the symbol of the message format for the flow Displays the list of data for the flow

The Show Message Format symbol and the Show Data List preferences are mutually exclusive.

$ For more information on message formats, see section Defining

message formats.

$ For more information on data, see section Defining data.



'HILQLQJ PHVVDJH IRUPDWV

'HILQLQJ PHVVDJH IRUPDWV

A PHVVDJH IRUPDW defines the format of a piece of information exchanged between business processes. The format depends on the nature of the exchanged piece of information and allows objects to find an agreement to communicate. Business processes exchange information using resource flows and process flows. You can have a flow without any message format if no information is exchanged.

$ For more information on resource flows, see section Defining resource

flows. A message format can be an XML document, for which you will have to specify the DTD (Document Type Definition) or the XML schema, or parameters of a procedure call, for which you will have to specify the list of exchanged parameters with their data types, the parameter names and the in/out information. An administrative form can also represent a message format. The message format is displayed in the diagram only in association with the flow that uses it. As you create a message format from the flow property sheet, its symbol is linked to the flow symbol, and appears centered on the flow line as shown below:

If you move the flow, the message format moves accordingly. You cannot copy a message format symbol, and if you delete its symbol in the diagram, the message format value is set to None in the Message Format box of the flow property sheet.

$ For more information on message format options, see section Defining

BPM options in chapter Business Process Model Basics.



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0HVVDJH IRUPDW SURSHUWLHV

You can double-click any message format symbol in a diagram to display its properties:
3URSHUW\ Name Code Comment Stereotype Message format type 'HVFULSWLRQ Name of the message format Reference name of the message format Descriptive comment for the message format Sub-classification derived from an existing message format Definition of the type of the message format 0D[LPXP OHQJWK 254 254 254 254

0HVVDJH IRUPDW W\SH

You can type your own type of message format or you can choose one of the following values in the Message Format Type dropdown listbox:
0HVVDJH IRUPDW W\SH Undefined 'HVFULSWLRQ When selected, it indicates that you do not need to specify a type for your message format for data to be properly processed When selected, it indicates that your message format needs an XML schema for data to be properly processed When selected, it indicates that your message format needs a DTD for data to be properly processed

XML schema

DTD

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A Definition is a parameter that applies to a message format. The Definition page specifies the definition of the message format attached to the flow.



'HILQLQJ PHVVDJH IRUPDWV It contains the following parameters:

3DUDPHWHU Definition type 'HVFULSWLRQ Indicates whether the message format definition is stored within the object (Embedded), or externally (MS Word file, URL, etc.):

Embedded file: Indicates that the message format definition is stored within the object. You can directly type the definition in the Editor box External file and URL: Indicates that the message format definition is specified outside the model. It can be a file that you access on your disk or via a given drive or a Web address

External definition Editor

Allows you to define the location path of an external file or an URL. This box is grayed out when you select Embedded file in the Definition Type zone Allows you to detail the definition. For example, you can write information about the DTD or the list of parameters, as well as open, insert and save any text files containing valuable information. This box is grayed out when you did not select Embedded for the definition type of your message format

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You can open the Definition page by right-clicking the message format symbol in the diagram, and selecting Definition from the contextual menu.

'DWD PHVVDJH IRUPDW

A data defines the type of information exchanged between business processes and transported by a message format. The Data page allows you to select data that will be transported by the message format from a selection list. You can display in the diagram the list of data transported by a message format by selecting ToolsDisplay PreferencesFlow (or Resource Flow) and select the Show Data List check box. The list of data appears on the flow in the diagram instead of the message format symbol.

$ For more information on how to select data for a flow, see section
Selecting data for a flow or a message format.



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There are several ways to create a message format: From a flow property sheet From the Browser From the list of message formats

At creation, a message format has a default name including a number, this number is assigned in the order of creation.

$ For more information on the different ways to create a message format,

see section Creating an object in chapter Managing Objects in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH.

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1 2

Double-click a flow symbol in the diagram to display its property sheet. Click the Create tool beside the Message Format dropdown listbox located in the lower part of the flow property sheet. A confirmation box asks you to commit the object creation.

Click Yes. The message format property sheet appears.



'HILQLQJ PHVVDJH IRUPDWV 4 Type or select message format properties as required in the tabbed pages.

Click OK.

0RGLI\LQJ PHVVDJH IRUPDW SURSHUWLHV

You can modify the message format properties using the following methods: From the message format property sheet From the list of message formats

$ For more information on the different ways to modify the message

format properties, see section Modifying object properties in chapter Managing Objects in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH.



&KDSWHU  %XLOGLQJ D %XVLQHVV 3URFHVV 0RGHO

'HILQLQJ GDWD
A GDWD allows you to identify the type of information exchanged between business processes at a high conceptual level, focusing more on the semantic of the information than on technical aspects, such as physical data type, check parameters, etc. Business processes exchange information using resource flows and process flows.

$ For more information on process flows and resource flows, see sections
Defining flows and Defining resource flows. You can specify a type to a data and link the data to an object in order to specify the nature of the piece of information exchanged between business processes. Business data can be considered as the entry point for specifying structural elements that you can analyze afterwards in Conceptual Data Models or UML Class Diagrams. A data belongs to a package and can be referenced in other packages. A data has no graphical symbol. You can nevertheless display a list of data on the flow symbol, instead of the message format.

$ For more information on how to display a list of data on a process flow

symbol or resource flow symbol, see section Modifying the flow display preferences or section Modifying the resource flow display preferences. A data can be used by several flows and message formats, but a flow or a message format cannot use the same data twice.



'HILQLQJ GDWD

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You access the data property sheet by double-clicking a data in the List of Data. You can display the following properties:
3URSHUW\ Name Code Comment Type Stereotype Definition 'HVFULSWLRQ Name of the data Reference name of the data Descriptive comment for the data Type of the data Sub-classification derived from an existing data Object represented by the data. It can be OOM or CDM objects 0D[LPXP OHQJWK 254 254 254

7\SH
The following types can be used for a data to specify the kind of information exchanged between objects: Undefined. When you simply manipulate a data and do not yet know its nature Structured data. When the data contains a set of elementary data Elementary data. When the data cannot be decomposed

'HILQLWLRQ GDWD
You can link a data to an object in another model according to the type you selected in the Type dropdown listbox. The Definition box is filled when you select an object to link to the data in the Select an Object dialog box.



&KDSWHU  %XLOGLQJ D %XVLQHVV 3URFHVV 0RGHO The Select Object Definition button located beside the Definition box allows you to open that dialog box and select either a CDM entity, a CDM data item, or an OOM class depending on the selected type of data in the Type box and on the opened models in the workspace. If there is no adequate CDM or OOM objects available in the workspace, the Select Object Definition button is grayed out:
'DWD W\SH Undefined Elementary Structured 2EMHFW WR VHOHFW CDM entity, CDM data item, and OOM class CDM data item CDM entity, and OOM class

The <Undefined> type automatically changes in the Type box according to the object you define in the Definition box. However, if you explicitly define a type before you select an object, you can only access objects related to the selected type. In addition, if you change the type of the data so that it is no longer coherent with the object defined in the Definition box, a message box asks you to confirm the change, and the link between the data and the object is removed. After you have selected an object to be linked to the data, the text (Shortcut) appears after its name in the Definition box. When you click the Properties button beside the Definition box, you can open the shortcut property sheet and access the target object.

$ For more information on how to link a data to an object, see section

Linking a data to an object.

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You create a data from the List of Data. At creation, a data has a default name including a number, this number is assigned in the order of creation.
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Select ModelList of Data. The list of data appears.

Click the Add a Row tool. A new data is added to the list, with a default name you can modify.

Type a name and a code for the data. 

'HILQLQJ GDWD 4 Click OK.

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You can modify the data properties using the following methods: From the data property sheet From the list of data

$ For more information on the different ways to modify the data

properties, see section Modifying object properties in chapter Managing Objects in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH.

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After you have identified the type of information exchanged between business processes, you can specify the nature of the transported data by linking the data to a CDM or OOM object. The object you can select for linking depends on the type you defined for the data.

$ For more information on the different types a data can have, see section
Definition (data). Only objects contained in models opened in the workspace can be selected. When you link a data to an object, the object name appears in the Definition box of the data property sheet.

$ For more information on the Definition box, see section Definition

(data).
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Open the data property sheet.



&KDSWHU  %XLOGLQJ D %XVLQHVV 3URFHVV 0RGHO 2 Select a type from the Type dropdown listbox.

Click the Select Definition Object beside the Definition box. The Select an Object dialog box appears. It allows you to select an object from a model opened in the workspace corresponding to the type of data you selected.

Select an object in the tree view and click OK.

The object name followed by (Shortcut) appears in the Definition box of the data property sheet. You can double-click the Properties tool beside the Definition box to open the shortcut property sheet and access the target object. 

'HILQLQJ GDWD

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You can click the Remove Link tool beside the Definition button to break the link between the data and the object.

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When you change the type of the data so that it no longer corresponds to the object defined in the Definition box, a message box asks you to confirm the change, and the link between the data and the object is broken.

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You can select data transported by process flows, resource flows and message formats from the Data page of their respective property sheet. Each time you select a data from the list, it is added to the Data page of the flow or message format property sheet and no longer appears in the list of available data.
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1 2 3 4

Double-click a process flow, a resource flow or a message format symbol in the diagram to open its property sheet. Click the Data tab to open the corresponding page. Click the Add Data tool to open a data selection list. Click the down arrowhead in the upper part of the list to select a model or package from the dropdown list.



&KDSWHU  %XLOGLQJ D %XVLQHVV 3URFHVV 0RGHO 5 Select the data you want.

Click OK. The selected data are added to the Data page of the flow, resource flow or message format property sheet and no longer appears in the available data selection list.



'HILQLQJ GDWD

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You can view in the diagram the list of data transported by a flow by selecting ToolsDisplay PreferencesFlow (or Resource Flow) and select the Show Data List check box. The list of data appears on the flow in the diagram or instead the message format symbol.

([FKDQJLQJ GDWD
You can export and import data using the Tools menu. Data export Business data are conceptual piece of information that can be specified with more details in a Conceptual Data Model (CDM) or a class diagram of an Object Oriented Model (OOM). You export data from the current business process model to: A Conceptual Data Model (CDM) An Object-Oriented Model (OOM)

When you export data, you create objects in the CDM or OOM from the exported data. Exported data are automatically linked to the created objects in the BPM. Data import You import data to create or enrich a reference database that you will use to identify information exchanged between processes. You import data in a business process model from: A Conceptual Data Model (CDM) An Object-Oriented Model (OOM)

When you import data, you create data in the current BPM from objects selected in a CDM or OOM. Imported data are automatically linked to the selected objects in the source model.

([SRUWLQJ GDWD
You export data to a CDM and an OOM using the Tools menu. You select data to export from the Data Export Wizard. Only elementary and structured data that are not already linked to an object can be exported. Also, the model in which you want to export data must be opened in the workspace, otherwise the Data Export Wizard command is grayed out. 

&KDSWHU  %XLOGLQJ D %XVLQHVV 3URFHVV 0RGHO The export process converts data to CDM and OOM objects as follows:
'DWD W\SH Elementary Structured &'0 Data item Entity 220 Class

When you export a data that has the same name and code as an object contained in the CDM or OOM, no object will be created for that data. The data will be automatically linked to the existing object.
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Select ToolsData Export Wizard. The Data Export Wizard opens. It contains all models and packages opened in the workspace to which you can export data.

Select the CDM or OOM model or package to which you want to export data and click the Next button. A data selection page appears. It contains a list of all the data you can export according to the type of model.

Click the down arrowhead in the upper part of the list to select a model or package from the dropdown list.



'HILQLQJ GDWD 4 Select data to export.

Click the Finish button. The result of the export is displayed in the Output window. You can view in the Browser tree view the creation of objects that correspond to the data you exported to the CDM or OOM:

'DWD UHH[SRUW

As the link with the business data is saved in the exported CDM or OOM, you cannot re-export data already exported. If you want to re-export all the data of your BPM, you have to select ModelTarget Models and delete the target model created during the export in order to delete all the shortcuts that reference it in the current BPM and be able to export the data again. If you wan to re-export a data individually, you can also remove the link to the object for the data you want to re-export.



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,PSRUWLQJ GDWD
You import CDM and OOM objects as data into a BPM using the Tools menu. You select objects to import from the Data Import Wizard. If there is no CDM or OOM opened in the workspace, the Data Import Wizard command is grayed out. The import process converts CDM and OOM objects to data as follows:
0RGHO CDM OOM 2EMHFW Data item Entity Class 'DWD W\SH Elementary Structured Structured

When you import an object that has the same type, name and code as an existing data in the BPM, the new data is automatically renamed and linked to the selected object in the OOM or CDM.
v 7R LPSRUW GDWD

Select ToolsData Import Wizard. The Data Import Wizard opens. It contains all models or packages opened in the workspace from which you can import data.

Select the CDM or OOM model or package from which you want to import data and click the Next button. 

'HILQLQJ GDWD An object selection page appears. It contains a list of all the objects you can import according to the type of model. 3 4 Click the down arrowhead in the upper part of the list to select a model or package from the dropdown list. Select objects to import.

Click the Finish button. The result of the import is displayed in the Output window. You can view in the Browser tree view the creation of data that correspond to the objects you imported in the current model:



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'HILQLQJ UHVRXUFHV
A UHVRXUFH is similar to a data store. It can be a data, a document, a database, a component, or an executable. It is a special asset that a process can use. You access data stored in the resource using the resource flow object.

$ For more information on the resource flow, see section Defining

resource flows. You are not allowed to create shortcuts of a resource.

5HVRXUFH SURSHUWLHV
You can double-click any resource symbol in a diagram to display its properties.
3URSHUW\ Name Code Comment Stereotype 'HVFULSWLRQ Name of the resource Reference name of the resource Descriptive comment for the resource Extends the semantics of a resource derived from existing resources but specific to your needs 0D[LPXP OHQJWK 254 254 254

Stereotype

You can select a predefined stereotype from the dropdown listbox. You can also type stereotypes directly in the Stereotype column of the object property sheet or select a value from the dropdown listbox if you have previously defined stereotypes in an embedded or imported extended model definition (.XEM).

$ For more information on extended model definitions, see section

Working with extended model definitions in chapter Managing Objects in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH.



'HILQLQJ UHVRXUFHV

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There are several ways to create a resource: From a diagram From the Browser From the list of resources

At creation, a resource has a default name including a number, this number is assigned in the order of creation.

$ For more information on the different ways to create a resource, see

section Creating an object in chapter Managing Objects in WKH *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH.

v 7R FUHDWH D UHVRXUFH IURP D GLDJUDP

1 2

Click the Resource tool. Click anywhere in the diagram. The following symbol appears at the click position:

Click the Pointer tool. RU Click the right mouse button. You release the Resource tool.

Double-click the resource symbol to display the resource property sheet.



&KDSWHU  %XLOGLQJ D %XVLQHVV 3URFHVV 0RGHO 5 Type a name and a code.

Click OK.

0RGLI\LQJ UHVRXUFH SURSHUWLHV

You can modify the resource properties using the following methods: From the resource property sheet From the list of resources

$ For more information on the different ways to modify the resource

properties, see section Modifying object properties in chapter Managing Objects in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH.

0RGLI\LQJ WKH UHVRXUFH GLVSOD\ SUHIHUHQFH

You can modify the following display preference for a resource using the ToolsDisplay Preferences command:
3UHIHUHQFH Show stereotype 'HVFULSWLRQ Displays the stereotype of the resource



'HILQLQJ UHVRXUFH IORZV

'HILQLQJ UHVRXUFH IORZV

A UHVRXUFH IORZ allows a process to access a resource. The resource flow link is represented as a dashed line with a direction (arrow):

Access modes

The access mode to a resource determines the resource flow direction. When the resource flow comes from the process, the access to a resource can be of the following types: Create, Update, or Delete. The following schema illustrates a resource flow coming from a process indicating that the process creates, updates or deletes data contained in the resource depending on the access modes selected:

When the resource flow comes from the resource, the access to a resource is always Read. The following schema illustrates a resource flow coming from a resource indicating that the data contained in the resource are read by the process:

If you select several access modes on a resource flow ; Read access together with one or several other access modes (Create, Update, Delete), the flow looks as follows:



&KDSWHU  %XLOGLQJ D %XVLQHVV 3URFHVV 0RGHO Two resource flows can be defined between the same process and resource (SDUDOOHO UHVRXUFH IORZV). Message format You can associate a message format to the resource flow in case of data exchange between a process and a resource, in order to define the type of the accessed data. With the Check Model feature you can verify the coherence between the message format defined in the resource flow and the message format accepted by the process.

$ For more information on message formats, see section Defining

message formats

$ For more information on the Check Model feature, see chapter Working
with Business Process Models.
'UDJJLQJ D UHVRXUFH IORZ WR D GLIIHUHQW REMHFW

You change the object at either end of a resource flow by clicking the resource flow to select it, holding the CTRL key down, and dragging one of the attach points to a different object. Constraints on resource flows The following constraints apply to resource flows: 5HIOH[LYH IORZV only exist on processes (same source and destination process) A resource flow cannot link shortcuts

5HVRXUFH IORZ SURSHUWLHV

You can double-click any resource flow symbol in a diagram to display its properties.
3URSHUW\ Name Code Comment 'HVFULSWLRQ Name of the resource flow Reference name of the resource flow Descriptive comment for the resource flow 0D[LPXP OHQJWK 254 254



'HILQLQJ UHVRXUFH IORZV

0D[LPXP OHQJWK 254

3URSHUW\ Process

'HVFULSWLRQ One extremity of the resource flow (process). You can click the Properties tool beside this box to display the process property sheet Other extremity of the resource flow (resource). You can click the Properties tool beside this box to display the resource property sheet Sub-classification derived from an existing resource flow Abstract definition of data exchanged between a resource and a process Way to access data. Defines the resource flow direction

Resource

254

Stereotype Message format Access mode

254 254

0HVVDJH IRUPDW RI D UHVRXUFH IORZ

You can choose one of the following values:
0HVVDJH IRUPDW None 'HVFULSWLRQ When selected, it indicates that you do not want any message format for your flow as the event is of minor importance When selected, it indicates that message formats will be defined later

Undefined

You can click the Create tool beside the Message Format dropdown listbox to create a message format for your flow.

$FFHVV PRGH
Access modes determine the direction of the resource flow. You can choose one of the following access modes to access data in a resource:
'LUHFWLRQ Resource to process Process to resource $FFHVV 0RGH Read Create, Update, Delete



&KDSWHU  %XLOGLQJ D %XVLQHVV 3URFHVV 0RGHO

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A condition is a parameter that applies to a resource flow. When there are several flows, each condition is evaluated in order to choose the one the resource flow will transit on. The Condition page defines the nature of the condition attached to a resource flow. The Condition page contains the following parameters:
3DUDPHWHU Alias 'HVFULSWLRQ Summarizes the condition attached to a resource flow. It is recommended to write an alias (short editor) when using a long condition in order to display the alias instead of the condition in the diagram Details the condition. For example, you can write information on the condition to execute, as well as open, insert and save any text files containing valuable information

Editor

Whatever the direction of the resource flow, the condition is displayed near the process symbol as shown below:

2SHQLQJ WKH &RQGLWLRQ SDJH

You can open the Condition page by right-clicking the resource flow symbol in the diagram, and selecting Condition from the contextual menu.

'DWD IORZ
A data defines the type of information exchanged between business processes and transported by a flow. The Data page allows you to select data that will be transported by the resource flow from a selection list. You can view in the diagram the list of data transported by a resource flow by selecting ToolsDisplay PreferencesResource Flow and select the Show Data List check box. The list of data appears on the flow in the diagram.

$ For more information on how to select data for a resource flow, see
section Selecting data for a flow or a message format.



'HILQLQJ UHVRXUFH IORZV

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There are several ways to create a resource flow: From a diagram From the Browser From the list of resource flows

At creation, a resource flow has a default name including a number, this number is assigned in the order of creation. When you create a resource flow from the Browser or from the list of resource flows, you must previously define a process object and a resource object for the resource flow.

$ For more information on the different ways to create a resource flow,

see section Creating an object in chapter Managing Objects in WKH *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH.

v 7R FUHDWH D UHVRXUFH IORZ IURP D GLDJUDP

1 2

Click the Flow/Resource Flow tool. Click inside the process and while continuing to hold down the mouse button, drag the cursor to the resource. Release the mouse button inside the resource. The access mode will is Update by default. RU Click inside the resource and while continuing to hold down the mouse button, drag the cursor to the process. Release the mouse button inside the process. The access mode is Read by default. The resource flow link appears between the process and the resource.

'UDJJLQJ D UHVRXUFH IORZ WR D GLIIHUHQW SURFHVV RU UHVRXUFH

You change the process or resource at either end of a resource flow by clicking the resource flow to select it, holding the CTRL key down, and dragging one of the attach points to a different process or resource. 3 Click the Pointer tool. RU Click the right mouse button.



&KDSWHU  %XLOGLQJ D %XVLQHVV 3URFHVV 0RGHO You release the Flow/Resource Flow tool. 4 Double-click the resource flow in the diagram to display its property sheet.
2SHQLQJ WKH SURSHUW\ VKHHW RI REMHFWV DW HQGV

You can open the property sheet of the process and resource objects by clicking the Process and Resource buttons located in the upper part of the resource flow property sheet. 5 Type or select resource flow properties as required in the tabbed pages.

Click OK.
'LVSOD\LQJ UHVRXUFH IORZV IURP WKH SURFHVV RU UHVRXUFH SURSHUW\ VKHHWV

Resource flows linked to a resource or a process are also displayed in the process or resource property sheet. You can display those resource flows from the Resource Flows tabbed page of their Dependencies page.



'HILQLQJ UHVRXUFH IORZV

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You can modify the resource flow properties using the following methods: From the resource flow property sheet From the list of resource flows

$ For more information on the different ways to modify the resource flow
properties, see section Modifying object properties in chapter Managing Objects in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH.

0RGLI\LQJ WKH UHVRXUFH IORZ GLVSOD\ SUHIHUHQFHV

You can modify the following display preferences for a resource flow the ToolsDisplay Preferences command:
3UHIHUHQFH Show stereotype Show message format symbol Show data list 'HVFULSWLRQ Displays the stereotype of the resource flow Displays the symbol of the message format for the resource flow Displays the list of data for the resource flow

The Show Message Format symbol and the Show Data List preferences are mutually exclusive.

$ For more information on message formats, see section Defining

message formats.

$ For more information on data, see section Defining data.



&KDSWHU  %XLOGLQJ D %XVLQHVV 3URFHVV 0RGHO

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A GHFLVLRQ specifies which alternate path has to be taken when several flow paths are possible. It must have RQH incoming flow and more than one outgoing flow, each labeled with a distinct guard condition. The global process of a decision is based on some defined editors that direct the control flow towards the valid flow by dynamically evaluating guard conditions. A JXDUG FRQGLWLRQ is a condition that must be satisfied for an associated flow to execute some action. Across all these flows, guard conditions should not overlap to avoid ambiguity but they should cover all possibilities to avoid global process freeze. Applicability A decision allows you to create complex flows like: Symbol if then else switch case do while loop for next

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It is not possible to attach two flows of opposite directions to the same corner on a decision symbol.

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If you are working with a decision, it is useful to write a condition on the decision in order to factorize the conditions attached to the flows, it allows you to simplify the global process whenever you are using long and complex conditions. Example



'HILQLQJ GHFLVLRQV LQ D %30 Use the Condition page in the decision property sheet to write the following condition: Total * NB + VAT > 10.000. Then use the Condition page in both flows property sheet: enter True in one and False in the other.

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You can double-click any decision symbol in a diagram to display its properties.
3URSHUW\ Name Code Comment Stereotype 'HVFULSWLRQ Name of the decision Reference name of the decision Descriptive comment for the decision Extends the semantics of a decision derived from existing decisions but specific to your needs 0D[LPXP OHQJWK 254 254 254

Stereotype

You can select a predefined stereotype from the dropdown listbox. You can also type stereotypes directly in the Stereotype column of the object property sheet or select a value from the dropdown listbox if you have previously defined stereotypes in an embedded or imported extended model definition (.XEM).

$ For more information on extended model definitions, see section

Working with extended model definitions in chapter Managing Objects in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH.

&RQGLWLRQ LQ D %30 GHFLVLRQ

A condition is a parameter that applies to a decision. It contains the following parameters:
3DUDPHWHU Alias 'HVFULSWLRQ Summarizes the condition attached to a decision. It is recommended to write an alias (short editor) when using a long condition in order to display the alias instead of the condition in the diagram Details the condition. For example, you can write information on the condition to execute, as well as open, insert and save any text files containing valuable information

Editor



&KDSWHU  %XLOGLQJ D %XVLQHVV 3URFHVV 0RGHO

2SHQLQJ WKH &RQGLWLRQ SDJH

You can open the Condition page by right-clicking the decision symbol in the diagram, and selecting Condition from the contextual menu.

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There are several ways to create a decision: From a diagram From the Browser From the list of decisions

At creation, a decision has a default name including a number, this number is assigned in the order of creation.

$ For more information on the different ways to create a decision, see

section Creating an object in chapter Managing Objects in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH.

v 7R FUHDWH D GHFLVLRQ IURP D GLDJUDP

1 2

Click the Decision tool. Click anywhere in the diagram. The following symbol appears at the click position:

Click the Pointer tool. RU Click the right mouse button. You release the Decision tool.

Double-click the decision symbol to display the decision property sheet.



'HILQLQJ GHFLVLRQV LQ D %30 5 Type a name and a code.

Click OK.

0RGLI\LQJ GHFLVLRQ SURSHUWLHV LQ D %30

You can modify the decision properties using the following methods: From the decision property sheet From the list of decisions

0RGLI\LQJ WKH GHFLVLRQ GLVSOD\ SUHIHUHQFH LQ D %30

You can modify the following display preference of a decision using the ToolsDisplay Preferences command:
3UHIHUHQFH Show stereotype 'HVFULSWLRQ Displays the stereotype of the decision



&KDSWHU  %XLOGLQJ D %XVLQHVV 3URFHVV 0RGHO

'HILQLQJ V\QFKURQL]DWLRQV LQ D %30

A V\QFKURQL]DWLRQ is used to define a synchronization point between parallel executions: several input flows, one or several output flows waiting for the end of all input executions.

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You can double-click any synchronization symbol in a diagram to display its properties.
3URSHUW\ Name Code Comment Stereotype 'HVFULSWLRQ Name of the synchronization Reference name of the synchronization Descriptive comment for the synchronization Sub-classification derived from an existing synchronization 0D[LPXP OHQJWK 254 254 254

Action

An action is a parameter that applies to a synchronization. The Action page defines the nature, the type and the duration of an action that a synchronization executes. It contains the following parameters:
3DUDPHWHU Editor 'HVFULSWLRQ Details how the action is executed. Example: you can write a pseudo code or an information on the program to execute, as well as open, insert and save any text files containing valuable information If the value is not set to zero, it means that a timeout exception occurs if the execution of the activation takes more than the specified timeout limit. You can type any alphanumeric value in the Timeout box (Example: 20 seconds)

Timeout



'HILQLQJ V\QFKURQL]DWLRQV LQ D %30

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There are several ways to create a synchronization: From a diagram From the Browser From the list of synchronizations

At creation, a synchronization has a default name including a number, this number is assigned in the order of creation.

$ For more information on the different ways to create a synchronization,

see section Creating an object in chapter Managing Objects in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH.

v 7R FUHDWH D V\QFKURQL]DWLRQ IURP D GLDJUDP

1 2

Click the Synchronization tool. Click anywhere in the diagram. The following symbol appears at the click position:

Click the Pointer tool. RU Click the right mouse button. You release the Synchronization tool.

Double-click the synchronization symbol to display the synchronization property sheet.



&KDSWHU  %XLOGLQJ D %XVLQHVV 3URFHVV 0RGHO 5 Type a name and a code.

Click OK.

0RGLI\LQJ V\QFKURQL]DWLRQ SURSHUWLHV LQ D %30

You can modify the synchronization properties using the following methods: From the synchronization property sheet From the list of synchronizations

$ For more information on the different ways to modify the

synchronization properties, see section Modifying object properties in chapter Managing Objects in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH.

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The synchronization symbol is by default created horizontally with a downward curve. However, you can change the symbol from an horizontal to a vertical position, and conversely. You can also change the curve position from left to right or from downwards to upwards depending on the synchronization symbol position.



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Right-click the synchronization symbol you want to modify. Select Change to Vertical from the contextual menu.

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v 7R GUDZ DQ KRUL]RQWDO V\QFKURQL]DWLRQ V\PERO

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Right-click the synchronization symbol you want to modify. Select Change to Horizontal from the contextual menu.

0RGLI\LQJ WKH FXUYH SRVLWLRQ RI D V\QFKURQL]DWLRQ V\PERO

v 7R PRGLI\ WKH FXUYH SRVLWLRQ RI D V\QFKURQL]DWLRQ V\PERO

1 2

Right-click the synchronization symbol you want to modify. Select Display Inverse from the contextual menu.



&KDSWHU  %XLOGLQJ D %XVLQHVV 3URFHVV 0RGHO

'HILQLQJ HQGV LQ D %30

An HQG is a termination point of the processes described in the business process diagram. It represents an interface with the outside world. You can create several ends within a package or a model since you may use several business process diagrams in the same model or package. You can also create several ends within the same business process diagram if you want to show divergent end cases, like errors scenarios, for example:

There can also be no end at all if you want to show an endless process. But a composite process must always contain one end at least. Besides you cannot create shortcuts for an end.

(QG SURSHUWLHV LQ D %30

You can double-click any end symbol in a diagram to display its properties. An end includes the following properties:
3URSHUW\ Name Code Comment Stereotype Type 'HVFULSWLRQ Name of the end Reference name of the end Descriptive comment for the end Sub-classification derived from an existing end Type of the end 0D[LPXP OHQJWK 254 254 254 254



'HILQLQJ HQGV LQ D %30

Type

Type property is used for document purposes. You can create your own type of end in the Type dropdown listbox, or you can choose one of the following values: Success Timeout Business error Technical error

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There are several ways to create an end: From a diagram From the Browser From the list of ends

At creation, an end has a default name including a number, this number is assigned in the order of creation.

$ For more information on the different ways to create an end, see section
Creating an object in chapter Managing Objects in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH.

v 7R FUHDWH DQ HQG IURP D GLDJUDP

1 2

Click the End tool. Click anywhere in the diagram. The following symbol appears at the click position:

Click the Pointer tool. RU Click the right mouse button. You release the End tool.

Double-click the end symbol to display the end property sheet.



&KDSWHU  %XLOGLQJ D %XVLQHVV 3URFHVV 0RGHO 5 Type a name and a code.

Click OK.

0RGLI\LQJ HQG SURSHUWLHV LQ D %30

You can modify the end properties using the following methods: From the end property sheet From the list of ends

$ For more information on the different ways to modify the end

properties, see section Modifying object properties in chapter Managing Objects in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH.

0RGLI\LQJ WKH HQG GLVSOD\ SUHIHUHQFHV LQ D %30

You can modify the following display preferences for an end using the ToolsDisplay Preferences command:
3UHIHUHQFH Show name Show stereotype 'HVFULSWLRQ Displays the name of the end Displays the stereotype of the end



'HILQLQJ HQGV LQ D %30 When you define display preferences for a end, you automatically define them for a start also.

$ For more information on defining display preferences for a start, see

section Modifying the start display preferences in a BPM.



C H A P I T R E

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About this chapter Contents

This chapter describes a CRUD matrix and how to use it.

7RSLF Defining the CRUD matrix Displaying a CRUD matrix Manipulating the CRUD matrix 3DJH 100 101 103



'HILQLQJ WKH &58' PDWUL[

'HILQLQJ WKH &58' PDWUL[

A &58' PDWUL[ &UHDWH 5HDG 8SGDWH 'HOHWH is a table that shows the links between processes and resources. When a link exists, it shows whether the process performs a Create, Read, Update, or Delete operation on the resource. The process/resource CRUD matrix is available from the CRUD matrix command in the Tools menu. It shows the links between a process and a resource using resource flows, and the type of operation the process performs on the resource. When to use a CRUD matrix ? CRUD matrix structure You can use a CRUD matrix in the BPM to observe how a process handles resources, and what type of action it performs on it. This can help you perform a reality check on the model. A CRUD matrix is made up of headers and cells. The KHDGHU appears along the top and down the left side of the CRUD matrix, and contains the names or codes (depending on the model options you have defined) of the processes and resources displayed in the CRUD matrix.

$ For more information on model options, see section Defining

name/code format in chapter Managing Models in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH. Processes display in rows and resources display in columns. The FHOOV are the boxes inside the CRUD matrix that contain the CRUD values (Create, Read, Update, Delete). The cell is empty when there is no link between objects. In a CRUD matrix, CRUD values come from the Access Mode defined in the resource flow property sheet, which determines its direction.

$ For more information on CRUD values, see section Modifying CRUD

values.

$ For more information on the Access Mode of a resource flow, see

section Defining resource flows in chapter Building a Business Process Model.



&KDSLWUH 

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You can display a CRUD matrix from the model or from a package. The CRUD matrix shows the links between all processes and resources of the current package, in alphabetical order. You can nevertheless show the links between objects located in other packages by clicking the Include SubPackages tool in the Add Objects dialog box. You can also hide rows and columns that correspond to objects that are not linked.

$ For more information on how to show the links between objects located
in other packages, see section Adding and removing objects from the CRUD matrix.

$ For more information on how to hide rows and columns in a CRUD

matrix, see section Hiding empty rows and columns. What you need To display a CRUD matrix, the current package or sub-package must contain at least a process and a resource, otherwise the CRUD matrix is grayed out. To display CRUD values in the matrix, you must have previously selected data for resource flows from the Data page of their respective property sheet.

$ For more information on how to select data for a resource flow, see
section Selecting data for a flow or a message format in chapter Building a Business Process Model.



'LVSOD\LQJ D &58' PDWUL[

v 7R GLVSOD\ D &58' PDWUL[

Select ToolsCRUD matrix. The CRUD matrix appears. It shows the links that exist between processes and resources and allows you to modify CRUD values. Empty cells correspond to objects that are not linked with each other. Thus, the corresponding check boxes are grayed in the Current Cell Value groupbox in the lower part of the CRUD Matrix dialog box.

$ For more information on how to modify CRUD values, see section

Modifying CRUD values.
0RYLQJ IURP FHOO WR FHOO

You can move from a resource flow to another using the Arrow keys.



&KDSLWUH 

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You can perform the following actions from the CRUD matrix toolbar:
7RRO $FWLRQ Properties 'HVFULSWLRQ Open the property sheet of the object selected in the CRUD matrix: Process property sheet, if you select a row header, flow property sheet, if you select a column header, or resource flow property sheet, if you select a cell Copy a CRUD matrix to paste it into another application like Excel Find in the diagram the symbol of the object selected in the CRUD matrix: Process property sheet, if you select a row header, flow property sheet, if you select a column header, or resource flow property sheet, if you select a cell Add objects located in other packages to let you change the list of rows and columns in the CRUD matrix Hide or Show empty rows and columns

Copy

Find Symbol in Diagram

Add Objects

Hide Empty Row/Column

In addition, you can modify existing CRUD values in the CRUD matrix.

$ For more information on how to find an object symbol in the diagram,

see section Finding an object symbol in the diagram in chapter Managing models in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH.

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You can consult process, resource and resource flow properties from the CRUD matrix.
v 7R FRQVXOW WKH SURSHUWLHV RI DQ REMHFW IURP WKH &58' PDWUL[

Open a CRUD matrix.



0DQLSXODWLQJ WKH &58' PDWUL[ 2 Click a process, a resource, or a resource flow in the matrix and click the Properties tool in the toolbar. RU (Resource and process only) Double-click a process or a resource in the matrix. The object property sheet appears.

2 3 Resource flow properties

Navigate through the different object properties. Click Close.

When you click a cell that has several associated resource flows, the Select Resource Flow dialog box opens to let you choose the resource flow, whose properties you want to consult.



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In a CRUD matrix, information displays in table format. You can copy the information in Excel in CSV (Comma Separated Value) format and in Word in text format. The textual information is separated by tabs that let you quickly convert it into a table.
v 7R SDVWH D &58' PDWUL[ LQWR DQRWKHU DSSOLFDWLRQ

1 2

Open a CRUD matrix. Click the Copy tool in the toolbar. The CRUD matrix is placed in the Clipboard.

Open the desired application and paste the CRUD matrix.

)LQGLQJ REMHFW V\PERO LQ WKH GLDJUDP IURP WKH &58' PDWUL[

You can find in the diagram the symbol of a process, a resource and a resource flow from the CRUD matrix.
v 7R ILQG DQ REMHFW V\PERO LQ WKH GLDJUDP IURP WKH &58' PDWUL[

1 2

Open a CRUD matrix. Click a process, a resource, or a resource flow in the matrix and click the Find Symbol in Diagram tool in the toolbar. The object symbol is selected and centered in the diagram. You have to move the CRUD matrix dialog box to view the symbol.



0DQLSXODWLQJ WKH &58' PDWUL[

Resource flow properties

When you click a cell that has several associated resource flows, the Select Resource Flow dialog box opens to let you choose the resource flow, whose symbol you want to find in the diagram.

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You can choose the objects you want to display in the CRUD matrix by adding and removing processes and resources.
v 7R DGG RU UHPRYH REMHFWV IURP WKH &58' PDWUL[

1 2

Open a CRUD matrix. Click the Add Objects tool in the toolbar.



&KDSLWUH 

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The Add Objects dialog box appears. It displays the list of all the processes and resources in the current package in tabbed pages. You can click the Include Sub-packages tool to displays objects contained in other packages.

3 4 5

Select a package. Click a tab in the lower part of the dialog box. Select or deselect objects you want to add or remove from the CRUD matrix and click OK.
$GG $OO DQG 'HVHOHFW $OO WRROV

You can click the Add All or Deselect All tools to select or deselect all objects at once. The CRUD matrix is automatically updated according to the selections you have made.

+LGLQJ HPSW\ URZV DQG FROXPQV

Empty rows and columns in a CRUD matrix indicate the following:
(PSW\ Row Column :KHQ A resource is used by no process A process does not use any resource

You can hide all empty rows and columns in the CRUD matrix at once. 

0DQLSXODWLQJ WKH &58' PDWUL[ Hiding of empty rows and columns only applies to the current session.
v 7R KLGH DOO HPSW\ URZV DQG FROXPQV

1 2

Open a CRUD matrix. Click the Hide Empty Row/Column tool in the toolbar. All empty rows and columns are hidden.

Click Close.

0RGLI\LQJ &58' YDOXHV

You can modify the CRUD values of a CRUD matrix. The link between a process and a resource in a CRUD matrix is established by a resource flow. When you modify CRUD values in a CRUD matrix, you modify the CRUD values of the resource flow between the process and the resource. CRUD values are displayed in the cells of the matrix, but are only modifiable from the Current Cell Value groupbox located in the lower part of the CRUD Matrix dialog box. You cannot multi-select cells to modify their CRUD values. The following CRUD values are available in a CRUD matrix: Create Read Update Delete

v 7R PRGLI\ &58' YDOXHV

1 2

Open a CRUD matrix. Click the cell that corresponds to the resource flow whose CRUD values you want to modify. The corresponding CRUD values in the Current Cell Value groupbox appear.

Select or deselect check boxes according to your needs. The CRUD values automatically reflect the changes in the corresponding cell in the matrix.



&KDSLWUH  4 Click OK to close the matrix.

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Changes automatically appear graphically in the diagram when required and in the Access Mode groupbox of the resource flow property sheet.



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C H A P T E R

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About this chapter

This chapter describes how to check the validity of a Business Process Model (BPM), and how to merge and compare Business Process Models. The Check Model feature verifies the validity of BPM objects within a model at any time. The Merge Model feature allows you to unify models, it combines two different models into a single one. It also describes how to open a ProcessAnalyst Model (PAM) into a BPM.

Contents

7RSLF Checking a BPM BPM object parameters verified by Check Model Comparing and merging BPM models Opening ProcessAnalyst models

3DJH 112 119 128 129



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The Business Process Model is a very flexible tool. It should allow you to build your model without any controls or constraints on data exchange and coherence of the system. However, you can use the Check Model feature at any time to control the coherence and correctness of the model you are building. You can: Define check options, such as level of problem severity and automatic correction Select objects to be verified Check a global BPM Reuse check options previously defined Make corrections based on BPM check results

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When you check a BPM, if a parameter is found to be invalid, it will be displayed as an error or a warning in the Check Model window. You can define levels of severity for problems that Check Model finds and you can have certain problems automatically corrected.

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You can identify the level of problem severity with the following tool:
7RRO ,QGLFDWHV Error Warning 'HVFULSWLRQ Major problem that produces an invalid BPM Minor problem or recommendation

To display the severity level options, select ToolsCheck Model, then expand the nodes of the tree view in the options tab.



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These messages represent two different levels of problem severity. You can modify the level of problem severity for each object parameter verified by the Check model. This severity level can depend on the degree of normalization you want to achieve in your model.

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You can specify if you want PowerDesigner to automatically correct an error using the Automatic Correction feature.
7RRO ,QGLFDWHV Automatic correction 'HVFULSWLRQ PowerDesigner will correct the problem automatically

However, before using automatic correction, make sure you understand how it will affect your model. Automatic correction is not available for all object parameters. Problems that cannot be corrected automatically must be corrected manually.

$ For more information on objects available for automatic correction, see

section BPM object parameters verified by Check Model.

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You select objects to be checked from the Selection page of the Check Model Parameters dialog box (ToolsCheck Model). You can list all objects, including composite objects created in the current model, current package, or sub-packages by selecting the Include SubObjects tool. You have the following selection options:
3DUHQW REMHFW Model ,QFOXGH 6XE2EMHFWV VHOHFWHG All objects (composite or not) created in model including those in packages and sub-packages All objects (composite or not) created in package including those in sub-packages ,QFOXGH 6XE2EMHFWV QRW VHOHFWHG All objects (composite or not) created in model except those in packages and sub-packages All objects (composite or not) created in package except those in sub-packages

Package



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If you graphically select objects in your diagram before starting the Check Model, they can be automatically selected for verification by the Check Model by clicking the Use Graphical Selection tool in the Selection page toolbar.

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You can check the validity of a BPM at any time.
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Select ToolsCheck Model. RU Right-click the diagram background and select Check Model from the contextual menu. The Check Model Parameters dialog box opens to the Options page.

Expand an object parameter node. The object parameters verified by the Check Model are displayed with the symbols indicating a degree of problem severity.

If you want to change a degree of problem severity, select the object parameter and then select either the Error or Warning tool. The symbol changes to the appropriate severity level.



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If you want PowerDesigner to automatically correct a problem, select the object parameter and then select the Automatic Correction tool. The Automatic Correction symbol appears superimposed on the Error or Warning symbol for that object parameter.

5 6 7

Click the Selection tab to display the Selection page. Select a model from the dropdown listbox at the top of the dialog box. Click an object tab at the bottom of the Selection page. The corresponding object page displays all the objects in the current BPM.

8 9

Select check boxes only for objects you want to be checked. Clear check boxes for objects that you do not want to be checked.
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You can select all object check boxes by clicking the Select All tool. You can clear all object check boxes by clicking the Deselect All tool. 10 Click OK.



&KHFNLQJ D %30 The Check Model Result List displays errors and warnings based on the check options you have defined.

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When you right-click an object parameter in the Result List, a contextual menu appears listing correction options. Among these, you can also select options to clear, dock or hide the result window.

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If you click the Apply button in the Check Model Parameters dialog box, all error and warning selections are stored in memory.
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Select ToolsCheck Model. The Check Model Parameters dialog box opens to the Options page. The object parameters are displayed with the Error or Warning icons selected in the last check.

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You use the Check Model feature to locate and correct problems in the BPM.



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Using the Check toolbar generally located in the upper part of the PowerDesigner main window, you have access to the following correction options when you select an error in the Result List:
6\PERO 2SWLRQ Correct error Display details Recheck model Automatic correction 'HVFULSWLRQ Displays property sheet of the problem object Displays description of the error and suggestion for correction Checks selected object parameter, normally after a correction has been done PowerDesigner automatically corrects non-unique names and codes

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If the Check toolbar is not displayed, select ToolsCustomize Toolbars and select the Check check box. Navigating in the error list The Check toolbar contains navigation tools to move to the first, previous, next, or last error listed. You can also navigate in the Result list by rightclicking an object parameter and selecting Go To First error, Previous error, Next error, or Last error from the contextual menu.
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When you right click an object parameter, a menu appears listing the correction options Manual Correction, Help, Recheck, and Automatic Correction. You can also select options to clear, dock and hide the result window.

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Some errors cannot be corrected automatically, they have to be corrected manually.
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1 2 3

Select an object parameter from the Result List. Right-click the object parameter and select Correct from the contextual menu to display the object property sheet. Select the appropriate tab and make the necessary correction. 

&KHFNLQJ D %30 4 5 Close the property sheet. Right-click the object parameter and select Recheck from the contextual menu. Verify that the problem has been corrected by running Check Model again.

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PowerDesigner can perform automatic corrections on non-unique names and codes.
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1 2 3

Select an object parameter from the Result List. Right-click the object parameter and select Automatic Correction from the contextual menu. Right-click the object parameter and select Re-check from the contextual menu. Verify that the problem has been corrected by running Check Model again.



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The Check Model verifies the validity of the BPM objects. When errors are encountered during a check model, corrections can be made manually or automatically. Manual corrections depend on how you are using your model.
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When you right click a BPM object control in the Check Model Parameters page, a menu appears listing several options. The Help command opens a contextual help page explaining the checks performed for the selected object type.

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During a replication check, the following object controls are made.

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A replica object is partially synchronized with its replicated object.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Modify the list of replicated attributes from the replication property sheet $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ Enforces the replication of desynchronized attributes of the replica object in the replication property sheet

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During a package check, the following object controls are made.

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Several data should not be linked to the same definition object within the same namespace.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Link the data to different definition object from the data property sheet $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ



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During a process check, the following object controls are made.

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Process names and codes must be unique in the namespace.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Modify the duplicate process name/code $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ Modifies the process name or code of a selected object by appending a number to its current name or code

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Each process must have at least one input flow and at least one output flow.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Add any missing flows to the process $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ

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A composite process must contain at least one start and at least one end.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Add a start and an end in the subprocess diagram $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ

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A process cannot be implemented by an implemented process.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Select a process which is not an implemented process $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ



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Several data should not be linked to the same definition object within the same namespace, as data can be created in a composite process.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Link the data to different definition object from the data property sheet $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ

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During a decision check, the following object controls are made.

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Decision names and codes must be unique in the namespace.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Modify the duplicate decision name/code $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ Modifies the decision name or code by appending a number to its current name or code

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A decision must have only one input flow and more than one output flow.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Add any missing flows to the decision $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ

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During a synchronization check, the following object controls are made.



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Synchronization names and codes must be unique in the namespace.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Modify the duplicate synchronization name/code $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ Modifies the synchronization name or code by appending a number to its current name or code

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A synchronization must have at least two input flows and one output flow.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Add any missing flows to the synchronization $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ

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During a flow check, the following object controls are made.

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A flow must have a source and a destination object.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Assign a source or a destination to the flow $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ

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A flow should have a defined message format or the message format set to <None>.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Define the message format for the flow or delete it $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ



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The message format of a flow coming out of a composite process (child process) must also exist on the flow going to the end inside the child process. The message format of a flow coming in a composite process must also exist on the flow going out from the start inside the child process.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Add any missing message formats to the appropriate flows of the decomposed processes $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ

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During a file check, the following object controls are made.

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Embedded file object names must be unique in the model.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Modify the duplicate file object name $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ Modifies the file object name by appending a number to its current name

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External file objects should have a valid path location.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Define a valid path location $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ

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During a resource check, the following object controls are made.



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Resource names and codes must be unique in the model.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Modify the duplicate resource name/code $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ Modifies the resource name or code by appending a number to its current name or code

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A resource must be linked to at least one process.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Link the resource to a process $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ

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During a resource flow check, the following object controls are made.

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Resource flow names and codes must be unique in the namespace.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Modify the duplicate resource flow name/code $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ Modifies the resource flow name or code by appending a number to its current name or code

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A resource flow must always link a process to a resource or a resource to a process.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Assign a process and a resource to the resource flow extremities $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ



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A resource flow must have a defined access mode (Read, Create, Update or Delete).
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Assign an access mode to the resource flow $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ

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During an organization unit check, the following object controls are made.

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Organization unit names and codes must be unique in the model.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Modify the duplicate organization unit name/code $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ Modifies the organization unit name or code by appending a number to its current name or code

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An organization unit cannot be the parent of itself or cannot have for parent one of its children.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Change the organization unit in the Parent box in the organization unit property sheet $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ

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During a start check, the following object controls are made.



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Start names and codes must be unique in the namespace.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Modify the duplicate start name/code $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ Modifies the start name or code by appending a number to its current name or code

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Each start object must have at least one output flow.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Create a flow from the start $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ

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During an end check, the following object controls are made.

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End names and codes must be unique in the namespace.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Modify the duplicate end name/code $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ Modifies the end name or code by appending a number to its current name or code

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Each end object must have at least one input flow.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Create a flow to the end $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ



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During a message format check, the following object controls are made.

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Message format names and codes must be unique in the model.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Modify the duplicate message format name/code $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ Modifies the message format name or code by appending a number to its current name or code

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Message format definitions must be unique in the model.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Delete the duplicate message format definition $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ

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During a data check, the following object controls are made.

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Data names and codes must be unique in the namespace.
0DQXDO FRUUHFWLRQ Modify the duplicate data name/code $XWRPDWLF FRUUHFWLRQ Modifies the data name or code of a selected object by appending a number to its current name or code



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You can compare and merge two Business Process Models. The comparison process allows you to highlight the differences between two BPM. The merge process allows you to form a single model that combines design efforts performed independently by several team members. Merge is performed from left to right, the model in the right pane is compared to the model in the left pane, differences are highlighted and merge actions are proposed in the model to be merged.

$ For more information on comparing and merging models, see chapter

Comparing and Merging Models in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH.
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When you use the Merge Models feature to merge business process diagrams, the symbols of all elements in swimlanes are merged without comparison. You can either accept all modifications on all symbols or no modification at all.



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The PowerDesigner V6 ProcessAnalyst Model allows you to design data flow diagrams. You can recover V6 ProcessAnalyst Model information into a Business Process Model by opening a PAM into a BPM. You will then retrieve PAM objects into your BPM as a new BPM is created for the PAM model, and the objects of the PAM model are translated into BPM objects. You can still open a PAM into a CDM (Conceptual Data Model), knowing that the PAM objects recovery is restricted to data items and domains. When opening a PAM, you are asked to choose between opening into a BPM, or opening into a CDM.

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The open process converts PAM objects into BPM objects as follows:
2EMHFWV LQ D 3$0 Process Split/Merge External entity Off page connector Data flow Data store Data item on Data flow Domain Business rule ,PSRUWHG REMHFW LQ D %30 Process Process or synchronization Start & End Start & End Flow or Resource flow Resource Data (elementary) Business rule

Split/Merge

A split is imported as a synchronization and the following message appears in the Action page of the synchronization property sheet after the import: "This process splits data". A merge is imported as a process and the following message appears in the Action page of the process property sheet after the import: "This process merges data".

External entity

An external entity with outgoing data flows is imported as a start. 

2SHQLQJ 3URFHVV$QDO\VW PRGHOV An external entity with incoming data flows is imported as an end. An external entity with both outgoing and incoming data flows is imported as a start and an end. Outgoing data flows are associated to the start and incoming data flows to the end. Off page connector An Off page connector with outgoing data flows is imported as a start. An Off page connector with incoming data flows is imported as an end. Data flow A data flow between a data store and a process is imported as a resource flow. Any other data flow is imported as a flow. A data flow with a double direction is imported as two distinct flows, except for the resource flow. The data flow type is imported as a flow type property for process flows and is lost for resource flows. Data store The Number property is not imported and the Is Entity property is imported as an <Entity> stereotype on the resource. The list of data items is imported as a unique concatenated string in the Comment box of the resource property sheet. Data item on data flow Data items are imported as elementary data. Attachment of a data item to a flow must be preserved by attaching the corresponding data to the imported flow. Check parameters are not imported. Domain Business rule Domains are not imported. Business rules are imported. Attachment of a business rule to a domain or a data item is not imported.

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1 2 3

Select FileOpen to display the Open file dialog box. Select or browse to the directory that contains the .PAM file. Select ProcessAnalyst Model (*.pam) file from the Files of Type dropdown listbox to display only PAM files. The available PAM files are listed.



&KDSWHU  4 5 Select a file. Click Open.

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The Formats for ProcessAnalyst Model window appears.

Select PowerDesigner Business Process Model and click OK. The Output window displays a message following the successful import and the default diagram of the model appears. Each imported object type can be viewed from its respective list.



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C H A P T E R

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About this chapter Contents

This chapter describes how to generate a BPM from a Business Process Model.
7RSLF Generation basics Generating a Business Process Model from a Business Process Model 3DJH 134 137



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When you generate from an Business Process Model you can generate a BPM. You can generate a model from a global BPM or from a package within the model. Limiting model generation to a single package is useful when different designers own packages of the same BPM. Designers can generate their packages independently from others. Generating a package results in an independent model. You can generate from a BPM in two ways:
*HQHUDWH New model Updated model 'HVFULSWLRQ Creates a new model containing the objects translated from the BPM Creates a default model with the objects translated from the BPM that is merged with an existing model. You can update, delete, or add objects in the existing model (model to be merged in the right pane) based on modifications made in the default model (in the left pane)

$ For more information on merging two models, see chapter Comparing

and Merging Models in the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH.

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An external shortcut depends on a target object in a different model. External shortcuts allow you to share objects between different models. When you generate models into other models, you can preserve the link between an external shortcut and its target model through generation. You can use the Target Models tab to select generated models to retrieve the corresponding target objects of external shortcuts. External shortcuts can then be correctly linked to target objects in the correct target model. The Target Models page displays the following columns:
&ROXPQ 'HVFULSWLRQ Original target model of the shortcut (not editable) Lets you select the model that will be used as the target for the generated shortcut

Target Models Generated Models



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The model generation process allows you to define the target object of a shortcut in a generated model.

For example, here is the proper sequence of events for external shortcuts generation: Model 1 is the target model of a shortcut in Model 2 Model 1 is generated to Model 1.1 Model 2 is prepared for generation to Model 2.2 by associating appropriate parameters in the Target Models page:
,I 0RGHO  LV VWLOO RSHQHG LQ WKH ZRUNVSDFH The Target Model column displays the original target model (Model 1), and its path. The Generated Models column displays the last generated model the first time you generate Model 1; the next time you generate Model 1, the Generated Models column displays the last model selected. You can click the arrow in the Generated Models column to modify the model selection in order to allow the creation of a correctly linked shortcut. ,I 0RGHO  LV FORVHG LQ WKH ZRUNVSDFH The Target Model column displays the original target model (Model 1), and its path. The Generated Models column displays <none>. When you click into the Generated Models column, the original target model Model 1 is automatically opened in the workspace in order to find the models generated from Model 1. You can use the arrow to select Model 1.1, the new target that will allow the creation of a correctly linked shortcut in Model 2.2.

The external shortcut in Model 2.2 is correctly generated with a link to its target object in Model 1.1.

$ For more information on shortcuts, see chapter Managing Shortcuts in

the *HQHUDO )HDWXUHV *XLGH.



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You select objects for model generation from the Selection page. Listing objects contained in a model or package You can display in the list, objects in the current model, or objects in individual packages contained in the model. If you select the Include SubObjects tool, you can display either all objects in the current model, or all objects in a package. You have the following selection options:
3DUHQW REMHFW Model ,QFOXGH 6XE2EMHFWV VHOHFWHG All objects in the model including all objects in packages and subobjects All objects in the package including all sub-objects ,QFOXGH 6XE2EMHFWV QRW VHOHFWHG All objects in the model except objects in packages and subsub-objects All objects in the package except sub-objects

Package

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Objects selected in the model can be automatically selected for generation by clicking the Use Graphical Selection tool in the Selection page toolbar.



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This section explains how to generate a Business Process Model from a Business Process Model.

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To generate a BPM, you must choose between one of the following methods: Generate new Business Process Model Generate new Business Process Model Update existing Business Process Model

You must indicate the following parameters when you generate a new BPM:
3DUDPHWHU Name Code Configure Model Options 'HVFULSWLRQ File name for the resulting BPM Reference code for the resulting BPM Lets you define the model options for the new BPM

$ For more information on model options when generating a BPM from a

BPM, see section Defining BPM options in chapter Business Process Model Basics. Update existing Business Process Model You can generate a BPM into an existing BPM. If you choose to update an existing BPM when the current BPM has never been generated, the Select Model dropdown listbox is empty by default. You have to click the Ellipsis button to display a Select Model dialog box in which you can select a model. The Workspace Location and Physical Path columns provide more information about the model location in the workspace and the file path to help you choose the BPM. You can also use the tooltip in the dropdown listbox to verify the location and path of the model.



*HQHUDWLQJ D %XVLQHVV 3URFHVV 0RGHO IURP D %XVLQHVV 3URFHVV 0RGHO To update an existing BPM, you must indicate the following parameters:
3DUDPHWHU Select Model 'HVFULSWLRQ Existing BPM. The BPM is generated into a BPM. This BPM is merged with the existing BPM to create an updated BPM. The dropdown listbox displays already generated models. The Ellipsis button lets you select models opened in the workspace Allows a comparison and merge of the newly generated BPM (default BPM) with the currently selected BPM

Preserve Modifications

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If the Preserve Modifications check box is not selected, PowerDesigner automatically replaces the existing BPM with the newly generated BPM. If you want to choose which objects to add or delete from the existing BPM, you must select the Preserve Modifications check box to compare and merge the two BPM.

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You can set the following general generation options from the Detail page:
2SWLRQ Check Model Save Generation Dependencies 'HVFULSWLRQ When selected, verifies the model before generating the BPM, and stops generation if an error is found When selected, PowerDesigner keeps track of the identity of each generated object. It is useful when merging two BPM which have been generated from the same BPM. Objects can be compared and recognized as the same object, even if the object has been modified in the merged BPM

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If you select the Check Model option, the procedure to generate a BPM starts by checking the validity of the BPM . A BPM results when no errors are found. You can set check options by selecting ToolsCheck Model.



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You can generate a BPM from a BPM or from a package in a BPM. PowerDesigner creates a new BPM containing all the objects that you selected to generate in the BPM. The newly created BPM appears in the browser and the corresponding diagram opens in the work area. You can only generate a BPM from the active BPM diagram.
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1 2 3

Select ToolsGenerate Business Process Model to display the Generate Business Process Model dialog box. Select the Generate New Business Process Model radio button. Type a new name and code, otherwise the BPM will have the same name and code as the source BPM.

4 5 6 7 8

<optional> Click the Configure Model Options button to define the options of the generated PDM. Click the Detail tab to define options and generation parameters. Click the Target Models tab to select the target models of shortcuts in the current model. Click the Selection tab to display the Selection page. Select the name of a BPM from the Select Location dropdown listbox.



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To generate a BPM from a package, select the package name from the dropdown listbox in the upper left corner of the dialog box. To generate a BPM from a sub-package, select a sub-package from the dropdown listbox in the upper left corner of the dialog box, or select a package name and click the Include Sub-Packages tool next to this dropdown listbox. 9 Select the check boxes for the objects you want to generate, and clear the check boxes for the objects you do not want to generate.

10 Click OK. The Output window shows the progress of the generation process. The diagram of the new BPM appears in the work area.

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There are two ways to update an existing BPM depending on whether the Preserve Modifications option is selected or not:
3UHVHUYH 0RGLILFDWLRQV Selected Not selected 5HVXOW You can manually compare and merge an existing BPM (right pane) with the newly generated BPM (left pane) The existing BPM is automatically replaced by the newly generated BPM

You can only generate a BPM from the active BPM diagram window.
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Select ToolsGenerate Business Process Model to display the Generate Business Process Model dialog box. Select the Update Existing Business Process Model radio button.



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Select a model from the Select Model dropdown listbox if the current model has already been generated. RU Click the Ellipsis button beside the Select Model dropdown listbox and select an existing model in the Select a Model dialog box.

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If you want to preserve objects in the BPM, then the Preserve Modification check box must be selected. If you clear this check box, all existing objects in the BPM will be removed from the model, leaving only the objects generated from the BPM. 4 5 6 7 Click the Detail tab to define options and generation parameters. Click the Target Models tab to select the target models of shortcuts in the current model. Click the Selection tab to display the Selection page. Select the name of a BPM from the Select Location dropdown listbox. The default BPM is generated from this BPM.



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To generate a BPM from a package, select the package name from the dropdown listbox in the upper left corner of the dialog box. To generate a BPM from a sub-package, select a sub-package from the dropdown listbox in the upper left corner of the dialog box, or select a package name and click the Include Sub-Packages tool next to this dropdown listbox. 8 9 Select the check boxes for the objects you want to generate, and clear the check boxes for the objects you do not want to generate. Click OK. If you selected the Preserve Modifications check box, the Merge Models window appears. If you cleared the Preserve Modifications check box, the updated BPM diagram appears in the work area.
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The Merge Models dialog box shows the newly generated BPM in the left pane, and the existing BPM in the right pane. You can select or clear object check boxes in the right pane for BPM objects that you want to include or delete in the model to be merged.

$ For more information on merging models, see chapter Comparing

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action BPM (Business Process Model)

Defines the nature, the type and the duration of an action that a process executes Conceptual model which provides a close description of the business logic and rules from a business partners point of view using a diagram that shows interactions between processes, flows, messages and collaboration protocols from one or several start points to several potential end points Activity that a business can engage in and for which it would generally want one or more partners Written statement specifying what the information system must do or how it must be structured to support business needs. It guides and documents the creation of a model (example: a government-imposed law) Child process used to describe the actions of the parent process A condition that must be satisfied for an associated flow to execute some action Table that shows the links between processes and resources. When a link exists, it shows whether the process performs a Create, Read, Update, or Delete operation on the resource Defines the type of information exchanged between business processes Specifies which alternate path has to be taken when several flow paths are possible Semantic relationship between two modeling elements, in which a change to one modeling element (the influent element) may affect the semantics of the other modeling element (the dependent element) Graphical view of a model or package, which displays object, symbols Set of specifications for standardizing XML globally in order to facilitate business over the Internet between companies of any size. Represents a termination point of the processes described in the business process diagram 

business process business rule

composite process condition CRUD matrix

data decision dependency

diagram ebXML end

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flow implemented by message message format note organization unit

Interaction between two objects with potential exchange of data Property of a process that uses another process to share its implementation details Set of data sent and received with a beginning and an end Data format that depends on the nature of the exchanged data and on which two objects agree to communicate Symbol for displaying a comment or textual information (ex: a method body or constraint) Element that allows you to define which organization is responsible for which process. It can represent a company, a system, a service, an organization, a user or a role. It is equivalent to the swimlane in UML General purpose mechanism for organizing elements into groups. It contains model objects Set of rules that govern the transmission and reception of data Invocation of a manual or automated action Similar to a data store, it can be a data, a document, a database, a component, or an executable Allows a process to access a resource. Information within the resource can be created, updated, deleted or read by the process Object representing and referencing an object in the same model, or across different models Extension of the vocabulary of the UML, it allows you to create new kinds of building blocks that are derived from existing ones but that are specific to your problem Starting point of the whole process represented in the business process diagram UML representation of the organization unit Synchronization point between parallel executions (several input flows, one or several output flows waiting for the end of all input executions)

package protocol process resource resource flow shortcut stereotype

start swimlane synchronization



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access mode resource flow 81, 82, 125 action process 33 synchronization (BPM) 91 alias decision (BPM) 88 flow 55 resource flow 83 all objects model option 8 apply business rule (BPM) 20 author BPM 10 automatic correction 118 check option 116

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bibliography ix BPM 3 author 10 business process diagram 24 business rule (BPM) 16, 17 check 112, 116, 118 close 8 code 10 comment 10 compare 128 correction 116, 118 create 6 default diagram 10 define 6 detach from workspace 8 diagram 3 error 112, 116, 118 extended dependencies 12 extended model definitions 12

BPM FRQWLQXHG filename 10 generate 134, 137 generate from BPM 139 generation option 137, 138 merge 128 model 3 name 10 new 6 objects 5 open 7 open a PAM 129, 130 options 8 organization unit (BPM) 40 overview 2 properties 10 save 8 select generation objects 136 swimlane 40 tools 5 update 140 validate 112 version 10 warning 112, 116, 118 business process diagram 24 business rule (BPM) 130 apply 20 BPM 16, 17 BPM object 20 constraint 16, 18 create 18 definition type 18 expression 21 fact 18 formula 18 properties 17 requirement 18 type 18 validation 18



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check automatic correction 113, 116 BPM 112, 114, 116, 118 correction 116, 117, 118 data 127 decision (BPM) 121 end (BPM) 126 error 114 error list 117 file object 123 flow 122 level of severity 112 manual correction 116 message format 127 model 114 object 119 option 112, 114 organization unit 125 package (BPM) check 119 process 120 replication check 119 resource 123 resource flow 124 selection 114 start (BPM) 125 synchonization 121 warning 114 check option automatic correction 116 help 116 manual correction 116 recheck 116 circular dependency parent 125 close BPM 8 composite process 38 code BPM 10 data 66 decision (BPM) 88 end (BPM) 95 flow 54 message format 61 package (BPM) 13 process 31 resource 77 resource flow 81

code FRQWLQXHG start (BPM) 27 synchronization (BPM) 91 code uniqueness data 127 decision (BPM) 121 end (BPM) 126 message format 127 organization unit 125 process 120 resource 124 resource flow 124 start (BPM) 126 synchronization (BPM) 122 column hide in CRUD matrix 103 comment BPM 10 data 66 end (BPM) 95 flow 54 message format 61 package (BPM) 13 process 31 resource flow 81 start (BPM) 27 compare BPM 128 composite process 31, 32, 33 close 38 create from contextual menu 36, 37 create from diagram 36 end (BPM) 120 go to parent 38 object 5 open 38 start (BPM) 120 condition decision (BPM) 88 flow 55, 87, 122 resource flow 83 constraint business rule (BPM) 16 correction automatic 118 BPM 116, 118 check 116, 117, 118 CRUD matrix 100 add object 103, 106 add process 106



CRUD matrix FRQWLQXHG add resource 106 cell 100 consult process properties 103 consult resource flow properties 103 consult resource properties 103 copy 103 display 101 find process symbol 105 find resource flow symbol 105 find resource symbol 105 find symbol in diagram 103 header 100 hide columns 103, 107 hide rows 103, 107 modify CRUD values 108 paste in application 105 process/resource 101 properties 103 remove objects 106 CRUD value modify 108 ctrl+double-click open composite process 38 ctrl+u go to parent 38

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data check 127 code 66 code uniqueness 127 comment 66 create from the list 67 define 65 definition property 66 elementary 66 export in CDM 72 export in OOM 72 flow 56 import in CDM 72, 75 import in OOM 72, 75 link to object 68 list 68 message format 62 modify from the list 68 modify from the property sheet name 66

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data FRQWLQXHG name uniqueness 127 object 5 properties 66, 68 resource flow 83 same definition object within a package 119 same definition object within a process 121 select for a flow 70 select for a message format 70 select for a resource flow 70 stereotype 66 structured 66 type 66 undefined 66 data definition class 66 data item 66 entity 66 data flow 130 data item 130 data store 130 decision (BPM) alias 88 check 121 code 88 code uniqueness 121 condition 88 create from Browser 89 create from diagram 89 create from list 89 define 87 display preferences 90 flow 121 guard condition 87 list 90 modify from the list 90 modify from the property sheet 90 name 88 name uniqueness 121 properties 88, 90 stereotype 88 tool 5 default diagram BPM 10 definition data 66 data property 66 message format 61 message format type 61 uniqueness 127



destination flow 54 detach BPM from workspace 8 diagram BPM 3, 24 business process 24 sub-process 24 Disable Swimlane Mode switch to icon representation 40, 41 display error message 116 warning message 116 display preference decision (BPM) 90 end (BPM) 97 flow 59 organization unit (BPM) 40, 52 package (BPM) 14 process 39 resource 79 resource flow 86 start (BPM) 29 swimlane (BPM) 40, 52 domain 130 drag & drop + alt create implemented process 33 drag and drop into composite process 33

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ebXML reverse 6 editor flow 55 message format 61 resource flow 83 elementary (data) type 66 Enable Swimlane Mode switch to swimlane representation end (BPM) check 126 code 95 code uniqueness 126 comment 95 composite process 120 create from Browser 96

end (BPM) FRQWLQXHG create from diagram 96 create from list 96 define 95 display preferences 97 input flow 126 list 97 modify from the list 97 modify from the property sheet name 95 name uniqueness 126 properties 95, 96, 97 stereotype 95 tool 5 type 96 error BPM 112, 116, 118 display message 116 severity 112 error list check 117 navigate 117 export data in CDM 72 data in OOM 72 expression business rule (BPM) 21 extended dependency BPM 12 extended model definition BPM 12 external definition message format 61 external entity 129

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file open 7 file object check 123 external 123 name uniqueness filename BPM 10 flow alias 55 check 122 code 54

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flow FRQWLQXHG comment 54 condition 55, 87, 122 create from Browser 57 create from diagram 57 create from list 57 create message format 63 data 56 decision (BPM) 121 define 53 destination 54 display preferences 59 editor 55 flow type 54, 55 message format 54, 55, 122, 123 modify from the list 59 modify from the property sheet 59 name 54 properties 54, 55, 59 select data 70 source 54 stereotype 54 synchronization (BPM) 122 tool 5 transport 54 function BPM 2

hide FRQWLQXHG rows in CRUD matrix 107 hierarchy package (BPM) 13 horizontal swimlane (BPM) 52

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implementation process 120 implemented by process 31, 32 implemented process create with drag & drop + alt import data in CDM 72, 75 data in OOM 72, 75 include sub-object 113 input flow end (BPM) 126 process 120

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link data to object 68 location file object 123

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generate BPM 134, 138 BPM from BPM 139 BPM to BPM 137 external shortcut 134 new BPM 137 new model 134 select BPM objects 136 target model 134 update existing BPM 137 update model 134 guard condition decision (BPM) 87

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manual correction BPM 117 check 116 merge 129 BPM 128 swimlane 49 message format check 127 code 61 code uniqueness 127 comment 61 create from Browser 63 create from diagram 63 create from flow property sheet

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hide columns in CRUD matrix 107

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message format FRQWLQXHG data 62 define 60 definition type 61 definition uniqueness 127 editor 61 external definition 61 flow 54, 55, 122, 123 message format type 61 model option 8 modify from the list 64 modify from the property sheet name 61 name uniqueness 127 object 5 properties 61, 64 resource flow 81, 82 select data 70 stereotype 61 type 61 model BPM 3 check 114 create 6 new 6 object selection 113 open 7 options 8 properties 10 sub-object 113 model option all objects 8 default message format 9

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name FRQWLQXHG synchronization (BPM) 91 name uniqueness data 127 decision (BPM) 121 end (BPM) 126 message format 127 organization unit (BPM) 125 process 120 resource 124 resource flow 124 start (BPM) 126 synchronization (BPM) 122 name/code case sensitive model option 8 namespace package (BPM) 13 new BPM 6 model 6

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object add in CRUD matrix 103 BPM 5 check 119 object selection check 113 model 113 package (BPM) 113 off page connector 130 open BPM 7 composite process 38 file 7 model 7 PAM 129 option BPM 8 check 112 message format 8 model 8 organization unit (BPM) attach process 47 check 125 code uniqueness 125 create as icon 46 create as swimlane 44

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name BPM 10 data 66 decision (BPM) 88 end (BPM) 95 file object 123 flow 54 message format 61 package (BPM) 13 process 31 resource 77 resource flow 81 start (BPM) 27



organization unit (BPM) FRQWLQXHG create from Browser 43 create from diagram 43, 44, 46 create from list 43 define 40 detach process 48 display preferences 40, 52 modify from the list 48 modify from the property sheet 48 name uniqueness 125 parent organization 41, 43 process 31 properties 41, 43, 48 stereotype 43 swimlane 40 swimlane (BPM) 49 switch to swimlane (BPM) 41 tool 5 output flow process 120 start (BPM) 126 overview BPM 2

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package (BPM) 13 check model 119 code 13 comment 13 create 14 display preferences 14 hierarchy 13 name 13 namespace 13 object selection 113 properties 13 stereotype 14 sub-package (BPM) 13 tool 5 PAM BPM objects 129 objects imported 129 open 129 open into a BPM 130 ProcessAnalyst Model 129 parent circular dependency 125 organization unit (BPM) 41, 43

parent organization (BPM) properties 43 preserve modifications 140 process action 33 add in CRUD matrix 106 atomic 30 attached to organization unit 47 check 120 code 31 code uniqueness 120 comment 31 composite 30, 31, 32, 33 create from Browser 35 create from diagram 35 create from list 35 CRUD matrix 101 define 30 detach from organization unit (BPM) detach from swimlane (BPM) 48 display preferences 39 implementation 120 implemented by 31, 32 input flow 120 modify from the list 38 modify from the property sheet 38 modify properties 38 name 31 name uniqueness 120 organization unit (BPM) 31 output flow 120 properties 31, 32, 33 resource 124 resource flow 81, 124 stereotype 31 tool 5 ProcessAnalyst model PAM 129 property BPM 10 business rule (BPM) 17 model 10 package (BPM) 13

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recheck check option 116



re-export data in CDM 72 data in OOM 72 replication check model 119 partial 119 resource add in CRUD matrix 106 check 123 code 77 code uniqueness 124 create from Browser 78 create from diagram 78 create from list 78 CRUD matrix 101 define 77 display preferences 79 list 79 modify from the list 79 modify from the property sheet name 77 name uniqueness 124 process 124 properties 77, 79 resource flow 81, 124 stereotype 77 tool 5 resource flow access mode 81, 82, 125 alias 83 check 124 code 81 code uniqueness 124 comment 81 condition 83 create from Browser 84 create from diagram 84 create from list 84 data 83 define 80 display preferences 86 editor 83 list 86 message format 81, 82 modify from the list 86 modify from the property sheet name 81 name uniqueness 124 process 81, 124 properties 81, 82, 83, 86

resource flow FRQWLQXHG resource 81, 124 select data 70 stereotype 81 tool 5 row hide in CRUD matrix 103

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save BPM 8 set of swimlanes (BPM) copy and paste 50 move 50 resize 51 select symbol 49 severity error 112 warning 112 source flow 54 split 129 start (BPM) check 125 code 27 code uniqueness 126 comment 27 composite process 120 create from Browser 27 create from diagram 27 create from list 27 define 27 display preferences 29 modify from the list 28 modify from the property sheet name 27 name uniqueness 126 output flow 126 properties 27, 28 property sheet 28 stereotype 27 tool 5 stereotype data 66 decision (BPM) 88 end (BPM) 95 flow 54 message format 61

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stereotype FRQWLQXHG organization unit (BPM) 43 package (BPM) 14 process 31 resource 77 resource flow 81 start (BPM) 27 structured (data) type 66 sub-object include 113 sub-package (BPM) hierarchy 13 sub-process diagram 24 swimlane (BPM) attach process 47 BPM 40 change format 51 copy and paste 50 create from Browser 43 create from diagram 43, 44 create from list 43 delete 52 detach process 48 display horizontal 52 display preferences 40 display vertical 52 merge 128 merge models 49 move 50 organization unit (BPM) 40, 49 resize 51 select symbol 49 set of swimlanes (BPM) 49 switch to icon 41 UML 40 switch from icon to swimlane 41 synchronization (BPM) action 91 change to horizontal 93, 94 change to vertical 93, 94 check 121 code 91 code uniqueness 122 create from Browser 92 create from diagram 92 create from list 92 define 91

synchronization FRQWLQXHG display inverse 93, 94 flow 122 modify from the list 93 modify from the property sheet name 91 name uniqueness 122 properties 91, 93 timeout 91 tool 5

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target model 134 timeout synchronization (BPM) 91 tool BPM 5 functions 2 transport flow 54 properties 54 type business rule (BPM) 18 data 66 end (BPM) 96 typographic convention viii

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UML swimlane (BPM) undefined (data) type 66 update BPM 140 40

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validate BPM 112 version BPM 10 vertical swimlane (BPM)

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warning BPM 112, 116, 118 severity 112 warning message display 116