PAS TUTORIAL 6

TUTORIAL 6

6.1. Consider a finite population with five elements labeled A, B, C, D, and E. Ten
possible simple random samples of size 2 can be selected.
a. List the 10 samples beginning with AB, AC, and so on.
b. Using simple random sampling, what is the probability that each sample of size
2 is selected?
c. Assume random number 1 corresponds to A, random number 2 corresponds to
B, and so on. List the simple random sample of size 2 that will be selected by using
the random digits 8 0 5 7 5 3 2.

6.2. A population has a mean of 200 and a standard deviation of 50. A simple
random sample of size 100 will be taken and the sample mean will be used to
estimate the population mean.
a. What is the expected value of ?
b. What is the standard deviation of ?
c. Show the sampling distribution of .
d. What does the sampling distribution of show?

6.3. Barron’s reported that the average number of weeks an individual is

unemployed is 17.5 weeks (Barron’s, February 18, 2008). Assume that for the
population of all unemployed individuals the population mean length of
M 9.d 4
=

unemployment is 17.5 weeks and that the population standard deviation is 4 weeks.
Suppose you would like to select a random sample of 50 unemployed individuals
n
for a follow-up study.
a. Show the sampling distribution of , the sample mean average for a sample of 50
unemployed individuals.
b. What is the probability that a simple random sample of 50 unemployed

1
 PAS TUTORIAL 6

individuals will provide a sample mean within 1 week of the population mean?
c. What is the probability that a simple random sample of 50 unemployed
individuals will provide a sample mean within 1/2 week of the population mean?

6.4. BusinessWeek conducted a survey of graduates from 30 top MBA programs

(BusinessWeek, September 22, 2003). On the basis of the survey, assume that the
mean annual salary for male and female graduates 10 years after graduation is
nam
in mi M
$168,000 and $117,000, respectively. Assume the standard deviation for the male
-
sd ham so mix
graduates is $40,000, and for the female graduates it is $25,000.
-

Om
a. What is the probability that a simple random sample of 40 male graduates will
I
provide a sample mean within $10,000 of the population mean, $168,000?
b. What is the probability that a simple random sample of 40 female graduates will
provide a sample mean within $10,000 of the population mean, $117,000?
c. In which of the preceding two cases, part (a) or part (b), do we have a higher
probability of obtaining a sample estimate within $10,000 of the population mean?
Why?
N
d. What is the probability that a simple random sample of 100 male graduates will
-
provide a sample mean more than $4000 below the population mean?

168n400
4540
=

6.5. A simple random sample of size 100 is selected from a population with p= .40.
a. What is the expected value of ?
b. What is the standard error of ?
c. Show the sampling distribution of .
d. What does the sampling distribution of show?
M n
6 0.1
6.6. A population proportion is .40. A simple random sample of size 200 will be =

taken and the sample proportion will be used to estimate the population proportion.
#
a. What is the probability that the sample proportion will be within .03 of the

2
 PAS TUTORIAL 6

population proportion?
I
b. What is the probability that the sample proportion will be within .05 of the
population proportion?
as I

3
 Chapter6: SAMPLING METHODS & SAMPLING DISTRIBUTIONS
1. Expected value of X

E(X) m =
where E(x) the =

expected value of

u the population mean

=

2. Standard deviation of *

* Finite population <Bietkick the toing the

by 1 =

↓
(
hich theseking the
Infinite population
*

Hair hateitkick thro

by =

If population is
normally distributedX
N(M,"")
Neitong the lap chuan

If population is normally
not
distributedXN(u, s contral limit theoream (CLT)

<buthis large 20> &Alight to)

trung

x-Mi
Finding probability
* of sample mean:z
=

ba

Ex1:
M = 0,5 2min, random
=

sample 25, probability sample mean between 7.80 8.2 minutes?

Normally distributed
x:sample mean of long distance call duration

E(X) 8
=

y
=

=
2
6 =

E 0.4
= =

#
15

=> X
-
N((;3) x
=
-
N(8;0.4)

8
7.8
84t< 8.2
-

P(7.8<x<8.2)
-

P
=

4 4

p( 0.0577 <0.05)
=
-

= P(2 (0.05) -

P(t >-8.05)

= 0.5199 -

0.4801.

0.0398
=
Ex: a 8min,
=
5 2min,
=
random sample 30 calls, sample mean by7.898.2=?

X Sample
=

mean
of long distance call duration

Mx
x -

E(X) m 8 = =
z =

6x =

=0
P(7.8<5<8.2) 078-8<t<0.2-8
=

9/50 450
= P(0.55x7 <0.55)

P(t<0.55) P(270.55) Non

normally
- -
=

= 0.7088 -

0.2912

= 0.4176

Within SA:Trei coiA =

(n = A
1

-Below $A:Ben didA =>

(v =
-
A.

-More than -: X).

x --

-
6.3
X:Sample
as mean
unemployment people
of

F(X) 17.5 =

6 4
=

65
z
=

12
=

X-Bin
[17.5;(84)]
by Within 1 week 1
M 175 7 16.5
(n
1 =>
=>
= -
= =

M 17.5 1 18.5
+
=
=> =

↑(16.5(X < 18.5)

17.57575.775 1.772821.77)
16.5 4(
-

P =
=
-

252,5
P(z(1.77)
=
-

P(74 -

1.77)

= 0.9676 -

0.0384

= 0.9232

d) Within week
1.5 => M =
=1.5 =>
( 17.5 -1.5 16
=
=

( 17.5 1.5 19
=
+
=

17.5
415 19 17.5
-

p(19(X 16) 7t <

-

< =>

252,5 222,5
P( 2.65(7 <2.65)
= -

P(772.65)
=
-

p(72 -

2.65)
= 0.9960 -

0.0040

= 0.992

as Within 0.5 week =>

(n 10.5
=
-

( 17.5-0.5
=

= 17

(
=
17.5 + 0.5 18 =

p(179X718) p17 17.542418 17.5

-
-

252/5 252/5
p(
= -

0.88<z(0.88)
= P(t (0.88) -

P(t<-0.88)
 0.8106
=
-

0.1894
= 0.6212

6.4

as

E(x) (n 168000 =
=

40a
>x
= =

40

#:Sample mean of male graduation salary.

L 1
2
40,000
X- Bin 168000,
40

P (168000 -

10000 <X < 168,000 100)

+

p(158000<X <178000)
=

168000
15000
<178000
-

158000 <7
-

= p
40000,
40 40000/N0
P(
=
-

1.58(z = 1.58)
P(t
=

< 1.58) -

4(77 -

1.58)
= 0.9429 -

0.0571

I 0.8858

by
E(x) ( =
11788
=

=
25 0
55 =

No
x: female graduates salary.
Sample mean of
Xo Bin
[117000, 125000
P(117000 -

10000 <X < 117000 +

100)
p(107000
=

<x < 127000)

11708 127000 117000
p107000
-

>z <
-

000
25
/ 10 25000/5t0
P(
=
-

2.53(7 < 2.55)

 P(742.53)
=
-
P977 -

2.53)
= 0.9943-0.8057

= 0.9886.

6, (b) because 0.9886> 0.8858.

d
X- N168000, 400002

No

P(x > 168000 -

400) p(x)1640)
=

164000 168000
x M
-

z
-

= =
-

1
=

6/r 40 000
/
NO

P(t) -

1) 1
=
-

P(zz1)
= 1 -

0.4602 0.5398.
=

6.5

n 100, p 40
=
=

as the expected value:

F(x) np =
=

100 +40 4000

=

b, the standard error:

6
np(1 p) 100 x40(1 40)
-
-

=
=