: HINTS AND SOLUTIONS :

1 (a)
𝑑𝑦 𝑦
Given, + 𝑥 = sin 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
1
∴ IF = 𝑒 ∫𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥
∴ Solution is 𝑦. 𝑥 = ∫ 𝑥 sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
⇒ 𝑥𝑦 = −𝑥 cos 𝑥 + sin 𝑥 + 𝑐
⇒ 𝑥(𝑦 + cos 𝑥) = sin 𝑥 + 𝑐
2 (a)
We have, √1 − 𝑥 2 + √1 − 𝑦 2 = 𝑎(𝑥 − 𝑦)
Putting 𝑥 = sin 𝐴 , 𝑦 = sin 𝐵, we get
cos 𝐴 + cos 𝐵 = 𝑎(sin 𝐴 − sin 𝐵)
𝐴−𝐵
⇒ cot =𝑎
2
⇒ 𝐴 − 𝐵 = 2 cot −1 𝑎
⇒ sin−1 𝑥 − sin−1 𝑦 = 2 cot −1 𝑎
On differentiating w. r. t. 𝑥, we get
1 1 𝑑𝑦
√1−𝑥 2
− =0
√1−𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 √1−𝑦 2
⇒ = √1−𝑥 2
𝑑𝑥
Clearly, it is differential equation of the first order and first degree.

3 (c)
𝑑𝑦 1
Given, + 𝑦. 𝑥 log 𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑥 −(1⁄2) log 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
1 (log 𝑥)2 (log 𝑥)2
∴ 𝐼𝐹 = 𝑒 ∫𝑥 log 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 ∫ 2 = (√𝑒)

4 (c)
Given, 𝑦 = 𝑥𝑒 𝑐𝑥 …(i)
𝑑𝑦 𝑦
⇒ 𝑑𝑥
= 𝑒 𝑐𝑥 + 𝑥𝑒 𝑐𝑥 . 𝑐 = 𝑥 + 𝑦. 𝑐 …(ii)
From Eq. (ii),
Log 𝑦 = log 𝑥 + 𝑐𝑥
1 𝑦
⇒ 𝑐 log
𝑥 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑦 𝑦 𝑦
= 𝑥 + 𝑥 log 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑦 𝑦
= 𝑥 (1 + log 𝑥 )

5 (b)
 𝑑𝑦
= 𝑦 + 2𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
⇒ − 𝑦 = 2𝑥
𝑑𝑥
IF = 𝑒 ∫ −1 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 −𝑥
∴ Solution of the differential equation is
𝑦. 𝑒 −𝑥 = 2 ∫ 𝑥𝑒 −𝑥 𝑑𝑥
= 2(−𝑥𝑒 −𝑥 − 𝑒 −𝑥 ) + 𝑐
⇒ 𝑦 = 2𝑒 𝑥 (−𝑥𝑒 −𝑥 − 𝑒 −𝑥 ) + 𝑐𝑒 𝑥
⇒ 𝑦 = −2𝑥 − 2 + 𝑐𝑒 𝑥
For 𝑐 = 2
We get 𝑦 = 2(𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑥 − 1)
6 (a)
Given differential equation can be rewritten as
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
⇒ − 𝑦 2 = 2𝑦
𝑑𝑦
1
− ∫ 2 𝑑𝑦
∴ IF = 𝑒 𝑦 = 𝑒 1⁄𝑦

7 (c)
Given, 𝑦 2 = 4𝑎(𝑥 − 𝑏)
𝑑𝑦
⇒ 2𝑦 = 4𝑎
𝑑𝑥
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 2
⇒ 2𝑦 𝑑𝑥 2 + 2 (𝑑𝑥 ) = 0
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 2
⇒ 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 2 + (𝑑𝑥 ) = 0
8 (b)
𝑑𝑦 (1+𝑦 2 )𝑥
Given, =
𝑑𝑥 𝑦(1+𝑥 2 )
2𝑦 2𝑥
⇒ ∫ 1+𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 1+𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
⇒ log(1 + 𝑦 2 ) = log(1 + 𝑥 2 ) + log 𝑘
⇒ (1 + 𝑦 2 ) = (1 + 𝑥 2 )𝑘
This equation represents a family of hyperbola.

9 (a)
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
Given 𝑦 + 𝑥 2 = 𝑑𝑥 ⇒ 𝑑𝑥
− 𝑦 = 𝑥2
This is the linear differential equation of the form
𝑑𝑦
+ 𝑃𝑦 = 𝑄
𝑑𝑥
⇒ 𝑃 = −1, 𝑄 = 𝑥 2
∴ IF = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑃 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 ∫ −1 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 −𝑥
Hence, required solution is
𝑦𝑒 −𝑥 = ∫ 𝑥 2 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑦 ∙ 𝑒 −𝑥 = −𝑥 2 𝑒 −𝑥 − 2𝑥𝑒 −𝑥 − 2𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝑐
 ⇒ 𝑦 + 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 2 = 𝑐𝑒 𝑥

10 (c)
𝑦 = (𝑐1 + 𝑐2 ) cos(𝑥 + 𝑐3 ) − 𝑐4 𝑒 𝑥+𝑐5
𝑦1 = −(𝑐1 + 𝑐2 ) sin(𝑥 + 𝑐3 ) − 𝑐4 𝑒 𝑥+𝑐5
𝑦2 = −(𝑐1 + 𝑐2 ) cos(𝑥 + 𝑐3 ) − 𝑐4 𝑒 𝑥+𝑐5 = −𝑦 − 2𝑐4 𝑒 𝑥+𝑐5
𝑦3 = −𝑦1 − 2𝑐4 𝑒 𝑥+𝑐5
𝑦3 = −𝑦1 + 𝑦2 − 𝑦
∴ Differential equation is
𝑦3 − 𝑦2 + 𝑦1 − 𝑦 = 0
Which is order 3
11 (c)
The given equation is
𝑦 = 𝑎𝑒 𝑏𝑥
𝑑𝑦
⇒ = 𝑎𝑏𝑒 𝑏𝑥 …(i)
𝑑𝑥
𝑑2 𝑦
⇒ = 𝑎𝑏 2 𝑒 𝑏𝑥 …(ii)
𝑑𝑥 2
𝑑2 𝑦
⇒ 𝑎𝑒 𝑏𝑥 = 𝑎2 𝑏 2 𝑒 2𝑏𝑥
𝑑𝑥 2
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 2
⇒ 𝑦 = (𝑑𝑥 ) [from eq. (ii)]
𝑑𝑥 2

12 (c)
𝑑𝑦
Given, (1 − 𝑥 2 ) − 𝑥𝑦 = 1
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑥 1
⇒ − 𝑦 =
𝑑𝑥 1 − 𝑥 2 1 − 𝑥2
This is a linear equation, comparing with the equation
𝑑𝑦
+ 𝑃𝑦 = 𝑄
𝑑𝑥
𝑥 1
⇒𝑃=− 2
,𝑄 =
1−𝑥 1 − 𝑥2
−𝑥
∫ 𝑑𝑥
∴ 𝐼𝐹 = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑃 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 1−𝑥 2
1 2)
⇒ IF = 𝑒 2 log(1−𝑥 = √1 − 𝑥 2
13 (a)
Equation of line whose slope is equal to y intercept, is
𝑦 = 𝑐𝑥 + 𝑐 = 𝑐(𝑥 + 1)
𝑑𝑦
⇒ =𝑐
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑦
∴ = 𝑥+1
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
⇒ (𝑥 + 1) −𝑦 =0
𝑑𝑥

14 (a)
 Here, 𝑦 = 𝐴 cos 𝜔𝑡 + 𝐵 sin 𝜔𝑡 ….(i)
On differentiating w. r. t. 𝑡, we get
𝑑𝑦
= −𝜔𝐴 sin 𝜔𝑡 + 𝜔𝐵 cos 𝜔𝑡
𝑑𝑡
Again, on differentiating w. r. t. 𝑡, we get
𝑑2 𝑦
= −𝜔2 𝐴 cos 𝜔𝑡 − 𝜔2 𝐵 sin 𝜔𝑡
𝑑𝑡 2
𝑑2 𝑦
⇒ 2 = −𝜔2 (𝐴 cos 𝜔𝑡 − 𝐵 sin 𝜔𝑡)
𝑑𝑡
∴ 𝑦2 = −𝜔2 𝑦 [from Eq. (i)]

15 (a)
Since,
𝑦 = 𝑒 2𝑥 (𝑎 cos 𝑥 + 𝑏 sin 𝑥) …(i)
2𝑥 (−
⇒ 𝑦1 = 𝑒 asin 𝑥 + 𝑏 cos 𝑥) + (𝑎 cos 𝑥 + 𝑏 sin 𝑥)2𝑒 2𝑥
⇒ 𝑦1 = 𝑒 2𝑥 (−𝑎 sin 𝑥 + 𝑏 cos 𝑥) + 2𝑦 …(ii)
2𝑥 (−𝑎
⇒ 𝑦2 = 𝑒 cos 𝑥 − 𝑏 sin 𝑥) + (−𝑎 sin 𝑥 + 𝑏 cos 𝑥)𝑒 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑦1
= −𝑦 + 2𝑒 2𝑥 (−𝑎 sin 𝑥 + 𝑏 cos 𝑥) + 2𝑦1 (using eq.(ii))
⇒ 𝑦2 = −𝑦 + 2(𝑦1 − 2𝑦) + 2𝑦1 (using eq.(ii))
⇒ 𝑦2 = −𝑦 + 4𝑦1 − 4𝑦
⇒ 𝑦2 − 4𝑦1 + 5𝑦 = 0
16 (c)
𝑑𝑦 𝑦 sin 𝑥
Given, + 𝑥 = cos 𝑥 +
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
1
∫𝑥 𝑑𝑥
∴ IF = 𝑒 = 𝑒 log 𝑥 = 𝑥
∴ Complete solution is
𝑥𝑦 = ∫(𝑥 cos 𝑥 + sin 𝑥)𝑑𝑥
⇒ 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑥 sin 𝑥 + 𝑐
𝜋
At 𝑦 = 1, 𝑥 = 2 , 𝑐 = 0
∴ 𝑦 = sin 𝑥

17 (b)
Given differential equation is

𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 2
= √1 + (𝑑𝑥 )
𝑑𝑥 2

2
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 2
⇒ (𝑑𝑥 2 ) = 1 + (𝑑𝑥 )

Hence, order is 2.
18 (a)
Given differential equation is
𝑑2 𝑦 3 𝑑𝑦 4
= √1 − (𝑑𝑥 )
𝑑𝑥 2
3
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 4
⇒ (𝑑𝑥 2 ) = 1 − (𝑑𝑥 )
∴ Order=2, degree=3

19 (a)
𝑑𝑦 1 1
Given, − (1+𝑡) 𝑦 = (1+𝑡) and 𝑦(0) = −1
𝑑𝑡
𝑡 1
∴ IF = 𝑒 ∫ −(1+𝑡)𝑑𝑡 = 𝑒 − ∫(1−1+𝑡)𝑑𝑡
= 𝑒 −𝑡+log(1+𝑡) = 𝑒 −𝑡 (1 + 𝑡)
∴ Required solution is
1
𝑦𝑒 −𝑡 (1 + 𝑡) = ∫ 1+𝑡 𝑒 −𝑡 (1 + 𝑡)𝑑𝑡 + 𝑐
= ∫ 𝑒 −𝑡 𝑑𝑡 + 𝑐
⇒ 𝑦𝑒 −𝑡 (1 + 𝑡) = −𝑒 −𝑡 + 𝑐
Since, 𝑦(0) = −1
⇒ 𝑐=0
1
∴ 𝑦 = − (1+𝑡)
1
⇒ 𝑦(1) = − 2
20 (d)
𝑑𝑦 𝑥2
Given that, =
𝑑𝑥 𝑦+1
2
⇒ (𝑦 + 1)𝑑𝑦 = 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑦2 𝑥2
⇒ +𝑦 = +𝑐
2 3
This curve passes through the point (3, 2).
2+2=9+𝑐
⇒ 𝑐 = −5
𝑦2 𝑥3
∴ Required curve is 2
+𝑦 = 3
−5

21 (b)
𝑥 𝑑𝑦−𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑦
Given, = − (cos2 𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥
𝑥
𝑦 𝑥 𝑑𝑦−𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
⇒ sec 2 (𝑥 ) ( 𝑥2
)=− 𝑥
𝑦 𝑦 𝑑𝑥
⇒ sec 2 (𝑥 ) 𝑑 (𝑥 ) =− 𝑥
 𝑦
⇒ tan 𝑥 = − log 𝑥 + 𝑐 [integrating]
𝜋
When 𝑥 = 1, 𝑦 = ⇒𝑐=1
4
𝑦
𝑦
∴ tan (𝑥 ) = 1 − log 𝑥 ⇒ 𝑥 = 𝑒 1−tan(𝑥)
22 (b)
Given, sin 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = cos 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
⇒ − cos 𝑦 + 𝑐 = sin 𝑥 [integrating]
⇒ sin 𝑥 + cos 𝑦 = 𝑐
23 (a)
Here, 𝑥 = 𝐴 cos 4𝑡 + 𝐵 sin 4𝑡
On differentiating w. r. t. 𝑡, we get
𝑑𝑥
= −4𝐴 sin 4𝑡 + 4𝐵 cos 4𝑡
𝑑𝑡
Again, on differentiating w. r. t. 𝑡, we get
𝑑2 𝑥
= −16𝐴 cos 4𝑡 − 16𝐵 sin 4𝑡
𝑑𝑡 2
= −16(𝐴 cos 4𝑡 + 𝐵 sin 4𝑡)
𝑑2 𝑥
⇒ = −16𝑥
𝑑𝑡 2

24 (c)
𝑑𝑦
Given equation is 𝑒 𝑥 + sin (𝑑𝑥 ) = 3
Since, the given differential equation cannot be written as a polynomial in all the
differential coefficients, the degree of the equation is not defined.

25 (c)
𝑑𝑦 𝑦
Given, + 𝑥 = 𝑥2
𝑑𝑥
1
∴ IF = 𝑒 ∫𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 log 𝑥 = 𝑥
∴ Complete solution is
𝑦. 𝑥 = ∫ 𝑥. 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
1
⇒ 𝑦. 𝑥 = 4 𝑥 4 + 𝑐
1
⇒ 𝑦 = 4 𝑥 3 + 𝑐𝑥 −1