SURVEYING

CE Review
SURVEYING 14. A 30-m tape which is of standard length at a temperature of 20 C is
used to measure a line with a measured distance of 412 m. During
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the following
questions. Mark only one answer for each item by shading the box measurement, the temperature was 52 C. If the coefficient of
corresponding to the letter of your choice on the answer sheet provided. thermal expansion of the tape is 0.0000116 /C, determine the
STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED. Use pencil no. 1 only. correct length of the line.
a. 412.096 m c. 412.380 m
MULTIPLE CHOICE b. 412.248 m d. 412.153 m

Measurement of Horizontal Distances • Correction for Variations in Tension

• Distance by Pacing 15. A steel tape is 100 m long at a standard pull of 65 N. Compute the
pull correction if during measurement the applied pull is 40 N. The
1. A line 100 m long was paced four times by a surveyor with the tape has a cross-sectional area of 3.18 mm2 and a modulus of
following data: 143, 146.5, 142.5, and 144. Another line was paced elasticity E = 200 GPa.
four times by the same surveyor with the following data: 894.5, 892, a. -4.93 mm c. -3.93 mm
891.5, and 895. Which of the following most nearly gives the length b. -4.39 mm d. -3.39 mm
of the line?
a. 606 m c. 620 m • Correction for Sag
b. 613 m d. 629 m 16. A 30-m steel tape had a weight of 0.040 kg/m, an area of 5 mm 2,
2. A surveyor wanted to know his pace factor so he walked along a and a modulus of elasticity of 200,000 MPa. This tape was held
line 50 m long with the following recorded number of paces: 71.5, horizontal, supported at the ends only, with a constant tension of 10
69, 70, and 70. He then took 465, 459, 463.5, and 468 paces in kg, to measure a line from A to B which was recorded to be 114.26
walking an unknown distance. Which of the following most nearly m. Find the correct distance of the line from A to B.
gives the length of the second line? a. 114.288 m c. 114.196 m
a. 322 m c. 338 m b. 114.232 m d. 114.324 m
b. 331 m d. 348 m • Correction for Slope
• Distance by Taping 17. A distance of 15.94 m is measured with a tape. During
3. A line was measured with a 50-m tape. There were 2 tallies and 3 measurement, the other end was discovered to be 0.78 m lower.
pins, and the distance from the last pin to the end of the line was Find the correct distance.
2.25 m. Find the length of the line. a. 15.959 m c. 15.921 m
a. 1,152.25 m c. 1,017.25 m b. 15.903 m d. 15.815 m
b. 117.25 m d. 517.25 m • Correction for Reduction to Sea Level
• Distance by Tachymetry (Stadia Method) 18. At an elevation of 860 m, a line was measured to be 20 km. Find
4. A transit is set up at a distance of 194.20 m from the stadia rod. the sea level distance if the average radius of curvature is 6,400
With a horizontal line of sight, the stadia intercept was recorded to km.
be 1.94 m. If the stadia constant is 0.30, find the stadia interval a. 19,997.31 m c. 19,799.31 m
factor. b. 19,993.71 m d. 19,979.31 m
a. 99.9212 m c. 99.9637 m • Combined Corrections
b. 99.9485 m d. 99.9885 m
Situation 1: A line was determined to be 2,395.25 m when measured
5. A stadia intercept of 3.60 m was measured on a stadia rod by a with a 30-m steel tape supported throughout its length
transit with stadia constant and stadia interval factor of 0.30 m and under a pull of 4 kg at a mean temperature of 35C. Tape
100, respectively. If the line of sight was inclined at an angle of
used is of standard length at 20C under a pull of 5 kg.
330’ with the horizontal, determine the horizontal distance from the Cross-sectional area of the tape is 0.03 cm2. Coefficient of
transit to the rod. thermal expansion is 0.0000116 /C. Modulus of elasticity
a. 358.96 m c. 360.92 m
of tape is 2106 kg/cm2.
b. 356.18 m d. 362.04 m
19. Determine the error of the tape due to change in temperature.
6. A transit has a stadia interval factor of 99.96 and stadia constant of
a. +0.3286 m c. +0.3192 m
0.30 m. Compute the horizontal distance from the transit to a point
b. +0.4168 m d. +0.4076 m
where the stadia intercept is 0.60 m.
a. 60.28 m c. 66.19 m 20. Determine the error due to tension.
b. 56.81 m d. 52.33 m a. -0.0288 m c. -0.0146 m
b. -0.0399 m d. -0.0314 m
7. The length intercepted on a stadia rod is 1.80 m. The stadia
constant is 0.30 m and the stadia interval factor is 100. If the line of 21. Determine the corrected length of the line.
sight is inclined at an angle of 430’ with the horizontal, determine a. 2,395.1514 m c. 2,395.6269 m
the horizontal distance from the instrument to the stadia rod. b. 2,395.5426 m d. 2,395.2468 m
a. 180.19 m c. 179.19 m
Situation 2: A 30-m steel tape standardized at 20C and supported
b. 179.75 m d. 178.77 m
throughout under a tension of 5.45 kg was found to be
Corrections in Taping 30.012 m long. The tape had a cross-sectional area of
0.050 cm2 and a weight of 0.03967 kg/m. This tape was
• Correction for Tape Length
held horizontal, supported at the ends only, with a constant
8. Using a 50-m tape that is 0.02 m too long, the measured distance tension of 9.09 kg, to measure a line from A to B in three
from A to B is 160.42 m. What is the correct distance from A to B? segments. The data listed in the following table were
a. 160.484 m c. 160.466 m recorded. Apply corrections for tape length, temperature,
b. 160.356 m d. 160.448 m pull, and sag to determine the correct length of the line.
Use  = 11.610-6 /C and E = 2,000,000 kg/cm2.
9. The distance from D to E, as measured, is 165.200 m. If the 50-m
tape used is 0.01 m too short, what is the correct distance? Measured (Recorded)
a. 165.300 m c. 165.167 m Section Temperature (C)
Distance (m)
b. 165.366 m d. 165.233 m A-1 30.000 14
10. The correct distance between points E and F is 213.50 m. If a 100- 1-2 30.000 15
m tape that is 0.025 m too long is used to measure EF, what will be 2-B 21.151 16
the measured distance? 81.151
a. 212.765 m c. 213.447 m
22. Determine the correction due to instrumental error.
b. 212.659 m d. 213.553 m
a. 0.032 m c. 0.019 m
11. A rectangular lot has a correct area of two hectares. Its length is b. 0.360 m d. 0.974 m
twice its width. If the lengths of the sides were measured with a 50-
23. Determine the correction due to natural error.
m tape that is 0.02 m too long, compute the error in the area of the
a. 0.052 m c. 0.049 m
lot.
b. 0.043 m d. 0.058 m
a. 16.99 m2 c. 15.59 m2
b. 15.99 m2 d. 16.49 m2 24. Determine the correct distance from A to B.
a. 81.171 m c. 81.067 m
12. The sides of a lot having an area of 2.25 hectares were measured
b. 81.235 m d. 81.131 m
using a 100-m tape that was 0.04 m too short. Compute the error in
the area. Situation 3: A 100-ft steel tape standardized at 68F and supported
a. 18.0036 m2 c. 11.9984 m2 throughout under a tension of 20 lb was found to be
b. 12.0016 m2 d. 17.9964 m2 100.012 ft long. The tape had a cross-sectional area of
0.0078 in2 and a weight of 0.0266 lb/ft. This tape is used to
• Correction for Variations in Temperature
lay off a horizontal distance CD of exactly 175.00 ft. The
13. A steel tape with a coefficient of thermal expansion of 0.0000116 ground is on a smooth 3% grade, thus the tape will be
/C has a standard length at 20 C. A line was measured at a used fully supported. During fieldwork, the temperature is
temperature of 3 C. if the true length of the line is 856.50 m, what 87F and a pull of 15 lb is used. Use  = 0.00000645/F
is the measured distance? and E = 29,000,000 lb/in2.
a. 856.92 m c. 857.20 m 25. Determine the total correction.
b. 856.33 m d. 856.67 m a. 0.046 ft c. 0.064 ft
b. 0.039 ft d. 0.093 ft

1 Dindo F. Esplana
 SURVEYING
CE Review
26. Determine the required horizontal distance to layoff. 37. Determine the difference between the elevations of Sta. 6 and Sta.
a. 175.04 ft c. 175.09 ft 5 using the following notes:
b. 174.91 ft d. 174.96 ft
Station BS (m) FS (m) Elev (m)
27. Determine the required slope distance to layoff. 1 4.90 463.80
a. 175.09 ft c. 174.96 ft 2 6.06 5.32
b. 175.04 ft d. 174.91 ft 3 2.51 5.28
Earth’s Curvature and Refraction 4 6.28 6.11
5 9.22 4.60
28. The top of a tower signal at B 2,000 m from A away was sighted
6 3.48
through a transit with recorded vertical angle of 230’. The height of
the mast is 12 m and the H of the transit above the point where it is a. 5.74 m c. 5.53 m
set is 1.10 m. The elevation of the point under the transit A is b. 5.47 m d. 5.66 m
133.30 m. Compute the elevation of the base of the signal B. 38. A line level was run from point 5 to point 6, 8 km apart. The average
a. 217.72 m c. 213.16 m backsight and also foresight distance was 100 m. At every turning
b. 222.60 m d. 209.99 m point, the rod settles by 3 cm. Find the correct elevation of point 6
29. Point A is in between B and C. The distances of points B and C based on its recorded elevation of 182 m.
from point A are 1,000 m and 2,000 m, respectively. Measured from a. 181.29 m c. 180.36 m
point A, the angle of elevation of point B is 1830’ while that of C is b. 180.07 m d. 180.83 m
815’. Compute the difference in elevation of B and C considering Angles and Direction
the effects of earth’s curvature and refraction.
a. 52.16 m c. 44.41 m • Azimuth
b. 47.62 m d. 49.61 m 39. Find the back azimuth of a line having a forward azimuth of 52.
Situation 4: The elevation of station Alpha is 680 m while that of a. 142 c. 128
Charlie is 620 m. In between stations Alpha and Charlie is b. 308 d. 232
station Bravo with elevation 645 m. The distance from
40. The lot ABCDEF is a closed traverse in the form of a regular
Alpha to Bravo is 12 km and from Bravo to Charlie is 15
hexagon. If the bearing of line AB is N 25 E, find the bearing of line
km.
FA.
30. Find the elevation of the line of sight at station Bravo with the a. N 35 W c. N 30 W
instrument placed at station Alpha such that station Charlie would b. N 45 W d. N 40 W
be visible from station Alpha considering the effect of earth’s
curvature and refraction. 41. Lot ABCDEFA is a closed traverse (clockwise) in the form of a
a. 641.18 m c. 659.20 m regular hexagon with each side equal to 100 m. The bearing of AB
b. 632.19 m d. 653.33 m is N 25 E. What is the bearing of CD?
a. S 30 E c. S 50 E
31. Assume that station Bravo will obstruct the line of sight from station b. S 35 E d. S 45 E
Alpha while observing station Charlie and a 4-m tower is
constructed on top of station Bravo. Find the height of equal towers Declination
at stations Alpha and Charlie in order that the three stations as 42. A line has a magnetic bearing of S 4130’ E when the declination
observed from station Alpha will still be intervisible.
was 130’ E. What is the true bearing of the line if a local attraction
a. 5.42 m c. 6.85 m
is 330’ to the east of the vicinity?
b. 4.33 m d. 7.82 m
a. S 3630’ E c. S 3930’ E
32. Without constructing any tower at station Bravo, what height of b. S 4530’ E d. S 4330’ E
tower must be constructed at station Charlie so that both stations
Bravo and Charlie would be visible from station Alpha? Area by Triangulation
a. 8.87 m c. 8.59 m 43. To determine the area of a triangular lot ABC, an engineer set up a
b. 7.90 m d. 7.29 m transit at a point inside the triangular lot and observes the distances
Sensitivity of a Level Tube and bearings of the corners A, B, and C.

33. Using an engineer’s level, the reading on a rod 80 m away was Corner Bearing Distance (m)
observed to be 2.84 m. The bubble was leveled through 5 spaces A N 4216’ W 31.48
on the level tube and the rod reading increased to 2.904 m. Find the B N 7824’ E 50.82
radius of curvature of the level tube if one space on the tube is 0.60 C due south 44.27
mm long.
a. 3.25 m c. 3.75 m Find the area of the triangular lot ABC.
b. 4m d. 3.50 m a. 1,966.67 m2 c. 2,258.63 m2
b. 1,820.57 m2 d. 2,019.45 m2
Leveling Adjustments
Errors in Transit Work
34. To make a peg adjustment, the following notes were taken:
• Line of Sight not Perpendicular to Horizontal Axis
Wye level at 1 Wye level at 2
Rod reading at P 0.750 1.906 44. The horizontal axis of a transit was inclined at 4’ with the horizontal
Rod reading at Q 2.766 3.798 due to non-adjustment. The first sight had a vertical angle of 50,
the next had -39. Determine the error in the measured horizontal
Point 1 is on the line PQ and midway between P and Q. Point 2 is angle.
on the same line as P and Q but not between them. Point 2 is 25 m a. 8.60’ c. 8.02’
from P and 230 m from Q. With the wye level at point 2, what is the b. 8.33’ d. 7.62’
rod reading at P for a level sight?
a. 1.962 m c. 1.980 m Closed Traverse
b. 1.954 m d. 1.921 m • Omitted Measurements
Differential Leveling 45. A closed traverse has the following data:
35. Using the following notes, what is the elevation of BM14? Course Distance (m) Bearing
Station BS (m) FS (m) Elev (m) 1-2 58.70 N 9.27 E
BM12 4.64 209.65 2-3 27.30 S 88.43 E
1 5.80 5.06 3-4
2 2.25 5.02 4-5 35.00 S 5.30 E
BM13 6.02 5.85 5-1 78.96 S 72.07 W
3 8.96 4.94
What is the length of course 3-4?
4 8.06 3.22
a. 39.32 m c. 38.65 m
5 9.45 3.71 b. 37.58 m d. 35.20 m
6 12.32 2.02
BM14 1.98 46. A closed traverse has the following data:

a. 255.45 m c. 225.05 m Course Distance (m) Bearing

b. 245.02 m d. 235.35 m AB 24.22 S 1536’ W
BC 15.92 S 6911 E
36. Based on the following leveling notes, find the elevation of Sta 5.
CD N 5758’ E
Station BS (m) FS (m) Elev (m) DA S 8043’ W
1 8.26 458.45
2 9.98 2.39 Find the distance DA.
a. 73.21 m c. 75.01 m
3 12.87 2.26
b. 77.46 m d. 79.80 m
4 8.65 11.36
5 5.32
a. 476.88 m c. 478.82 m
b. 479.26 m d. 477.28 m

2 Dindo F. Esplana
 SURVEYING
CE Review
47. A closed traverse has the following data: Situation 7: A closed traverse has the following data:
Line Distance (m) Bearing Line Bearing Distance (m)
AB 64.86 N 7210’ E AB N 3217’ E 54.79
BC 107.72 S 4813 E BC S 5148’ E 37.93
CD 44.37 S 3530’ W CA
DE 137.84
58. Find the length of the line CA.
EA 12.83 a. 72.39 m c. 55.71 m
Find the bearing of line DE? b. 69.06 m d. 63.34 m
a. N 5715’ W c. N 5634’ W 59. Find the bearing of the line CA.
b. N 5944’ W d. N 5825’ W a. S 609’ W c. S 6326’ W
48. A closed traverse has the following data: b. S 6850’ W d. S 7033’ W

Line Distance (m) Bearing 60. Find the area of the traverse.
AB 44.47 a. 1,133.29 m2 c. 957.48 m2
BC 137.84 b. 1,209.65 m2 d. 1,033.56 m2
CD 12.83 N 145’ E • Area by Double Meridian Distance (DMD) / Double Parallel
DE 64.86 N 7210’ E Distance (DPD)
EA 107.72 S 4813’ E Situation 8: A closed traverse has the following data:
Find the bearing of line AB? Line Bearing Distance (m)
a. S 3718’ W c. S 3834’ W AB S 851’ W 124.73
b. S 3530’ W d. S 3626’ W BC N 1851’ E 89.26
49. A closed traverse has the following data: CD N 3227’ E 154.70
DA
Line Distance (m) Bearing
AB 85.32 61. Find the length of DA.
BC 51.88 a. 138.72 m c. 130.41 m
CD 60.00 N 763’ W b. 146.89 m d. 150.80 m
DE 41.19 N 2839’ E 62. Find the bearing of DA.
EA 76.49 S 471’ W a. S 4910’5” W c. S 4049’55” W
Find the bearing of line AB? b. S 4443’32” W d. S 4516’28” W
a. N 5357’ W c. N 5753’ W 63. Find the area of the traverse ABCD.
b. S 5357’ E d. S 5753’ E a. 0.89 acres c. 0.79 acres
b. 0.84 acres d. 0.93 acres
50. A closed traverse has the following data:
Situation 9: A closed traverse has the following data:
Line Distance (m) Bearing
AB 52.50 N 6820’ E Line Bearing Distance (m)
BC 31.82 S 3752’ E AB N 3030’ E 56.50
CD 60.44 S 287’ W BC N 7530’ W 47.80
DE 45.16 S 836’ E CD S 4530’ W 85.70
EA DA
Find the bearing of line EA? 64. Find the length of the line DA.
a. N 2411’42” W c. N 2820’6” W a. 78.73 m c. 67.22 m
b. N3547’52” W d. N 2643’ 16” W b. 73.78 m d. 63.91 m
51. A closed traverse has the following data: 65. Find the bearing of the line DA.
a. S 8257’ E c. S 8935’ E
Line Distance (m) Bearing b. S 7526’ E d. S 6215’ E
AB 1,000 N 60 E
BC Due South 66. Find the area of the traverse.
CA N 60 W a. 3,982.06 m2 c. 3,216.84 m2
b. 3,680.33 m2 d. 4,245.69 m2
An area of 280,000 m2 is cut off from point A to the line BC. Find
Situation 10: A closed traverse has the following data:
the length of the dividing line from A.
a. 878.35 m c. 638.05 m Line Latitude (m) Departure (m)
b. 798.22 m d. 546.02 m 1-2 +76.40 +44.39
Situation 5: Given the technical description of a triangular lot 2-3 +34.21
3-4 -16.39 -71.66
Line Bearing Distance (m) 4-5 +53.47 -32.49
AB N 40 W 5-6 -62.84 +9.70
BC N 60 E 810 6-1 +56.32
CA Due South
67. Find the length of the line 6-1.
An area of 190,000 m2 is to be segregated along the side a. 101.84 m c. 90.64 m
BC starting from B. b. 94.08 m d. 82.79 m
52. Compute the location of the other end of the dividing line D along 68. Find the bearing of the line 6-1.
the side CA measured from C. a. S 4252’ E c. S 3646’ E
a. 621.42 m c. 490.89 m b. S 3825’ E d. S 3334’ E
b. 690.42 m d. 541.71 m
69. Find the DMD of the line 6-1.
53. Compute the bearing of the dividing line from B. a. -84.85 m c. 56.32 m
a. N 8312’ E c. S 6942’ E b. -56.32 m d. 84.85 m
b. S 7858’ E d. N 8210’ E
Situation 11: A closed traverse has the following data:
54. Compute the length of the dividing line.
a. 825.42 m c. 695.14 m Line Latitude Departure DMD 2A
b. 714.68 m d. 794.24 m AB 33.79 1,455.23
BC x 80.70 y 2,846.07
Situation 6: A closed traverse has the following data: CD 139.06
Line Bearing Distance (m) DA -8.41 z
AB N 6030’ W 68.75 70. Find the value of x.
BC N 8030’ E 125.90 a. 22.85 c. 11.14
CA b. 16.21 d. 19.19
55. Determine the length of side CA. 71. Find the value of y.
a. 91.40 m c. 84.40 m a. 148.28 c. 175.52
b. 80.32 m d. 66.72 m b. 255.44 d. 124.57
56. Determine the bearing of side CA. 72. Find the value of z.
a. S 4940’ W c. S 5226’ W a. -211.30 c. -206.63
b. S 5928’ W d. S 5639’ W b. -175.66 d. -190.43
57. Determine the area of the closed traverse.
a. 2,723.58 m2 c. 2,528.49 m2
b. 3,158.52 m2 d. 2,909.44 m2

3 Dindo F. Esplana
 SURVEYING
CE Review
Traverse Adjustment 82. The following interior angles of a triangular traverse were measured
with the same precision.
• Transit Rule
No. of
73. A closed traverse has the following data: Angle Value
Measurements
Line Length (m) Bearing A 41 5
AB 895.00 S 7029’ E B 77 6
BC 315.00 S 2628’ E C 63 2
CD 875.00 S 6533’ W
What is the most probable value of angle A?
DE 410.00 N 4531’ W
a. 4036’56” c. 4123’5”
EA 650.00 N 1000’ E b. 4113’51” d. 4046’9”
Determine the correction for the latitude of the length EA using 83. Lines of levels between A and B are run from over three different
transit rule. routes. A is at elevation 672.16 m and is lower than B.
a. N 944’34” E c. N 950’28” E
b. N 947’21” E d. N 953’1” E Difference in
Route Distance (km)
Elevation (m)
74. A closed traverse has the following data: 1 6.80 53.19
Line Length (m) Bearing 2 5.30 52.94
AB 34.09 N 7029’ W 3 8.20 52.73
BC 58.61 S 2628’ E Determine the most probable elevation of B.
CD 7.63 S 6533’ W a. 725.12 m c. 726.33 m
DE 22.18 N 4531’ W b. 725.87 m d. 724.19 m
EA 60.77 N 1000’ E • Probable Error
Determine the correction for the latitude of the length DE using 84. The distance AB is measured three times. The recorded
transit rule. measurements are as follows:
a. 3.15 m (to be added)
b. 3.40 m (to be added) Trial Distance (m)
c. 3.15 m (to be subtracted) 1 72.40
d. 3.40 m (to be subtracted) 2 72.60
3 72.20
75. A closed traverse has the following data:
Find the probable error.
Line Latitude (m)
a. 0.0779 m c. 0.0977 m
AB +15.43
b. 0.0797 m d. 0.0979 m
BC -7.04
CD -28.62 Hydrographic Survey
DE +16.36
85. The areas bounded by the waterline of a reservoir and the contours
EA +4.11 with contour interval of 2 m are as follows: A1 = 10,250 m2, A2 =
Determine the corrected latitude of the line BC using transit rule. 8,350 m2, A3 = 7,750 m2, A4 = 6,900 m2, and A5 = 5,250 m2.
a. -7.04 m c. -7.08 m Calculate the volume of the reservoir by the End Area Method.
b. -7.06 m d. -7.02 m a. 61,500.00 m3 c. 60,666.67 m3
b. 61,666.67 m3 d. 61,333.33 m3
• Compass Rule
86. A hydrographic survey was conducted for the purpose of locating
Situation 12: A closed traverse has the following data: channel depths. The survey party consists of the shore party and
Line Length (m) Bearing the boat party. On the shore, a staff gage was established in a
secured place to such a depth that it will give a definite reading. The
AB 83.07 N 3723’ E
staff reading at the instant the sounding was taken was 8.15 m. The
BC 160.33 S 268’ W depth of the sounding as recorded was found to be 17.60 m. The
CD 58.15 S 5929’ W elevation of the zero mark of the staff gage was 148.20 m. Find the
DA 125.32 N 3011’ E elevation of the point where the sounding was made.
Use compass rule in balancing the traverse. a. 157.65 m c. 130.60 m
b. 140.05 m d. 138.75 m
76. Determine the corrected length of the line BC.
a. 165.15 m c. 159.44 m 87. The areas bounded by the waterline of a lake and the contours 1, 2,
b. 163.93 m d. 157.46 m 3, 4, and 5 are as follows: A1 = 8,200 m2, A2 = 6,680 m2, A3 = 6,200
m2, A4 = 5,520 m2, and A5 = 4,200 m2. If the contour interval is 2 m,
77. Determine the corrected bearing of the line BC. find the volume of water.
a. S 2649’ W c. S 2428’ W a. 49,033.33 m3 c. 49,606.67 m3
b. S 237’ W d. S 2512’ W b. 49,066.67 m3 d. 49,666.67 m3
78. Determine the corrected bearing of the line CD. 88. The areas bounded by the waterline of a lake and the contours with
a. S 5853’ W c. S 5727’ W contour interval of 2 m are as follows: A1 = 8,740 m2, A2 = 8,520 m2,
b. S 5936’ W d. S 6039’ W A3 = 7,860 m2, A4 = 6,200 m2, and A5 = 5,750 m2. Calculate the
volume of the water in the lake by the prismoidal formula.
Errors and Mistakes a. 57,393.33 m3 c. 59,393.33 m3
• Weighted Observations b. 56,393.33 m3 d. 58,393.33 m3
79. The observed interior angles of a triangle and their corresponding Simple Curves
number of observations are as follows: 89. The tangents of a simple curve have bearings of N 7512’ E and S
No. of 7836’ E, respectively. What is the central angle of the curve?
Station Angles a. 2918’ c. 2239’
Measurements
A 39 3 b. 2751’ d. 2612’
B 65 4 90. A 3-degree curve has an angle of intersection of 24. What is the
C 75 2 length of the long chord? Use chord basis.
Determine the corrected angle at station A. a. 158.85 m c. 171.28 m
b. 183.42 m d. 162.46 m
a. 3942’16” c. 3854’21”
b. 3957’31” d. 3918’28” 91. A 3-degree curve has an external distance of 8.53 m. What is the
central angle? Use chord basis.
80. The interior angles of a triangular lot ABC were measured with the
a. 23 c. 25
same precision and are given as follows: A = 5631’50”, B =
b. 24 d. 22
395’18”, and C = 8322’52”. Find the most probable value of angle
C. 92. A circular curve has the following data:
a. 8342’23” c. 8342’32”
Azimuth of back tangent = 205
b. 8343’21” d. 8342’52”
Azimuth of forward tangemt = 262
81. The observed interior angles of a triangle and their corresponding Middle ordinate = 5.80 m
number of observations are as follows:
Find the length of the tangent.
No. of a. 25.99 m c. 22.66 m
Station Angles b. 23.77 m d. 24.88 m
Measurements
A 41 5 93. The perpendicular distance from a point on a simple curve to a
B 68 6 point Q on the tangent at PC is 64 m. If the distance from PC to Q is
C 72 2 260 m, find the radius of the curve.
a. 583.04 m c. 547.13 m
Determine the most probable value of angle C.
b. 529.68 m d. 560.13 m
a. 7120’46” c. 7234’37”
b. 7125’23” d. 7239’14”

4 Dindo F. Esplana
 SURVEYING
CE Review
94. The deflection angles of two intermediate points A and B of a Situation 15: The deflection angles from PC of two intermediate points A
simple curve are 315’ and 815’, respectively, from the PC. If the and B on a simple curve are 315’ and 815’, respectively.
chord distance between A and B is 40 m, find the length of the The length of chord between A and B is 40 m.
curve from PC to B.
111. Find the radius of the simple curve.
a. 59.56 m c. 66.08 m
a. 115.18 m c. 196.30 m
b. 53.29 m d. 74.05 m
b. 202.16 m d. 229.47 m
95. A 4-degree curve has an angle of intersection of 24. What is the
112. Find the length of the curve from PC to A.
length of the long chord? Use chord basis.
a. 26.03 m c. 12.62 m
a. 126.07 m c. 119.12 m
b. 32.64 m d. 33.04 m
b. 130.74 m d. 121.79 m
113. Find the length of the chord from PC to B.
96. From point A on a simple curve, the perpendicular distance to the
a. 58.03 m c. 34.05 m
tangent at point Q is 64 m. The tangent passes through the PC. The
b. 59.76 m d. 65.86 m
distance from Q to PC is 260 m. Find the length of the curve from
PC to point A. 114. The deflection angle of the 20-m chord of a simple curve measures
a. 270.38 m c. 260.13 m 2.65. Find the radius of the curve.
b. 297.85 m d. 248.97 m a. 216.29 m c. 432.46 m
b. 337.68 m d. 108.26 m
97. The point PC of a simple curve having a radius of 800 m is at Sta
27+360. Another point X is located on the curve at Sta 27+460. Compound Curves
Compute the perpendicular offset from the tangent passing through
115. Station PT of a compound curve is at 15+480.14, 1 = 30, 2 = 36,
PC to the given point X.
a. 4.62 m c. 4.26 m D1 = 4, and D2 = 5. What is the stationing of PCC? Use arc basis.
b. 6.42 m d. 6.24 m a. 15+319.63 c. 15+325.28
b. 15+336.14 d. 15+342.50
98. The angle of intersection of the tangents at PC and PT of a simple
curve is 20. If the offset distance from PC to PT is 8 m, what is the 116. A compound curve has the following data: 1 = 28, 2 = 31, D1 =
radius of the curve? 3, and D2 = 4. Find the stationing of PCC. Use Sta P =
a. 109.06 m c. 120.84 m 30+120.50.
b. 115.81 m d. 132.65 m a. 30+110.73 c. 30+114.88
b. 30+118.46 d. 30+106.97
99. A simple curve has a radius of 240 m. The distance from the
intersection of the tangents at PC and PT to the midpoint of the 117. The elements of a compound curve are as follows:
simple curve is 16 m. Find the central angle of the curve. 1 = 18
a. 42.08 c. 44.69 2 = 23.50
b. 38.59 d. 40.73 D1 = 2
100. The tangent of a simple curve from P to PC has a bearing of N 65 D2 = 4
E and the other tangent from P to PT has a bearing of N 55 W. At Sta. P = 42+089.60
a point 150 m from PC along the tangent through PC, the right Find the stationing of P.C. Use arc basis.
angle offset to point D on the curve is 6.20 m. Find the radius of the a. 41+908.38 c. 41+917.23
curve. b. 41+934.92 d. 41+925.19
a. 1,737.04 m c. 1,817.60 m
b. 1,630.88 m d. 1,459.62 m 118. A compound curve has the following data: 1 = 28, 2 = 31, D1 =
3, D2 = 4, and Sta P = 30+120.50. Find the stationing of PCC.
101. The distance from the midpoint of a simple curve to the P is 14.20 Use arc basis.
m. If the radius of the curve is 200 m, find the central angle. a. 30+106.97 c. 30+118.46
a. 40.46 c. 41.96 b. 30+114.88 d. 30+110.72
b. 43.44 d. 44.92
119. The chords of a compound curve from PC to PCC and from PCC to
Situation 13: A 6 simple curve has a central angle of 44. The PT are 130.60 m and 139.16 m, respectively. Its common tangent
stationing of the point of curvature is 13+080. makes an angle of 20 and 36, respectively, with the tangents at
102. Find the distance from the midpoint of the curve to the intersection PC and PT. Determine the length of the long chord of the
of the tangents at PC and PT. compound curve.
a. 15.00 m c. 13.91 m a. 293.81 m c. 261.76 m
b. 14.63 m d. 15.70 m b. 239.81 m d. 216.76 m

103. Find the distance from the midpoint of the curve to the midpoint of 120. The length of the common tangent of a compound curve is 225 m.
the long chord joining the point of curvature and the point of The first curve has a degree of curve D 1 = 3 and a central angle of
tangency. 1 = 24. The second curve has a central angle of 44. Find the
a. 15.70 m c. 15.00 m degree of the second curve. Use arc basis.
b. 13.91 m d. 14.63 m a. 2.91 c. 4.06
b. 3.22 d. 3.79
104. Find the stationing of a point on the curve which intersects with the
line making a deflection angle of 8 with the tangent through the 121. A compound curve has a common tangent 520 m long. The first
PC. curve passing through the PC is a 3 curve with a central angle of
a. 13+177.77 c. 13+188.88 50. Find the radius of the second curve if its central angle is 35.
b. 13+166.67 d. 13+133.33 a. 1.06 c. 1.80
Situation 14: The tangents of a simple curve along the North Diversion b. 2.14 d. 2.64
Road have bearings of N 20 E and N 80 E, respectively. Reversed Curves
The radius of the curve is 200 m.
122. The common tangent BC of a reversed curve is 280.50 m and has a
105. Compute the external distance of the curve. bearing of S4731’E. AB is the tangent of the first curve whose
a. 40.36 m c. 24.44 m bearing is N 7245’ E. CD is a tangent of the second curve whose
b. 28.62 m d. 30.94 m bearing is N 3813’ E. A is at the PC while D is at the PT. The
106. Compute the middle ordinate of the curve. radius of the first curve is 180 m. The P1 is at Sta 12+523.37. Find
a. 21.40 m c. 34.12 m the stationing of the PT.
b. 22.40 m d. 26.79 m a. 12+883.65 c. 12+889.54
b. 12+893.24 d. 12+878.16
107. Compute the stationing of point A on the curve having a deflection
angle of 6 from the PC which is at 1+200.00. 123. The common tangent of a reversed curve is 280.50 m and has an
a. 1+238.96 c. 1+239.42 azimuth of 31229’. BC is a tangent of the first curve whose azimuth
b. 1+241.89 d. 1+242.12 is 25245’. DE is a tangent of the second curve whose azimuth is
21813’. The radius of the first curve is 180 m. P1 is at Sta
108. The deflection angles of two intermediate points A and B of a
16+523.37. B is at PC and E is at PT. What is the stationing of P2?
simple curve are 4 and 12, respectively, from the PC. If the chord
a. 16+754.79 c. 16+774.89
distance from PC to B is 60 m, find the length of the chord from A to
b. 16+764.79 d. 16+784.79
B.
a. 36.27 m c. 40.16 m 124. In a reversed curve, the first curve has a degree of curve D1 = 4
b. 38.92 m d. 33.80 m and a central angle of 1 = 36. If the stationing of PC is 13+284,
109. The distance from the midpoint of a simple curve to the midpoint of find the stationing of PRC.
the chord connecting PC and PT is 8.12 m. Find the radius of the a. 13+371.03 c. 13+435.60
b. 13+399.38 d. 13+464.00
curve if its central angle is 40.
a. 129.58 m c. 120.63 m 125. Two parallel tangents 12 m apart are connected by a reversed
b. 126.52 m d. 134.64 m curve of equal radii. If the length of the chord from PC to PT is 140
m, determine the total length of the reversed curve.
110. The deflection angles from PC of two intermediate points A and B
a. 160.95 m c. 122.39 m
on a simple curve are 315’ and 815’, respectively. If the chord
b. 151.83 m d. 140.17 m
distance from A to B is 40 m, find the length of the curve from PC to
A.
a. 33.90 m c. 26.03 m
b. 28.64 m d. 31.40 m

5 Dindo F. Esplana
 SURVEYING
CE Review
Situation 16: Two parallel roads 40 m apart are to be connected by a Earthworks
reversed curve with equal radii at PC and PT. The length
• Area of Earthwork Cross-sections
of the common tangent is 160 m. The stationing of PC is
14+285. 143. The cross-section notes shown below are for a ground excavation
for a 10-m wide roadway.
126. Find the radius of the reversed curve.
a. 675.42 m c. 580.29 m Station 16+100
b. 602.70 m d. 629.84 m 8.20L 0 13.65R
127. Find the length of the curve from PC to PT. + 2.15 + 3.50 + 5.80
a. 293.26 m c. 304.58 m
b. 318.30 m d. 341.33 m What is the cross-sectional area at Sta 16+100?
a. 64.1125 m2 c. 58.1125 m2
128. Find the stationing of PT. b. 46.1125 m2 d. 52.1125 m2
a. 14+603.30 c. 14+589.58
b. 14+626.33 d. 14+578.26 144. The cross-section notes of an earthwork of an 8-m wide roadway
are shown below.
Spiral Curves
6.70 0 4.75
129. A spiral easement curve has a length of 100 m with a central curve
having a radius of 300 m. Determine the offset distance from the + 1.80 + 1.40 + 0.50
tangent to the second-quarter point of the spiral. Find the area of the cross section.
a. 0.84 m c. 0.69 m a. 16.62 m2 c. 16.26 m2
b. 0.52 m d. 1.04 m b. 12.62 m2 d. 12.26 m2
130. Find the degree of curve of a central simple curve if it has a spiral 145. The cross-section notes of an earthwork of a 10-m wide roadway
curve 100 m long on two sides, on which a car traveling at 75 kph are shown below.
will not skid. Use arc basis. 9.80 0 7.40
a. 7.55 c. 7.02
b. 7.25 d. 6.81 + 2.40 y + 1.20
Situation 17: The tangents of a spiral curve intersect at an angle of 25 The cross section has an area of 31.70 m2 and side slope of 2:1.
at Sta 4+072. The radius of the central curve is 300 m and Find the value of y.
the length of the spiral curve is 52.71 m. a. 2.46 m2 c. 2.73 m2
b. 2.37 m2 d. 2.64 m2
131. Determine the stationing of the point where the spiral starts.
a. 3+911.36 c. 3+937.04 146. The cross-section notes of an earthwork of a 10-m wide roadway
b. 3+962.28 d. 3+979.05 having an area of 33.10 m2 are shown below.
9.80 0 7.40
132. Determine the stationing of the point where the central curve starts.
a. 4+014.99 c. 3+989.75 + 2.40 y + 1.20
b. 4+031.76 d. 3+964.07 Find the value of y.
133. Determine the total length of the curve. a. 2.08 m c. 2.64 m
a. 174.92 m c. 197.16 m b. 2.46 m d. 2.80 m
b. 183.61 m d. 190.88 m Situation 19: The cross section notes of the ground surface at a given
Vertical Parabolic Curves station of a road survey shows that the ground is sloping at
an 8% grade upward to the right. The difference in
• Symmetrical Parabolic Curves elevation between the ground surface and the finished
134. A grade of 6.50% meets a grade of -3.00% at Sta 10+800 whose subgrade at the center line of the proposed road is 2.50 m.
elevation is at 1,560 m. A parabolic curve AB, 400 m long, connects The width of the subgrade is 7 m with side slope of 2H to
the gradelines with A on the back tangent. Find the stationing of A. 1V.
a. 10+300 c. 10+500 147. Find the distance of the right slope stake from the center of the
b. 10+600 d. 10+400 road.
135. A vertical sag parabolic curve has a length of 450 m. Its back a. 8.45 m c. 7.33 m
tangent has a slope of -3.20%. The back and forward tangents b. 9.15 m d. 10.12 m
intersect at a point whose elevation is 156 m. Find the elevation of 148. Find the distance of the left slope stake from the center of the road.
PC. a. 7.33 m c. 9.15 m
a. 160.60 m c. 168.20 m b. 10.12 m d. 8.45 m
b. 163.20 m d. 170.40 m
149. Find the area of the cross section.
136. A vertical parabolic curve has a descending grade of 1.20% which a. 34.85 m2 c. 30.95 m2
meets an ascending grade of 0.60%. If the allowable change in b. 32.35 m2 d. 29.35 m2
grade is 0.18% per 20 m station, find the length of the curve.
a. 150 m c. 250 m • Volume of Earthworks by End Area Method with Prismoidal
b. 200 m d. 300 m Correction
137. The back and forward tangents of a vertical summit parabolic curve 150. Two irregular sections 80 m apart have areas in cut of 26 m2 and 84
480 m long are 4.60% and -2.60%, respectively. If the elevation of m2. The base width is 8 m and the side slope is 1:1. Find the
its summit is 235 m, find the elevation of PT. corrected volume of cut between the two stations using the
a. 232.75 m c. 227.06 m prismoidal correction formula.
b. 229.13 m d. 224.94 m a. 4,252.2 m3 c. 4,241.5 m3
b. 4,234.8 m3 d. 4,263.4 m3
138. A downgrade of 3.20% meets a rising grade of 4.60% at Sta
73+180 where the elevation is 998 m. A sag curve, 440 m long, 151. The areas in cut of two irregular sections 70 m apart are 26 m 2 and
connects the gradelines from A at the downgrade to B at the 84 m2. The base width is 8 m and the side slope is 1:1. Using the
upgrade. Find the elevation of B. prismoidal correction formula, find the corrected volume of cut
a. 1,008.12 m c. 1,018.24 m between the two stations.
b. 1,012.08 m d. 1,005.04 m a. 3,705.50 m3 c. 3,720.82 m3
b. 3,715.24 m3 d. 3,710.47 m3
139. A downgrade of 3.20% meets an upgrade of 4.60% at Sta 73+180
where the elevation is 998 m. A parabolic curve AB, 440 m long, 152. Two irregular sections 60 m apart have areas in cut of 32 m2 and 68
connects the gradelines from A at the downgrade to B at the m2. The base width is 8 m and the side slope is 1:1. Find the
upgrade. Find the stationing of B. corrected volume of cut between the two stations using the
a. Sta 73+300 c. Sta 73+520 prismoidal correction formula.
b. Sta 73+400 d. Sta 73+620 a. 2,924.74 m3 c. 3,075.26 m3
b. 3,050.04 m3 d. 2,929.96 m3
Situation 18: A vertical parabolic curve is to connect a back tangent of -
2% and a forward tangent of +3%. The change of grade is Situation 20: Topographic survey conducted by SALCON shows that the
0.20% per 20 m station. The stationing of PC is 15+428 centerline of a proposed road cross section crosses a
with an elevation of 100 m. small valley between station 10+022 (elevation 123.00 m)
and station 10+060 (elevation 122.50 m). The stationing at
140. Find the length of the parabolic curve. the bottom of the valley is 10+037 (elevation 111.20 m).
a. 600 m c. 300 m The grade line of the proposed road passes the ground
b. 500 m d. 400 m points at the edges of the valley (station 10+022) and
141. Find the stationing of PT. (10+060) and the section at any of these stations are three
a. 15+828 c. 15+728 level sections. Width of road base is 10 m with sideslope of
b. 16+028 d. 15+928 2:1. Assume that the sides of the valley slope directly to
the lowest point from the edges.
142. Find the elevation of PT.
a. 102.50 m c. 103.00 m 153. Find the cross sectional area of fill at station 10+037.
b. 102.00 m d. 101.50 m a. 330.45 m2 c. 425.30 m2
b. 385.27 m2 d. 350.62 m2
154. Compute the volume of fill from station (10+022) to (10+037).
a. 2,241.15 m3 c. 2,583.27 m3
b. 3,639.76 m3 d. 2,889.50 m3

6 Dindo F. Esplana
 SURVEYING
CE Review
155. Compute the volume of fill from station (10+037) to (10+060). Situation 23: The center height of the road at station 5+280 is 4.50 m cut
a. 4,025.43 m3 c. 3,844.06 m3 while at station 5+400 is 2.40 m fill. From station 5+280 to
b. 5,841.84 m3 d. 4,430.57 m3 5+400, the ground makes a uniform slope of -5%.
Situation 21: The cross-section notes shown below are for a ground 170. Find the grade of the finished road.
excavation for an 8-m wide roadway. a. 0.75% c. 2.50%
b. 1.50% d. 1.25%
Station 32+300
6.25 0 4.75 171. Find the length of the fill.
a. 45.22 m c. 41.74 m
+ 2.25 + 2.20 + 0.75 b. 49.31 m d. 36.72 m
Station 32+420 172. At what station will the fill extend?
7.20 0 5.25 a. 5+350.69 c. 5+363.28
b. 5+358.26 d. 5+354.78
+ 3.20 + 0.75 + 1.25
Borrow Pits
156. Find the area of the cross section at Sta 32+300.
173. A 90 m by 90 m lot is to be divided into 9 equal square sections.
a. 15.39 m2 c. 18.10 m2
The elevations of the ground surface at each corner of the square
b. 13.57 m2 d. 17.06 m2
section are as follows:
157. Find the area of the cross section at Sta 32+420.
A = 8.40 m E = 8.29 m I = 8.33 m M = 8.11 m
a. 17.06 m2 c. 15.39 m2
b. 18.10 m2 d. 13.57 m2 B = 7.69 m F = 7.90 m J = 8.24 m N = 7.36 m
C = 7.13 m G = 7.19 m K = 7.16 m O = 6.91 m
158. Find the volume of excavation. D = 5.96 m H = 6.22 m L = 7.52 m P = 6.02 m
a. 1,921.15 m3 c. 1,879.10 m3
b. 1,940.24 m3 d. 1,982.29 m3 Find the volume to be excavated if the ground surface is to be
leveled to elevation 5 m.
• Road Excavation with Cut and Fill a. 22,845.25 m3 c. 23,085.50 m3
159. The ground makes a uniform slope of 4.80% from Sta 12+180 to b. 21,613.75 m3 d. 20,103.75 m3
Sta 12+240. At Sta 12+180, the center height of the roadway is 174. A 75 m by 75 m lot is to be divided into 9 equal square sections.
1.20 m fill. At the other station, the center height is 2.50 m cut. Find The elevations of the ground surface at each corner of the square
the grade of the finished road. section are as follows:
a. -4.15% c. -1.37%
b. -2.48% d. -3.26% A = 19.60 m E = 20.70 m  = 22.90 m M = 18.80 m
B = 17.30 m F = 21.50 m J = 24.20 m N = 25.20 m
160. From station A with center height of 1.40 m in fill, the ground line
C = 22.10 m G = 16.50 m K = 23.60 m O = 16.40 m
makes a uniform slope of 5% to station B whose center height is
D = 25.00 m H = 19.40 m L = 19.70 m P = 13.00 m
2.80 m in cut. Assuming both sections to be level sections having a
width of roadway of 10 m and side slope of 2:1 for both cut and fill, Find the volume to be excavated if the ground surface is to be
compute the cross-sectional area of fill 8 m from station A. The leveled to elevation 5 m.
distance from station A to station B is 60 m. a. 88,593.75 m3 c. 92,088.11 m3
a. 9.81 m2 c. 9.18 m2 b. 82,175.49 m3 d. 97,363.20 m3
b. 9.73 m2 d. 9.37 m2
Mine Surveying
161. The ground makes a uniform slope of 4.80% from Sta 14 + 086 to
Sta 14 + 182. At Sta 14 + 086, the center height of the road is 4.88 175. A vein has a strike of N 1015’ W and a dip of 4340’ W. What will
m fill. At the other station is 2.80 m cut. How long is the excavation? be the bearing of a drift in the vein having a grade of 2%?
a. 32 m c. 42 m a. N 1253’ W c. N 737’ W
b. 39 m d. 35 m b. N 93’ W d. N 1127’ W
162. The ground line makes a uniform grade of -5% from Sta 16+080 to Situation 24: The centerline of a mine tunnel runs through A and B, each
Sta 16+140. At Sta 16+080, the center height of the proposed 5,250 ft in altitude, a mile distant. The tunnel bears S 70 E
roadway is 1.80 m cut. At Sta 16+140, the center height is 3.36 m from A. On the other side of the hill, 3,787 ft N 77 E of A is
fill. Compute the grade of the proposed roadway. a point C at 7,140 ft altitude.
a. 3.60% c. 2.80%
176. Determine the true length of the shortest possible tunnel from C to
b. 5.40% d. 4.20%
AB.
163. The longitudinal ground profile and grade line shows that the length a. 2,601.26 ft c. 3,281.66 ft
of cut is 540 m while the length of fill is 760 m. The width of the b. 1,787.32 ft d. 2,155.72 ft
roadway is 10 m for both cut and fill. The profile areas between the
177. Determine the dip of the shortest possible tunnel from C to AB.
ground line and the grade line are 4,800 m 2 for cut and 5,292 m2 for
a. 3344’ c. 4636’
fill. Find the difference between the volumes of cut and fill if the side
b. 4433’ d. 3646’
slopes are 1.50:1 for cut and 2:1 for fill.
a. 21,938.16 m3 c. 18,298.04 m3 178. Determine the bearing of the shortest possible tunnel from C to AB.
b. 14,618.79 m3 d. 16,232.77 m3 a. S 20 W c. S 16 W
164. From station A with center height of 1.40 m in fill, the ground line b. S 25 W d. S 18 W
makes a uniform slope of 5% to station B whose center height is
2.80 m in cut. If the distance from station A to station B is 60 m, find
the grade of the finished roadway.
a. 3% c. 2.50%
b. 2% d. 4%
165. From station 36+280 with center height of 1.40 m in fill, the ground
makes a uniform slope of 5% to station 36+340 whose center
height is 2.80 m in cut. How far from station 36+280 will the fill
extend?
a. 20 m c. 21 m
b. 24 m d. 28 m
166. The center height of the road at Sta 5+320 is 4.25 m cut. At Sta
5+420 it is 1.80 m fill. The ground slopes uniformly at -5% from Sta
5+320 to Sta 5+420. How far from Sta 5+320 towards Sta 5+420
will the excavation extend?
a. 68.35 m c. 70.25 m
b. 62.19 m d. 65.70 m
Situation 22: The center height of the road at station 7+480 is 2 m fill
while at station 7+530 is 1.20 m cut. From station 7+480 to
7+530, the ground makes a uniform slope of +4.80%.
167. Determine the slope of the new road.
a. 1.80% c. 1.20%
b. 1.60% d. 1.50%
168. How far from station 7+480 will the fill extend?
a. 31.25 m c. 26.25 m
b. 29.75 m d. 28.75 m
169. Determine the stationing of the point where the fill is extended?
a. 7+506.25 c. 7+508.75
b. 7+509.75 d. 7+511.25

7 Dindo F. Esplana