Physical and Chemical Changes

VII Science
Chapter 6
Physical and chemical change
Value: Every action leads to certain outcome.
1. Tick (√) the correct option.

a. Change in state of a matter is a _______ change.
i. Physical ii. Reversible
iii. Both (i) and (ii) iv. Neither i nor ii
Answer: Both (i) and (ii)
b. The reaction between iron and copper sulphate to produce iron
sulphate and copper is
a ______________reaction.
i. Displacement ii. Neutralisation
iii. Crystallisation iv. Rusting
Answer: Displacement
c. Which of the following is not a physical change?
i. Cooking ii. Crystallisation
iii. Melting iv. Freezing
Answer: Cooking
d. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

i. Most chemical changes are irreversible.
ii.The identity of a substance remains unchanged in physical
changes.
iii.The identity of a substance changes in chemical changes.
iv.Most physical changes are irreversible.
Answer: Most physical changes are irreversible.
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2. Fill in the blanks with the words given in the brackets.

a. Rusting of iron is a chemical change. (physical/chemical)
b.In a neutralisation reaction salt and water is
produced.(displacement/ neutralisation)
c. Excess of hydrochloric acid in the stomach leads to acidity.
(hydrochloric/nitric)
d. The process of coating iron articles with zinc is known as
galvanisation. (zinc/copper)
3. State whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F).
a. Rusting of iron can be prevented by galvanisation. (True)
b. Vinegar is acidic in nature. (True)
c. In a displacement reaction, the less reactive metal replaces the
more reactive metal. (False)
d. Magnesium hydroxide is an antacid. (True)
e. Iron and rust are the same substances. (False)
4. Match the following. Column A Column B

Column A Column B
a. Burning of paper (Fast i. Reversible physical change
chemical change)
b. Formation of manure from ii. Fast chemical change
leaves (Slow chemical change)
c. Melting of ice (Reversible iii. Irreversible physical
physical change) change
d. Shredding of paper iv. Slow chemical change
(Irreversible physical change)

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5. Answer the following questions in one word or a sentence.

a. What is rust?
Answer: A reddish-brown layer of iron oxide forms on iron articles
which are exposed to air and moisture for a period of time. This
reddish-brown layer is known as rust.
b. State the conditions necessary for rusting of iron.
Answer: Air and moisture are both necessary for rusting.
c. Give two examples of antacids.
Answer: Magnesium hydroxide (milk of magnesia), aluminium
hydroxide, sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate.
d. Give one example of a chemical change in which a change in
colour is observed.
Answer: Cut fruits and vegetables get blackened when they are left
exposed to air.
6. Answer the following questions in brief.

a. Distinguish between physical and chemical changes.
Answer: A change in which a substance undergoes a change in its
physical properties without the formation of a new substance is
called a physical change while a change in which a new substance
or substances are formed with different physical and chemical
properties from the original substance is known as a chemical
change.
b. Define the following.
i. Chemical equations: Chemical changes, also called as chemical
reactions, are represented in the form of an equation known as a
chemical equation.
ii. Reactants: The original substances that take part in a chemical
reaction and change into new substances are known as reactants.

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iii. Crystallisation: The process of formation of crystals from their

solution is known as crystallisation.
c. Give reasons.
i. Boiling of water is a physical change whereas the boiling of an
egg is a chemical change.
Answer: Boiling of water is a physical change as it does not change
the molecular structure of water. Boiling an egg is a chemical
reaction as the heat taken in by the egg causes permanent changes
to the molecular structure of the egg, making it a new product.
ii. Iron coated with paint or grease does not rust.
Answer: Rusting can also be prevented by applying oil, grease or
paint on the iron surface as it prevents the direct exposure of iron
to moisture and air and thus prevents rusting.
7. Answer the following questions in detail.

a. Explain the process of neutralisation with an example.
Answer: Neutralisation is the reaction in which an acid and a base
react with each other to form salt and water.
Example: HCl + NaOH- NaCl + H2O
b. What are physical and chemical properties?
Answer: Physical property: A physical property is a characteristic
of matter that is not associated with a change in its chemical
composition. Examples include physical state, size, shape, color,
density, hardness, electrical conductivity, melting and boiling
points.
Chemical Property: A chemical property of a substance is a
property that is observed during a reaction in which the chemical
composition or identity of the substance is changed.

VII Science
Combustibility, reactivity, flammability are few examples of

chemical properties.
c. Explain the function of antacids.
Antacids are weak bases which neutralise the hydrochloric acid
which is present in the stomach of a person and the person gets
relief from acidity. Magnesium hydroxide (milk of magnesia),
aluminium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate are
common bases used as antacids.
8. Diagram based question.
Copper sulphate
a. What colour change will you observe in the beaker shown in

the diagram when an iron nail is placed in it?
Answer: The colour will change to green.
b. What type of reaction takes place in the beaker when the iron
nail is placed in it?
Answer: Displacement reaction
9. Practical Based Question.

a. Why are bubbles formed when lemon is added to baking soda?
Identify the type of reaction.
Answer: The sodium bicarbonate of the baking soda reacts with the
citric acid in lemon juice to
form carbon dioxide gas thus forming gas bubbles.

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10. Value based question.

Rahul ate spicy food for dinner. At midnight he started complaining
of severe stomach pain. His mother gave him some antacids. After
some time, Rahul started feeling better.
a. Why did Rahul start feeling better after taking the antacids?
Answer: Our stomach produces hydrochloric acid for the digestion
of food. Sometimes the acids are produced in excess and they
cause acidity. Antacids are used to treat acidity. Antacids are weak
bases which neutralise the hydrochloric acid and the person gets
relief from acidity.
b.What values were shown by Rahul’s mother?
Answer: Caring, knowledgeable.
11.HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills)
a.Do physical and chemical changes take place simultaneously?

Justify your answer with an example.
Answer: A change chemical and physical can occur simultaneously

in nature. For example, burning of a candle, it will burn down the
wax changing the physical state of the candle and the combustion
process will fall into the category of chemical change. Another
example is digestion as physical food is chewed which change the
shape of it and the whole process is a chemical cycle.
b.What will you observe when a copper wire is placed in an iron

sulphate solution? Why?
Answer: When a piece of copper is placed in iron sulphate solution

then no change will be observed. This is because copper is less
reactive than iron, therefore, unable to displace it from its solution.

Physical and Chemical Changes

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VII Science

1. Tick (√) the correct option.

d. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

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2. Fill in the blanks with the words given in the brackets.

b. Vinegar is acidic in nature. (True)

c. In a displacement reaction, the less reactive metal replaces the

more reactive metal. (False)

d. Magnesium hydroxide is an antacid. (True)

e. Iron and rust are the same substances. (False)

4. Match the following. Column A Column B

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5. Answer the following questions in one word or a sentence.

6. Answer the following questions in brief.

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iii. Crystallisation: The process of formation of crystals from their

7. Answer the following questions in detail.

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Combustibility, reactivity, flammability are few examples of

a. What colour change will you observe in the beaker shown in

9. Practical Based Question.

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10. Value based question.

11.HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills)

a.Do physical and chemical changes take place simultaneously?

Answer: A change chemical and physical can occur simultaneously

b.What will you observe when a copper wire is placed in an iron

Answer: When a piece of copper is placed in iron sulphate solution

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