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MAST10006 Calculus 2
Assignment 3, Semester 1 2022
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Submission deadline: Monday, 4 April, 12pm (noon) (Melbourne time)

This assignment consists of 5 pages (including this page)
This assignment contributes 2.22% to your final MAST10006 grade

Instructions

• Answer all questions. One of the questions in the assignment will be chosen for marking.
Question 1 was chosen for this assignment
• Marks may be awarded for:

– Correct use of appropriate mathematical techniques

– Accuracy and validity of any calculations or algebraic manipulations
– Clear justification or explanation of techniques and rules used
– Use of correct mathematical notation and terminology

• When evaluating limits, explicitly state if you use the Sandwich Theorem, l’Hôpital’s Rule,
limit laws, continuity or standard limits in your answers.

• In your assignments, pay particular attention to communicating how you obtained your
answers.

• You must use methods taught in MAST10006 Calculus 2 to solve the assignment questions.

• Writing your assignment. You can either:

(1) print the assignment single-sided, and write your answers in the boxes provided.
(2) write your answers directly into the boxes provided using a tablet and stylus.
(3) write your answers on 5 blank A4 pages. The first page should contain only your
name, student number, subject code and subject name. Write your answer to ques-
tion 1 on pages 2 and 3, and your answer to question 2 on pages 4 and 5.

If you need more space, you can use additional blank pages after page 5. Note this on the
relevant page(s) or answer box(es) so that the marker knows.

• Scanning your assignment. If you used options 1 or 3 above, you need to scan your
work into a single PDF file. Put the pages in order and the correct way up. Use a scanning
app to scan all pages (including this cover page) into a single PDF file. If your pages are
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PDF file is readable. If we can’t read your work, we can’t mark it!

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c University of Melbourne 2022 Page 1 of 5 pages sample solutions

 MAST10006 Calculus 2 Assignment 3 Semester 1, 2022

Question 1 is marked out of 11

Question 1
Let f : R ! R be a function that satisfies
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0  f (x)  x

for all x 0.

(a) Show that the series

1

③
X
cosh(f (n))
n=1
diverges regardless of the rule for f .

Since cosh(x) 1 for all x 2 R, we see that cosh(f (n)) 1 for all n 2 N.

Therefore cosh(f (n)) cannot get arbitrarily close to zero, so does not converge to
zero.

By the divergence test, the series

1
X
cosh(f (n))
n=1
1M: Using cosh(x) is greater than or equal to 1.
diverges.
1J: Stating the limit of the terms is non-zero

1J: State use of “divergence test”

(b) Show that the series

1
X
④
f (n)
2n3 1
n=1
converges regardless of the rule for f .

We use the comparison test.

f (n)
Because f (x) 0 for all x, we know that n3 1
0 so the terms are non-negative.
Then 1J: State that terms are positive.

f (n) n

{
 3 1M: Using the comparison test
2n 3 1 2n 1 with the correct direction of
1J: Correct sequence of n inequalities.
= 3
*
inequalities for all positive n 2n n3
(or range specified). 1
= 2
n
X1
1
is a harmonic p-series with p = 2 so converges.
n2
n=1 1J: Justify why test series converges
X1
f (n)
By the comparison test, converges.
n3
n=1

Page 2 of 5 pages
 MAST10006 Calculus 2 Assignment 3 Semester 1, 2022

(c) Give a specific example of a rule for the function f such that the series

③ 1
X
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f (n)
n2
n=1

does not converge. You must justify your answer.

The answer is not unique.

Any correct example with correct explanation is acceptable.

One of the simplest examples is f (x) = ax for some a 2 (0, 1].

Then 0  ax  x, so f is an example of a function satisfying 0  f (x) JC
1. for ,
Kbo .

^
Also, for x2 0
X1 1 1
f (n) X an X a
= =
n2 n n
n=1 n=1 n=1

So the series is a multiple of a harmonic p-series with p = 1 so diverges.

1M: A specific example of a rule for f is given, that satisfies 0-44<-18 (can be in terms of x or n)

1J: An explicit statement or check that Of fcx ) E 2C for all k>0

Note that this condition needs to be stated and checked for all non-negative real numbers.
If f is linear (like in the sample solution), a statement of the inequality is enough. If f is more
complicated, then a reason should be provided for why f satisfies the inequality.

1J: A correct reason for why the series diverges (eg. is a divergent harmonic series)
If a more complicated example f is chosen, then a correct series test for
convergence would be required

0 1N : Notation correctly used throughout question 1

Page 3 of 5 pages
 MAST10006 Calculus 2 Assignment 3 Semester 1, 2022
Question 2 was not marked. Important points are highlighted and some comments made for self evaluation.
Watch the feedback video for feedback on question 2
Question 2 Let g : R ! R be given by g(x) = 2sech2 (x) + tanh(x).
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(a) Find the axis intercepts and co-ordinates of the stationary points of the graph of y = g(x),
if any.
Give your answers as exact values simplified when possible, and optionally (but recom-
mended) also as decimals rounded to 3 decimal places.

y-intercept: Sub x = 0, y = g(0) = 2sech2 (0) + tanh(0) = 2

x-intercepts: Solve g(x) = 0.

2sech2 (x) + tanh(x) = 0

=) 2 + sinh(x) cosh(x) = 0
1
=) sinh(2x) = 2
2
=) sinh(2x) = 4
1 1 ⇣ p ⌘
=) x = arcsinh(4) = log 4 + 5
2 2
A response in either form is acceptable as an
exact value.

For the stationary points: solve g 0 (x) = 0.

4 sinh(x)
g 0 (x) = + sech2 (x)
cosh3 (x)
= 2 tanh(x)sech2 (x) + sech2 (x)
= sech2 (x)( 4 tanh(x) + 1)

Since sech(x) > 0, g 0 (x) = 0 when

✓ ◆ ✓ ◆
1 1 5
4 tanh(x) + 1 = 0 =) x = arctanh = log
4 2 3
A response in either form is acceptable as an
For the y-value, exact value.
✓ ✓ ◆◆ ✓ ✓ ◆◆
1 2 1 1
g arctanh = 2sech arctanh +
4 4 4
1 1
= (2(1 )+ This uses a hyperbolic identity
16 4 1 - tanh^2(x) = sech^2(x)
17
=
8
So the stationary point is (arctanh(1/4), 17/8).
Make sure you found the stationary point (x,y) value

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 MAST10006 Calculus 2 Assignment 3 Semester 1, 2022

(b) Find lim g(x) and lim g(x).

x!1 x! 1
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!
2 ex e x
lim g(x) = lim 1 x + x Make sure you don’t use limits laws
x!1 x!1 ( 2 (e + e x ))2 e +e x until each individual limit exists.
✓ x 2x
◆
8/e 1 e
= lim 2x 2
+
x!1 (1 + e ) 1 + e 2x
= 1 limit laws and standard limit rx ! 0 as x ! 1 for |r| < 1

!
2 ex e x
lim g(x) = lim g( x) = lim 1 x x + ex
x 2
+
x! 1 x!1 x!1 ( 2 (e + e )) e
✓ ◆
8/e x e 2x 1
= lim +
x!1 (e 2x + 1)2 e 2x + 1
= 1 limit laws and standard limit rx ! 0 as x ! 1 for |r| < 1

(c) Hence sketch by hand the graph of y = g(x). Label all axes and intercepts, asymptotes
and stationary points, if any, with their exact values.

2 °

°jqea@

6-r
0

Your graph should be hand drawn. It might have

been helpful to calculate decimal approximations for
the x-intercept and stationary point, to get the right
End of Assignment scale for the graph.

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