Stats Year 1 – Chapter 3 – Histogram Supplementary Questions

Test Your Understanding [May 2012 Q5]

A policeman records the speed of the traffic on a busy road with a 30 mph speed limit.
He records the speeds of a sample of 450 cars. The histogram in Figure 2 represents the
results.

(a) Calculate the number of cars that were exceeding the speed limit by at least 5 mph in the
sample. (4)
(b) Estimate the value of the mean speed of the cars in the sample. (3)
(c) Estimate, to 1 decimal place, the value of the median speed of the cars in the sample.(2)
(d) Comment on the shape of the distribution. Give a reason for your answer. (2)
(e) State, with a reason, whether the estimate of the mean or the median is a better
representation of the average speed of the traffic on the road. (2)

Test Your Understanding. [Jan 2012 Q1] The histogram in Figure 1

shows the time, to the nearest minute, that a random sample of
100 motorists were delayed by roadworks on a stretch of
motorway.

(a) Complete the table.

Delay (minutes) Number of motorists

4–6 6
7–8
9 21
10 – 12 45
13 – 15 9
16 – 20
(2)
(b) Estimate the number of motorists who were delayed between
8.5 and 13.5 minutes by the roadworks. (2)
Test Your Understanding. [May 2009 Q3] The variable x was measured to the nearest whole
number. Forty observations are given in the table below.
x 10 – 15 16 – 18 19 –
Frequency 15 9 16

A histogram was drawn and the bar representing the 10 – 15 class has a width of 2 cm and a
height of 5 cm. For the 16 – 18 class find
(a) the width, (1)
(b) the height (2)
of the bar representing this class.

1. [Jan 2008 Q3] The histogram in Figure 1 shows the time taken, to the nearest minute, for
140 runners to complete a fun run.

Use the histogram to calculate the number of runners who took between 78.5 and 90.5
minutes to complete the fun run. (5)

2. [June 2005 Q2] The following table summarises the distances, to the nearest km, that 134
examiners travelled to attend a meeting in London.

Distance (km) Number of examiners

41–45 4
46–50 19
51–60 53
61–70 37
71–90 15
91–150 6

(a) Give a reason to justify the use of a histogram to represent these data.
(1)
(b) Calculate the frequency densities needed to draw a histogram for these data.
(DO NOT DRAW THE HISTOGRAM)
(2)
3. [May 2013 (R) Q3] An agriculturalist is studying the yields, y kg, from tomato plants. The
data from a random sample of 70 tomato plants are summarised below.

Yield ( y kg) Frequency (f ) Yield midpoint (x kg)

0≤y<5 16 2.5
5 ≤ y < 10 24 7.5
10 ≤ y < 15 14 12.5
15 ≤ y < 25 12 20
25 ≤ y < 35 4 30
2
(You may use  = 755 and 
fx fx
= 12 037.5)

A histogram has been drawn to represent these data.

The bar representing the yield 5 ≤ y < 10 has a width of 1.5 cm and a height of 8 cm.
(a) Calculate the width and the height of the bar representing the yield 15 ≤ y < 25. (3)
(b) Use linear interpolation to estimate the median yield of the tomato plants. (2)
(c) Estimate the mean and the standard deviation of the yields of the tomato plants. (4)
(d) Describe, giving a reason, the skewness of the data. (2)
(Part (e) omitted as based on later chapter)

4. [June 2007 Q5]

Figure 2 shows a histogram for the variable t which represents the time taken, in minutes, by
a group of people to swim 500 m.
(a) Copy and complete the frequency table for t.
t 5 – 10 10 – 14 14 – 18 18 – 25 25 – 40

Frequency 10 16 24
(2)
(b) Estimate the number of people who took longer than 20 minutes to swim 500 m. (2)
(c) Find an estimate of the mean time taken. (4)
(d) Find an estimate for the standard deviation of t. (3)
(e) Find the median and quartiles for t. (4)
3(mean−median )
One measure of skewness is found using standard deviation .
(f) Evaluate this measure and describe the skewness of these data. (2)
5. [Jan 2013 Q5] A survey of 100 households gave the following results for weekly income £y.
Income y (£) Mid-point Frequency f
0  y < 200 100 12
200  y < 240 220 28
240  y < 320 280 22
320  y < 400 360 18
400  y < 600 500 12
600  y < 800 700 8
(You may use  fy = 12 452 800)
2

A histogram was drawn and the class 200  y < 240 was represented by a rectangle of width
2 cm and height 7 cm.
(a)Calculate the width and the height of the rectangle representing the class 320  y < 400 (3)
(b) Use linear interpolation to estimate the median weekly income to the nearest pound. (2)
(c) Estimate the mean and the standard deviation of the weekly income for these data. (4)
3(mean−median )
One measure of skewness is standard deviation .
(d) Use this measure to calculate the skewness for these data and describe its value. (2)

6. [May 2010 Q5] A teacher selects a random sample of 56 students and records, to the nearest
hour, the time spent watching television in a particular week.
Hours 1–10 11–20 21–25 26–30 31–40 41–59
Frequency 6 15 11 13 8 3
Mid-point 5.5 15.5 28 50
(a) Find the mid-points of the 21−25 hour and 31−40 hour groups. (2)

A histogram was drawn to represent these data. The 11−20 group was represented by a bar of
width 4 cm and height 6 cm.
(b) Find the width and height of the 26−30 group. (3)
(c) Estimate the mean and standard deviation of the time spent watching television by these
students. (5)
(d) Use linear interpolation to estimate the median length of time spent watching television
by these students. (2)

The teacher estimated the lower quartile and the upper quartile of the time spent watching
television to be 15.8 and 29.3 respectively.
(e) State, giving a reason, the skewness of these data. (2)

7. [Jan 2009 Q5] In a shopping survey a random sample of 104 teenagers were asked how
many hours, to the nearest hour, they spent shopping in the last month. The results are
summarised in the table below.
Number of hours Mid-point Frequency
0–5 2.75 20
6–7 6.5 16
8 – 10 9 18
11 – 15 13 25
16 – 25 20.5 15
26 – 50 38 10
A histogram was drawn and the group (8 – 10) hours was represented by a rectangle that was
1.5 cm wide and 3 cm high.
(a) Calculate the width and height of the rectangle representing the group (16 – 25) hours.(3)
(b) Use linear interpolation to estimate the median and interquartile range. (5)
(c) Estimate the mean and standard deviation of the number of hours spent shopping. (4)
(d) State, giving a reason, the skewness of these data. (2)
(e) State, giving a reason, which average and measure of dispersion you would recommend
to use to summarise these data. (2)