GETTING STARTED WITH PCB DESIGN

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................................... 3

THE DESIGN.............................................................................................................................................. 3

CREATING THE PCB PROJECT...............................................................................................................3

ADDING A SCHEMATIC TO THE PROJECT.........................................................................................4

SETTING SCHEMATIC PREFERENCES...................................................................................................5

PLACING THE COMPONENTS ON THE SCHEMATIC........................................................................6

Placing the Resistors......................................................................................................................................................................8

Placing the Capacitors....................................................................................................................................................................9

Placing the Connector..................................................................................................................................................................10

MAKING CIRCUIT CONNECTIONS.....................................................................................................11

NETS AND NET LABELS........................................................................................................................12

COMPILING AND VALIDATING THE SCHEMATIC..........................................................................13

ADDING A PCB TO THE PROJECT......................................................................................................13

TRANSFERRING THE SCHEMATIC TO THE PCB..............................................................................14

PLACING COMPONENTS ON THE PCB.............................................................................................14

DEFINING AND MANAGING DESIGN RULES...................................................................................15

Manually Creating a New Design Rule......................................................................................................................................16

Modify a Design Rule...................................................................................................................................................................16

Using the Design Rule Wizard....................................................................................................................................................17

CONFIGURING THE DESIGN RULES CHECKER................................................................................20

INTERACTIVELY ROUTING THE BOARD...........................................................................................21

TRACE MODIFICATION AND REROUTING.......................................................................................23

AUTOMATICALLY ROUTING THE BOARD........................................................................................25

PCB DESIGN RULE VERIFICATION.....................................................................................................26

VIEWING THE PCB IN 3D.....................................................................................................................27

GENERATING FABRICATION OUTPUT FILES...................................................................................28

CONCLUSION.......................................................................................................................................... 29

www.altium.com Album.
 GETTING STARTED WITH PCB DESIGN
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File View Project Window Help

New ► Project ► PCB Project
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Draftsman and generating the outputs required for board fabrication.
Project...
Open Design Workspace... CAM Document
This tutorial is based on an astable multivibrator design. New users of Altium software may find value in reading the article
Exploring
Check Out... Altium Designer for anJob
gl Output explanation
File of the interface, information on how to use panels, and guidelines for
managing
Save Project Component...
design documents.

THE DESIGN
The design that will be captured and implemented as a printed circuit board (PCB) is a simple astable multivibrator. The circuit
is shown below; it uses two 2N3904 transistors configured as a self running astable multivibrator.

Capturing (drawing) the schematic is the first step of the tutorial, but first a project must be created.

CREATING THE PCB PROJECT

The PCB project is the set of design documents (files) required to specify and manufacture a printed circuit board. More
information about managing and creating Altium projects can be found here.
1. Create a New PCB Project. File » New » Project » PCB Project.

2. Use File » Save Project As... to save the new project. Choose or create the project directory and save the project with
the name Multivibrator.

Create a New PCB Project

www.altium.com Aliium. 3
 GETTING
^ Workspace .DsrWrk
STARTED WITH
J MultiVibrator.PijPcb
PCB
f- No DESIGN
Documents Ade Compile PCB Project MuftiVibrator.PrjPcb

Ad d N ew to P roj ect ► H Schematic

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Save Project pi ActiveBOM Document

Convert to Managed Project... Draftsman Document

Save Project As... i Schematic Library

Make Active Project -fc PCB Library

Create a New Schematic Sheet for the Circuit

Projects Panel

ADDING A SCHEMATIC TO THE PROJECT

1. Right-Click on Multivibrator.PrjPcb and select Add New to Project » Schematic.

Schematic Sheet in Projects Panel

1. To save the new schematic sheet, select File » Save As or select . Type the name Multivibrator in the File Name
field and click Save. (The file extension *.SchDoc is automatically added).

www.altium.com Aliium. 4
GETTING STARTED WITH PCB DESIGN

When the blank schematic sheet opens, the main menu bar and related buttons change in context for schematic entry
displaying the Active Bar in the workspace. The Active Bar is displayed in all document editors in Altium Designer and
provides placement controls for PCB, schematic, Draftsman, and library objects at your fingertips. Also, you can customize
many aspects of the workspace including repositioning and customization of panels and toolbars.

Schematic Document Active Bar

Active Bar icons which have a triangle in the lower right allow you to right-click on them to select different objects for
placement:

Bus Entry on Schematic Document Active Bar

SETTING SCHEMATIC PREFERENCES

Before composing the circuit, set up the appropriate document options by completing the following steps:

1. Set the sheet size to Letter as shown in the following guide:

Setting Page Size in the Preferences Panel

To make the document fill the viewing area, select View » Fit Document (shortcut: V, D).

Save the schematic by clicking e or selecting File » Save (shortcut: F, S).

www.altium.com Aliium. 5
GETTING STARTED WITH PCB DESIGN

You can activate any menu by pressing the menu accelerator key (the underlined letter in the menu name). Subsequent
menu items will also have accelerator keys that you can use to select that item.
For example, the shortcut for selecting the View » Fit Document menu item is to press the V key followed by the D key.
Additionally, many sub-menus, such as the Select menu (in the Edit menu), can be called directly. For example, to
activate
the Edit » Select » Touching Line command, you need only press the S key (to call up the Select menu directly)
followed

PLACING THE COMPONENTS ON THE SCHEMATIC

Refer to the rough schematic sketch above for the general layout of the circuit, and place 2N3904 transistors Q1 and Q2.

1. Display the Libraries panel by clicking the Panels button at the bottom right of the software, and select Libraries.

Differences

Explorer

Libraries
Messages '

Navigator

Output

Part Search

Projects

Properties

SCH Filter

SCH List

Snippets

Storage Manager
Panels

Opening the Libraries Panels

2. Find the 2N3904 transistor in the panel by either scrolling through the component list or by using the search button.

3. Click on the 2N3904 entry, then click the Place button. The cursor will change to a cross hair and you will have an
outlined
version of the transistor floating on your cursor.

Do not place the transistor yet!

www.altium.com Altium. 6
Description
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4. Before placing the part on the schematic, press the Tab key to open
TE the
D properties panel and pause placement. In the Properties section of Properties

Component

WI the dialog, type QI into the Designator field. Q Search

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5. Continue placement by clicking on the pause button that is displayed
B in the center of the schematic. Once the transistor is in the desired
DE position, left mouse click or press Enter on the keyboard to place the 2N3904 «•

SI transistor onto the schematic. Times New Roman.

GN
6. The system remains in component placement mode with the part
outline floating on the cursor. Place the second transistor. Because it is
the same as the previous one, the software will automatically increment
a component's designator.

7. Referring to the rough schematic diagram shown before, notice that Q2

Properties Panel During Part Placement
is drawn as a mirror of Q1. To flip the orientation of the transistor that
is floating on the cursor, press the X key on the keyboard. This flips the
component horizontally (along the X-axis).

8. Move the cursor to position the part to the right of Q1. To position the component more accurately, press the PageUp key
twice to zoom in two steps. You should now be able to see the grid lines.

9. Once positioned, left mouse click or press Enter to place Q2. Once again, a copy of the transistor attached to the cursor
will be placed on the schematic, and the next transistor will be floating on the cursor ready to be set.

10. Exit part placement by clicking the Right Mouse Button or pressing the ESC key. The cursor will revert to a standard
arrow.

Mirrored Transistors Placed On Schematic Sheet

Use the following keys to manipulate the part floating on the

cursor:

• Y flips the part vertically

• X flips the part horizontally

• Spacebar rotates the part by 90° anti-clockwise.

• Shift+Spacebar rotates the part by 90° clockwise.

www.altium.com Aliium. 7
GETTING STARTED WITH PCB DESIGN

Placing the Resistors

Place the four resistors into the schematic.

1. The Properties panel will be used frequently for the remainder of this tutorial. Dock the Properties panel to the left side
of the workspace.

For additional information on panels see: Working with Panels in Altium Designer
2. In the Libraries panel, make sure the Miscellaneous Devices.IntLib library is active.

3. Set the filter by typing res in the filter field below the library name.

4. Click on Res1 in the components list to select it, then click the Place button. The resistor symbol is floating on the cursor.

5. Without changing any additional properties, place the four resistors as shown below.

Resistors Placed on Schematic Sheet

6. Using the rough design below as a reference, select each resistor in the schematic and change the Designator and Value
properties of each resistor by clicking on the resistor and updating the fields in the Properties panel.

Astable Multivibrator Circuit Sketch

Value of R1 Set in Properties Panel

7. The Value property updated in the above step is used for circuit simulation. The Name property is typically used to
identify the component on the schematic and in downstream reports such as a Bill of Materials. By entering =value in
the Name property, the resistance set in the Value property is echoed to the Name property. Select all four resistors by
clicking with the Shift key down.

www.altium.com Aliium. 8
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Placing the Capacitors

Place the two capacitors.

1. The capacitor part is also in the Miscellaneous Devices.

IntLib library, which should already be selected in the
Libraries panel.

2. Type cap in the component's filter field (located below the

selected library) in the Libraries panel.

3. Click on Cap in the components list to select it, then click the
Place button. The capacitor symbol is floating on the cursor.

4. Press the Tab key to edit the capacitor's attributes. In the

Component Properties dialog set the Designator to C1,
the Name to = value, set the Value property to 20nF, and Capacitors Placed on Schematic Sheet

disable the visibility of the Value parameter.

5. Using the image below as a guide, position and place the two capacitors in the same way that you placed the previous
parts. Right-click or press ESC to exit placement mode.

www.altium.com Aliium. 9
GETTING STARTED WITH PCB DESIGN

Placing the Connector

Place the two capacitors.

1. Select Miscellaneous Connectors.IntLib in the Libraries panel. The required connector is a two-pin socket; type *2
into the Libraries panel filter field.

2-Pin Header in Libraries Panel

2. Select Header 2 from the parts list and click the Place button. Press Tab to edit the properties and set Designator to Y1.

3. Before placing the connector, press X to flip it horizontally so that it is in the correct orientation. Click to place the
connector
on the schematic, as shown in the image below.
4. Right-click or press ESC to exit part placement mode.

5. Save your schematic by selecting File » Save from the menus (shortcut: F, S) or
g
clicking

2-Pin Header in Libraries Panel

www.altium.com Altium. io
GETTING STARTED WITH PCB DESIGN

MAKING CIRCUIT CONNECTIONS

Referring to the sketch of the circuit below, use the place wire command to create connectivity between circuit elements.

1. To provide a good view of the schematic sheet, press the PageUp key to zoom in or PageDown to zoom out. Alternatively,
hold down the Ctrl key and roll the mouse wheel to zoom in/out, or hold the Ctrl + Right Mouse button down and
drag the mouse up/down to zoom in/out.

2. Choose the place wire command from the Active Bar (highlighted below) and wire the lower pin of resistor R1 to the
base of transistor Q1 in the following manner by positioning the cursor over the bottom end of R1. A red connection
marker (large cross) will appear at the cursor location indicating that the cursor is over a valid electrical connection point
on the component.

I ■ ED A

Place Wire Command from the Active Bar

3. Click the Left Mouse Button or press Enter to anchor the first wire point. Move the cursor and a wire will extend from
the cursor position back to the anchor point. The default corner mode is a right angle, the tip box below explains how to
change the corner mode. Right angle is the best choice for this circuit.

4. Position the cursor over the base of Q1 until you see the cursor change to a red connection marker. Click or press Enter
to connect the wire to the base of Q1. The cursor will release from that wire.

Note: The cursor remains a cross hair, indicating that the system is ready to place another wire. To exit placement mode
completely and go back to the arrow cursor, Right-Click or press ESC again. Do not exit at this time.

5. Add connections for the remaining elements of the circuit, as shown in the figure below. When finished placing all
connections, right-click or press ESC to exit placement mode. The cursor will revert to an arrow.

Complete Schematic Sheet Wiring

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GETTING STARTED WITH PCB DESIGN

NETS AND NET LABELS

Complete the following steps to place net labels on the two power nets.

1. Select Place Net Label from the Active Bar (highlighted below). A net label will appear floating on the cursor.

Place Net Label from Active Bar

2. To edit the net label before it is placed, press the Tab key to pause label placement and go to the Properties panel and
enter 12V in the Net Name property and continue placement of the label.

3. Place the net label so that the bottom left corner of the net label touches the uppermost wire on the schematic, as shown
in the image below. The cursor will change to a red cross when the net label is correctly positioned to connect to the wire.
If the cross is light grey, it means there will not be a valid connection made. See the net label in free space (left image) and
positioned over a wire (right image) below.

Incorrect Ks. Correct Placement of Net Labels

4. After placing the first net label, net label placement mode will remain active. Press the Tab key again to edit the second
net
label before placing it. Type GND in the Net Name property.

Place the net label so that the bottom left of the net label touches the lower most wire on the schematic (as shown in the
image below). Right-click or press ESC to exit net label placement mode.

Saved Completed Schematic Sheet

www.altium.com AHium. 12
 GETTING Project Place Design Tools Reports Win
File Edit View
dow JHelp
STARTED
WITH PCB Compi 1 e P CB Proj ect MuKiVi b rator.PrjP cb
DESIGN Add New to Project ►
COMPILING AND VALIDATING THE SCHEMATIC
|j£ Add Existing to Project...
Compiling a project checks for drafting and electrical rules errors in the design documents and details all warnings and errors
Hi Remove from Project...
in the Messages panel. The process also provides detailed information in the Compiled Errors panel. The rules have been
previously configuredCjose Project
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tutorial and the design is ready to be validated.
Close Project
1. Select Project » Compile PCB Project Multivibrator.PrjPcb To compile the project. If you have already compiled, select
IK, rL-... rrox-______________
F Project » Recompile PCB
D Project Multivibrator.PrjPcb.
i 1 Edit View Project Place es gn Tools Reports Window Help 1
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2. Select View » Fit All Objects (shortcut: V, F) from the
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The schematic is complete. The next phase of the tutorial
C is to implement the design as a PCB. Additional information about
schematic design can be found here. B

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ADDING A PCB TO THE PROJECT t

1. Select File » New » PCB.

-¿î El 131' fc Multivibrator.PrjPcb - Altium D

File Edit View Project Place Design

Projects T if x 11

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J %1 Workspacel.DsnWrk
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Multivibrator, S ch Doc

Create a New Pcb Design File for the Project New Pcb Design File in Projects Panel

www.altium.com AHium. 13
GETTING STARTED WITH PCB DESIGN

2. To save the new PCB file, select File » Save As or select . Type the name Multivibrator in the File Name field
and click Save.

3. When the PCB design file opens, the main menu bar and related
buttons change context for schematic entry and the Active Bar
is displayed in the workspace. PCB Design File Active Bar

TRANSFERRING THE SCHEMATIC TO THE PCB

1. While editing the PCB design file, initiate the process of transferring the schematic design to the PCB by selecting Design
» Import Changes from Multivibrator.PRjPcb the PCB Editor.

Engineering Change Order

2. The PCB footprints of the components are placed to the right of the PCB outline, as shown below.

Q2 Q1 C2 VI Cl R1 R3 R4 R2
oooo

oooo

Components Placed Outside PCB Outline

PLACING COMPONENTS ON THE PCB

In this section the components will be placed on the PCB. Connection lines are automatically re-optimized as you move a
component. In this manner the connection lines act as a guide to the optimum position and orientation of the component as
it is placed.

1. Position the board in the editor by moving the mouse while holding the Ctrl key and right mouse button down. If the
mouse has a wheel, press and hold it while moving the mouse to zoom in and out.

www.altium.com Attium. 14
 GETTING STARTED WITH PCB DESIGN

2. To pan the screen, move the mouse while holding the right mouse button down. All zooming is relative to the current
cursor location; position the cursor before zooming.

See Getting to know your Editor for additional information on zooming and panning.
3. The components in the tutorial will be placed as shown in the image below. To place the components, position the cursor
over the middle of the component and click-and-hold the left mouse button. The cursor will change to a cross hair and
jump to the reference point for the part. While continuing to hold down the mouse button, move the mouse to drag the
component.

Components Placed on Board Layout

DEFINING AND MANAGING DESIGN RULES

Design rules are defined and managed from within the PCB Rules and Constraints Editor dialog. The dialog has two sections:

• The tree on the left lists the different rule categories. Expand a category to display the individual rule types available. Expand
a rule type to display all rules of that type that are currently defined.

• The right-hand side of the dialog presents information in relation to what is currently selected in the tree - either a summary
of defined rules of the selected rule type or category, all defined rules for the entire system or, if an actual rule is selected,
the constraints for that rule.

PCB Rules and Constraints Editor

www.altium.com AHium. 15
 V,I .1
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Manually Creating a New Design Rule
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Create Default Rules

Creation of a New PCB Design Rule

Note: Keep track of the rule name for the next section. When a new rule is added, it will initially be given a default name based
on the specific type of rule. If a rule with that name already exists, it will simply be given an incremented numerical suffix (i.e.
Width_1, Width_2, and so on).

Modify a Design Rule

1. Click on the new entry for the rule in the folder-tree pane or double-click on its entry in the summary list.

Define the new rule by setting the following values:

2. Set Name to Width_l2v.

3. Define the scope of the rule by setting the first dropdown menu to Net and the second dropdown menu to 12V.

4. Set the constraints of the rule to Preferred Width = 0.50mm, Min Width = 0.50mm, and Max Width = 0.50mm.

5. Click OK.

www.altium.com AHium. 16
GETTING STARTED WITH PCB DESIGN

Detailed Design Rules Control

Using the Design Rule Wizard

Design rules can also be created using the Design Rule Wizard. If you click Finish before completing the entire Wizard, the new
width rule will be created using the system defaults for the component type you selected.

1. Launch the Design Rule Wizard from the PCB editor by clicking Design » Rule Wizard from the main menus or by
clicking the Rule Wizard button in the PCB Rules and Constraints Editor dialog.

2. Choose the Rule Type.

3. Type Width_l2v in the Name field and 12V Net Route Width in the Description field.

4. Select Routing » Width Constraint.

5. Click Next.

New Rule Wizard

Choose the Rule Type

Choose the type of rule you wish to create below. Give it a name and
description.

Name Width_12V Comment 12V Net Route Width

A Electrical
Clearance Constraint
Short-Circuit Constraint
Un-Routed Net Constraint
Un-Connected Pin Constraint
Modified Polygon
A Routing
Width Constraint
Routing Topology
Routing Priority
Routing Layers
Routing Corners
Routing Via Style
Fanout Control
Differential Pairs Routing
' ^SMT
SMDTo Corner Constraint
SMDTo Plane Constraint

Cancel Back Next

Rule Type Selection

www.altium.com AHium. 17
GETTING STARTED WITH PCB DESIGN

6. Choose the Rule Scope of 1 Net.

7. Click Next.

Rule Scope Selection

8. Set the Condition Value to 12V from the dropdown and click Next.

Note: Creating a custom query is a powerful tool for the design process. Visit the Query Language Reference Page
for more
information on creating custom queries.

Advanced Rule Scope Selection

www.altium.com Altium. 18
GETTING STARTED WITH PCB DESIGN

9. Set Rule Priority to 2 by clicking on the Width_12V and clicking Decrease Priority.

Rule Priority Selection

10. Click Next.

11. Ensure the Launch main design rules dialog box is checked and click Finish.

Rule Completion

www.altium.com Altium. 19
GETTING STARTED WITH PCB DESIGN

12. Set the constraints of the rule to Preferred Width = 0.50mm, Min Width = 0.50mm, and Max Width = 0.50mm.

13. Click OK.

PCB Rules and Constraints Editor

CONFIGURING THE DESIGN RULES CHECKER

1. Open the Design Rule Checker dialog by selecting Tools » Design Rule Check.

2. Select Rules To Check » Routing.

3. Right-click in the Rules section and select Online DRC - All On.

4. Right-click in the Rules section and select Batch DRC - All On.

The Design Rule Checker dialog

www.altium.com Altium. 20
 GETTING STARTED WITH PCB DESIGN

INTERACTIVELY ROUTING THE BOARD

1. Confirm that the grid is appropriate for routing. To change the grid, press Ctrl+G to open the Cartesian Grid Editor,
type the value 0.125mm into the Step X field, and click OK to close the dialog.

2. Check which layers are currently visible by looking at the Layer Tabs at the bottom of the workspace. If the Bottom Layer
is not visible, press the L shortcut to open the Layers and Colors dialog, and enable the Bottom Layer by clicking
next to the layer name.

Layers and Colors Panel

3. Click on the Bottom Layer tab at the bottom of the workspace to make it the current, or active layer, for routing.

.1 ■ I ii ■ ■
LS □ Top Layer □ Bottom Layer □ Mechanical 1

Bottom Layer Tab

4. Select Place » Interactive Routing from the menus (shortcut: P, T), or click the Interactive Routing button on the
Active Bar shown below. The cursor will change to a crosshair, indicating you are in interactive routing mode.

Interactive Route on Active Bar

www.altium.com AHium. 21
GETTING STARTED WITH PCB DESIGN

5. Position the cursor over the lower pad on connector Y1. As you move the cursor close to the pad it will automatically snap
to the center of the pad - this is the Snap To Object Hotspot feature pulling the cursor to the center of the nearest
electrical object (configure the Range of Attraction in the Board Options dialog). Sometimes the Snap To Object
Hotspot feature pulls the cursor when it is not desirable, in this situation press the Ctrl key to temporarily inhibit this
feature. Left-Click or press Enter to anchor the first point of the track.

Routing Resistors

6. Move the cursor towards the bottom pad of the resistor R1, and click to place a vertical segment. Note how track
segments
are displayed in different ways (as shown in the image below).

During routing, the segments are shown as:

• Solid - The segment has been placed.

• Hatched - Hatched segments are proposed but uncommitted, they will be placed when you left-click.

• Hollow - This is referred to as the look-ahead segment, it forecasts where the last proposed segment should end.

Auto-Complete Route

7. Manually route by Left-Clicking to commit track segments. For the connection that you are currently routing: Press
Backspace to rip up the last-placed segment. Move your cursor back along the path; as soon as you pass over an existing
uncommitted segment, the uncommitted routing unwinds back to this location.

www.altium.com Altium. 22
GETTING STARTED WITH PCB DESIGN

8. Rather than routing all the way to the target pad, you can also press Ctrl + Left Click to use the Auto-Complete function
and immediately route the entire connection as illustrated here:

Auto-Complete Route

9. Continue to route all the connections on the board as shown below.

Single Layer Routed PCB

TRACE MODIFICATION AND REROUTING

Routing can use both the top and bottom layers, because the PCB was originally defined as double-sided.

1. First, delete all routing by selecting Route » Un-Route » All from the menus.
2. Now, route interactively as before. To switch routing layers press the * key on the numeric keypad to toggle between the
layers while placing tracks, or use the Ctrl+Shift+Roll keys/mouse to move back and forth through the available signal
layers as you route.

The PCB editor will automatically insert a via (in accordance with the Routing Via design rule) as necessary when layers
are changed.

www.altium.com AHium. 23
GETTING STARTED WITH PCB DESIGN

3. Next, modify an existing route. There are two approaches: reroute, or rearrange. When rerouting, there is no need to
un-
route a connection to redefine its path. Simply initiate interactive routing and start rerouting; the Loop Removal feature
will automatically remove any redundant track segments.

The Loop Removal feature will automatically remove any redundant track segments, including vias. The PCB editor also
includes a net analyzer that automatically analyses the route path as work progresses and removes redundant segments.
Routing can start and end on the new route path at any point, swapping layers as needed.

Re-Routing Loop Removal

4. To rearrange an existing route drag the segment by clicking once to select the segment, position the mouse over the
segment to display the quad-arrow cursor, then click and hold to start dragging that segment.

Dragging Existing Route

5. Note that the cursor changes if you position it over the center track vertex - this is a different mode, used to break a
single
segment into 3 segments.

Segmenting Existing Route

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GETTING STARTED WITH PCB DESIGN

AUTOMATICALLY ROUTING THE BOARD

To review the ease of autorouting, complete the following steps:

1. Un-route the board by selecting Route » Un-Route » All from the menus (shortcut: U, U, A).

Un-Route PCB

2. Click the Autoroute Board icon on the Active Bar shown below. The Situs Routing Strategies dialog is split into two
regions: the top region of the dialog displays the Routing Setup Report (remember to always check for warnings/errors
that are shown in red), and the lower half of the dialog shows the available Routing Strategies (the selected one will be
highlighted). For this board, it should default to the Default Multi Layer Board strategy.

Auto-Route Board icon on the Active Bar

3. Click on Route All in the Situs Routing Strategies dialog. The Messages panel displays the process of the autorouting.

Auto-Routed PCB

4. Do not save the auto-routed board. The tutorial will continue with the manually routed board. Press Ctrl-Z twice and see
that the auto-routing and Un-Route All command can be reversed.

The auto-router will route on both the top and bottom layers, red tracks on the top layer, blue on the bottom layer. The layers
that are used by the auto-router are specified in the Routing Layers design rule, which defaults to top and bottom layers. Also
notice the two power net tracks running from the connector are wider, as specified by the second Width design rule you set up.

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GETTING STARTED WITH PCB DESIGN

PCB DESIGN RULE VERIFICATION

1. Validate the PCB design using Tools » Design Rule Check... If there are no errors, no messages will be displayed in the
Messages panel and the panel can be dismissed. The Design Rule Verification Report is created and appears a tab in
the workspace.

Design Rule Check

2. The design rules for the GND net are set such that they are expected to be no more or no less than 0.50mm. Create an
intentional DRC error as shown below by clicking a trace segment on the GND net, going to the Properties panel and
changing the Width property to 0.4mm.

Change Width in Properties Panel

3. Rerun the Design Rule Check.

4. The rule checker should display an error in the Messages window. Dismiss the window and review the Design Rule
Verification Report. The top of the report is a summary of any violations. The specific DRC violations are listed below the
summary as hyperlinked text. Clicking on the link will bring the area of concern into view in the PCB editor window. Click
on the one at the bottom of the report similar to the one shown below:

Width Constraint (Min=0.5mm) (Max 0.5mm) (Preferred =0.Smm) (<lnNet( 12V) OR lnNet(‘6ND )))

Width Constraint: Track f7mm,12.5mmX7mm.21-46rnn) on Bottom Laver Actual Width = 0.4mm, Target Width = 0,5mm

Back to ton

Clickable Error Messages

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GETTING STARTED WITH PCB DESIGN

5. The error will be highlighted in a zoomed view similar to the below image. Correct the trace Width in the Properties
panel
or by entering Ctrl-Z to undo your width change. Save the file, and assure there are no DRC errors by rechecking again.

Route Marked with Violations

VIEWING THE PCB IN 3D

1. Switch to the 3D view by selecting View » 3D Layout Mode (shortcut: 3), or select a 3D view configuration from the list
on
the PCB Standard toolbar. The board will display as a 3 dimensional object.

2. Zoom, using Ctrl + Right-drag mouse, or Ctrl + Roll mouse-wheel, or the PageUp / PageDown keys.

3. Pan by using a Right-drag mouse, or the standard Windows mouse-wheel controls.

4. Rotate the board using the Shift + Right-drag mouse. Note that a directional sphere appears at the current cursor
position, as shown in the figure below. Rotational movement of the model is made about the center of the sphere
(position
the cursor before pressing Shift to position the sphere) using the following controls. Move the mouse around to highlight
and select each one:

5. Right-drag sphere when the Center Dot is highlighted - rotate in any direction.

6. Right-drag sphere when the Horizontal Arrow is highlighted - rotate the view about the Y-axis.

7. Right-drag sphere when the Vertical Arrow is highlighted - rotate the view about the X-axis.

8. Right-drag sphere when the Circle Segment is highlighted - rotate the view about the Z-axis.

3D Navigation of PCB Layout

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GETTING STARTED WITH PCB DESIGN

GENERATING FABRICATION OUTPUT FILES

1. Create Fabrication Output files by selecting File » Fabrication Outputs » Gerber X2 Files.

Generating Gerber X2 Files

2. Select Used On from the Plot Layers dropdown.

Plot Layers

3. Select Used On from the Plot Drills dropdown.

Plot Drills

4. Click OK.

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GETTING STARTED WITH PCB DESIGN

The Gerber X2 file will be immediately loaded into the Altium Designer viewing tool, CAMtastic. Alternatively, batch
output files can be rapidly generated, so that the PCB can be fabricated with Output Job Files. This dedicated document is
a single environment for establishing all settings related to all varieties of output types including Gerber, NC drill, assembly
drawings, pick and place and more. The file can also be configured for independent or combined project outputs for
design variants.

Gerber X2 File in CAMtastic

CONCLUSION
You made it to the end of the tutorial! Thank you for your attention. The tutorial provided just a quick overview into the design
process with Altium Designer. Check out other Getting Started guides for insight into using robust features like Draftsman®
and ActiveRoute®'

Altium.com/documentation to find other useful documentation, and read the article Exploring Altium
to visit
Designer for an explanation of the interface, information on how to use panels, and guidelines for managing design
documents.
If you want a more in-depth training experience, visit our Events page.

ABOUT ALTIUM
Altium LLC (ASX: ALU) is a multinational software corporation headquartered in San Diego, California, that focuses on electronics design systems for 3D PCB
design and embedded system development. Altium products are found everywhere from world leading electronic design teams to the grassroots electronic
design community.

With a unique range of technologies Altium helps organisations and design communities to innovate, collaborate and create connected products while
remaining on-time and on-budget. Products provided are ACTIVEBOM®, ActiveRoute®, Altium Designer®, Altium Vault®, Altium NEXUS™, Autotrax®,
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software compilers and Upverter™.

Founded in 1985, Altium has offices worldwide, with US locations in San Diego, Boston and New York City, European locations in Karlsruhe, Amersfoort, Kiev,
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Munich, Markelo and Zug and Asia Pacific locations in Shanghai, Tokyo and Sydney. For more information, visit . You can also follow and
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