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Computer Languages

This document provides a summary of various computer programming languages including their name, year of origin, intended uses and brief comments. It covers many historically important and widely used languages such as FORTRAN, COBOL, C, C++, Java as well as markup languages like HTML, XML and specialized languages like SQL, APL and Logo. The table organizes over 20 languages chronologically from the 1950s to the 1990s to give a high-level overview of the origin and purpose of different computer languages.

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22 views

Computer Languages

This document provides a summary of various computer programming languages including their name, year of origin, intended uses and brief comments. It covers many historically important and widely used languages such as FORTRAN, COBOL, C, C++, Java as well as markup languages like HTML, XML and specialized languages like SQL, APL and Logo. The table organizes over 20 languages chronologically from the 1950s to the 1990s to give a high-level overview of the origin and purpose of different computer languages.

Uploaded by

RRR
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer Languages

Origin of
Language Name Year Uses/Comments
ADA Augusta ADA Byron (Lady 1979 Derived from Pascal, used primarily by the military.
Lovelace)
ALGOL Algorithmic Language 1960 First structured procedural programming language, used mainly
for solving math problems.
APL A Programming Language 1961 Interpreted language using a large set of special symbols and
terse syntax. Used primarily by mathematicians.
BASIC Beginners All-Purpose 1965 Very popular high-level programming language, frequently used
Symbolic Instruction Code by beginning programmers.
C Predecessor was Bell 1972 Compiled, structured, programming language commonly used
Laboratory's 1972 B in many workplaces because its programs are easy to transfer
Programming Language between different types of computers.
C++ Advanced version of C. 1985 C++ is used in numerous fields, such as accounting and finance
Developed at ATT Bell Labs. systems, and computer-aided design. Supports object-oriented
programming.
COBOL Common Business-Oriented 1959 English-like programming language, emphasizes data
Language structures. Widely used, especially in businesses.
FORTH Fourth-Generation language (4 1970 Interpreted, structured language, easily extended. Provides
GL) high functionality in limited space.
Fortran Formula Translation 1954 Initially designed for scientific and engineering uses, a high-
level, compiled language now used in many fields. Introduced
several concepts such as variables, conditional statements, and
separately compiled subroutines.
HTML HyperText Markup Language 1989 Designed for publishing hypertext on the Internet.
JAVA Sun Microsystems developers 1990 Originally developed for use in set-top boxes, transitioned to
drank a lot of coffee when the World Wide Web in 1994.
coding for this.
LISP LISt Processing 1960 A list-oriented programming language, mainly used to
manipulate lists of data. Interpreted language, often used in
research, generally considered the "standard" language for
Artificial Intelligence (AI) projects.
LOGO Derived from Greek logos, 1968 Programming language often used with children. Features a
meaning word simple drawing environment and several higher-level features
from LISP. Primarily educational.
Modula- Modular Language, designed 1980 Language that emphasizes modular programming. High-level
2 as secondary phase of Pascal language based on Pascal, characterized by lack of standard
(Nicklaus Wirth devised both) functions and procedures.
Pascal Blasé PASCAL, mathematician 1971 Compiled, structured language, based on ALGOL. Adds data
and inventor of first computing types and structures while simplifying syntax. Like C language,
device it is a standard development language for microcomputers.
PERL Practical Extraction and Report 1988 It is a text-processing language that looks like a combination of
Language C and several Unix text processing utilities.
PILOT Programmed Inquiry, 1969 Programming language used primarily to create applications for
Language Or Teaching computer-aided instruction. Contains very little syntax.
PL/1 Programming Language One 1964 Designed to combine the key features of Fortran, COBOL, and
ALGOL, a complex programming language. Compiled,
structured language capable of error handling and multitasking,
used in some academic and research environments.
SGML Standard Generalized Markup 1986 Designed as a met language, it is used as an international
Language standard for the description of marked-up electronic text.
SQL Structured Query Language 1986 Designed to be used for creating complex databases and
accessing data in a relational database.
VB Visual Basic 1990 Sometimes called the Rapid Applications Development system,
is used to build applications quickly.
XML Extensible Markup Language 1977 Used for creating arbitrarily-structured documents and Web
pages; it is commonly associated with the Internet.

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