62 NEET-AIPMT Chapterwise Topicwise Solutions Physics

CHAPTER

7 Alternating Current

7.2 AC Voltage Applied to a Resistor

1. The r.m.s. value of potential difference V shown in
the figure is
V0
(a)
3 Which one of the following graphs gives the variation
of voltage with time?
(b) V0
V0 V0
(c) (d) (Mains 2011) (a) (b)
2 2
2. In an A.C. circuit, Irms and I0 are related as
(a) Irms = pI0 (b) Irms = 2 I0
(c) (d)
(c) Irms = I0/p Irms = I0 / 2 (1994)
(d)
3. Two cables of copper are of equal lengths. One of (1994)
them has a single wire of area of cross-section A,
while other has 10 wires of cross-sectional area A/10 7.5 AC Voltage Applied to a Capacitor
each. Give their suitability for transporting A.C. and 6. A 40 mF capacitor is connected to a 200 V, 50 Hz ac
D.C. supply. The r.m.s value of the current in the circuit
(a) only multiple strands for A.C., either for D.C. is, nearly
(b) only multiple strands for A.C., only single (a) 1.7 A (b) 2.05 A
strand for D.C. (c) 2.5 A (d) 25.1 A (NEET 2020)
(c) only single strand for D.C., either for A.C. 7. A small signal voltage V(t) = V0 sinwt is applied
(d) only single strand for A.C., either for D.C. across an ideal capacitor C
(1994) (a) Current I(t) is in phase with voltage V(t).
(b) Current I(t) leads voltage V(t) by 180°.
7.4 AC Voltage Applied to an Inductor (c) Current I(t), lags voltage V(t) by 90°.
4. A coil of self-inductance L is connected in series (d) Over a full cycle the capacitor C does not
with a bulb B and an AC source. Brightness of the consume any energy from the voltage source.
bulb decreases when (NEET-I 2016)
(a) a capacitance of reactance XC = XL is included in 8. In an ac circuit an alternating voltage 200 2 sin 100 t
the same circuit. volts is connected to a capacitor of capacity 1 mF. The
(b) an iron rod is inserted in the coil. r.m.s. value of the current in the circuit is
(c) frequency of the AC source is decreased. (a) 10 mA (b) 100 mA
(d) number of turns in the coil is reduced. (c) 200 mA (d) 20 mA(2011)
(NEET 2013)
9. A capacitor of capacity C has reactance X.
5. The current I in an A.C. circuit with inductance coil If capacitance and frequency become double then
varies with time according to the graph given below. reactance will be

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 Alternating Current 63

(a) 4X (b) X/2

(c) X/4 (d) 2X (2001)

7.6 AC Voltage Applied to a Series LCR Circuit

10. A series LCR circuit is connected to an ac voltage
source. When L is removed from the circuit, the
phase difference between current and voltage is p/3. (a) 150 V, 2.2 A (b) 220 V, 2.2 A
If instead C is removed from the circuit, the phase (c) 220 V, 2.0 A (d) 100 V, 2.0 A  (2010)
difference is again p/3 between current and voltage. 17. What is the value of inductance L for which the
The power factor of the circuit is current is maximum in a series LCR circuit with
(a) zero (b) 0.5 C = 10 mF and w = 1000 s–1?
(c) 1.0 (d) –1.0 (NEET 2020) (a) 1 mH
11. A circuit when connected to an AC source of (b) cannot be calculated unless R is known
12 V gives a current of 0.2 A. The same circuit when (c) 10 mH (d) 100 mH (2007)
connected to a DC source of 12 V, gives a current of 18. In a circuit L, C and R are connected in series with
0.4 A. The circuit is an alternating voltage source of frequency f. The
(a) series LR (b) series RC current leads the voltage by 45°. The value of C is
(c) series LC (d) series LCR
1 1
(Odisha NEET 2019) (a) (b)
πf (2 πf L − R) 2 πf (2 πf L − R)
12. Which of the following combinations should be
1 1
selected for better tuning of an L-C-R circuit used (c) (d)  (2005)
for communication ? πf (2 πf L + R) 2 πf (2 πf L + R)
(a) R = 20 W, L = 1.5 H, C = 35 mF 19. The value of quality factor is
(b) R = 25 W, L = 2.5 H, C = 45 mF ωL 1
(a) (b) (c) L/R
LC (d)
(c) R = 15 W, L = 3.5 H, C = 30 mF R ω RC (2000)
(d) R = 25 W, L = 1.5 H, C = 45 mF (NEET-II 2016)
20. An series L-C-R circuit is connected to a source of
13. A series R-C circuit is connected to an alternating A.C. current. At resonance, the phase difference
voltage source. Consider two situations : between the applied voltage and the current in the
(i) When capacitor is air filled. circuit, is
(ii) When capacitor is mica filled. (a) p (b) zero (c) p/4 (d) p/2
Current through resistor is i and voltage across (1994)
capacitor is V then
(a) ia > ib (b) Va = Vb 7.7 Power in AC Circuit : The Power Factor
(c) Va < Vb (d) Va > Vb (2015) 21. An inductor 20 mH, a capacitor 100 mF and a
14. An ac voltage is applied to a resistance R and an resistor 50 W are connected in series across a source
inductor L in series. If R and the inductive reactance of emf, V = 10 sin 314t. The power loss in the circuit
are both equal to 3 W, the phase difference between is
the applied voltage and the current in the circuit is (a) 0.79 W (b) 0.43 W
(a) p/6 (b) p/4 (c) 2.74 W (d) 1.13 W (NEET 2018)
(c) p/2 (d) zero (2011)
22. The potential differences across the resistance,
15. A coil has resistance 30 ohm and inductive reactance capacitance and inductance are 80 V, 40 V and
20 ohm at 50 Hz frequency. If an ac source, of 100 V respectively in an L-C-R circuit. The power
200 volt, 100 Hz, is connected across the coil, the factor of this circuit is
current in the coil will be (a) 0.4 (b) 0.5 (c)
0.8 (d) 1.0
(a) 2.0 A (b) 4.0 A (NEET-II 2016)
(c) 8.0 A (d) 20 A  (Mains 2011) 23. An inductor 20 mH, a capacitor 50 mF and a resistor
13 40 W are connected in series across a source of emf
16. In the given circuit the reading of voltmeter V1 and V = 10 sin 340t. The power loss in A.C. circuit is
V2 are 300 volts each. The reading of the voltmeter (a) 0.76 W (b) 0.89 W
V3 and ammeter A are respectively (c) 0.51 W (d) 0.67 W(NEET-I 2016)

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 64 NEET-AIPMT Chapterwise Topicwise Solutions Physics

24. In an electrical circuit R, L, C and ac voltage source 29. For a series LCR circuit, the power loss at resonance is
are all connected in series. When L is removed from V2
(a) I 2 Lw
(b)
the circuit, the phase difference between the voltage  1 
and the current in the circuit is p/3. If instead, C is ωL − ωC 
removed from the circuit, the phase difference is V2
(c) I 2R (d) (2002)
again p/3. The power factor of the circuit is Cω
1 3 30. In an a.c. circuit with phase voltage V and current I,
(a) 1 (b) (c) 1 (d) the power dissipated is
2 2 2 (2012)
(a) V.I
25. The instantaneous values of alternating current and (b) depends on phase angle between V and I
1 1
voltages in a circuit are given as (c) × V .I (d) × V .I (1997)
1 2 2
i= sin(100 πt ) ampere 31. In an A.C. circuit, the current flowing is
2
I = 5 sin (100t – p/2) ampere and the potential
1  π
e= sin 100 πt +  volt difference is V = 200 sin (100t) volts. The power
2  3 consumption is equal to
The average power in watts consumed in the circuit is (a) 20 W (b) 0 W
1 3 1 1 (c) 1000 W (d) 40 W (1995)
(a) (b) (c) (d)
4 4 2 8
(Mains 2012) 7.8 LC Oscillations
26. Power dissipated in an LCR series circuit connected 32. A condenser of capacity C is charged to a potential
to an A.C. source of emf e is difference of V1. The plates of the condenser are then
2
connected to an ideal inductor of inductance L. The
 1  current through the inductor when the potential
ε2 R2 +  Lω − 
 Cω  difference across the condenser reduces to V2 is
(a) 1
R
 C(V − V )2  2 C(V 2 − V22 )
  1  
2
(a)  1 2 (b) 1
ε  R2 +  Lω −
2
  
  L L
 Cω  
(b) 1
R  C(V 2 − V 2 )  2
C(V12 + V22 ) 1 2
ε2 R (c) (d)
 
(c) L L
2
 1  (Mains 2010)
R2 +  Lω − 
 Cω  33. A transistor-oscillator using a resonant circuit with an
2 inductor L (of negligible resistance) and a capacitor
ε R
(d)
 C in series produces oscillations of frequency f. If L is
1  
2

 R2 +  Lω −   (2009) doubled and C is changed to 4C, the frequency will be
  Cω   (a) f/2 (b) f/4
27. In an a.c. circuit the e.m.f. (e) and the current (i) at any (c) 8f (d) f / 2 2 (2006)
instant are given respectively by
e = E0sinwt , i = I0sin(wt – f) 7.9 Transformers
The average power in the circuit over one cycle of 34. A transformer having efficiency of 90% is working
a.c. is on 200 V and 3 kW power supply. If the current
E0 I0 in the secondary coil is 6 A, the voltage across the
(a) cos φ (b) E0I0
2 secondary coil and the current in the primary coil
E I E0 I0 respectively are
(c) 0 0 (d) sin φ (2008)
2 2 (a) 300 V, 15 A (b) 450 V, 15 A
28. A coil of inductive reactance 31 W has a resistance (c) 450 V, 13.5 A (d) 600 V, 15 A (2014)
of 8 W. It is placed in series with a condenser of 35. The primary of a transformer when connected to a
capacitative reactance 25 W. The combination is dc battery of 10 volt draws a current of 1 mA. The
connected to an a.c. source of 110 V. The power number of turns of the primary and secondary
factor of the circuit is windings are 50 and 100 respectively. The voltage in
(a) 0.33 (b) 0.56 the secondary and the current drawn by the circuit in
(c) 0.64 (d) 0.80 (2006) the secondary are respectively

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 Alternating Current 65

(a) 20 V and 2.0 mA (b) 10 V and 0.5 mA 7.A RC/RL Circuits with DC Source
(c) Zero volt and therefore no current
(d) 20 V and 0.5 mA (Karnataka NEET 2013) 42. Figure shows a circuit that contains three identical
resistors with resistance R = 9.0 W each, two identi-
36. A 220 volt input is supplied to a transformer. The
cal inductors with inductance L = 2.0 mH each, and
output circuit draws a current of 2.0 ampere at
440 volts. If the efficiency of the transformer is 80%, an ideal battery with emf e = 18 V. The current i
the current drawn by the primary windings of the through the battery just after the switch closed is
transformer is
(a) 3.6 ampere (b) 2.8 ampere
(c) 2.5 ampere (d) 5.0 ampere (2010)
37. The primary and secondary coils of a transformer have
50 and 1500 turns respectively. If the magnetic flux f (a) 0.2 A (b) 2 A
linked with the primary coil is given by f = f0 + 4t, (c) 0 ampere (d) 2 mA (NEET 2017)
where f is in webers, t is time in seconds and f0 is a
43. A coil of 40 henry inductance is connected in series
constant, the output voltage across the secondary coil is
with a resistance of 8 ohm and the combination is
(a) 120 volts (b) 220 volts
joined to the terminals of a 2 volt battery. The time
(c) 30 volts (d) 90 volts (2007)
constant of the circuit is
38. A transformer is used to light a 100 W and 110 V lamp (a) 5 seconds (b) 1/5 seconds
from a 220 V mains. If the main current is 0.5 amp, (c) 40 seconds (d) 20 seconds (2004)
the efficiency of the transformer is approximately
(a) 50% (b) 90% 44. In the circuit given in figure, 1 and 2 are ammeters.
(c) 10% (d) 30% (2007) Just after key K is pressed to
complete the circuit, the
39. The core of a transformer is laminated because reading will be
(a) ratio of voltage in primary and secondary may (a) zero in 1, maximum in 2
be increased (b) maximum in both 1 and 2
(b) energy losses due to eddy currents may be (c) zero in both 1 and 2
minimised (d) maximum in 1, zero in 2. (1999)
(c) the weight of the transformer may be reduced 45. When the key K is pressed at time t = 0, then which
(d) rusting of the core may be prevented. (2006) of the following statement about the current I in the
40. A step-up transformer operates on a 230 V line and resistor AB of the given circuit is true?
supplies a load of 2 ampere. The ratio of the primary
and secondary windings is 1 : 25. The current in the


primary is
(a) 15 A (b) 50 A
(c) 25 A (d) 12.5 A (1998) (a) I oscillates between 1 mA and 2 mA
41. The primary winding of a transformer has 500 turns (b) At t = 0, I = 2 mA and with time it goes to 1 mA
whereas its secondary has 5000 turns. The primary (c) I = 1 mA at all t
is connected to an A.C. supply of 20 V, 50 Hz. The (d) I = 2 mA at all t. (1995)
secondary will have an output of 46. The time constant of C-R circuit is
(a) 2 V, 50 Hz (b) 2 V, 5 Hz (a) 1/CR (b) C/R
(c) 200 V, 50 Hz (d) 200 V, 500 Hz. (1997) (c) CR (d) R/C (1992)

ANSWER KEY
1. (c) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (a) 6. (c) 7. (d) 8. (d) 9. (c) 10. (c)
11. (a) 12. (c) 13. (d) 14. (b) 15. (b) 16. (b) 17. (d) 18. (d) 19. (a,b) 20. (b)
21. (a) 22. (c) 23. (c) 24. (c) 25. (d) 26. (d) 27. (a) 28. (d) 29. (c) 30. (b)
31. (b) 32. (d) 33. (d) 34. (b) 35. (c) 36. (d) 37. (a) 38. (b) 39. (b) 40. (b)
41. (c) 42. (*) 43. (a) 44. (d) 45. (b) 46. (c)

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