PHP Module 2-1

WEB PROGRAMMING USING PHP
MODULE 2
MAJLIS ARTS AND SCIENCE COLLEGE, PURAMANNUR
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
WEB PROGRAMMING USING PHP (5th Semester Online Study Material)
B.Sc Computer Science & BCA
(Questions and answers based on second Module)
1. JavaScript is developed by ------
Ans:Netscape
2. In JavaScript ----keyword is used to declare a function.
Ans: function
3. The blur event is the opposite of the ----event.
Ans: focus
4. Name various java script events.
Ans: onclick,ondblclick,onsubmit,Onreset,Onmousemove,Onkeypress,onload etc.
5. Java script is embedded between ----HTML tags.
Ans: <script>
6. What is an event? Give an example.
Ans: An event occurs when something happens.
JavaScript's interaction with HTML is handled through events that occur when the user or the browser
manipulates a page.
2 types
1. Window events : Which occur when something happens to a window.
e.g : load ,focus
2. User events : Which occur when the user interacts with elements in the page using pointing device.
2 types:
Mouse events eg : onclick

Keyboard events eg : onkeypress
7. Explain how to declare the variables in java script.
Ans:
variables are used to store data values.
JavaScript uses the var keyword to declare variables.
An equal sign is used to assign values to variables.
Eg:
var x;
x = 6;
In this example, x is defined as a variable. Then, x is assigned the value 6
8. What is a function? How can you define and call a function in java script?
Ans:
A JavaScript function is a block of code designed to perform a particular task.
A JavaScript function is defined with
the function keyword,
followed by a name,
followed by parentheses ().
Syntax:
function name(parameter 1, parameter 2,… ,parameter n)
// code to be executed
Eg:
function myFunction(p1, p2)
{
return p1 * p2;
A JavaScript function is executed when "something" invokes it (calls it).
When an event occurs (eg:when a user clicks a button)
When it is invoked (called) from JavaScript code
Example:
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<SCRIPT LANGUAGE="JavaScript">
function myFunction ()
alert ("Hello JavaScripters!");
</SCRIPT>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
an event occurs
<button onclick=“myFunction() “/>
</BODY>
</HTML>
9. How will you insert a comment in java script?
Ans:
JavaScript comments can be used to explain JavaScript code, and to make it more readable.
It can also be used to prevent execution.
Two types:
1. Single Line Comments
2. Multi-line Comments
Single line comments
Single line comments start with //
Any text between // and the end of the line will not be executed.
Eg:
//this is an example code
Multi-line comments
Multi-line comments start with /* and end with */
Any text between /* and */ will be ignored by JavaScript.
Eg:
/*this is
an example*/
10. Explain popup boxes in java script.
1. Alert
An alert box is often used if you want to make sure information comes through to the user.
When an alert box pops up, the user will have to click "OK" to proceed.
Syntax
alert("sometext"); // window. alert("sometext");
Eg:
alert(”Javascript!");
2. Confirm
A confirm box is often used if you want the user to verify or accept something.
When a confirm box pops up, the user will have to click either "OK" or "Cancel" to proceed.
If the user clicks "OK", the box returns true. If the user clicks "Cancel", the box returns false.
Syntax
confirm("sometext");
// window.confirm("sometext");
3. Prompt Box
A prompt box is often used if you want the user to input a value before entering a page.
When a prompt box pops up, the user will have to click either "OK" or "Cancel" to proceed after entering
an input value.
If the user clicks "OK" the box returns the input value. If the user clicks "Cancel" the box returns null.
Syntax
prompt("sometext","defaultText");
// window.prompt("sometext","defaultText");
11. Write short notes on break and continue in java script.
break
jump out of a current loop
syntax: break;
continue
skip a part of a loop
syntax: continue;
12. Explain conditional statements in used in java script.
Ans:
Conditional Statements
1. Simple if
2. if.…else
3. else if Statement
4. Switch….case
Simple if
Syntax:
if (condition)
{
// block of code to be executed if the condition is true
}
The if statement specifies a block of code to be executed if a condition is true.

Eg:
<html>
<head>
<script language=“javascript”>
function check()
{
var a=5;
if(a == 5)
document.write(a);
}
</script></head>
<body>
<button onclick=“check()“>
</body></html>
If…else
Syntax
if (condition)
// block of code to be executed if the condition is true
else
// block of code to be executed if the condition is false
Eg:
<html>
<head>
function check()
var a=50;
if(a % 2==0)
document.write(“Even number”);
else
document.write(“odd number”);
</script></head>
<body>
<button onclick=“check() “>
</body></html>
else if
Syntax
if (condition1)
// block of code to be executed if condition1 is true
else if (condition2)
// block of code to be executed if the condition1 is false and condition2 is true
else
// block of code to be executed if the condition1 is false and condition2 is false

}
Switch…case
Syntax
switch(expression)
case value 1:
// code block
break;
case value2:
// code block
break;
……..
……..
case valuen:
// code block
break;
default:
// code block
• The switch expression is evaluated once.

• The value of the expression is compared with the values of each case.
• If there is a match, the associated block of code is executed.
• If there is no match, the default code block is executed.
• expression can be of type numbers or strings.
• Duplicate case values are not allowed.
• The default statement is optional.
• The break statement is optional.
• The break statement is used inside the switch to terminate a statement sequence.
Example:
switch (new Date().getDay())

{
case 0:
day = “Sunday";
break;
case 1:
day = "Monday";
break;
case 2:
day = "Tuesday";
break;
case 3:
day = "Wednesday";
break;
case 4:
day = "Thursday";
break;
case 5:
day = "Friday";
break;
case 6:
day = "Saturday";
}
13. How do we write java script with HTML programming? Give an example.
Ans: 3 ways
1. In the <head> of a page

2. In the <body> section
3. In an external file
In the <head > of a page
a JavaScript function is placed in the <head> section of an HTML

page.
Eg:
<html>
<head>
function myFunction()
{
document.write("Hello world");
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<button type="button" onclick="myFunction()">Try it</button>
</body>
</html>
In the <body> section
a JavaScript function is placed in the <body> section of an HTML page.
Eg:
<html>
<body>
document.write("hello world");
</script>
<h2>javascript in body section</h2>
<button type="button" onclick="myFunction()">Try it</button>
</body></html>
In an external file
External scripts are practical when the same code is used in many different web pages.
JavaScript files have the file extension .js
To use an external script, put the name of the script file in the src (source) attribute of a <script> tag.
External scripts can be referenced with a full URL or with a path relative to the current web page.
You can place an external script referencein <head> or <body> s you like.
External scripts cannot contain <script> tags.
Eg:
message.js
function msg()
document.write("Hello world");
<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript" src="message.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<form>
<input type="button“ value=“click it” onclick="msg()“/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
14. Differentiate write and writeln methods in javascript.
Ans:
write() Method
used to write some content or JavaScript code in a document.
Syntax:
document.write( exp1, exp2, exp3, ... )

Eg:
document.write("<h1>Hello World!</h1>”);
document.write(a);
writeln() Method
used to write a document with additional property of newline character after each statement.
Syntax:
document.writeln( exp1, exp2, exp3, ... )
Eg:
document.writeln("<h1>Hello World!</h1>”);
document.writeln(a);
15. Describe various operators used in java script.
Ans:
1. Arithmetic Operators
2. Assignment Operators
3. String Operators
4. Comparison Operators
5. Logical Operators
6. Bitwise Operators
7. Conditional Operator
Arithmetic operators
Operator Description
+ Addition
- Subtraction
* Multiplication
/ Division
% Modulus (Remainder)
** Exponentiation
++ Increment
-- Decrement
Eg: 1
var x = 5;
var z = ++x; // var z = x++;
document.write(z);
Eg: 2
var x = 5;
var z = x ** 2;
// x ** y produces the same result as Math.pow(x,y)
Assignment opeartor
Operator Example Same As
= x=y x=y
+= x += y x=x+y
-= x -= y x=x–y
*= x *= y x=x*y
/= x /= y x=x/y
%= x %= y x=x%y
**= x **= y x = x ** y
String opreators
The + operator can also be used to concatenate strings.
Example: 1
var txt1 = "John";
var txt2 = "Doe";
var txt3 = txt1 + txt2; // txt3=JohnDoe
Example: 2
var txt1 = "What a very ";
txt1 += "nice day"; // txt1=What a very nice day
Example: 3
var x = 5 + 5; // x=10
var y = "5" + 5; // y=55
var z = 5 + "5"; // z=55
Comparison operators
Operator Description Comparing Returns

eg: var x = 5;
== equal to x == 8 false
x == 5 true
x == "5“ true
=== equal value and equal type x === 5 true
x === "5“ false
!= not equal x != 8 true
!== not equal value or not equal type x !== 5 false
x !== "5“ true
x !== 8 true
> greater than x>8 false
< less than x<8 true
>= greater than or equal to x >= 8 false
<= less than or equal to x <= 8 true
Logical operators
Operator Description Example
Eg: var x=6; var y=3;
&& and (x < 10 && y > 1) is true

|| or (x == 5 || y == 5) is false
! Not !(x == y) is true
Bitwise operators
Operator Description Example Same as Result Decimal
& AND 5&1 0101 & 0001 0001 1

| OR 5|1 0101 | 0001 0101 5
~ NOT ~5 ~0101 1010 10
^ XOR 5^1 0101 ^ 0001 0100 4
<< left shift 5 << 1 0101 << 1 1010 10
>> right shift 5 >> 1 0101 >> 1 0010 2
Conditional operator
syntax:
variablename = (condition) ? value1:value2
Example:
varvoteable = (age < 18) ? "Too young":"Old enough";
16. Explain different types of loops in java script.
Loops can execute a block of code a number of times.
mainly two types of loops:
Entry Controlled loops:

In this type of loops the test condition is tested before entering the loop body.
eg: For Loop and While Loop
Exit Controlled Loops:
In this type of loops the test condition is tested or evaluated at the end of loop body. Therefore,
the loop body will execute atleast once, irrespective of whether the test condition is true or false.
eg: do .. while loop
for loop
Syntax:
for (initialization; testing condition; increment/decrement)
{ statement(s) }
Eg:
var text = ““;
var i;
for (i = 1; i < =5; i++)
text += i;
document.write(text);
while loop
Syntax
while(condition)
statement(s)
Eg:
var text = ““;
var i=1;
while(i<=5)
text += i;
i++;
do…while loop
Syntax
do
statement(s)
} while(condition);
Eg:
var text = ““;
var i=1;
do
text += i;
i++;
}while(i<=5);
17. Explain any four array methods in java script.
Ans:
sort() :sorts an array alphabetically
Example
var fruits = ["Banana", "Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
fruits.sort(); // Apple,Banana,Mango,Orange
reverse() :reverses the elements in an array.
[sort an array in descending order.]
Example
var fruits = ["Banana", "Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
fruits.sort();
fruits.reverse(); // Orange,Mango,Banana,Apple
concat() :creates a new array by merging (concatenating) existing arrays.
Example
varmyGirls = [“ammu", “minnu"];
varmyBoys = [“appu", “kichu“];
varmyChildren = myGirls.concat(myBoys);
// ammu, minnu, appu, kichu
slice(): slices out a piece of an array into a new array.
Example
var fruits = [“Banana", "Orange", "Lemon”];
var citrus = fruits.slice(1); // Orange,Lemon
[The slice() method creates a new array. It does not remove any elements from the source array.]
Example
var fruits = ["Banana", "Orange", "Lemon", "Apple", "Mango"];
var citrus = fruits.slice(1, 3); // Orange, Lemon
18. Explain string methods in java script.

Ans:
A JavaScript string stores a series of characters.
Creating instance of a string
string_object_name = new String(value)
eg: mystring = new String(“Welcome to Majlis”);
alert(mystring);
String methods
Method purpose
big() displays string as if in a <big> element
bold() displays string as if in a <bold> element
italics() displays string as if in a <i> element
small() displays string as if in a <small> element
strike() displays string as if in a <strike> element
sub() displays string as if in a <sub> element
sup() displays string as if in a <sup> element
fontcolor()displays a string using a specified color(<font color= “green”>
fontsize() displays a string using a specified size
string.fontcolor("color")
indexOf() : returns the index of (the position of) the first occurrence of a specified text in a string
Example
mystring = new String(“Welcome to Majlis”);
pos = mystring.indexOf(“to"); // 8
lastIndexOf() : Returns the position of the last found occurrence of a specified value in a string
Eg:
mystring = new String(“Welcome to Majlis to CS”);

pos = mystring.lastIndexOf(“to");
substr() : Extracts the characters from a string, beginning at a specified start position, and through the
specified number of character.
Syntax
string.substr(start, length)
Start : The position where to start the extraction. First character is at index 0.
start>=length returns empty string
start –ve returns last character
length : Optional. The number of characters to extract. If omitted, it extracts the rest of the string
substring() : Extracts the characters from a string, between two specified indices
Syntax
string.substring(start, end)
Start : Required.
The position where to start the extraction.
First character is at index 0
End : Optional. The position (up to, but not including) where to end the extraction. If omitted, it
extracts the rest of the string
toLowerCase() Converts a string to lowercase letters
toUpperCase() Converts a string to uppercase letters
trim() Removes whitespace from both ends of a string
charAt() Returns the character at the specified index
19. Explain different events in java script.
Ans:
An event occurs when something happens.
2 types
Window events : Which occur when something happens to a window.

e.g : load ,focus
User events : Which occur when the user interacts with elements in the page using pointing device.
2 types:
Mouse events eg : onclick
Keyboard events eg : onkeypress
Window events
onload : when an object has been loaded
onunload : once a page has unloaded (or the browser window has been closed).
onresize : when the browser window is resized.
onerror : when an error occurs while loading an external file (e.g. a document or an image).
onfocus : the moment that the element gets focus.
[onfocus is most often used with <input>, <select>, and <a>.]
Onblur : the moment that the element loses focus.
[ The onblur is the opposite of the onfocus]
Onsubmit : when a form is submitted.
Onreset : when a form is reset.
Onchange : the moment when the value of the element is changed.
Oninput : when an element gets user input.
Onselect : after some text has been selected in an element.
Keyboard events
Onkeydown : The event occurs when the user is pressing a key.
Onkeyup : The event occurs when the user releases a key.
onkeypress : The event occurs when the user presses a key.
Example:
<html>
<body>
<input type="text" onkeypress="myFunction()“>
<script>
alert("You pressed a key inside the input field");
</script>
</body>
</html>
Mouse events
Events that occur when the mouse interacts with the HTML document.
Onclick : The event occurs when the user clicks on an element
Ondblclick : The event occurs when the user double-clicks on an element
Onmousedown : The event occurs when the user presses a mouse button over an element.
Onmouseup : The event occurs when a user releases a mouse button over an element.
onmouseover : The event occurs when the pointer is moved onto an element.
Onmouseout : The event occurs when a user moves the mouse pointer out of an element.
Onmousemove : The event occurs when the pointer is moving while it is over an element.
Onmouseenter : The event occurs when the pointer is moved onto an element.
Eg:
<button onclick="myFunction()">

PHP Module 2-1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

PHP Module 2-1

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

PHP Module 2-1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

WEB PROGRAMMING USING PHP

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

WEB PROGRAMMING USING PHP (5th Semester Online Study Material)

B.Sc Computer Science & BCA

(Questions and answers based on second Module)

1. JavaScript is developed by ------

2. In JavaScript ----keyword is used to declare a function.

3. The blur event is the opposite of the ----event.

4. Name various java script events.

Ans: onclick,ondblclick,onsubmit,Onreset,Onmousemove,Onkeypress,onload etc.

5. Java script is embedded between ----HTML tags.

6. What is an event? Give an example.

Ans: An event occurs when something happens.

1. Window events : Which occur when something happens to a window.

e.g : load ,focus

Mouse events eg : onclick

7. Explain how to declare the variables in java script.

variables are used to store data values.

JavaScript uses the var keyword to declare variables.

An equal sign is used to assign values to variables.

In this example, x is defined as a variable. Then, x is assigned the value 6

A JavaScript function is a block of code designed to perform a particular task.

A JavaScript function is defined with

the function keyword,

followed by parentheses ().

function name(parameter 1, parameter 2,… ,parameter n)

function myFunction(p1, p2)

A JavaScript function is executed when "something" invokes it (calls it).

When an event occurs (eg:when a user clicks a button)

When it is invoked (called) from JavaScript code

alert ("Hello JavaScripters!");

<button onclick=“myFunction() “/>

9. How will you insert a comment in java script?

It can also be used to prevent execution.

Single line comments

Single line comments start with //

//this is an example code

Multi-line comments start with /* and end with */

Any text between /* and */ will be ignored by JavaScript.

10. Explain popup boxes in java script.

alert("sometext"); // window. alert("sometext");

11. Write short notes on break and continue in java script.

jump out of a current loop

skip a part of a loop

12. Explain conditional statements in used in java script.

The if statement specifies a block of code to be executed if a condition is true.

// block of code to be executed if the condition is true

// block of code to be executed if the condition is false

<button onclick=“check() “>

// block of code to be executed if condition1 is true

// block of code to be executed if the condition1 is false and condition2 is true

// block of code to be executed if the condition1 is false and condition2 is false

• The switch expression is evaluated once.

switch (new Date().getDay())

1. In the <head> of a page

In the <head > of a page

a JavaScript function is placed in the <head> section of an HTML

In the <body> section

a JavaScript function is placed in the <body> section of an HTML page.