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RS299a-Chapter 3b-Data Presentation

This document discusses different methods for presenting statistical data, including textual, tabular, and graphical representations. It provides examples and guidelines for constructing frequency distribution tables and common graph types like scatter plots, line graphs, bar graphs, and pie charts. The document also demonstrates how to create tables and graphs using Microsoft Excel.

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Britney Pimentel
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26 views19 pages

RS299a-Chapter 3b-Data Presentation

This document discusses different methods for presenting statistical data, including textual, tabular, and graphical representations. It provides examples and guidelines for constructing frequency distribution tables and common graph types like scatter plots, line graphs, bar graphs, and pie charts. The document also demonstrates how to create tables and graphs using Microsoft Excel.

Uploaded by

Britney Pimentel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RS 299a: Statistics in Research

JOSEPH G.TABAN
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

By the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:


• Organize and present data using tables and graphs
• Construct a frequency distribution table
LESSONS OUTLINE:

• Methods of Presenting Data


• Frequency Distribution Table
PRESENTATION OF DATA

Three ways of Presenting Data


1. Textual
2. Tabular
3. Graphical
1. TEXTUAL PRESENTATION

This presentation summarizes the data in paragraph or narrative


form. Textual presentation allows us to highlight the significant figures of
the study. Important figures are included in the text of the report. These
figures may be summary statistics like the minimum, maximum, mean,
median, standard deviation, percentage or total.
Example:
The weekly allowance of the 30 students from Grade 10 -
Amethyst ranges from 100 to 1200 pesos. More than half of them have
weekly allowance of at most 500 pesos. Only three of them, or 10%, have
a weekly allowance of at least 1,000 pesos.
2. TABULAR PRESENTATION

This summarizes classificatory data in a systematic


and logical arrangement into rows and columns called
statistical table. Figures are arranged in rows and columns
for easy reading and analysis.
Tabular presentation allows us to compare and look
for relationships among the variables of interest. Tables can
have frequency counts, proportions, percentages, and other
summary measures such as totals and averages.
EXAMPLE

Table 2
Distribution of Monthly Family Income of 332 Households in
Brgy. Masaya
Monthly Family Income f %
P5,000 and below 186 56.02
P5,001 - P10,000 81 24.40
P10,001 - P15,000 35 10.54
P15,001 and above 30 9.04
Total 332 100.00
3. GRAPHICAL PRESENTATION

• It is a good way of communicating the numerical figures found in tables.


Charts facilitate analysis when it reveals probable relationships among
variables.
• Graphical presentation also allows comparison of different series or
groups. Data are represented through the use of graphs or charts
(illustrations of numerical data). Charts show only approximations and
the general picture of the data set.
• A good chart must be accurate, clear, simple, professional-looking, and
has a well-designed layout. The chart should have no visual illusions with
the incorrect use of shadings or patterns. We should put chart titles,
scale figures and labels, and legends, if necessary.
Common Types of Graphs

• Scatter Diagram
• Line graph
• Bar Graph
• Pie chart
1. SCATTER DIAGRAM

It is a graph used to present measurements or values


that are thought to be related.
Example.

Fig.1. Scatter diagram showing the relationship between age and weight of selected
students
2. LINE GRAPH

• It is an effective graph used to portray changes in values with respect to


time. Variations in the data are indicated by a series of line segments
formed by joining consecutive points plotted above categories.
• Example of a multiple line graph

Fig. 2. Distribution of Students in the College of Nursing by Curriculum Year


Level for the Period 2002-2006
3. BAR GRAPH

This consists of bars of equal width either all vertical


or horizontal. The length represents the magnitude of the
quantities being compared.
Types:
• Vertical bar graphs are generally used for chronological comparison or
comparing data taken at a particular time.
• Horizontal bar graphs are used to show categorical comparison.
• Example of Vertical Bar Graph

Fig. 3. Distribution of Enrolment in a College for the


Period 2000-2006
• Example of Horizontal Bar Graph

Fig. 4. Distribution of favorite math subjects of students


4. PIE CHART OR CIRCLE GRAPH

It is the appropriate graph for portraying the


relative magnitude of the component parts of a
whole.
This also shows the number or percentage
of qualitative or categorical data for a specific
time. The slices provide percentage comparison
of several categories of a variable
Example:

Fig. 5. Distribution of Students in the University of Northern


Philippines
HOW TO CREATE CHARTS
The best software for creating tables and graphs is MS Excel.
In order to create charts using MS Excel, access the INSERT
ribbon, and add the desired graph at the CHARTS group:

Fig. 6. Creating tables and graphs in Microsoft Excel


EXAMPLE
1. The following is a data on the marital status of 36 barangay
captains in a certain municipality. Ten are single, 20 are married,
4 are widowed, and 2 are separated.
Present the data using:
a. Table
b. Graphs (2 appropriate graphs)

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