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 VoLTE introduction
Data service

Voice service(QCI1&5)

Video phone(QCI1&2&5)
Dedicated Bearer(GBR)QCI=2

3GPP IR.92 standard recommends VoLTE to use dual APN architecture ，Default APN（data service）and IMS
APN（voice & video phone）
When UE attach, setup default bearer QCI9 for data service between UE and Default APN
After UE attach, setup QCI5 default bearer with IMS APN for SIP signaling
VoLTE voice service, setup QCI1 dedicated bearer for voice, and QCI1&QCI2 dedicated bearers for voice &
video
VoLTE speech coding scheme includes AMR-WB and AMR-NB, coding rates are：
AMR-NB：12.2K、10.2K、7.95K、7.4K、6.7K、5.9K、5.15K、4.75K
AMR-WB： 23.85K、23.05K、19.85K、18.25K、15.85K、14.25K、12.65K、8.85K、6.6K
During the silent period , sending SID( SID frame) in each of160ms
• Radio network setup QCI1&CQI5 bearers for VoLTE services (QCI1&QCI5 with higher priority), which have higher
priority of scheduling, secured bandwidth, low latency, and so on. So, the high-grade voice call is guaranteed.
• The speech coding scheme is determined by both IMS and UE
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 eSRVCC introduction
 eSRVCC：After the VoLTE voice call setup, SRVCC-support UE moves into the LTE weak coverage area where GSM or UMTS coverage
is stronger, voice service could be handoverd from LTE PS domain to G/U CS domain. The continuity of voice call is guaranteed.
 When data service accompanied, there are 2 scenarios: CS only SRVCC and DTM supported in GREAN, data service could be
recovered in a few seconds after Rau; CS+PS SRVCC, data service could be recovered in hundreds of millisecond

HSS
MME IMS
eMSC
6 GSM/UMT
5

LTE 4 S
3
S-GW P-GW

8
7

2 GSM/UMTS
1

1）UE setup a voice call with eNB 5）Cell resource prepared , G/U responds HO request
2）LTE signal below threshold , UE starts G/U measurement 6）IMS/MME send HO command to eNB
3）HO threshold to G/U cell satisfied, eNB send HO request 7） eNB transfer HO command to UE
4）MME/IMS completes addressing, then builds HO path 8） UE access G/U cell

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VoLTE appeals new challenges
Deployment of VoLTE appeals new requirements on cell edge rate, resource scheduling, QoS,
continuity, and latency; and appeals new challenges on coverage and capacity as well
High cell edge rate
ensures video phone
high cell
Resource
edge rate
Scheduling
Resource scheduling
Continuity is foundation of new requirements ensure capacity
voice service Continuity for VoLTE
High
Qos

Low High QoS is VoLTE’s

Low delay improves Latency cornerstone
voice experience

For above appeals, deploying RoHC, semi-persistent scheduling, eSRVCC, admission & congestion control, DRX
to improve network coverage and capacity

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VoLTE Deployment Compact & Overall Strategies
VoLTE deployment impact VoLTE overall strategies
Basically, voice WB12.65k can be satisfied with DL Features:
1Mbps requirement of inter-site distance under •Enable: RoHC, Semi-persistent Scheduling, admission control,
current RF planning DRX
•Enable: TII Bundling
Voice WB 23.85k coverage is little weaker than
WB12.65k
Coverage IRAT strategy & parameter:
LTE ferquency band can not satisfy in-depth coverage •Enable eSRVCC to UTRAN, optimize the threshold
requirement of voice service •Inherit live system reselection strategy, optimize LTE to G/U re-
selection parameters
VP service can not be satisfied duo to discontinuous
coverage Capacity expansion
•Add new site (macro, micro, indoor) to meet new coverage
Capacity WB Voice with WB12.65k has superiorities of requirement
coverage, capacity, and quality •Carrier expansion in hotspot

There is no need to expand transmission capacity for Enable load balancing in the co-coverage area of multiple
voice & VP service in temporary because of low carriers
requirement for transmission
Duo to requirement of higher uplink data rate, VP Inter & intra frequency parameter
Quality service is subjected to uplink coverage •Keep the inter & intra frequency reselection policy and
parameter
Single carrier is deficient in VP service capacity •Optimization for special scenario (high overlap, ping-pang)
Coding scheme, packet loss, jitter are 3 key factors of
VoLTE coding scheme:
voice quality. Pay more attention to transmission
• Voice AMR-WB12.65k, AMR-NB12.2k
quality, reasonable handover, and radio coverage.
• VP 384kbps

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Huawei VoLTE Service Solution
Evaluation Design KPI Verification Optimization
• Capacity analysis • VoLTE feature design •Pilot validation •VoLTE parameter check
Service • Coverage analysis • Neighbor design •VoLTE SSV(CQT) •VoLTE KPI test (DT)
Enhanced
• Cell parameter design •VoLTE KPI monitoring •KPI Improvement
service
Basic package
service • 2G/3G parameter design •VoLTE troubleshooting •VIP complaint process
package •VoLTE MOS optimization

Coverage & Capacity

Network Design VoLTE Validation KPI optimization
Evaluation

•VoLTE coverage capacity •Scenario based strategy • VoLTE validation •Multi-signal test
design •voice test solution (PA) •VoLTE terminal test
Capability analysis
• GUL coordination • VoLTE parameter check
•U-Net evaluation
strategy design • VIP complaint process
• VoLTE KPI enhancement

RND Nastar PRS

Platform U-Net
U-Net P&A
OMStar U2000

 Make customized solution by considering coverage and capacity impact from different spectrum band and RAT;
 Minimized exist network change，ensure VoLTE seamless coverage by reasonable service solution design;
 E2E voice issue troubleshooting and KPI analysis，fast solve voice KPI issue and improve user voice experience.

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VoLTE Service Coordination Strategy Design

HO & Reselection Neighbor Cell Load Control

 Idle mode reselection design  Neighbor tuning strategy  Phase 1：MLB strategy design
 SRVCC strategy design design  Phase 2：access control strategy
 2G/3G fallback strategy design  L->GU neighbor design design
 Service Hierarchical strategy  GU->L neighbor design  Phase 3：traffic control and
design redirection design

Multi-scenario based VoLTE coordination design ensures better service experience.

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VoLTE Network Coverage and Resource Evaluation
Network Coverage Evaluation Network Capacity Evaluation
Ensure VoLTE Service Continuous Experience Reduce VoLTE Traffic Load impact

Single Service Single Site Single Site

Code Type Rate
Transmission BH Traffic Bandwidth

AMR-NB 12.2Kbps 29Kbps 15 Erl

Need enhance AMR-WB 12.65Kbps 29Kbps 5 Erl
1.2Mbps
coverage for
AMR-WB 23.85Kbps 35.9Kbps NA
VoLTE
Video 768Kbps 798Kbps 0.8 Erl

 Geo-located analysis for precise evaluation  VoLTE traffic analysis and load evaluation
 Voice code type and coverage analysis  Customized VoLTE capacity design
 Traditional voice and VoLTE benchmark test  Transmission and carrier expansion configuration as per
 Weak coverage identification of VoLTE evaluation result

 Reasonable network coverage and resource evaluation can reduce commercial launch risk before VoLTE deployment;
 As input for precise VoLTE planning，reduce network cost of optimization and maintenance.

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 VoLTE coverage analysis
Coverage comparison Based on RF planning of inter-site distance requirement for
type link budget
0 200 400 600 800 DL 1Mbps , the coverage analysis is:
power 40W
LTE_2600 语音  Voice WB 23.85k coverage weaker than WB12.65k
303 antenna 1800：15dB
(12.65k)
gain 2600：16.5dB  Video service cannot be satisfied due to discontinuous
LTE_2600 语音
290 transmit and 4T4R
(23.85k)
receive type coverage
LTE_2600 视频
196 penetration 1800:18dB  eSRVCC can solve continuous coverage of Voice service
(384k)
loss 2600:22dB
LTE_2600 数据(DL  Video service could be handovered to UTRAN only if EPC/
227 Terminal 23dBm
1Mbps)
power RNC/ IMS support eSRVCC; Video phone can not be used
LTE_1800 语音
504 load 50%
(12.65k) in GSM, enhancement of LTE coverage is a must
LTE_1800 语音 feeder loss 3dB
483
(23.85k) feature ROHC
LTE_1800 视频 Suggestions ：
330
(384k)
LTE_1800 数据(DL
 Higher priority of building sites with LTE low frequency
378 Dense Urban
1Mbps) band to ensure coverage continuity of voice & video
UMTS 语音 343  In areas where co-channel sites could not be added any
GSM900 语音 630 more, due to high co-channel interference, multi-
frequency networking is highly suggested.

The data is initial assessment ,as reference data  In areas where macro can not be added，micro or
Coverage distence (m)
indoor sites could be considered

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 VoLTE capacity analysis
Service Traffic model Cell capacity analysis (20M carrier , Cat3 terminal ）
 30~60Erl per site(3 cell) on 3G,first year LTE traffic is 30% of 3G, about Service type Access users in average Maximum
distribution access users
10~20Erl per site
Voice 80(20ms scheduling) 100(20ms scheduling)
 Refer to 3G video service model, video to voice rate is 1:25, video traffic 160(40ms scheduling ) 200(40ms scheduling)
is 0.8Erl per site. video（384kbps） 55 99
 Call between LTE and 2G/3G uses AMR-NB12.2kbps, Call within LTE use video（768kbps） 29 53
AMR-WB 12.65kbps, AMR-NB to AMR-WB traffic rate is 3:1 Data 400 400
Above data are system capacity for single service
 Based on per TTI scheduling capability and 0.6 activity factor
• Voice capacity: access users restricted by equipment scheduling
capability(PDCCH scheduling limitation)
• Video capacity: access users restricted by uplink rate, uplink peak
Transmission resource usage analysis rate is 45Mbps, average rate is 25Mbps, cell -level access user could be
Coding Coding Single Estimated Single site calculated by cell data rate and single user date rate
scheme rate service single site transmissi • Date capacity: access users restricted by product specification
transmissi busy on
on usage hour Erlan
bandwidth • Duo to low capacity of a single cell, 384kbps video phone service is suggested
g
• Slight impact on live network capacity. Single carrier can support this traffic
AMR-NB 12.2kbps 29kbps 15 1.2Mbps model, there is no need to expand transmission system temporarily.
• Suggest to enable RoHC and SPS feature to increase system capacity. In hotspot
AMR-WB 12.65kbps 29kbps 5
area, capacity expansion is considered
AMR-WB 23.85kbps 35.9kbps NA
video 768kbps 798kbps 0.8
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VoLTE Service Trouble-shooting and VIP Care
VoLTE Trouble-shooting VIP Experience Care Complaint Process

Implement
呼叫汇总信息
业务类型

Process procedure
异常原因
承载分析
测量报告 用户信息
VoLTE root reason analysis • 接入信息
移动分析 • 释放信息
…
信令流程

Issue classified and trouble-shooting

 Terminal and product checking  VIP area geographic visibility  Multi-domain joint analysis
 Network transmission analysis  Network to cell VIP analysis  Fast task creation，easy process
 Coverage and quality issue analysis  Platform improve efficiency  Complaint track for closure
 OMStar&Nastar joint analysis 30+times  Efficiency improved by 3+ times

 Fast trouble-shooting by SOP and VIP user care for improving VoLTE performance and service
experience.

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 VoLTE Radio Feature Description
Stage sub-function Config suggestion Commercial suggestion
VoLTE basic function Default configuration Open
1)Suggest to configure QCI1 handover parameter independently,
that will avoid impact on normal BE service(configure QCI1 highest
priority, CQI5 lowest priority in CellStandardQci.QciPriorityForHo
MO)
Intra-RAT 2)Default VoLTE parameter can be deploy at the original stage, and
Basic VoLTE mobility (Reselection, Intra- parameter optimization can be implemented by proposal from DT Open
Function frequency handover, IFHO) and KPI monitoring
3)At present, it is only suggested to choose coverage-based to
trigger intra-RAT handover, and forbid other methods (traffic-
based handover would introduce more handover, user
experience degrade obviously)
Inter-RAT mobility
Open（can be Closed when LTE perform seamless coverage ）
（Reselection,、SRVCC）
Disable in current commercial network:
1) Few commercial terminal support RoHC and lack of beta test and conclusion, difficult
RoHC O mode Profile 1、2 to evaluate reliability of UE RoHC
2) RoHC feature strictly require corporation between network and UE, new RoHC
VoLTE
capable UE must do IOT test firstly to verify if it fulfill spec.
Enhance
Disable in commercial network:
coverage&
1)DRX has benefit of power saving, but frequently switch between active and sleep may
power saving DRX
influence voice quality. Suggest to arrange VoLTE+DRX beta test in commercial
network to verify no impact performance KPI and user experience before launch
Disable in commercial network:
TTI bundling NA（only switch parameter, no other parameters） 1) no commercial UE support TTIB, lack of beta testing, difficult to evaluate reliability of
UE TTIB
Disable in commercial network:
1) no commercial UE support SPS, lack of beta test, difficult to evaluate reliability of UE
1)Uplink SPS power control and uplink SPS switch should be
TTIB.
enabled at the same time
SPS 2)the advantage of SPS is decrease PDCCH consume, increase VoLTE capacity. This may
2)Downlink SPS switch should be ON, downlink SPS power control
VoLTE capacity has limit benefit when VoLTE traffic is very low 3)According to spec. define, max MCS of
should be OFF
improvement SPS is 15 and it cannot adjustment RB/MCS dynamic, and it may not satisfy fast fading
scenario, if there was no requirement from capacity, no need to deploy SPS
Uplink delay scheduling NA（only switch parameter, no other parameters） suggested not commercial use now:1）lack of traffic test result
Admission & congestion suggested not commercial use now:1）lack of traffic test result, algorithm overhead &
Default configuration
control control precision are unsoundness in case of traffic scenario ,need beta test.
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 VoLTE Camping policy power on
VoLTE UE has same camping strategy with normal， core network based on the ability of Attach Request message information of UE, the confirmation of
registrer to VoLTE or CSFB
The network selection process The registration process
UE camp on LTE if level Terminal domain selection
registration process
received high than the parameters
minimum access level of LTE, SGs combined registered successfully, the voice service using CSFB,
or try to camp on UMTS CS Voice only
camped on LTE
SGs combined registered failure and UE for voice priority, return to the
camping policy on LTE： 3G/2G to register
LTE(high) 1.first power on search all
SIB IMS registered successfully, the voice service using VoLTE way
band support, choose the IMS PS Voice only IMS registered failure and UE for voice priority, return to the 3G/2G to
strongest signal cell access. register
2.non first power on
UMTS(middle) SGs combined registered successfully, the voice service using CSFB;
SIB optimization a resident band. CS voice preferred， combined registered failure, launched IMS register and successfully,
IMS PS Voice as secondary voice service using VoLTE;
camp on UMTS If support Two registration fail, UE voice priority, return to the 3G/2G to register
GSM (low) and meet the minimum At the same time to complete the SGs and IMS registration, voice use
access level , otherwise VoLTE ;
SIB
select GSM IMS registration failed, voice use CSFB , according to the agreement, UE
IMS PS voice preferred， CS try to a IMS registration every 10 minutes.
camp on GSM If meet the Voice as secondary IMS registration successes, combined SGs registration failed, UE camp
on LTE, voice service use VoLTE
minimum access level , The IMS and SGs combined with registration failed, UE voice priority,
otherwise out off network
Priority of system acquisition: return to the 3G/2G registration
LTE (high) 、 UMTS (middle)、GSM (low) If UE is registered in the IMS and CFSB all failed during attachéstage, UE will degrade to 2G/3G
network. The use of Qualcomm chip UE will periodically to open the 4G capacity(the default period
UE capacity will inform the network in the attachment phase, is 12 minutes, can be set）, if move to the 4G region tried to register; if there is no 4G network, in
CSFB and eSRVCC in the wireless side by a separate Parameter the periodic attempts duration 6S and can not register (mobile test results, later need to test
confirmation); UE use other chip, will not open 4G ability (unless reboot), will always camp in the
control, mutual influence 2G/3G network

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 VoLTE Idle mode reselection policy
inter-RAT
reselection(inter-
inter-frequency frequency and same
inter-RAT reselection：
intra-frequency
reselection threshold: 1
reselection (hybrid priority scene): threshold LTE RSRP intra-frequency reselection measurment threshold
threshold 4/5 network): threshold 2/3
2/3
2600 frequency
high
band
inter-frequency / inter-RAT reselection inter-frequency
2600 frequency measurment threshold (same priority ）
1800 frequency 1800 frequency
LTE band band band ●
/hybrid network
threshold1
inter-frequency / inter-RAT reselection
trigger threshold

threshold 2 ● No inter-
inter-system reselection measurment
UMTS UMTS UMTS UMTS Threshold 3
●
threshold frequency or
high priority
inter-frequency
inter-system reselection trigger
threshold 4 scene
● threshold
threshold 5 ●
GSM GSM GSM GSM
low
Edge coverage

 Inter-frequency and inter-RAT measurement share same threshold， threshold 2（ inter-frequency and dual-mode network） threshold 4（no inter-frequency ） Can only
choose one
 Inter-frequency cell reselection triggering threshold need to consider video service continuity , the existing network settings can offer continuous
video (video service has not been tested）

 idle mode， inter-RAT measurement threshold from-114dBm, RSRP<-121dBm&RSCP>-103dBm trigger reselection; VoLTE service call setup need
batter SINR, for some high interference region, according to the current network conditions to increase reselection threshold, to avoid VoLTE in
weak coverage areas call setup. (advice to adjust according to the corresponding scene)

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VoLTE Intra-frequcency handover policy
S1 inerface handover
X2 inerface handover process process
S1
S1 MME
8.Handover
X2 6.Handover 2.Handover require confirm
confirm 3.Handover
5.Handover request
command 4.Handover
2.Handover request 1.UE通过MR上 request ACK
1.Ueuse MR 报邻区RSRP
report RSRP 3.Handover request ACK 5.RRC 6.RRC Reconfiguration 7.RRC
measurement 4.RRC Reconfiguration Reconfiguration Reconfiguration
CMP service interruption duration50-80ms CMP
service interruption duration30-
50ms

• LTE X2 handover duration30~50ms， S1 handover duration50~80ms （GSM handover duration120ms-

140ms），x2 handover reduce impact of MOS；
• intra-frequency handover hysteresis 2dB（trigger handover if neighboring cells higher than serving cell ），
probability ping-pang handover，reduce MOS value，suggestion：
 The erratic fluctuation of radio environment （e.g：crossroads），increased intra-frequnecy
handover hysteresis according to radio environment ,reduce ping-pang handover
 one-way moving of high speed railway ， intra-frequency handover policy would not lead to ping-
pang handover, suggested use existing parameters
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VoLTE Inter-handover policy
VoLTE interference increased by more service provided， multi-carrier scene need to banlance traffic for each
barrier,，ensure voice quality,and to maximize resource usage
To Ping-pang handover avoided，suggestion：
1800 frequceny band A4 threshold- 2600 frequceny band A2 threshold>4dB

2600 frequency 2600 frequency load-based handover

band band
coverage-based handover

1800 frequency 1800 frequency 1800 frequency 1800 frequency

band band band band

 UE move to edge coverage will trigger coverage-based inter-frequency handover,existing network setting
accord with VoLTE need.
 Open load-based inter-frequency function：when load of serving cell attained to threshold ，MLB algorithm
will choose some UEs to receive load-based inter-frequency measurement according to frequency of UE,APR
and resource. Wen signal of inter-frequency attained to threshold,handover to inter-frequency neighboring
cell. 。It can be banlanced load of carriers and increased usage by load-based inter-frequency function.
 Traffic-based handover fit for service hierarchical scene(1800 as coverage layer to bear high priority
service,2600 as data layer to bear Non GBR data service),used for 1800/2600 hierarchical and
continuouscoverage scene.

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 VoLTE Inter-system interoperability policy
eSRVCC return use
voice CSFB Enhance FR existing UL interoperability policy
LU UL

CSFB UE voice joint LTE UE PS service default camp on LTE

attach U/L
LTE
Idle UL two-way reselection
Voice eSRVCC
LU
Active UL two-way reselection

UL FR
ULbased eSRVCC Active U G redirection G U recelection
automatic FR UMTS
Voice eSRVCC
Use existing Idle G U reselectioon Voice CSFB
Gunteroperability config
Idle mode
GSM
Data active mode
eSRVCC handover L->U：
 ）LTE voice handover UMTS by Esrvcc,if LTE level can not content Qos.(need terminal support function)
 videophone ，adopt eSRVCC，and supported by EPC/RNC/IMS could handover UMTS（ need terminal support function ）
eSRVCC finished,return U->L：
 Network FR（in R&D version SRAN10.1， correspond RAN17.1）
 terminal automatic FR（ need terminal support function ）
 After UMTS on hook ，reture use existing UL interoperability policy

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 VoLTE Inter-system interoperability policy – eSRVCC handover judgment
process illustration
Open coverage-based eSRVCC need to adjust existing parameters.
Analysis for A2：
LTE RSRP
3G RSCP Existing network Suggested A2
high high Service A2 threshold threshold
Adjust parameter， type
3G 2G 3G 2G
active 3G measurement
Voice close close -110dBm close

A2 B1_UTRAN
● ● Data -115dBm close -115dBm close

video Video phone fall back 3G

A2_blind ● low
• eSRVCC need to launch neighboring cell for 3G,handover to 3G
low Time
① ② ③ • On eSRVCC process, if UE not support inter-RAT measurement,
user move to edge coverage of LTE eNB pending delivers the A4 measurement configuration, will
wait until time point③ launch to 3G redirection
Time point ③
Time point① Time point ② • When voice and data concurrency ,support by terminal and
3G signal not coincidence network(MME/RNC/IMS)，use eSRVCC PS+CS handover to 3G
LTE RSRP below A2，Ue UE MR indicate 3G level requirement of B1 or UE not support
report A2 event -> eNB above B1_UTRAN，report inter-frequency measure，LTE RSRP
deliver B1 measurement--》 B1 event--》eNB launch to below A2_blind，trigger A2 blind
UE measure 3G signal。- 3G eSRVCC event--》eNB lanuch to 3G blind
115dBm is A2 threshold for handoverB1_UTRAN=- redrirection， voice interrupt。现A2
PS service 103dBm blind threshold is for-121dBm PS，to
voice consider to reduce threshold
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 VoLTE different system interoperability Strategy-voLTE and CSFB and
signaling in the difference on triggering
Camp stage CSFB process VoLTE（eSRVCC）process
UE eNodeB MME

Carry the The establishment

RRCConSetupComplete CSFB indicator of IMS signaling in
(AttachRequest)
LTE
InitialUEMsg Indicator
(Attach Request)
down to
InitialContextSetupReq WCDMA
(Attach Accept)
RRCConRecfg Establishes the
(Attach Accept)
………. voice bearing in the
LTE network

Attach The message and the core ………. Carries WCDMA

network deliberative voice pattern frequency
•CS Voice only information to fall
•CS Voice preferred back WCDMA
•IMS PS Voice only eSRVCC handover
•IMS PS voice preferred to WCDMA network
……….
• eSRVCC is the VoLTE voice handover process. voice Established already servce on 4G ,
UE handover to the WCDMA network on conversation process , needed to configure the
WCDMA neighboring cell and related handover parameter
• CSFB is the voice fall back process. The base station trigger directed by MME S1 signaling.
The current deployment redirect WCDMA mode, so only need to configure the WCDMA
frequency
• VoLTE and CSFB can be deployed, do not affect each other in parameters and process

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Neighboring cell plan policy

LTE LTE LTE

LTE

UMTS UMTS UMTS UMTS

GSM GSM GSM GSM

CSFB Frequency allocation  At present most CSFB policies are the blind redirections, does not need to make similar to
handover preparation process , UE can access WCDMA via configure frequency directly
Unidirectional neighboring cell
 ESRVCC was handover process, including WCDMA and cell information measuring and reporting of
Bidirectional neighboring cell UE report, eNodeB must find the corresponding CGI information from the neighboring cell list, and
the information to the target network to prepare resources before handover, therefore need to
Increases the eSRVCC
neighboring cell configure actual neighboring cell

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 VoLTE - Load control policy
VoLTE uesr increased can increase load of cell，need load control to policy ensure performance ofnetwork

Light load light congestion congestion

Idle mode cell reselection Idle mode UEon1800 Congestion control
Access control
frequency band

Idle mode UE on
capacity 2600 2600 frequency Load monitor
band CPU ，SRS ，PUCCH ，
New access
user NO，RB usage 、UE
coverage 1800 QoS complained、RB
ability ，QOS degree of
satisfaction high usage、downlink
achieve load balance between 1800&2600 frequency band： power restricted
1.Band 2.6G has higher priority Reestablishme Access control reject/preemp
nt required tive/ Congestion control trigger
2.Band 1.8G set high threshold of inter-frequency reselection
redirection
and judgement
 keep current policy of concentric cells with different admit
frequencies recelection Handover Resource
required allocation low priority service
Handover in active mode release/redirection
Cross band load balance 2600
service cell load>load handover trigger threshold • Voice service has the highest priority, priority
protection of voice service resource demand
service cell load- inter-frequency neighboring cell
load>load handover judgement threshold
1800  suggestion to open the hot spots in the access control, through the different QCI admittance
threshold , ensure the voice priority access; not recommended to open the Grab and
 suggest open load-based concentric cells with
redirection function ( Grab and redirection will affect the user sensation), suggestions to solve
different frequencies handover for D/F concentric
scene through load balancing or expansion
 The proposed temporary does not open the congestion control (influence user sensation),
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permission.
VoLTE feature parameters & configuration process
step Working content Requirement

License load License load Load VoLTE license

Basic functions Configure cell-level VoIP functional

Basic functions
switch for eNodeB
Configure parameters of semi-
persistent scheduling , header
Key features Key features compression, uplink power control,
uplink HARQ, admission control,
congestion control and DRX, etc.
4G->3G SRVCC 4G->3G
neighboring cell SRVCCneighborin Plan neighbor data; Configure IRAT
g cell frequencies, external cell description,
configuration and neighboring cell data
SRVCC function

SRVCC function Open SRVCC function

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 Enable VoLTE basic function
The system default setting has already open the Query QCI RLC PDCP parameter group ID:LST STANDARDQCI
VoIP basic function. It generally only need to check Query QCI RlcMode mode: LST RLCPDCPPARAGROUP
the configuration of the following parameters :
Establishes the VoIP QCI=5 load bearing RLC mode is the AM mode, the QCI=1 load bearing RLC
1. Check the RLC PDCP parameter group ID of mode is the UM mode:
QCI=1/2/5 MOD STANDARDQCI: Qci=QCI5, RlcPdcpParaGroupId=4;
MOD STANDARDQCI: Qci=QCI1, RlcPdcpParaGroupId=0;
2. Check the QCI=1/2/5 RlcMode transmission MOD RLCPDCPPARAGROUP: RlcPdcpParaGroupId=4, RlcMode=RlcMode_AM;
mode MOD RLCPDCPPARAGROUP: RlcPdcpParaGroupId=0, RlcMode=RlcMode_UM;
LST RLCPDCPPARAGROUP check the QCI=5
bearing mode to AM mode, RLC mode to UM Parameter name Parameter ID Suggestion
mode carrying QCI=1/2; if a configuration error, Keep the default configuration. Different QCI
use the MOD RLCPDCPPARAGROUP command corresponding to different RLC mode, according
to modify RLC mode to the QCI version has adaptive configuration of
（RLC-UM or RLC- RlcMode transmission mode。
3. Check the eNodeB VoIP support switch AM mode） QCI1： RlcMode_UM(UM mode)
LST ENODEBALGOSWITCH to check if VoIP QCI2： RlcMode_UM(UM mode)
support switch is open; otherwise, use the QCI5： RlcMode_AM(AM mode)
MOD ENODEBALGOSWITCH command to open Keep the default configuration (support). If a
the EtranVoipSupportSwith switch eNodeB not to support the VoIP service
EUTRAN supports
EutranVoipSupp because of the transmission and other reasons ,
the VoIP capability
ortSwitch it is suggested that the operators after
of the switch
confirmation is set to OFF, otherwise the
configuration for the ON.
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ROHC feature parameter configuration

1. Check License License

feature ID Feature name
2. Activate header compression Description
feature: open the ROHC switch, RObust Header Compression Header
LOFD-001017
set the ROHC top model and (ROHC) compression
compression protocol type Switch on ROHC, set ROHC highest mode, configure types of compression protocol :
MOD PDCPROHCPARA: RohcSwitch=ON, HighestMode=O_MODE, Profiles=Profile0x0001-
1&Profile0x0002-1&Profile0x0003-1&Profile0x0004-1;
If deactivation of the ROHC feature, close the ROHC switch::
MOD PDCPROHCPARA: RohcSwitch=OFF;

Parameter name Parameter ID Suggestion

When eNodeB cell RB utilization rate is high and the VoIP service
ROHC switch PdcpRohcPara.RohcSwitch
proportion is high, suggest to open ROHC.
According to the radio link quality to determine:
When radio link quality is GOOD, choose "U_MODE (one-way
ROHC highest mode PdcpRohcPara.HighestMode mode)“
When radio link quality is FAIR, choose "O_MODE (model)“
When radio link quality is BAD, choose "R_MODE (safe mode)"
This parameter is bit-map type, if one bit checked, it means eNodeB
Compression protocol type PdcpRohcPara.Profiles
support that corresponding compression profile.

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TTI_Bundling parameter configuration

1. Check License Feature ID Feature name License discretion

2. Activate TTI Bundling feature LOFD-001048 TTI Bundling TTI bonding （TDD）
switch

Open TTI Bundling

MOD CELLALGOSWITCH: LocalCellId=0, UlSchSwitch=TtiBundlingSwitch-1;
Close TTI Bundling
MOD CELLALGOSWITCH: LocalCellId=0, UlSchSwitch=TtiBundlingSwitch-0;

Parameter name Parameter ID Suggestion

This parameter has a sub switch “TTI Bundling switch”
to switch on/off the TTI Bundling function. In the
conventional operational scenario, it is suggested to
Uplink scheduling switch CellAlgoSwitch.UlSchSwitch
uncheck the TTI Bundling switch. When the UE channel
has poor quality and output power is limited, it is
suggested to switch on TTI Bundling.

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Semi-persistent scheduling parameter configuration

1. Check License Feature ID Feature name License discretion

2. Activate semi-persistent VoIP Semi-persistent VoIP semi-persistent
LOFD-001016
scheduling feature Scheduling scheduling
3. Configure semi-persistent
scheduling period Activate semi-persistent scheduling feature：
MOD CELLALGOSWITCH:UlSchSwitch=SpsSchSwitch-1;
MOD CELLALGOSWITCH:DlSchSwitch=SpsSchSwitch-1;
Configure semi-persistent scheduling period
MOD CELLULSCHALGO:UlSpsInterval=ms20;
MOD CELLDLSCHALGO:DlSpsInterval=ms20;

Prameter name Parameter ID Suggestion

The parameters of sub switch SpsSchSwitch (SPS switch) to decide
Uplink scheduling
CellAlgoSwitch.UlSchSwitch whether the uplink VoIP services using SPS. The proposed allocation as
switch
"on", represented by the uplink SPS
The parameters of sub switch SpsSchSwitch (SPS switch) to decide
Downink scheduling
CellAlgoSwitch.DlSchSwitch whether the downlink VoIP services using SPS. The proposed allocation
switch
as "on", represented by the downlink SPS
Uplink SPS period CELLULSCHALGO.UlSpsInterval The proposed allocation for "ms20".

Downlink SPS period CELLDLSCHALGO.DlSpsInterval The proposed allocation for "ms20".

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Enhance scheduling parameter configuration

1. Check License Feature ID Feature name License discretion

2. VoIP service needs to open the LOFD-001015 Enhanced Scheduling
Enhance scheduling
enhanced scheduling, the existing (TDD)
network has been opened MOD CELLDLSCHALGO: DlschStrategy=DLSCH_PRI_TYPE_EPF
MOD CELLULSCHALGO: UlschStrategy=ULSCH_STRATEGY_EPF

parameter name parameter ID suggest configuration

downlink scheduling strategies including MAX C/I, RR, PF, EPF . Enhance scheduling
Downlink scheduling strategy DlschStrategy
feature using EPF, the recommended configuration for DLSCH_PRI_TYPE_EPF (EPF)

The Non-GBR service resource For the Non-GBR service for reservation of resources value proportion, 0, express the
NonGbrResourceRatio
reservation proportion closure of the feature

Effect of QCI was 6, 7, 8, 9 scheduling priority of user,cell capacity and fairness can
EPF downlink scheduling capacity DlEpfCapacityFactor
beregulated. The capacity factor is equal to 1, can guarantee the fairness of scheduling
factor
resources while maximizing the capacity of the cell for user

uplink scheduling strategy UlschStrategy Uplink scheduling strategy including MAX C/I, RR, PF, EPF

The GBR does not meet the user scheduling, effect with QCI=1, 2, 3, 4 scheduling priority
EPF uplink scheduling capacity
UlEpfCapacityFactor of users, in the non-GBR user scheduling, effect with QCI=6, 7, 8, 9 scheduling priority of
factor
user,cell capacity and fairness and can be regulated

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SRVCC parameter configuration Feature ID Feature name License discretion
LOFD-001022 SRVCC to UTRAN SRVCC切换到UTRAN
1.0） Neighboring cell parameter configuration
ADD UTRANNFREQ; ADD UTRANEXTERNALCELL; ADD UTRANNCELL;
1.1）Open Neighboring cell L2U SRVCC CS+PS handover
MOD UTRANEXTERNALCELL: CsPsHOInd=BOOLEAN_TRUE;
2.0）Open eSRVCC function switch
MOD ENODEBALGOSWITCH: HoModeSwitch=UtranPsHoSwitch-1&UtranSrvccSwitch-1;
3.0）Set the IRAT policy configuration group 0 and SRVCC handover parameters
MOD INTERRATPOLICYCFGGROUP: InterRatPolicyCfgGroupId=0, UtranHoCfg=SRVCC-1, GeranGsmHoCfg=SRVCC-1,
GeranGprsEdgeHoCfg=SRVCC-1;
Inter-system policy configuration group 0 open to the SRVCC switch UTRAN
3.1） Set the QCI=1/5 IRAT policy configuration group ID = 0
MOD STANDARDQCI: Qci=QCI5, InterRatPolicyCfgGroupId=0;
MOD STANDARDQCI: Qci=QCI1, InterRatPolicyCfgGroupId=0;
Query QCI1 and QCI5 of InterRatPolicyCfgGroupId, set the inter-system policy configuration group ID QCI1 and QCI5 corresponding
to 0
4.0） Add IRAT commen handover parameter group 1, set the A1/A2 threshold:
ADD INTERRATHOCOMMGROUP: LocalCellId=1, InterRatHoCommGroupId=1, InterRatHoA1ThdRsrp=-100, InterRatHoA2ThdRsrp=-
105;
4.1） Configure the A2 bias
MOD CNOPERATORHOCFG: UtranA2ThdRsrpOffset=0;
4.2） Set QCI1 and QCI5 IRAT common handover parameters group ID =1
MOD CELLSTANDARDQCI: LocalCellId=0, Qci=QCI1, InterRatHoCommGroupId=1;
MOD CELLSTANDARDQCI: LocalCellId=0, Qci=QCI5, InterRatHoCommGroupId=1;
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Other parameter configuration(power control, admission congestion, DRX)
Feature
Feature ID Feature Strategy MML
name
MOD CELLALGOSWITCH: DlPcAlgoSwitch=PdschSpsPcSwitch-1,
UlPcAlgoSwitch=CloseLoopSpsSwitch-1;
LBFD- Power VoIP service In SPS strategy
CloseLoopSpsSwitch set using the PUSCH semi static closed-loop power
002026 Control of power control
adjustment
PdschSpsPcSwitch set using the PUSCH semi static power adjustment
VoIP access control
LBFD- Admission strategy(open access MOD CELLALGOSWITCH:LOCALCELLID=0,RACALGOSWITCH=DlSwitch-
002023 Control algorithm based on 1&UlSwitch-1&PreemptionSwitch-1;
satisfaction and preemptive)
MOD CELLALGOSWITCH:LOCALCELLID=0,RACALGOSWITCH=DlLdcSwitch-
1&UlLdcSwitch-1;
LBFD- Congestion VoIP congestion control
MOD CELLRACTHD: LocalCellId=0, Qci1CongThd=65, Qci2CongThd=65,
002024 Control strategy
Qci3CongThd=65, Qci4CongThd=65, CongRelOffset=20,
UlRbHighThd=95, DlRbHighThd=95, UlRbLowThd=90, DlRbLowThd=90;
Query QCI1/5 DRX parameter was whether appropriate, is QCI1
DRX can help to use VoIP corresponded the DRX parameters group 1:
services UE save power LST DRXPARAGROUP: DrxParaGroupId=1;
LBFD- consumption (set DRX LST DRXPARAGROUP: DrxParaGroupId=3;
DRX
002017 parameters for QCI1, set LST CELLSTANDARDQCI: LocalCellId=0, Qci=QCI1;
same DRX parameters for LST CELLSTANDARDQCI: LocalCellId=0, Qci=QCI5;
QCI5 and QCI9 ） set the QCI5 corresponding to the DRX parameter group 3 (same as QCI9)
MOD CELLSTANDARDQCI: LocalCellId=0, Qci=QCI5, DrxParaGroupId=3;

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VoLTE Test Plan
This test plan provides outdoor test case and test method for the VoLTE acceptance, Refer to "VoLTE
and defines the VoLTE DT KPIs and test criteria. Test Guide"

Device NO. Model /Version/Spec KPI Test description

HUAWEI P7 or Mate 7 (optional, if VP It is to observe voice service dedicated-bearer setup
LTE UE 4 VoLTE CSSR (voice
test required)， support VoLTE success rate by way of QCI=1 bearer setup success
service)
USIM card (support VoLTE) 4 Can access the LTE network rate
Installs drive test and analysis QCI=1 bearer exceptional release accounts for voice
PC laptop 2
software VoLTE CDR (voice service call drops; QCI=1 outgoing handover
Huawei Probe & Assistant DT service) exceptional release accounts for call drops during
Drive test software 2
software handover
MOS test box 2 Huawei MOS voice quality test box Evaluation standard of VoLTE voice quality. Use Probe
VoLTE voice quality
GPS 2 GPS information positioning and MOS box to conduct the testing. P.863 standard
MOS
Provides the vehicle-mounted may be suggested by the operator.
Inverter 1
electricity EUTRAN to GERAN outgoing handover eSRVCC
Digital map 2 path testing use eSRVCC HSR (voice success /EUTRAN to GERAN outgoing handover
Backup power supply for Provide backup power supply for service) eSRVCC attempt, indicates voice retentivity of the LTE
Item 2
Test case Test object
coverage edge
laptop laptop PC(optional)
1. To inspect VoLTE voice service KPIs in specific outdoor: call setup successful rate, call drop rate and other
1 VoLTE short call DT – voice performances;
2. To inspect KPI variance between VoLTE standard definition and high-definition voice services
1. To inspect VoLTE voice quality, handover success rate, and other performances in specific outdoor;
2 VoLTE long call DT – voice
2. To inspect VoLTE voice services KPI variance between standard definition and high-definition

3 eSRVCC handover DT - voice 1. To inspect handover performance of eSRVCC under specific LTE weak coverage for VoLTE voice service

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VoLTE Drive Test Overview
VoLTE testing scenarios VoLTE service KPIs Main LTE service KPIs

 Test device (mobile phone)  Access KPIs  Latency KPIs

eNodeB Qualcomm platform: Huawei P1, Sony L50t Control panel MOC/MTC access successful Control panel intra-system handover
P7 HiSi platform: Huawei P7 / Mate 7 rate latency
Service panel MOC/MTC access successful Service panel intra-system handover
 Test device (sound card) rate latency
P7 Probe Maya MAYA 44 USB+, support 64K RRC re-establishment latency
sampling  Latency KPIs
Service panel MOC/MTC access delay  Retainability KPIs
eNodeB  Multi-terminal capabilities Control panel SRVCC handover delay Service panel MOC/MTC access delay
Recommended test scheme: one set of Service panel SRVCC handover delay ** Control panel SRVCC handover delay
Probe + two P7 + MAYA sound card (CMCC Service panel hang-up delay ** Service panel SRVCC handover delay **
standard) Service panel hang-up delay **
 Retainability & mobility KPIs
Assistant  MOS test algorithm Service panel call drop rate  mobility KPI
eNodeB PESQ，POLQA(NB&SWB) Control panel call drop rate Control panel intra-system HSR
SRVCC handover successful rate
 Test scenarios  Other LTE KPIs
VoLTE voice (SD, HD)  VoLTE specific KPIs RSRP，SINR
VoLTE short call, long call E2E latency UL & DL physical & PDCP layer data rate
MOS测试连接实物图 VoLTE MOS testing E2E jitter UL & DL MCS, RB number
VoLTE SRVCC(e-SRVCC) E2E packet loss rate IBLER, RBLER
VoLTE VP call UL & DL coding rate Average of HARQ retransmission
VoLTE IRAT HO SIP/RTP messages ** UL & DL transmit power
？ ？ VoLTE MOC/MTC Latency of return to 4G DL TM, RI

 Recommended testing mobile: P7  The above KPI are formulated and  The above KPI are formulated and
referred to CMCC test specifications referred to CMCC test specifications
**Depended on Hisi terminal

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VoLTE OSS statistics and drive test KPIs
Statistical Important
KPI class KPI name
type level
ERAB Establish success rate Stat. H
VoLTE call setup success rate (MOC) DT M
Access VoLTE call setup success rate (MTC) DT M
VoLTE call setup success rate (MTM) DT H
VoLTE call setup success rate Stat. H
DT H
Retainability VoIP Call drop rate
Stat. H
DT M
Mobility LTE to WCDMA SRVCC handover success rate
Stat. M
VoLTE call establish latency (over IMS) MOC mode (calling party is the LTE
ST M
subscriber, called party is the PSTN subscriber)
VoLTE call establish latency (over IMS) MTC mode (calling party is the PSTN
call Establish latency ST M
subscriber, called party is the LTE subscriber)
VoLTE call establish latency (over IMS) MTM mode (calling party is the LTE
ST M
subscriber, called party is the LTE subscriber)
VoLTE end to end average delay DT M
Service latency
VoLTE average delay jitter DT M
Voice service wireless packet loss rate Stat. M
MOS of VoLTE DT M
Service integrity
SRVCC to WCDMA signaling panel latency DT M
SRVCC to WCDMA Subscriber panel latency DT M

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VoLTE Implementation key point
Project VoLTE VoLTE challenge to Network Rollout
Needs to determine VoLTE (Video service continuity) the
The Video service coverage scope is lower than
planning model, meets the video frequency continuity
Network the 1Mbps data service planning requirement,
requirement
Planning The vioce service and Video service rate and
At present the carrier policy is not clear, has not been clear
continuity require to carry on planning
whether requires the Video service the continuous coverage
1.deployment VoLTE correspondence QCI1/2/5
bearer 1. needs to carry on the functionality qualification to RoHC and
2. deployment RoHC and SPS feature SPS feature
3.deployment VoLTE DRX, half-static power 2. needs to base on the view testing eSRVCC latency, success rate
Network
control parameter and MOS
Rollout
4. deployment eSRVCC feature 3. in the LTE network requirement configuration precise 3G
5. configures neighboring cell bwtween 4G and 3G neighboring cell, added the deployment and maintenance work
(frequency, scrambling code and CGI must be difficulty (workload and accuracy)
correct)
1. need to verify VoLTE parameter baseline under different
scenarios
1.evaluation/optimize intra-frequency, inter- 2.3G parameter (frequency, scrambling code and CGI)
frequency and inter-system's reselection and modification is frequent, 3G neighboring cell maintenance
Network handover parameter difficulty
optimization 2.VoLTE MOS, handover delay and success rate 3. Commercial terminal capability support of VoLTE is insufficient
optimize 4. The VoLTE service introduced the IMS system, added the
The VoLTE identity deployment proposed to Network Planning, Network Rollout and network
handover delay and success rate optimize difficulty, lacks the
optimize experience of VoLTE end to end to accumulate
optimization new challenge and requirement, needs to deal ahead of time

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HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Thank You!
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