Method 29 Compliance Source Test
Method 29 Compliance Source Test
Report No. 21960
Report:
Covanta Durham York Renewable Energy Limited Partnership
Durham York Energy Centre 2019 Compliance Emission
Testing in Accordance with Amended Environmental
Compliance Approval (ECA) No. 7306‐8FDKNX
Date: November 18, 2019
a Kontrol Energy Company
Table of Contents
Page
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................... 6
1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................. 11
2. PROCESS DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................. 12
2.1 Control Equipment ............................................................................................................ 12
2.2 Continuous Emission Monitoring Systems ....................................................................... 12
3. SAMPLING LOCATIONS ................................................................................................................. 14
4. SAMPLING PROCEDURES .............................................................................................................. 15
4.1 General .............................................................................................................................. 15
4.2 Particulate and Metals ...................................................................................................... 16
4.3 Particle Size Distribution ................................................................................................... 17
4.4 Semi‐Volatile Organic Compounds ................................................................................... 17
4.5 Acid Gases ......................................................................................................................... 18
4.6 Volatile Organic Compounds ............................................................................................ 19
4.7 Aldehydes .......................................................................................................................... 20
4.8 Combustion Gases ............................................................................................................ 21
5. SAMPLE RECOVERY AND ANALYSIS .............................................................................................. 22
5.1 Particulate and Metals ...................................................................................................... 22
5.2 Particle Size Distribution ................................................................................................... 23
5.3 Semi‐Volatile Organic Compounds ................................................................................... 24
5.4 Acid Gases ......................................................................................................................... 25
5.5 Volatile Organics Train Recovery ...................................................................................... 26
5.6 Aldehydes .......................................................................................................................... 26
6. INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL QA/QC PROGRAM .............................................................................. 27
6.1 General .............................................................................................................................. 27
6.2 Pre‐Test Activities ............................................................................................................. 27
6.3 Emission Testing QA/QC Results ....................................................................................... 28
6.4 Sample Recovery, Handling and Custody ......................................................................... 29
6.5 Analytical Results .............................................................................................................. 29
6.5.1 Metals Sample Analysis QA/QC ............................................................................ 30
6.5.2 Acid Gas Sample Analysis QA/QC ......................................................................... 32
6.5.3 Aldehyde Sample Analysis QA/QC ........................................................................ 32
6.5.4 SVOC Sample Analysis QA/QC ............................................................................... 33
6.5.5 Volatile Organic Compound Analysis QA/QC ........................................................ 33
Covanta Durham York Renewable Energy Limited Partnership
DYEC 2019 Compliance Emission Testing for Amended ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX, Report #21960 | Page 3
a Kontrol Energy Company
Table of Contents
Page
7. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ........................................................................................................... 34
7.1 Stack Gas Sampling Parameters........................................................................................ 34
7.2 Stack Gas Physical Parameters ......................................................................................... 34
7.3 Volumetric Flowrate Data ................................................................................................. 35
7.4 Particulate Emission Data ................................................................................................. 35
7.5 Acid Gases ......................................................................................................................... 37
7.6 Combustion Gas Emission Data ........................................................................................ 38
7.7 Metal Emission Data ......................................................................................................... 39
7.8 Mercury Emission Data ..................................................................................................... 41
7.9 Semi‐Volatile Organic Emission Data ................................................................................ 41
7.9.1 Dioxins and Furans Emission Data ........................................................................ 41
7.9.2 Chlorobenzene and Chlorophenol Emission Data ................................................. 45
7.9.3 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Emission Data ................................................. 46
7.10 Aldehydes .......................................................................................................................... 47
7.11 Volatile Organic Emission Data ......................................................................................... 47
8. DISPERSION MODELLING .............................................................................................................. 48
9. FACILITY PROCESS DATA ............................................................................................................... 49
10. CONCLUSIONS ............................................................................................................................... 51
Covanta Durham York Renewable Energy Limited Partnership
DYEC 2019 Compliance Emission Testing for Amended ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX, Report #21960 | Page 4
a Kontrol Energy Company
List of Appendices
APPENDIX 1 Boiler No. 1 BH Outlet Data Tables
APPENDIX 2 Boiler No. 2 BH Outlet Data Tables
APPENDIX 3 Pre‐Test Plan Acceptance Letter and ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX
APPENDIX 4 Particulate and Metals Field Data Sheets
APPENDIX 5 Particle Size Distribution Field Data Sheets
APPENDIX 6 SVOC Data Sheets
APPENDIX 7 Acid Gas Field Data Sheets
APPENDIX 8 VOST Field Data Sheets
APPENDIX 9 Aldehydes Field Data Sheets
APPENDIX 10 ORTECH Sample Log/Chain of Custody Forms
APPENDIX 11 Particulate and Metals Train Recovery Data Sheets
APPENDIX 12 Inorganics Analytical Reports
APPENDIX 13 Particle Size Distribution Train Recovery Data Sheets
APPENDIX 14 SVOC Train Recovery Data Sheets
APPENDIX 15 SVOC Analytical Report
APPENDIX 16 Acid Gas Recovery Data Sheets
APPENDIX 17 VOST Analytical Report
APPENDIX 18 Aldehydes Recovery Data Sheets
APPENDIX 19 Aldehydes Analytical Report
APPENDIX 20 SVOC and VOST Proof Data
APPENDIX 21 ORTECH Equipment Calibration Data
APPENDIX 22 Particulate and Metals Test Emission Calculations
APPENDIX 23 Particle Size Distribution Test Emission Calculations
APPENDIX 24 Acid Gases Test Emission Calculations
APPENDIX 25 SVOC Test Emission Calculations
APPENDIX 26 ORTECH Total Hydrocarbon CEM Data
APPENDIX 27 Dispersion Modelling Results for the September 2019 Testing Program
APPENDIX 28 DYEC CEMS 1‐Hour Average Data
Covanta Durham York Renewable Energy Limited Partnership
DYEC 2019 Compliance Emission Testing for Amended ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX, Report #21960 | Page 5
a Kontrol Energy Company
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
ORTECH Consulting Inc. (ORTECH) completed an emission testing program at the Durham York Energy
Centre (DYEC) located in Courtice, Ontario between September 9 and September 13, 2019. The
emission testing program was performed to satisfy the requirements of the Ontario Ministry of the
Environment, Conservation and Parks (MECP) Amended Environmental Compliance Approval (ECA) No.
7306‐8FDKNX. Section 7(1) of the ECA states that “the owner shall perform annual source testing, in
accordance with the procedures and schedule outlined in the attached Schedule E, to determine the
rates of emissions of the test contaminants from the stack. The program shall be conducted not later
than six months after the commencement date of operation of the facility/equipment and subsequent
source testing programs shall be conducted once every calendar year thereafter”. This program is the
ninth comprehensive Schedule E source testing program conducted at the facility. A list of the test
programs conducted by ORTECH to date is provided below:
Test Program Test Date ORTECH Report No.
2015 Compliance September/October 2015 21546
2016 Voluntary May 2016 21656
2016 Compliance October/November 2016 21698
2017 Voluntary May 2017 21754
2017 Compliance October 2017 21800
2018 Voluntary May/June 2018 21840
2018 Compliance September 2018 21880
2019 Voluntary June 2019 21936
2019 Compliance September 2019 21960
Source testing was performed on the Baghouse (BH) Outlet of Boiler No. 1 and BH Outlet of Boiler No.
2 for the test contaminants listed in Schedule D of the ECA.
Triplicate emission tests were completed for particulate matter, metals, semi‐volatile organic
compounds, acid gases, volatile organic compounds, aldehydes and combustion gases at the BH Outlet
of each Boiler. Triplicate emission tests were also completed for total hydrocarbons at the Quench
Inlet of each Boiler. The contaminant groups included in the emission test program and the reference
test methods used are summarized below:
Test Groups Reference Method
Particulate and Metals US EPA Method 29
PM2.5/PM10 and Condensable Particulate US EPA Methods 201A and 202
Semi‐Volatile Organic Compounds Environment Canada Method EPS 1/RM/2
Volatile Organic Compounds US EPA SW‐846 Method 0030
Aldehydes CARB Method 430 with Ashland Modification
Halides and Ammonia US EPA Method 26A
Combustion Gases:
Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Facility CEM
Carbon Monoxide Facility CEM
Sulphur Dioxide Facility CEM
Nitrogen Oxides Facility CEM
Total Hydrocarbons ORTECH per US EPA Method 25A
Covanta Durham York Renewable Energy Limited Partnership
DYEC 2019 Compliance Emission Testing for Amended ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX, Report #21960 | Page 6
a Kontrol Energy Company
Schedule C of ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX lists in‐stack limits for the emissions of various compounds. In‐
stack emissions limits are given for particulate matter, mercury, cadmium, lead, dioxins and furans and
organic matter for comparison with the results from compliance source testing. In‐stack emission
limits are also given for hydrochloric acid, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide
calculated as the rolling arithmetic average of data measured by a continuous emission monitoring
system (CEMS).
Since relative accuracy and system bias testing was conducted in July 2019, the data recorded by the
DYEC CEMS was used to assess against the in‐stack emissions limits detailed in Schedule C of the ECA
for hydrochloric acid, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide. Note the DYEC CEMS
data for the days when isokinetic testing was performed at each unit (September 9 to September 13,
2019 for Boiler No. 1 and September 9 to September 12, 2019 for Boiler No. 2) was used to determine
the minimum, average and maximum concentrations of the combustion gases listed in the ECA.
Concentration data measured by ORTECH on September 9, 2019 was used to assess against the total
hydrocarbons (organic matter) in‐stack emissions limit detailed in Schedule C of the ECA.
Consistent with the approach commonly required by the MECP for compliance emission testing
programs, the following results are conservative in the sense that when the analytical result is reported
to be below the detection limit, the full detection limit is used to calculate emission data and is shown
by a “<” symbol. Also, when one or both Boiler results are reported to be below the detection limit,
the detection limit was used to conservatively estimate the total emission rate for the Main Stack.
The MECP “Summary of Standards and Guidelines to Support Ontario Regulation 419/05 – Air Pollution
– Local Air Quality”, dated April 2012, provides an updated framework for calculating dioxin and furan
toxicity equivalent concentrations which includes emission data for 12 dioxin‐like PCBs. This document
was replaced by “Air Contaminants Benchmarks List: standards, guidelines and screening levels for
assessing point of impingement concentrations of air contaminants”, with the most recent version
published on April 27, 2018, however the dioxin and furan toxicity equivalent calculation methodology
remains the same. The dioxins, furans and dioxin‐like PCBs toxicity equivalent emission data was also
calculated using half the detection limit for those compounds not detected. The half detection limit
data was used to assess against the dispersion modelling Point of Impingement limit. The toxicity
equivalent concentrations calculated using the full detection limit, for those compounds less than the
reportable detection limit, were used to assess against the in‐stack limit detailed in Schedule C of the
ECA.
Covanta Durham York Renewable Energy Limited Partnership
DYEC 2019 Compliance Emission Testing for Amended ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX, Report #21960 | Page 7
a Kontrol Energy Company
The average results for the tests conducted at Boiler No. 1, along with the respective in‐stack emission
limits, are summarized in the following table:
Parameter Test No. 1 Test No. 2 Test No. 3 Average In‐Stack Limit
Total Power Output (MWh/day)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 369 ‐
Average Combustion Zone Temp. (C)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 1239 ‐
Steam (tonnes/day)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 798 ‐
MSW Combusted (tonnes/day)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 210 ‐
NOX Reagent Injection Rate (liters/day)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 624 ‐
Carbon Injection (kg/day)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 125 ‐
Lime Injection (kg/day)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 4279 ‐
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DYEC 2019 Compliance Emission Testing for Amended ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX, Report #21960 | Page 8
a Kontrol Energy Company
The average results for the tests conducted at Boiler No. 2, along with the respective in‐stack emission
limits, are summarized in the following table:
Parameter Test No. 1 Test No. 2 Test No. 3 Average In‐Stack Limit
Total Power Output (MWh/day)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 369 ‐
Average Combustion Zone Temp. (C)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 1240 ‐
Steam (tonnes/day)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 794 ‐
MSW Combusted (tonnes/day)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 207 ‐
NOX Reagent Injection Rate (liters/day)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 535 ‐
Carbon Injection (kg/day)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 127 ‐
Lime Injection (kg/day)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 5175 ‐
Covanta Durham York Renewable Energy Limited Partnership
DYEC 2019 Compliance Emission Testing for Amended ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX, Report #21960 | Page 9
a Kontrol Energy Company
A summary of the minimum, average and maximum concentrations for the combustion gases
measured by the DYEC CEMS with in‐stack limits listed in the ECA is provided below for the two units.
Boiler No. Parameter Minimum Average Maximum In‐Stack Limit
Carbon Monoxide (mg/Rm3) (1) 7.0 11.2 19.3 40
Hydrogen Chloride (mg/Rm3) (2) 2.7 3.0 3.6 9
Boiler No. 1
Nitrogen Oxides (mg/Rm3) (2) 110 111 112 121
Sulphur Dioxide (mg/Rm3) (2) 0 0 0 35
Carbon Monoxide (mg/Rm3) (1) 7.3 12.1 19.5 40
Hydrogen Chloride (mg/Rm3) (2) 4.6 5.1 5.5 9
Boiler No. 2
Nitrogen Oxides (mg/Rm3) (2) 109 110 111 121
Sulphur Dioxide (mg/Rm3) (2) 0 0.01 0.1 35
(1) 4‐hour average measured by DYEC CEMS, dry at 25C and 1 atmosphere adjusted to 11% oxygen by volume
(2) 24‐hour average measured by DYEC CEMS, dry at 25C and 1 atmosphere adjusted to 11% oxygen by volume
The emission data measured at each Boiler BH Outlet during the testing program was combined and
used to assess the emissions from the Main Stack against the current point of impingement criteria
detailed in Ontario Regulation 419/05.
The CALPUFF dispersion modelling (using Version 6.263 as requested by the MECP) for the September
2019 emission testing program was performed by Golder Associates. A summary of the results are
provided in the tables appended to this report (Appendix 27) based on calculated ground level Point of
Impingement (POI) concentrations for the average total Main Stack emissions. As shown in the tables,
the calculated impingement concentrations for all of the contaminants were well below the relevant
MECP standards.
In summary, the key results of the emission testing program are:
The facility was maintained within the operational parameters defined by the amended ECA that
constitutes normal operation during the stack test periods. Testing was conducted at a steam
production rate of greater than 791 tonnes of steam per day for each Boiler (approximately 98.0%
of maximum continuous rating). The maximum continuous rating for the facility is 1614.7 tonnes
of steam per day for the two Boilers combined (33.64 tonnes of steam per hour or 807.4 tonnes per
day for each Boiler).
The in‐stack concentrations of the components listed in the ECA were all below the concentration
limits provided in Schedule C of the ECA.
Using CALPUFF dispersion modelling techniques, the predicted maximum point of impingement
concentrations, based on the average test results for both boilers, show DYEC to be operating well
below all current standards in Regulation 419/05 under the Ontario Environmental Protection Act
and other MECP criteria including guidelines and upper risk thresholds.
Tables referenced in this report for the tests conducted at Boiler No. 1 and Boiler No. 2 are provided in
Appendix 1 and Appendix 2, respectively.
Covanta Durham York Renewable Energy Limited Partnership
DYEC 2019 Compliance Emission Testing for Amended ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX, Report #21960 | Page 10
a Kontrol Energy Company
1. INTRODUCTION
ORTECH Consulting Inc. (ORTECH) completed an emission testing program at the Durham York Energy
Centre (DYEC) located in Courtice, Ontario between September 9 and September 13, 2019. The
emission testing program was performed to satisfy the requirements of the Ontario Ministry of the
Environment, Conservation and Parks (MECP) Amended Environmental Compliance Approval (ECA) No.
7306‐8FDKNX. Section 7(1) of the ECA states that “the owner shall perform annual source testing, in
accordance with the procedures and schedule outlined in the attached Schedule E, to determine the
rates of emissions of the test contaminants from the stack. The program shall be conducted not later
than six months after the commencement date of operation of the facility/equipment and subsequent
source testing programs shall be conducted once every calendar year thereafter”. This program is the
ninth comprehensive Schedule E source testing program conducted at the facility. A list of the test
programs conducted by ORTECH to date is provided below:
Test Program Test Date ORTECH Report No.
2015 Compliance September/October 2015 21546
2016 Voluntary May 2016 21656
2016 Compliance October/November 2016 21698
2017 Voluntary May 2017 21754
2017 Compliance October 2017 21800
2018 Voluntary May/June 2018 21840
2018 Compliance September 2018 21880
2019 Voluntary June 2019 21936
2019 Compliance September 2019 21960
Source testing was performed on the Baghouse (BH) Outlet of Boiler No. 1 and BH Outlet of Boiler No.
2 for the test contaminants listed in Schedule D of the ECA. Triplicate emission tests were also
completed for total hydrocarbons at the Quench Inlet of each Boiler.
Prior to commencing the test program, a Pre‐Test Plan letter was submitted to the MECP stating that
the sampling program would follow the procedures detailed in ORTECH Pre‐Test Plan No. 21800,
“Covanta Durham York Renewable Energy Limited Partnership Compliance Emission Testing in
Accordance with Amended Environmental Compliance Approval (Air) No. 7306‐8FDKNX”, dated July
27, 2017. Provided in Appendix 3 is a copy of the Pre‐Test Plan acceptance letter received from the
MECP, dated August 14, 2019, indicating acceptance of the proposed sampling strategy. A copy of the
Amended Environmental Compliance Approval, including amendment notices, is also provided in
Appendix 3.
Triplicate emission tests were completed for each of the test parameters listed in Schedule D of the
ECA between September 9 and September 13, 2019.
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DYEC 2019 Compliance Emission Testing for Amended ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX, Report #21960 | Page 11
a Kontrol Energy Company
2. PROCESS DESCRIPTION
DYEC is a thermal treatment facility with a maximum thermal treatment rate of 140,000 tonnes/year of
municipal solid waste (MSW), as established by the Amended ECA. The maximum continuous rating
(MCR) for the facility is defined as 218 tonnes per day, per unit, of MSW with a heat content of 13
MJ/kg per train. The steam production MCR is 33.64 tonnes per hour for each Boiler.
The facility was built to operate on a continuous basis; 24 hours/day, seven days/weeks, 365
days/year. Waste may be delivered six days per week between 7:00 am to 7:00 pm. The proposed
operating schedule may be adjusted depending on demand and facility needs within the established
setup indicated in the ECA (i.e., waste can only be received from Monday to Saturday – excluding
statutory holidays, and between 7:00 am and 7:00 pm – ECA’s Condition 4(1)(b)).
MSW arrives at the facility via covered refuse trucks and is deposited in a storage pit within the
receiving building. Facility operators manage MSW by moving and mixing MSW within the storage pit
with the overhead grapple cranes. The MSW is lifted from the pit by crane and fed into the fuel
hopper for each thermal treatment train.
The facility consists of two thermal treatment trains, each equipped with independently operated
boilers/furnaces and air pollution control equipment. The treated exhaust gases are vented to a
common 87.6 m stack and released to atmosphere.
2.1 Control Equipment
Flue gasses pass through a dry recirculating type scrubber for acid control and a fabric filter for
particulate control. A Selective Non‐Catalytic Reduction System (SNCR) with ammonia injection is used
for NOX control. Powdered carbon is injected for mercury, and dioxin and furan control between the
dry recirculating type scrubber and the fabric filter.
2.2 Continuous Emission Monitoring Systems
Continuous Emissions Monitors are installed in the vertical ductwork between the economizer and dry
recirculating type scrubber (location referred to as the Quench Inlet), and in the vertical ductwork
between the fabric filter and the ID fan (location referred to as the BH Outlet).
Covanta Durham York Renewable Energy Limited Partnership
DYEC 2019 Compliance Emission Testing for Amended ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX, Report #21960 | Page 12
a Kontrol Energy Company
A summary of the CEMS installed at each location is provided below:
Analyzer
Unit Location Model No. Serial No. Parameter Range
Manufacturer
CO (Low) 0‐500 ppm
CO (High) 0‐2000 ppm
Quench Environmental SA MIR 9000 2684
1 HCl 0‐1500 ppm
Inlet
O2 (Dry) 0‐25%
Ametek RM CEM O2/IQ 10217710‐2 O2 (Wet) 0‐25%
NOX 0‐500 ppm
SO2 0‐200 ppm
HCl 0‐100 ppm
Environmental SA MIR 9000 2686
HF 0‐100 ppm
O2 (Dry) 0‐25%
CO2 0‐25%
1 BH Outlet
Ametek RM CEM O2/IQ 10217710‐1 O2 (Wet) 0‐25%
Tethys EXM400 F130304 NH3 0‐50 ppm
OSI OFS‐2000W 13020629 Flow 0‐40 m/s
Teledyne Light Hawk 560 5602492 Opacity 0‐100%
Environmental SA Graphite 52M 647 THC 0‐100 ppm
Environmental SA Amesa 1825‐269 Dioxin/Furan 0‐10 ng/m3
CO (Low) 0‐500 ppm
CO (High) 0‐2000 ppm
Quench Environmental SA MIR 9000 2685
2 HCl 0‐1500 ppm
Inlet
O2 (Dry) 0‐25%
Ametek RM CEM O2/IQ 10218084‐1 O2 (Wet) 0‐25%
NOX 0‐500 ppm
SO2 0‐200 ppm
HCl 0‐100 ppm
Environmental SA MIR 9000 2687
HF 0‐100 ppm
O2 (Dry) 0‐25%
CO2 0‐25%
2 BH Outlet
Ametek RM CEM O2/IQ 10218084‐2 O2 (Wet) 0‐25%
Tethys EXM400 F130303 NH3 0‐50 ppm
OSI OFS‐2000W 13020633 Flow 0‐40 m/s
Teledyne Light Hawk 560 5602493 Opacity 0‐100%
Environmental SA Graphite 52M 648 THC 0‐100 ppm
Environmental SA Amesa 1825‐284 Dioxin/Furan 0‐10 ng/m3
Covanta Durham York Renewable Energy Limited Partnership
DYEC 2019 Compliance Emission Testing for Amended ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX, Report #21960 | Page 13
a Kontrol Energy Company
3. SAMPLING LOCATIONS
The BH Outlet sampling ports are located on the vertical circular ductwork between the baghouse
outlet and the ID Fan inlet. There are two 6‐inch ports, located 90 degrees apart, at the same elevation
and a single 4‐inch port located approximately 0.8 m upstream of the 6‐inch ports. The two 6‐inch
sampling ports were used for isokinetic sampling and the 4‐inch ports were used for all non‐isokinetic
sampling.
The BH Outlet duct has an inside diameter of 1.37 meters (54 inches) at the sampling ports. The two 6‐
inch ports are approximately 4.4 duct diameters (6.1 meters) downstream and 0.68 duct diameters
(0.94 meters) upstream from the nearest flow disturbances.
The Quench Inlet sampling ports are located on the circular ductwork between the Boiler Outlet and
the Recirculating Type Dry Scrubber Inlet. There are two 6‐inch ports, located 90 degrees apart, at the
same height. The Quench Inlet duct has a diameter of 1.37 meters (54 inches) at the sampling ports.
The ports are located approximately 3.8 duct diameters (5.2 meters) downstream and 4.7 duct
diameters (6.4 meters) upstream from the nearest flow disturbances.
The sampling ports are located at a “non‐ideal” location as defined by the Ontario Source Testing Code.
An “ideal” location is defined as being at least eight stack diameters downstream and at least two stack
diameters upstream of flow disturbances.
Cyclonic flow checks were performed by ORTECH at the BH Outlet and Quench Inlet sampling locations
on each Boiler on September 22, 2015. The cyclonic flow checks were performed using an S‐type pitot
tube and manometer following the procedures detailed in Ontario Source Testing Code Method 1.
Briefly, the pitot tube was positioned at each sampling point so that the planes of the face openings
were parallel to the cross‐sectional axis of the duct. The pitot tube was then rotated about its
longitudinal axis until the manometer reading was zero. The absolute value of the rotational angle was
recorded to the nearest degree at each point. The average of the recorded angles was calculated at
each location. If the average angle is less than 15, cyclonic flow is not present and sampling may
proceed as normal.
The results for the cyclonic flow checks are summarized below:
Average Angle
Sampling Location Performance Specification Cyclonic Flow Present
()
Boiler No. 1 Quench Inlet Average <15 6.6 No
Boiler No. 2 Quench Inlet Average <15 8.4 No
Boiler No. 1 BH Outlet Average <15 8.8 No
Boiler No. 2 BH Outlet Average <15 8.1 No
In addition, reverse flow was not observed at any point at any of the four sample locations during the
cyclonic flow checks or during any test.
Covanta Durham York Renewable Energy Limited Partnership
DYEC 2019 Compliance Emission Testing for Amended ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX, Report #21960 | Page 14
a Kontrol Energy Company
4. SAMPLING PROCEDURES
4.1 General
This section outlines the sampling procedures as well as pre‐test and on site internal quality
assurance/quality control (QA/QC) procedures which were utilized in the testing program. The
procedures described in this section ensured that representative samples were collected and that the
integrity of the collected samples was maintained. The use of these sampling procedures significantly
reduced the possibility of sample contamination from external sources. Sample handling and
documentation requirements were key factors in this program.
Triplicate emission tests were completed for particulate matter, metals, semi‐volatile organic
compounds, acid gases, volatile organic compounds, aldehydes and combustion gases at the BH Outlet
of each Boiler. Triplicate emission tests were also completed for total hydrocarbons at the Quench
Inlet of each Boiler. The contaminant groups included in the emission test program and the reference
test methods used are summarized below:
Test Groups Reference Method
Particulate and Metals US EPA Method 29
PM2.5/PM10 and Condensable Particulate US EPA Methods 201A and 202
Semi‐Volatile Organic Compounds Environment Canada Method EPS 1/RM/2
Volatile Organic Compounds US EPA SW‐846 Method 0030
Aldehydes CARB Method 430 with Ashland Modification
Halides and Ammonia US EPA Method 26A
Combustion Gases:
Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Facility CEM
Carbon Monoxide Facility CEM
Sulphur Dioxide Facility CEM
Nitrogen Oxides Facility CEM
Total Hydrocarbons ORTECH per US EPA Method 25A
Since relative accuracy and system bias testing was performed in July 2019, the data recorded by the
DYEC CEMS was used to assess against the in‐stack emissions limits detailed in Schedule C of the ECA
for hydrochloric acid, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide. Note the DYEC CEMS
data for the days when isokinetic testing was performed at each unit (September 9 to September 13,
2019 for Boiler No. 1 and September 9 to September 12, 2019 for Boiler No. 2) was used to determine
the minimum, average and maximum concentrations of the combustion gases listed in the ECA.
Concentration data measured by ORTECH on September 9, 2019 was used to assess against the total
hydrocarbons (organic matter) in‐stack emissions limit detailed in Schedule C of the ECA.
Covanta Durham York Renewable Energy Limited Partnership
DYEC 2019 Compliance Emission Testing for Amended ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX, Report #21960 | Page 15
a Kontrol Energy Company
4.2 Particulate and Metals
Particulate and metals were sampled using the sampling procedures outlined in US EPA Method 29.
Major components of the sampling train were as follows:
A glass nozzle and probe liner assembly
A quartz fiber filter with a low metal background
The first impinger was initially empty to collect moisture
The second and third impingers initially contained 100 mL each of 5% nitric acid/10% hydrogen
peroxide solution to collect metals
The fourth impinger was initially empty
The fifth and sixth impingers initially contained 100 mL each of 4% potassium permanganate/10%
sulphuric acid solution to collect mercury
The seventh impinger contained silica gel
Each test for particulate matter and metals involved the collection of stack gas sampled isokinetically
at twelve points centered on equal areas along each of two traverses (at 90 to each other) of the BH
Outlet duct. Each of the twenty‐four points was sampled for 7.5 minutes for a total actual sampling
time of one hundred and eighty minutes.
At 2.5 minute time increments throughout each test the following information was measured and
recorded on field data sheets:
Elapsed sampling time
Dry gas meter volume
Pitot tube pressure
Stack gas temperature
Probe, oven and impinger temperatures
Dry gas meter temperatures
Control module orifice pressure
Sampling pump vacuum
The particulate and metals field data sheets are provided in Appendix 4.
At the start and finish of sampling each traverse the sampling train was leak‐checked. A valid leak‐
check as specified by the sampling method is a leakage rate of less than 0.00057 cubic meters per
minute (m3/min) or 4% of the estimated sampling rate, whichever is less. All of the leak‐checks, as
detailed on the field data sheets, were acceptable.
A blank train was prepared and samples recovered in a manner identical to the test sampling trains for
each Boiler.
Covanta Durham York Renewable Energy Limited Partnership
DYEC 2019 Compliance Emission Testing for Amended ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX, Report #21960 | Page 16
a Kontrol Energy Company
4.3 Particle Size Distribution
Particle Size Distribution (PSD) tests were performed at each of the BH Outlet sample locations in
accordance with the test procedures described in US EPA Method 201A using PM10 and PM2.5
combined cyclone heads and US EPA Method 202. Sampling was conducted for approximately one
hundred and twenty minutes at six points across each traverse of the duct using isokinetic dwell time
sampling. At approximately ten minute time increments throughout each test the following
information was measured and recorded on field data sheets:
Elapsed sampling time
Dry gas meter volume
Pitot tube pressure
Stack gas temperature
Probe, oven and impinger temperatures
Dry gas meter temperatures
Control module orifice pressure
Sampling pump vacuum
Field data sheets for the PSD tests are provided in Appendix 5.
A blank train was prepared and samples recovered in a manner identical to the test sampling trains for
each Boiler.
4.4 Semi‐Volatile Organic Compounds
Semi‐volatile organic compounds (SVOC), including dioxins and furans, polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs), chlorobenzenes (CBs), chlorophenols (CPs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were
sampled at the BH Outlet of each Boiler using the sampling train and sampling procedures outlined in
Environment Canada Report EPS 1/RM/2. Major components of the sampling train were as follows:
A glass nozzle and probe liner assembly
A clean and proven glass fiber filter
Amberlite XAD‐2 sorbent resin was used in a trap to collect semi‐volatile organics
The first impinger was initially empty
The second impinger contained 100 mL of ethylene glycol
The third impinger was initially empty
The fourth impinger contained silica gel
All test train and auxiliary glassware were cleaned according to the methods as outlined in
Environment Canada EPS 1/RM/2 except that the methods were modified by combining proofing
extracts prior to analysis for the target analytes.
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Each test for semi‐volatile organic compounds at the BH Outlet involved the collection of stack gas
sampled isokinetically at twelve points centered on equal areas along each of two traverses (at 90 to
each other) of the duct. Each of the twenty‐four points was sampled for ten minutes for a total actual
sampling time of two hundred and forty minutes.
At five minute time increments the following information was measured and recorded on field data
sheets:
Elapsed sampling time
Dry gas meter volume
Pitot tube pressure
Stack gas temperature
Probe, oven and impinger outlet temperatures
XAD‐2 trap outlet temperature
Dry gas meter temperatures
Control module orifice pressure
Sampling pump vacuum
Field data sheets for the SVOC tests are provided in Appendix 6.
At the start and finish of sampling each traverse, the sampling train was leak‐checked. A valid leak‐
check as specified by the sampling method is a leakage rate of less than 0.00057 m3/min or 4% of the
estimated average sampling rate, whichever is less. All of the leak‐checks for the tests reported, as
detailed on the field data sheets, were acceptable.
A blank train was prepared in a manner identical to the test trains for each Boiler. It was assembled,
transported and left at the sampling site for a period of time equal to the test trains. The blank train
was treated at the sampling site in the same manner as the test trains and a gas volume was drawn
through the blank train approximately equal to the leak‐check volume for the test trains.
4.5 Acid Gases
Hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride and ammonia were sampled together using the sampling train
and sampling procedures outlined in US EPA Method 26A. Major components of the test train were as
follows:
A glass nozzle and probe liner assembly
The first and second impingers contained 100 ml of 0.1N H2SO4
The third impinger was initially empty
The fourth impinger contained silica gel
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At five minute time increments throughout each test the following information was measured and
recorded on field data sheets:
Elapsed sampling time
Dry gas meter volume
Pitot tube pressure
Stack gas temperature
Probe, oven and impinger temperatures
Dry gas meter temperatures
Control module orifice pressure
Sampling pump vacuum
Field data sheets for the acid gases tests are provided in Appendix 7.
At the start and finish of each test the sampling train was leak‐checked. A valid leak‐check as specified
by the sampling method is a leakage rate of less than 0.00057 m3/min or 4% of the estimated average
sampling rate, whichever is less.
A blank train was prepared and samples recovered in a manner identical to the test sampling trains for
each Boiler.
4.6 Volatile Organic Compounds
Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) sampling was performed in accordance with US EPA SW‐846 Method
0030. Briefly, the sampling method involved withdrawing a sample of the stack gas through a heated
glass lined sampling probe containing a glass wool plug to remove particulate material. The sample
was then passed through a water cooled condenser and a Tenax GC adsorbent tube, as the primary
volatile organic collection device. Condensate was collected in an initial condensate trap and the
sample was then drawn through a second condenser and a combined secondary Tenax GC/charcoal
adsorbent tube, as the secondary volatile organic collection device. The sampled gas stream then
passed through a silica gel trap to remove any remaining traces of moisture prior to the rotameter,
pump and dry gas meter.
During each test, three twenty minute runs were completed at an approximate flowrate of 1 L/min. A
fourth run was also conducted during each test and the tube pair was archived in case a sample was
lost during desorption or analysis. Analyses from the three runs performed were combined and used
to calculate test average results.
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At five minute time increments throughout sampling each pair of tubes, the following information was
measured and recorded:
Elapsed sampling time
Dry gas meter volume
Stack gas temperature
Probe and first condenser outlet temperatures
Dry gas meter temperatures
Control module orifice pressure
Sampling pump vacuum
The sampling train components were cleaned using the procedures in US EPA SW‐846 Method 0030,
Volatile Organic Sampling Train (VOST).
Field data sheets for the VOST tests are provided in Appendix 8.
Blank tube samples analyzed for the program included three pairs of field blank tubes, a trip blank pair
of tubes and one laboratory blank pair of tubes.
4.7 Aldehydes
Some of the compounds listed as VOC’s (acetaldehyde, formaldehyde and acrolein) are more
commonly classified as aldehydes. These compounds were captured in a separate test train in
accordance with CARB Method 430 with the Ashland Modification.
Major components of the test train were as follows:
A Teflon probe liner assembly was used.
The first, second and third impingers contained approximately 15 ml each of 0.05% 2,4‐
dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) in 2N HCl with 2 ml of toluene
The fourth impinger was initially empty
The fifth impinger contained silica gel
A single test for aldehydes involved the collection of gas sampled at a single point in the duct at a
sampling flowrate of approximately 0.5 liters per minute for sixty minutes.
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At five minute time increments throughout each test, the following information was measured and
recorded for the train:
Elapsed sampling time
Dry gas meter volume
Stack gas temperature
Probe, oven and impinger outlet temperatures
Dry gas meter temperature
Control module orifice pressure
Sampling pump vacuum
Field data sheets for the aldehyde tests are provided in Appendix 9.
4.8 Combustion Gases
In July 2019, relative accuracy and system bias testing was conducted on the Continuous Emission
Monitoring Systems (CEMS) installed at the Quench Inlet and BH Outlet of each Boiler. DYEC CEMS
met the performance parameters detailed in Schedule F of the ECA. Therefore, the data recorded by
the DYEC CEMS was used to assess against the in‐stack emissions limits detailed in Schedule C of the
ECA for hydrochloric acid, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide.
Combustion gases, including carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen chloride, nitrogen oxides,
oxygen, sulphur dioxide and total hydrocarbons, were measured continuously at the BH Outlet during
the emission testing program by the DYEC CEMs. Oxygen was also measured continuously by the DYEC
CEMS at the Quench Inlet.
DYEC provided 1‐hour average concentrations for each clock hour using the 1‐minute combustion gas
data measured by the DYEC CEMs during each isokinetic test day at each Boiler. The data measured by
the DYEC CEMS, from September 9, 2019 at 00:00 to September 13, 2019 at 23:00, was used to assess
against the in‐stack emission limit stated in the ECA for Boiler No. 1. The data measured by the DYEC
CEMS, from September 9, 2019 at 00:00 to September 12, 2019 at 23:00, was used to assess against
the in‐stack emission limit stated in the ECA for Boiler No. 2.
A 24‐hour rolling average was determined for hydrogen chloride, nitrogen oxides and sulphur dioxide
using the calculated 1‐hour average data to compare to the in‐stack emission limits stated in the ECA.
A 4‐hour rolling average was determined for carbon monoxide using the calculated 1‐hour average
data to compare to the in‐stack emission limit stated in the ECA.
Total hydrocarbon concentrations were measured by ORTECH following the procedures detailed in US
EPA Method 25A. Triplicate one‐hour tests were conducted at the Quench Inlet and BH Outlet of each
Boiler on September 9, 2019. The total hydrocarbon data measured by ORTECH at the Quench Inlet
sample locations was used to assess against the in‐stack emissions limits detailed in Schedule C of the
ECA.
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5. SAMPLE RECOVERY AND ANALYSIS
All sample analysis was performed by ALS Canada Ltd. Copies of Sample Logs/Chain of Custody Forms
for all samples submitted for chemical analysis are provided in Appendix 10.
5.1 Particulate and Metals
Before loading of the field test trains commenced, recovery data sheets were prepared to record initial
weights of the test train components. These sheets were also used during sample recovery to record
final weights and determine moisture gains and sample volumes. The particulate and metals train
recovery data sheets are provided in Appendix 11.
Following the conclusion of each test performed with the metals train, the probe was disconnected
and all openings sealed with Teflon tape. The test trains, including the probes, were taken to the on‐
site ORTECH mobile laboratory for sample recovery. The train recovery procedure is briefly described
as follows.
The test trains were visually inspected to ensure that no damage occurred during transportation. The
condition of the test train was noted. Filter and impinger content colors were recorded. The filter
housing was disassembled and the filter carefully transferred to its pre‐test petri dish with the use of
Teflon coated tweezers.
All the impingers were wiped dry on the outside then weighed and the results used to determine the
stack gas moisture content.
The front half of the sampling train was brushed and rinsed thoroughly with acetone. A nylon bristle
probe brush was used to assist in dislodging particulate material which may have adhered to the inside
surfaces of the nozzle and probe assembly. The front half was then rinsed in triplicate using 0.1 N nitric
acid but no brushing was performed.
The contents of the first four impingers were combined. Triplicate rinses of the impingers and
connecting glassware back to and including the Teflon filter support was performed with 0.1 N nitric
acid and combined with the impinger solution sample.
The contents of the fifth and sixth impingers were combined. The impingers with connecting glassware
were then rinsed in triplicate with approximately 100 mL of fresh potassium permanganate solution
followed by a triplicate rinse with 100 mL of distilled, de‐ionized water. All of the glassware rinses
were added to the sample container.
Any brown residue which was present in the fifth and sixth impingers was removed by incrementally
rinsing with small amounts of 8 N hydrochloric acid. These acid rinses were added to a separate
sample bottle which initially contained 150 mL of distilled, de‐ionized water. The impingers were then
rinsed with distilled, de‐ionized water into the same sample container.
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Each sample container was sealed, labeled and the fluid level marked (where appropriate) once that
portion of the recovery was completed. The samples were then checked against the master sample
log/chain of custody form and refrigerated until they were delivered to the analytical laboratory for
analysis.
The test samples were prepared and analyzed for metals according to US EPA Method 29 (modified).
The inorganic analytical reports are provided in Appendix 12.
5.2 Particle Size Distribution
Prior to loading the field test trains, recovery data sheets were prepared to record initial weights of the
test train components. These sheets were also used during sample recovery to record final weights
and determine moisture gains and sample volumes. The train recovery data sheets are provided in
Appendix 13.
The particle size distribution (PSD) samples were recovered in much the same way as the particulate
samples from the particulate and metals trains. Following the conclusion of each test performed with
the PSD trains, the probe was disconnected and all openings sealed with Teflon tape. The sample
recoveries were performed in the on‐site ORTECH sample recovery trailer.
The test trains were visually inspected to ensure that no damage during movement had occurred. The
recovery procedure is briefly described as follows.
The condition of the test train was noted and the filter and impinger colours were recorded. The
nozzle, PM10 cyclone walls, collection cup and outside of the exit stem was brushed and rinsed
thoroughly with acetone into a glass sample container to determine particulate greater than PM10. The
PM10 cup and connecting parts were rinsed with acetone in a glass sample container to determine
particulate less than PM10 but greater than PM2.5. The PM2.5 cup and connecting parts up to the back‐
up filter were rinsed with acetone into a glass sample container to determine particulate less than
PM2.5. The back‐up filter was transferred to its original petri dish.
The impingers were wiped dry on the outside then weighed and the results used to determine the
stack gas moisture content. The back half of the sampling train was then purged with nitrogen at 14
lpm for 1 hour as soon as possible after the completion of each test.
The back‐half of the sampling train was recovered following the procedures detailed in US EPA Method
202 for condensable particulate. The contents of the first impinger were poured into a glass sample
bottle and rinses of the impinger and connecting glassware were performed with water which was
added to the sample. The glassware was then rinsed with acetone and the rinse was repeated in
duplicate with hexane. The acetone and hexane rinses were combined into a single glass sample
bottle.
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Each sample container was sealed, labeled and the fluid level marked (where appropriate) once that
portion of the recovery was completed. The samples were then checked against the master sample
log/chain of custody form and refrigerated until they were delivered to the analytical laboratory for
analysis.
The particle size and condensable particulate matter results are presented with the inorganic analytical
reports provided in Appendix 12.
5.3 Semi‐Volatile Organic Compounds
Prior to loading the field test trains, recovery data sheets were prepared to record initial weights of the
test train components. These sheets were also used during sample recovery to record final weights
and determine moisture gains and sample volumes. The train recovery data sheets are provided in
Appendix 14.
Following the conclusion of each test performed with the semi‐volatile organics train, the probe was
disconnected and all openings sealed with Teflon tape. The test trains, including the probes, were
taken to the on‐site ORTECH mobile laboratory for sample recovery. The train recovery procedure is
briefly described as follows.
The condition of the test train was noted. Filter, XAD‐2 trap and impinger content colours were
recorded. The filter housing was disassembled and the filter carefully transferred, with the use of
Teflon coated tweezers, to a piece of pre‐cleaned aluminum foil. Each filter was then folded in half
onto itself within the foil, the foil ends crimped, then placed in a pre‐cleaned glass petri dish. Both the
foil containing the filter(s) and the glass Petri dish were labeled.
All of the impingers were wiped dry on the outside then weighed and the results used to determine
the stack gas moisture content.
The front half of the sampling train, up to but not including the trap, was brushed and rinsed
thoroughly with acetone. A Teflon probe brush was used to assist in dislodging particulate material
that may have adhered to the inside surfaces of the cyclone bypass and filter top assembly. This front
half rinse was then repeated using hexane, with no brushing, and all rinsing was combined with the
probe rinse sample.
The XAD‐2 trap was drained of excess cooling water and weighed. The ends were then sealed with
Teflon tape and the trap was labeled and wrapped in aluminum foil.
The contents of the first three impingers were combined in a pre‐cleaned amber glass sample bottle.
Triplicate rinses of the impingers and connecting glassware back to and including the trap bottom u‐
tube were performed first with HPLC water, which was added to the impinger solution sample, and
then with acetone followed by hexane. The acetone and hexane rinses were combined in a separate
sample bottle from the impinger solutions.
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Due to the design of ORTECH’s glassware, the filter bottom, filter bottom u‐tube and trap inlet stem
were not soaked for five minutes in each of acetone and hexane. Instead, these pieces of glassware
were given extra rinses with each of the solvents. Also, since ORTECH uses a one piece trap and
condenser, the five minute soak of this component was performed by the analytical laboratory.
Each sample container was sealed and labeled once that portion of the recovery was completed. The
samples were then checked against the master sample log/chain of custody form then refrigerated
until they were delivered to ALS for analysis.
Semi‐volatile organic analyses were performed on single composite extracts for each test according to
EPS 1/RM/3 and EPS 1/RM/23. These methods were modified slightly to include other semi‐volatile
organic compounds following the Environment Canada NITEP/Mid‐Connecticut combustion test
procedures. These analytical improvements have been implemented over many years and have been
identified and approved through laboratory accreditation and acceptance by the MECP.
The SVOC analytical reports are provided in Appendix 15.
5.4 Acid Gases
Following the conclusion of each test performed with the acid gas train, the probe was disconnected
and all openings sealed with Teflon tape. The test trains were taken to the on‐site ORTECH mobile
laboratory for sample recovery. The train recovery procedure is briefly described as follows.
The test trains were visually inspected to ensure that no damage occurred during transportation. The
condition of the test train was noted and the impinger content colors were recorded. All the impingers
were wiped dry on the outside then weighed and the results used to determine the stack gas moisture
content.
The contents of the first three impingers were combined. Triplicate rinses of the impingers and
connecting glassware back to and including the Teflon filter support was performed with high purity
water and combined with the impinger solution sample.
Each sample container was sealed, labeled and the fluid level marked (where appropriate) once that
portion of the recovery was completed. The samples were then checked against the master sample
log/chain of custody form and refrigerated until they were transported to the laboratory for analysis.
Analysis for hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride and ammonia was performed via ion
chromatography.
Train recovery data sheets are provided in Appendix 16. The acid gases analytical results are presented
with inorganic analytical reports in Appendix 12.
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5.5 Volatile Organics Train Recovery
Following the conclusion of each tube pair run performed with the volatile organic sampling train
(VOST), the tubes were removed from the train, capped and placed in appropriately labeled test tubes
which were also capped. The tubes were sent to ALS for volatile organic compound (VOC) analysis.
The VOST samples were analyzed via SW846 Method 5041A/8260B. Briefly, after spiking with internal
and surrogate standards, the traps were thermally desorbed through a clam shell heater then through
a chilled aqueous purge to remove the bulk of the moisture onto a secondary trap. These secondary
traps are further dried using a counter current flow of helium. The secondary traps are then thermally
desorbed into a VOC sample concentrator and again the VOCs are thermally transferred/concentrated
onto a GC column. The VOC compounds are separated via gas chromatography (GC) and analyzed via
GC/MS.
The condensate collected from each tube pair run was carefully transferred to a glass bottle and
combined as a single sample for each sampling location. The condensate samples were archived for
future analysis if necessary.
The VOST analytical report is provided in Appendix 17.
5.6 Aldehydes
Following the conclusion of each test performed with the Aldehyde Train the probe was disconnected
and all openings were sealed with Teflon tape. The test train was then recovered on site in an ORTECH
sample recovery trailer separate from all other test train recoveries and solvents. The train recovery
procedure is briefly described as follows.
The condition of the test train was noted. All the impingers were wiped dry and weighed. The
contents of the impingers were transferred into a glass sample container. The probe and impingers
were rinsed with a small amount of DNPH followed by a small amount of toluene into the same sample
container.
Each sample container was sealed, labeled and the fluid level marked (where appropriate) once that
portion of the recovery was completed. The samples were then checked against the master sample
log/chain of custody form and refrigerated until they were transported to the laboratory for analysis.
Analysis for formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and acrolein was performed via HPLC. The sample recovery
data sheets are provided in Appendix 18 and the analytical results are presented in Appendix 19.
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6. INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL QA/QC PROGRAM
6.1 General
As with other emission testing programs conducted by ORTECH, a comprehensive internal quality
assurance/quality control (QA/QC) program was included.
Blank sampling trains were recovered and analyzed or reagent blanks were analyzed using the same
procedures as the test trains to provide background concentrations of the emission test components.
6.2 Pre‐Test Activities
Prior to the commencement of the emission testing program, the following activities were performed:
Preparation, pre‐cleaning and proofing of the manual stack sampling trains and sample containers.
Preparation and quality checks of chemicals, reagents, filters and XAD‐2 adsorbent resin.
Calibration of all sampling and monitoring equipment.
Development (and review) of data acquisition, data reduction and summary procedures.
Development of internal QA/QC field data sheets.
Review of equipment calibration logs.
Review of proposed field and laboratory procedures.
All proving data for the Semi‐Volatile Organics Train glassware and auxiliary equipment was deemed
acceptable prior to the test program.
A proof rinse of the sampling probes was collected and archived for future analysis if necessary.
For each batch of VOST tubes, a minimum of 1 pair in 10 was analyzed to demonstrate an absence of
significant background contaminants from the tubes prior to the test program.
The proof data for the semi‐volatile organics glassware and VOST tubes is provided in Appendix 20.
The proof data for the aldehyde solutions is provided in the aldehyde analytical report.
All equipment used in the field testing program was calibrated and checked prior to the field testing
program. Pertinent equipment calibration data is supplied in Appendix 21.
As part of ORTECH’s internal QA/QC, data acquisition, data reduction and summary procedures were
already in place and periodic spot checks of the computer programs were performed using known data
sets.
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6.3 Emission Testing QA/QC Results
Prior to the field testing program, preliminary data was acquired to perform the required calculations
for choosing a nozzle size to permit isokinetic sampling.
The internal diameter of each duct was verified and the appropriate number of sampling points was
marked on each sampling probe.
The following general QA/QC criteria were satisfied for each of the test trains where applicable:
All sampling equipment was cleaned and proven clean (where applicable) prior to the
commencement of the field testing program.
All sampling equipment passed a visual and operational check prior to use in the field.
Oil filled manometer gauges which had been properly leveled and zeroed were used to measure the
velocity pressure.
All sampling data was recorded in ink on preformatted data sheets at least once every 5 minutes
and/or at least twice during sampling each traverse point.
Any unusual occurrences were noted during each test on the appropriate data form.
The field team leader reviewed all calibration and sampling data forms daily.
Only tapered edge sampling nozzles and S‐type pitot tubes that had been visually inspected and
caliper measured, and deemed acceptable, were used for sampling.
Each leg of the S‐type pitot was leak‐checked before the start of testing. The leak‐checks were all
acceptable (no leak detected).
Each entire sampling train met acceptable leak‐check criteria before and after each test, and during
any move from one sampling traverse to another. If a test did not meet the leak‐check criteria the
test was voided and repeated.
The S‐type pitot tube and sampling nozzle were maintained parallel to the flow during testing and
care was taken to ensure that they did not scrape the ports when being inserted and removed from
the stack.
The probe and filter components were maintained at 120C 14C during testing. If the probe or
filter temperature was outside of the acceptable range the test was halted until the temperature
could be brought back into the acceptable range.
Covanta was responsible for monitoring process operations during testing and notified ORTECH when
testing was to proceed.
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6.4 Sample Recovery, Handling and Custody
ORTECH’s sample identification scheme and system for handling and processing samples was initiated
as part of ORTECH’s sample tracking system for stack emission samples. All samples were identified by
a unique sample number comprised of a series of numbers and letters. A master sample log/chain of
custody form was maintained by the QA/QC designate and was made available to the ORTECH
personnel designated to perform the sample recovery for a specific sampling train. Once a sample was
collected it was labeled and checked against the sample log by the QA/QC designate.
The information contained within the sample number and the sample log enabled the sampling,
recovery, data reduction and report writing personnel to easily determine the test date, test number,
test type and train sample identification for a given sample. To ensure continuity, the analytical
laboratory was requested to use the ORTECH number for sample identification.
The ORTECH personnel responsible for delivering samples used the master sample log/chain of custody
form to document the transfer of the samples to the analytical laboratory. Appropriate care was taken
when shipping the samples in order to maintain sample integrity. Once the samples and master
sample log/chain of custody forms were received by the analytical laboratory, the laboratory personnel
verified that all samples had been received and their integrity maintained. The laboratory personnel
then signed the master log and made a photocopy which ORTECH personnel received as a record of the
chain of custody for the samples.
6.5 Analytical Results
It should be noted that due to the design of ORTECH’s semi‐volatile organic sampling train glassware,
the filter bottom, filter bottom u‐tube and trap inlet stems are not soaked with each of the required
solvents (acetone and hexane) during test train recovery. Instead, these components of the test train
were given additional rinses with each of the required solvents. Also, because ORTECH uses a one
piece condenser and XAD‐2 trap, this component of the test train was Teflon sealed and wrapped with
foil prior to being transported to the analytical laboratory where it was given the required five minute
soaking with each of acetone and hexane. This is consistent with all SVOC test programs conducted by
ORTECH and the modification was documented in the Pre‐Test Plan approved by the MECP.
Analyses for the present emission testing program were performed using acceptable laboratory
procedures in accordance with the specified analytical protocols. Adherence to the prescribed QA/QC
procedures ensured data of consistent and measurable quality. Analytical quality control focused on
the use of control standards to provide a measure of analytical accuracy. Replicate analysis (usually
duplicate analysis) of the same sample was used as a means of determining precision of the various
analytical procedures. Also specific acceptance criteria were defined for various analytical operations
including calibrations, control standard analysis, drift checks, blanks, etc.
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The following general QA/QC procedures were incorporated into the analytical effort:
the on‐site Field Supervisor reviewed all data and QA/QC data on a daily basis for completeness
and acceptability
master sample logs were maintained for all samples collected
analytical QA/QC data was tabulated by the analytical laboratories using appropriate charts or
forms
all hard copy raw data was maintained in organized files
Specific analytical QA/QC procedures are presented in the analytical reports and are briefly
summarized below.
6.5.1 Metals Sample Analysis QA/QC
The analysis of the Method 29 stack samples involved sample digestion followed by Inductively
Coupled Argon Plasma Mass Spectroscopy (ICP‐MS) analysis. The analysis for mercury employed cold
vapour atomic absorption (CVAA). The analytical QA/QC is described as follows and the results are
provided in the analytical report.
ICPMS Analysis
The quality assurance activities conducted by the analytical laboratory are detailed in the Quality
Assurance Report provided in the analytical report. Specific QA/QC results are summarized below:
One duplicate sample analysis was performed for the test program. The relative percent difference
was less than 3.1% well within the acceptable limit of less than ±20%, for elements that are greater
than 5 times the minimum detection limit.
A blank spike (performed as a pre‐digestion spike) was analyzed with the test samples. All of the
recovery results were between 91‐105%, except for silver in the front half sample (71%). The
acceptable limit is 85‐115% of the true value.
A matrix spike (performed as a post digestion spike) was analyzed with the test samples. All of the
recovery results were between 84‐98%. The acceptable limit is 70‐130% of the true value.
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The following general analytical QA/QC requirements must also be met or the samples are re‐analyzed:
An instrument calibration check standard was analyzed immediately after the calibration curve and
must be within 90%‐110% of the actual concentrations.
Instrument calibration blank check sample were analyzed with every 10 samples and must be
within three times the minimum detection limit.
A continuing calibration check is run every 10 samples and must be within 85%‐115% of the actual
concentrations.
Instrument (interference) check sample for ICP‐MS analysis was analyzed before and after each
analytical run. The value(s) found for the interference check sample must be within 80%‐120% of
the true value.
Chromium, molybdenum and nickel were observed by the analytical laboratory in the method blank at
levels greater than the limit of reporting. Chromium and lead were observed by the analytical
laboratory in the reagent blank at levels greater than the limit of reporting. The test sample data may
be biased high for these compounds as a result of this potential background.
Mercury Analysis
The quality assurance activities conducted by the analytical laboratory are detailed in the Quality
Assurance Report provided in the analytical report. Specific QA/QC results are summarized below:
One duplicate sample analysis was performed for each fraction. The relative percent difference
was less than 2% within the acceptable limit of less than ±20%, for fractions that are greater than 5
times the minimum detection limit.
A blank spike (performed as a pre‐digestion spike) was analyzed with the test samples. All of the
recovery results were between 91‐96% within the acceptable limit of 90‐110% of the true value.
A matrix spike (performed as a post digestion spike) was analyzed with the test samples. All of the
recovery results were between 89‐99% within the acceptable limit of 85‐115% of the true value.
The following general analytical QA/QC requirements must also be met or the samples are re‐analyzed:
A 5 point calibration was performed.
An instrument check calibration standard was analyzed immediately after the calibration and must
be within 90%‐110% of the actual concentration
One mid‐range calibration standard was analyzed after 10 samples and at the end of the run and
must be within 85%‐115% of the actual concentration.
Instrument calibration blank check sample is analyzed with every 10 samples and must be within
three times the minimum detection limit.
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6.5.2 Acid Gas Sample Analysis QA/QC
Analyses of the acid gas samples from the Method 26A sampling train was performed by Ion
Chromatography (IC). The quality assurance activities conducted by the analytical laboratory are
detailed in the Quality Assurance Report provided in the analytical report. Specific QA/QC results are
summarized below:
All of the hydrogen chloride and hydrogen fluoride analyses were conducted in duplicate. One
duplicate sample analysis was also performed for ammonia. The relative percent difference was
less than 4.6%, well within the acceptable limit of less than ±20% for compounds that are greater
than 5 times the minimum detection limit.
A blank spike sample was analyzed with the test samples. The recovery results for the blank spike
sample were 98% for hydrogen chloride, 101% for hydrogen fluoride and 103% for ammonia,
within the acceptable range of 90‐110%.
A matrix spike (spike confirmation) sample was analyzed with every 20 samples to confirm the
identity of each peak. The recovery results of the matrix spike sample were 101% for hydrogen
chloride, 95% for hydrogen fluoride and 98% for ammonia, within the acceptable range of 80‐120%.
The following general analytical QA/QC requirements must also be met or the samples are re‐analyzed:
A 6 point calibration bracketing the expected range.
An instrument check calibration standard was analyzed immediately after the calibration and must
be within 90%‐110% of the actual concentration.
A complete set of calibration standards were analyzed at the end of the analysis and must be
within 10% of the true value.
One mid‐range calibration standard was analyzed after 10 samples and at the end of the run and
must be within 90%‐110% of the actual concentration.
Instrument calibration blank check samples were analyzed with every 10 samples and must be
within three times the minimum detection limit for each ion.
6.5.3 Aldehyde Sample Analysis QA/QC
Analysis for formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and acrolein was performed via Liquid Chromatography (LC).
Laboratory control samples were analyzed with the test samples. A trip spike sample was prepared by
the analytical laboratory, taken to the site and submitted for analysis with the test samples. The
analytical laboratory stated that the trip spike was initially prepared with 1000 µg/mL each of
acetaldehyde and formaldehyde, and 500 µg/mL of acrolein. The analysis of the trip spike, conducted
with the test samples, showed 1.9 µg/sample of acetaldehyde and 1.1 µg/ sample of formaldehyde.
Acrolein was not detected in quantities greater than the analytical detection limit. The laboratory was
unable to provide an explanation as to why the recoveries were so poor and ORTECH cannot verify that
the trip spike sample was prepared correctly. As a result, recovery data for the trip spike sample could
not be confirmed.
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Acrolein and formaldehyde were not detected in the blank samples in quantities greater than the
reported detection limit. Acetaldehyde was detected in both blank samples in quantities greater than
the test samples.
6.5.4 SVOC Sample Analysis QA/QC
The combined filter, probe rinse, Amberlite XAD‐2 cartridge, impinger solutions and associated rinse
and soaking solutions for each of the semi‐volatile organics trains were analyzed together as one
sample per test.
Staff at ALS added extraction standards to all samples prior to extraction. Clean‐up standards were
added just prior to the clean‐up process. Recoveries of the clean‐up standards provide an indication on
the losses that occur during the extract clean‐up. The analytical report includes the lists of the field
spike, extraction and clean‐up standards used. The analysis of samples involved complex sample
extraction and cleanup, followed by HRMS/MS analysis.
Recovery of the dioxin and furan field spike standards were between 71‐108% which indicates good
extraction efficiency and provides a high degree of confidence in the results obtained from the dioxin
and furan test trains.
Per the analytical report for chlorophenols, the Blank No. 1 sample appeared to have selective losses
for some of the labelled extraction standards, in particular the 13C6‐4‐Chlorophenol and the 13C6‐2,4‐
dichlorophenol. The losses may be related to volatility or extraction efficiency. Due to the losses
chlorophenol and dichlorophenol target analytes could not be quantified for the sample.
6.5.5 Volatile Organic Compound Analysis QA/QC
Prior to sampling VOST tube pairs were cleaned and conditioned under helium sweep (approximately
50 mL/min flow) through each tube in an oven at 280C for at least 12 hours. One VOST pair was
analyzed and proven clean for every 10 pairs cleaned. VOST tubes were end‐capped and stored sealed
in individual screw‐capped vials at 4C between conditioning and shipment to the field.
Three field blanks, a trip blank and a laboratory method blank were analyzed with the test sample
tubes. VOST tubes were desorbed and analyzed, combined as pairs, according to SW846 Method
5041A/8260B.
The analytical report includes the field standards, internal standards and surrogate standards used.
The surrogate recoveries for each of the surrogates should be between 50‐150%. The recoveries for
each sample were between 59‐134%.
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7. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Emission tests were completed for particulate matter, particle size distribution, condensable
particulate matter, metals, semi‐volatile organic compounds, aldehydes, acid gases and volatile organic
compounds at the Boiler No. 1 BH Outlet and Boiler No. 2 BH Outlet.
Combustion gases, including hydrochloric acid, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide
were measured during the emission testing program (September 9 to September 13, 2019 for Boiler
No. 1 and September 9 to September 12, 2019 for Boiler No. 2) by the DYEC CEMS. Total hydrocarbon
concentrations were also measured at the BH Outlet and Quench Inlet by ORTECH on September 9,
2019.
Tables referenced in this report for the tests conducted at Boiler No. 1 and Boiler No. 2 are provided in
Appendix 1 and Appendix 2, respectively.
Detailed test schedules are provided in Table 1 and Table 2 of Appendix 1 and Appendix 2 for Boiler No.
1 and Boiler No. 2, respectively.
7.1 Stack Gas Sampling Parameters
Emission test calculations for the particulate and metals, particle size, acid gases, and SVOC tests
conducted are provided in Appendix 22 to Appendix 25, respectively.
Stack gas sampling parameters for the tests conducted at each location are summarized in Table 3
(Appendix 1 and Appendix 2). These parameters include calibration data, nozzle diameter, dry gas
volume sampled and average percentage of isokineticity for each test.
7.2 Stack Gas Physical Parameters
Stack gas physical parameters for tests conducted at each BH Outlet location are presented in Table 4
(Appendix 1 and Appendix 2). The average values from the isokinetic tests at each site are summarized
below:
Stack Gas Parameter Boiler No. 1 BH Outlet* Boiler No. 2 BH Outlet*
Gas Temperature (C) 139 140
Moisture by Volume (%) 17.0 16.7
Velocity (m/s) 17.4 17.2
Static Pressure (kPa) ‐2.17 ‐2.37
Absolute Pressure (kPa) 99.3 98.9
Carbon Dioxide by Volume (%)** 11.2 11.0
Oxygen by Volume (%)** 8.17 8.24
* Excludes the isokinetic Acid Gases tests as testing was conducted on a single traverse of the duct
** dry basis, measured by DYEC CEMS
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7.3 Volumetric Flowrate Data
Stack gas volumetric flowrates for the tests conducted at each BH Outlet location are presented in
Table 5 (Appendix 1 and Appendix 2). The average flowrate values from the tests at each site are
summarized below:
Volumetric Flowrate Boiler No. 1 BH Outlet* Boiler No. 2 BH Outlet*
Actual Flowrate (m3/s) 25.7 25.4
Dry Reference Flowrate (Rm3/s)** 15.1 14.9
Dry Adjusted Flowrate (Rm3/s)*** 19.4 19.1
Wet Reference Flowrate (Rm3/s)** 18.2 17.9
* Excludes the isokinetic Acid Gases tests as testing was conducted on a single traverse of the duct
** at 25C and 1 atmosphere
*** at 25C and 1 atmosphere, adjusted to 11% oxygen by volume
7.4 Particulate Emission Data
Filterable particulate emission data obtained from each of the particulate and metals tests conducted
at the BH Outlet of each Boiler is presented in Table 6 (Appendix 1 and Appendix 2). Average filterable
particulate emission data for each BH Outlet location is summarized below:
Particulate Emission Parameter Boiler No. 1 BH Outlet Boiler No. 2 BH Outlet
Actual Conc. (mg/m3) <0.46 <0.41
Dry Reference Conc. (mg/Rm3)* <0.78 <0.69
Dry Adjusted Conc. (mg/Rm3)** <0.61 <0.54
Wet Reference Conc. (mg/Rm3)* <0.64 <0.58
Emission Rate (mg/s) <12.2 <10.5
* at 25C and 1 atmosphere
** at 25C and 1 atmosphere, adjusted to 11% oxygen by volume
The ECA stipulates maximum in‐stack limits for the emissions of various compounds including
particulate matter. The particulate dry adjusted concentration at the Boiler No. 1 BH Outlet (<0.61
mg/Rm3, adjusted to 11% oxygen) and the Boiler No. 2 BH Outlet (<0.54 mg/Rm3, adjusted to 11%
oxygen) were well below the maximum limit (9 mg/Rm3, adjusted to 11% oxygen) stated in the ECA.
The amount of particulate matter detected in the blank sampling train filter and acetone probe rinse
samples for Boiler No. 1 BH Outlet was 0.1 mg and <0.1 mg, respectively. The amount of particulate
detected in the blank sampling train filter and acetone probe rinse samples for Boiler No. 2 BH Outlet
was 0.6 mg and <0.1 mg, respectively. Although these levels are significant relative to the amount
detected in the test trains, the blank analysis was not subtracted from the test sample analyses during
calculation of the particulate emission data.
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Particle size distribution tests were also conducted at the BH Outlet of each Boiler. PM10 and PM2.5
emission data is detailed in Table 7 (Appendix 1 and Appendix 2) for each location. Average emission
data for each BH Outlet location is summarized below:
PM10 PM2.5
PM10 and PM2.5 Boiler No. 1 Boiler No. 2 Boiler No. 1 Boiler No. 2
Emission Parameter BH Outlet BH Outlet BH Outlet BH Outlet
Actual Conc. (mg/m3) <0.16 <0.15 <0.098 <0.097
Dry Reference Conc. (mg/Rm3)* <0.28 <0.25 <0.17 <0.17
Dry Adjusted Conc. (mg/Rm3)** <0.21 <0.20 <0.13 <0.13
Wet Reference Conc. (mg/Rm3)* <0.23 <0.21 <0.14 <0.14
Emission Rate (mg/s) <4.03 <3.70 <2.42 <2.47
* at 25C and 1 atmosphere
** at 25C and 1 atmosphere, adjusted to 11% oxygen by volume
Condensable particulate emission data obtained from the back‐half of each of the particle size
distribution tests conducted at the BH Outlet for each Boiler is presented in Table 8 (Appendix 1 and
Appendix 2). Average condensable particulate emission data for each BH Outlet location is
summarized below:
Inorganic Fraction Organic Fraction
Condensable Particulate Emission Boiler No. 1 Boiler No. 2 Boiler No. 1 Boiler No. 2
Parameter BH Outlet BH Outlet BH Outlet BH Outlet
Actual Conc. (mg/m3) 0.87 1.13 0.51 0.78
Dry Reference Conc. (mg/Rm3)* 1.46 1.95 0.86 1.33
Dry Adjusted Conc. (mg/Rm3)** 1.13 1.53 0.66 1.04
Wet Reference Conc. (mg/Rm3)* 1.22 1.61 0.72 1.10
Emission Rate (mg/s) 21.4 28.8 12.5 19.7
* at 25C and 1 atmosphere
** at 25C and 1 atmosphere, adjusted to 11% oxygen by volume
The amount of condensable particulate detected in the blank sampling train for Boiler No. 1 was 0.4
mg for the inorganic fraction and <0.1 mg for the organic fraction. The amount of condensable
particulate detected in the blank sampling train for Boiler No. 2 was <0.1 mg for the inorganic fraction
and 1.0 mg for the organic fraction. Although these levels are significant relative to the amount
detected in the test trains, the blank analysis was not subtracted from the test sample analyses during
calculation of the condensable particulate emission data.
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The average PM10 and PM2.5 results, including condensable particulate matter, are summarized below
for each Boiler:
PM10 + Condensable PM2.5 + Condensable
PM10 and PM2.5 + Condensable Boiler No. 1 Boiler No. 2 Boiler No. 1 Boiler No. 2
Emission Parameter BH Outlet BH Outlet BH Outlet BH Outlet
Actual Conc. (mg/m3) <1.54 <2.06 <1.48 <2.01
Dry Reference Conc. (mg/Rm3)* <2.60 <3.53 <2.49 <3.45
Dry Adjusted Conc. (mg/Rm3)** <2.00 <2.77 <1.92 <2.70
Wet Reference Conc. (mg/Rm3)* <2.17 <2.92 <2.08 <2.85
Emission Rate (mg/s) <37.9 <52.2 <36.3 <51.0
* at 25C and 1 atmosphere
** at 25C and 1 atmosphere, adjusted to 11% oxygen by volume
7.5 Acid Gases
Hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride and ammonia emission data for the tests conducted at the BH
Outlet of each Boiler are presented in Table 9 (Appendix 1 and Appendix 2). Hydrogen fluoride was not
detected in any of the test samples in quantities greater than the detection limit. The detection limit
was used to calculate hydrogen fluoride emission data. Hydrogen chloride and ammonia were
detected in quantities greater than the detection limit in all of the samples collected at each location.
Average hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride and ammonia emission data for the tests conducted at
the BH Outlet of each Boiler is summarized below:
Hydrogen Chloride Hydrogen Fluoride Ammonia
Acid Gases Boiler No. Boiler No. 2 Boiler No. 1 Boiler No. 2 Boiler No. 1 Boiler No. 2
Emission Parameter 1
Actual Conc. (mg/m3) 5.16 1.74 <0.077 <0.076 0.27 0.46
Dry Reference Conc. (mg/Rm3)* 8.76 2.93 <0.13 <0.13 0.46 0.78
Dry Adjusted Conc. (mg/Rm3)** 6.86 2.30 <0.10 <0.10 0.36 0.61
Wet Reference Conc. (mg/Rm3)* 7.22 2.46 <0.11 <0.11 0.38 0.66
Emission Rate (mg/s) 136 44.8 <2.03 <1.96 7.08 12.0
Dry Adjusted Conc. (ppm)** 4.60 1.54 0.13 0.12 0.51 0.88
* at 25C and 1 atmosphere
** at 25C and 1 atmosphere, adjusted to 11% oxygen by volume
Hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride and ammonia were not detected in the blank samples in
quantities greater than the detection limit. The blank analysis was not subtracted from the test sample
analyses during calculation of the emission data.
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7.6 Combustion Gas Emission Data
Combustion gases, including carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen chloride, nitrogen oxides,
oxygen and sulphur dioxide, were measured continuously at the BH Outlet during the emission testing
program by the DYEC CEMs. Oxygen was also measured at the Quench Inlet by the DYEC CEMS. The
oxygen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide concentrations for each test period were used to
calculate the molecular weight of the gas stream. The oxygen concentration data was also used to
correct the dry reference concentration data to 11% oxygen.
DYEC provided 1‐hour average concentrations for each clock hour using the 1‐minute combustion gas
data measured by the DYEC CEMs during each isokinetic test day at each Boiler. DYEC CEMS data was
provided from September 9, 2019 at 00:00 to September 13, 2019 at 23:00 for Boiler No. 1 and from
September 9, 2019 at 00:00 to September 12, 2019 at 23:00 for Boiler No. 2.
A 24‐hour rolling average was determined for hydrogen chloride, nitrogen oxides and sulphur dioxide
using the 1‐hour average data for the isokinetic test days at each unit to compare to the in‐stack limits
stated in the ECA. A 4‐hour rolling average was determined for carbon monoxide using the calculated
1‐hour average data for the isokinetic test days at each unit to compare to the in‐stack limit stated in
the ECA.
The minimum, average and maximum 1‐hour, 4‐hour and 24‐hour combustion gas data measured by
the DYEC CEMS is summarized in Table 10 (Appendix 1 and Appendix 2). The maximum concentration,
along with the in‐stack limit stated in the ECA, is summarized in the following table for each
component.
In‐Stack ECA Maximum Concentration
Combustion Gases Emission Parameter Limit Boiler No. 1 Boiler No. 2
Oxygen (%, 1‐hr) ‐ 10.13 10.12
Carbon Monoxide (mg/Rm3, 4‐hr)* ≤ 40 19.3 19.5
Sulphur Dioxide (mg/Rm3, 24‐hr)* ≤ 35 0 0.1
BH Outlet
Nitrogen Oxides (mg/Rm3, 24‐hr)* ≤ 121 112 111
Hydrogen Chloride (mg/Rm3, 24‐hr)* ≤ 9 3.6 5.5
Total Hydrocarbons (mg/Rm3, 1‐hr)* ‐ 0 2
Quench Inlet Oxygen (%, 1‐hr) ≥ 6 9 10
* dry at reference conditions, adjusted to 11% oxygen
** dry at reference conditions
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Total hydrocarbon concentration data was measured by ORTECH on September 9, 2019 at the Quench
Inlet and BH Outlet sampling locations. The results of the total hydrocarbons tests are summarized in
Table 10 (Appendix 1 and Appendix 2). The average THC concentration for each location, along with
the in‐stack limit stated in the ECA, is summarized in the following table.
Average Concentration
Combustion Gases Emission Parameter Limit Boiler No. 1 Boiler No. 2
Total Hydrocarbons (1‐minute)* ‐ 0.5 0.9
BH Outlet
Total Hydrocarbons (10‐minute)** ‐ 0.5 0.9
Total Hydrocarbons (1‐minute)* ‐ 0.8 0.3
Quench Inlet
Total Hydrocarbons (10‐minute)** 50 0.8 0.3
* ppm dry basis, expressed as equivalent methane (average of each 60 minute test with data
recorded in 1‐minute intervals)
** ppm dry basis, expressed as equivalent methane (average of each 60 minute test calculated using
the 10‐minute rolling average)
The one‐minute average total hydrocarbon data and the 10‐minute total hydrocarbon data measured
by ORTECH and expressed on a dry basis as equivalent methane is provided in Appendix 26.
7.7 Metal Emission Data
Metal analytical results for the tests performed at the BH Outlet of each Boiler are given in Tables 11,
12 and 13 (Appendix 1 and Appendix 2) for Test No. 1, Test No. 2 and Test No. 3, respectively. Metal
concentrations and emission rates are shown in Tables 14, 15 and 16 for Test No. 1, Test No. 2 and Test
No. 3, respectively.
Summaries of the metal actual concentrations, dry reference concentrations, dry adjusted
concentrations, wet reference concentrations, and emission rates including the coefficients of
variation for the tests performed are provided in Tables 17, 18, 19, 20 and 21, respectively. Table 22
summarizes the average metal emission data for the tests performed.
Table 23 summarizes the results from the blank metals trains. The amount of metals detected in the
blank trains was significant when compared to the amounts collected in the test trains since most of
the metals in the test trains were at or near the detection limit. The emission data was not corrected
for the blank data.
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The metals analysis of the Method 29 test trains was performed on two separate analytical fractions,
the probe and filter hydrofluoric acid digest and analysis of the train impingers and associated rinses.
In instances where all analyses were reported to be below the detection limit for a given metal, the
value of the detection limit for the fraction most likely to contain that metal was used to calculate
emission data, and the remaining fraction was assigned a value of zero. In instances where any given
fraction was detected that value was used to calculate emission data, and the remaining undetected
fraction were assigned a value of zero.
The ECA stipulates maximum in‐stack limits for the emissions of various compounds including cadmium
and lead.
The average cadmium emission data is summarized below:
Cadmium Emission Parameter Boiler No. 1 BH Outlet Boiler No. 2 BH Outlet
3
Actual Conc. (µg/m ) 0.13 0.060
3
Dry Reference Conc. (µg/Rm )* 0.23 0.10
3
Dry Adjusted Conc. (µg/Rm )** 0.18 0.080
Wet Reference Conc. (µg/Rm3)* 0.19 0.086
Emission Rate (mg/s) 0.0036 0.0016
* at 25C and 1 atmosphere
** at 25C and 1 atmosphere, adjusted to 11% oxygen by volume
The average lead emission data is summarized below:
Lead Emission Parameter Boiler No. 1 BH Outlet Boiler No. 2 BH Outlet
3
Actual Conc. (µg/m ) 0.41 0.43
3
Dry Reference Conc. (µg/Rm )* 0.70 0.73
3
Dry Adjusted Conc. (µg/Rm )** 0.54 0.57
3
Wet Reference Conc. (µg/Rm )* 0.58 0.61
Emission Rate (mg/s) 0.011 0.011
* at 25C and 1 atmosphere
** at 25C and 1 atmosphere, adjusted to 11% oxygen by volume
The cadmium and lead dry adjusted concentrations were well below the maximum in‐stack emission
limits stated in the ECA (7 µg/Rm3, adjusted to 11% oxygen for cadmium and 50 µg/Rm3, adjusted to
11% oxygen for lead).
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7.8 Mercury Emission Data
Mercury analysis, concentration and emission data are also summarized in the metals emission tables.
Mercury was detected in samples from each test, specifically in the impinger sample analysis, and as is
the case with all other analyses the mercury analytical results are not blank corrected.
The average mercury emission data is summarized below:
Mercury Emission Parameter Boiler No. 1 BH Outlet Boiler No. 2 BH Outlet
3
Actual Conc. (µg/m ) 0.22 <0.073
3
Dry Reference Conc. (µg/Rm )* 0.37 <0.12
Dry Adjusted Conc. (µg/Rm3)** 0.29 <0.097
Wet Reference Conc. (µg/Rm3)* 0.31 <0.10
Emission Rate (mg/s) 0.0058 <0.0019
* at 25C and 1 atmosphere
** at 25C and 1 atmosphere, adjusted to 11% oxygen by volume
The mercury dry adjusted concentrations were well below the maximum in‐stack emission limit stated
in the ECA of 15 µg/Rm3, adjusted to 11% oxygen.
7.9 Semi‐Volatile Organic Emission Data
The combined filter and probe rinse, and combined Amberlite XAD‐2 cartridge and impinger solutions
for each of the semi‐volatile organics trains were analyzed together (one analysis per test) for semi‐
volatile organic compounds including select dioxins, furans, dioxin‐like polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs), chlorobenzenes (CBs), chlorophenols (CPs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at the
BH Outlet of each Boiler.
7.9.1 Dioxins and Furans Emission Data
Dioxins and furans are groups of chemically related chlorinated organic compounds or congeners.
There are seventy‐five dioxin congeners and one hundred and thirty five furan congeners. The
individual congeners all have different molecular structures and they may also have different
molecular formulae. Individual congeners, which have the same molecular formula but different
molecular structure, are referred to as isomers. Groups of isomers are referred to as congener groups
or homologues. The basic dioxin and furan molecules have the molecular formulae C12H8O2 and
C12H8O, respectively. In chlorinated dioxin and furans, between one and eight chlorine atoms may
replace an equal number of hydrogen atoms in the basic molecule.
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The following table lists the chlorinated dioxin and furan congener groups, and the number of isomers
present in each group:
Number of Chlorine Number of Isomers Per
Congener Group Abbreviation Molecular Formula
Atoms Per Molecule Congener Group
M1CDD 1 C12H7ClO2 2
D2CDD 2 C12H6Cl2O2 10
T3CDD 3 C12H5Cl3O2 14
T4CDD 4 C12H4Cl4O2 22
Dioxins
P5CDD 5 C12H3Cl5O2 14
H6CDD 6 C12H2Cl6O2 10
H7CDD 7 C12H1Cl7O2 2
O8CDD 8 C12Cl8O2 1
M1CDF 1 C12H7ClO 4
D2CDF 2 C12H6Cl2O 16
T3CDF 3 C12H5Cl3O 28
T4CDF 4 C12H4Cl4O 38
Furans
P5CDF 5 C12H3Cl5O 28
H6CDF 6 C12H2Cl6O 16
H7CDF 7 C12H1Cl7O 4
O8CDF 8 C12Cl8O 1
In Ontario, the MECP normally requires that only the higher tetra to octa (T4CDD to O8CDD) dioxin
congeners and the higher tetra to octa (T4CDF to O8CDF) furan congeners are included in air emission
testing. This is because the lower mono to tri congener groups (M1CDD to T3CDD and M1CDF to
T3CDF) are considered to be generally less toxic than the higher congener groups and the test
procedures have not been validated for these lower groups. In addition, it is acceptable to the MECP
to use only specific isomers in the higher congener groups to compare emission data with the MECP
criteria for dioxin and furan emissions.
Dioxin and furan congener group analytical results and emission data for the tests performed at the BH
Outlet of each Boiler are given in Table 24 to Table 32 (Appendix 1 and Appendix 2). The results are
shown as congener groups from T4CDF to O8CDF and T4CDD to O8CDD, as normally required by the
MECP.
The average dioxin congener group emission data for each location is summarized below:
Dioxin Congener Emission Parameter Boiler No. 1 BH Outlet Boiler No. 2 BH Outlet
Actual Conc. (ng/m3) 0.040 0.25
Dry Reference Conc. (ng/Rm3)* 0.067 0.43
Dry Adjusted Conc. (ng/Rm3)** 0.052 0.34
Wet Reference Conc. (ng/Rm3)* 0.056 0.36
Emission Rate (ng/s) 1.02 6.43
* at 25C and 1 atmosphere
** at 25C and 1 atmosphere, adjusted to 11% oxygen by volume
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The average furan congener group emission data for each location is summarized below:
Furan Congener Emission Parameter Boiler No. 1 BH Outlet Boiler No. 2 BH Outlet
3
Actual Conc. (ng/m ) <0.019 0.059
3
Dry Reference Conc. (ng/Rm )* <0.033 0.10
Dry Adjusted Conc. (ng/Rm3)** <0.026 0.078
Wet Reference Conc. (ng/Rm3)* <0.027 0.084
Emission Rate (ng/s) <0.50 1.50
* at 25C and 1 atmosphere
** at 25C and 1 atmosphere, adjusted to 11% oxygen by volume
The amounts of dioxin and furan congeners detected in the blank sampling trains and in the laboratory
blank were insignificant when compared to the amounts detected in the test trains. The blank
sampling train analytical results are shown in Table 33. The blank analyses were not subtracted from
the test sample analyses during calculation of the dioxin and furan congener emission data.
Dioxin, furan and dioxin‐like PCB specific isomer analytical results and emission data for the tests
performed are given in Table 34 to Table 42 (Appendix 1 and 2) for the BH Outlets. The isomers
included in these tables are considered the most toxic of all the dioxin and furan isomers. They are
characterized by having chlorine atoms located at the 2, 3, 7 and 8 positions of the basic dioxin and
furan molecules.
The blank sampling train analytical results are shown in Table 43 for the BH Outlet. The blank analyses
were not subtracted from the test sample analyses during the calculation of the dioxin and furan
isomer emission data.
Several schemes have been proposed for calculating dioxin and furan toxic equivalents (TEQ’s) in which
different factors have been assigned to the various isomers and congener groups. Calculations in this
report are based on the methods preferred by the MECP, which use WHO and NATO/CCMS (1989)
toxicity equivalence factors (TEFs).
The purpose in calculating dioxin and furan emission rates as toxic equivalents is to provide a means of
assessing and comparing the effects of dioxin and furan emission rates for different emission sources.
In these calculations, 2,3,7,8‐T4CDD, the most toxic of all the dioxin and furan isomers, is assigned an
arbitrary value of 1.0 for a toxic equivalency factor.
Then, other dioxin and furan isomers are assigned toxic equivalency factors which are based on their
relative toxicity compared with 2,3,7,8‐T4CDD. Emission rates for each isomer are multiplied by their
assigned factor and the products are summed to provide the toxic equivalency emission rate.
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DYEC 2019 Compliance Emission Testing for Amended ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX, Report #21960 | Page 43
a Kontrol Energy Company
The MECP “Summary of Standards and Guidelines to Support Ontario Regulation 419/05 – Air Pollution
– Local Air Quality”, dated April 2012, provided a new framework for calculating dioxin and furan
toxicity equivalent concentrations which includes emission data for 12 dioxin‐like PCBs. This document
was replaced by “Air Contaminants Benchmarks List: standards, guidelines and screening levels for
assessing point of impingement concentrations of air contaminants”, with the most recent version
published on April 27, 2018, however the dioxin and furan toxicity equivalent calculation methodology
remains the same.
Tables 44 to 49 show the dioxins, furans and dioxin‐like PCBs toxicity equivalent emission data
calculated using the full detection limit for those compounds not detected. Table 50 show the dioxins,
furans and dioxin‐like PCBs toxicity equivalent emission data calculated using half the detection limit
for those compounds not detected.
The average dioxin, furan and dioxin‐like PCBs toxicity equivalent emission data, calculated using the
WHO toxicity equivalence factors and half the detection limit (Table 50 in Appendix 1 and Appendix 2)
is summarized below. Per the MECP standards and guidelines referenced above, dioxin, furan and
dioxin‐like PCB toxicity equivalent emission data calculated using the WHO toxicity equivalence factors
and half the detection limit are used for dispersion modelling analysis for comparison with the point of
impingement criteria discussed in Section 8.
Total Dioxin and Furan Isomer and Boiler No. 1 Boiler No. 2
PBCs Emission Parameter BH Outlet BH Outlet
Actual Conc. (pg TEQ/m3) 1.10 2.39
Dry Reference Conc. (pg TEQ/Rm3)* 1.87 4.09
Dry Adjusted Conc. (pg TEQ/Rm3)** 1.45 3.17
Wet Reference Conc. (pg TEQ/Rm3)* 1.55 3.41
Emission Rate (ng TEQ/s) 0.028 0.061
* at 25C and 1 atmosphere
** at 25C and 1 atmosphere, adjusted to 11% oxygen by volume
The average dioxin and furan dry adjusted toxicity equivalent concentration, calculated using the
NATO/CCMS (1989) toxicity equivalence factors and the full detection limit (Table 46B in Appendix 1
and Appendix 2) is summarized below. Dioxin and furan toxicity equivalent emission data for the BH
Outlet, calculated using the NATO/CCMS (1989) toxicity equivalence factors and the full detection
limit, is used for comparison with the in‐stack emission limit specified in the ECA.
Dioxin and Furan Isomer Boiler No. 1 Boiler No. 2
Emission Parameter BH Outlet BH Outlet
Dry Adjusted Conc. (pg TEQ/Rm3)* <1.51 <3.24
* at 25C and 1 atmosphere, adjusted to 11% oxygen by volume
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a Kontrol Energy Company
The dioxin and furan dry adjusted TEQ concentration at the BH Outlet of each Boiler was well below
the maximum in‐stack emission limit stated in the ECA of 60 pgTEQ/Rm3, adjusted to 11% oxygen.
7.9.2 Chlorobenzene and Chlorophenol Emission Data
As with dioxins and furans, chlorobenzenes and chlorophenols are groups of compounds that have
different molecular structures and may also have different numbers of chlorine atoms in the basic
molecule. Chlorobenzenes have the structure of the benzene molecule except that between one and
six chlorine atoms are substituted for an equal number of hydrogen atoms in the benzene ring.
Benzene has the molecular formula C6H6. Chlorobenzene congener groups have the molecular
formulae C6H5Cl, C6H4Cl2, C6H3Cl3, C6H2Cl4, C6HCl5 and C6Cl6. Chlorophenols have the structure of the
phenol molecule except that between one and five chlorine atoms are substituted for an equal number
of hydrogen atoms in the benzene ring. Phenol has the molecular formula C6H5OH. Chlorophenol
congener groups have the molecular formulae C6H4ClOH, C6H3Cl2OH, C6H2Cl3OH, C6HCl4OH and
C6Cl5OH.
Chlorobenzene congener and isomer analytical results and emission data are given in Table 51 to Table
59 for the BH Outlet.
Amounts collected were assumed to be equivalent to the detection limit, where the analytical results
were below the detection limit.
The average total chlorobenzene emission data is presented below:
Chlorobenzenes Emission Parameter Boiler No. 1 BH Outlet Boiler No. 2 BH Outlet
Actual Conc. (ng/m3) <404 <585
Dry Reference Conc. (ng/Rm3)* <688 <1001
Dry Adjusted Conc. (ng/Rm3)** <534 <776
Wet Reference Conc. (ng/Rm3)* <570 <834
Emission Rate (µg/s) <10.4 <14.8
* at 25C and 1 atmosphere
** at 25C and 1 atmosphere, adjusted to 11% oxygen by volume
Blank sampling train and laboratory blank analytical results for chlorobenzenes are given in Table 60.
The blank analyses were not subtracted from the test sample analyses during the calculation of
chlorobenzene emission data.
Chlorophenol congener and isomer analytical results and emission data is given in Table 61 to Table 69
for the BH Outlet of each Boiler.
Amounts collected were assumed to be equivalent to the detection limit, where the analytical results
were below the detection limits (<DL).
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DYEC 2019 Compliance Emission Testing for Amended ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX, Report #21960 | Page 45
a Kontrol Energy Company
The average total chlorophenol emission data is presented below:
Chlorophenol Emission Parameter Boiler No. 1 BH Outlet Boiler No. 2 BH Outlet
Actual Conc. (ng/m3) <226 <233
Dry Reference Conc. (ng/Rm3)* <384 <398
Dry Adjusted Conc. (ng/Rm3)** <298 <309
Wet Reference Conc. (ng/Rm3)* <319 <332
Emission Rate (µg/s) <5.82 <5.89
* at 25C and 1 atmosphere
** at 25C and 1 atmosphere, adjusted to 11% oxygen by volume
Blank sampling train and laboratory blank analytical results for chlorophenols are given in Table 70.
The blank analyses were not subtracted from the test sample analyses during the calculation of
chlorophenol emission data.
7.9.3 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Emission Data
The SVOC samples from the BH Outlet sampling location on each Boiler were also analyzed for select
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds.
Analytical results and PAH emission data for the tests performed are provided in Table 71, 72 and Table
73 for Test No. 1, Test No. 2 and Test No. 3, respectively. PAH actual concentrations, dry reference
concentrations, dry adjusted concentrations, wet reference concentrations, and emission rates are
shown in Tables 74 to 78, respectively. A summary of the average emission data is given in Table 79.
The average total PAH emission data is presented below:
Total PAH Emission Parameter Boiler No. 1 BH Outlet Boiler No. 2 BH Outlet
Actual Conc. (ng/m3) <191 <164
Dry Reference Conc. (ng/Rm3)* <325 <280
Dry Adjusted Conc. (ng/Rm3)** <253 <217
Wet Reference Conc. (ng/Rm3)* <270 <233
Emission Rate (µg/s) <4.92 <4.14
* at 25C and 1 atmosphere
** at 25C and 1 atmosphere, adjusted to 11% oxygen by volume
Table 80 summarizes the lab blank and blank train PAH analyses. The blank train sample analyses were
not subtracted from the test train sample analyses for the purposes of emission rate calculations.
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DYEC 2019 Compliance Emission Testing for Amended ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX, Report #21960 | Page 46
a Kontrol Energy Company
7.10 Aldehydes
Acetaldehyde, formaldehyde and acrolein emission data for the tests conducted at the BH Outlet of
each Boiler is presented in Table 81.
Average acetaldehyde, formaldehyde and acrolein emission data for the tests conducted at the BH
Outlet of each Boiler is summarized below:
Acetaldehyde Formaldehyde Acrolein
Aldehydes
Boiler No. 1 Boiler No. 2 Boiler No. 1 Boiler No. 2 Boiler No. 1 Boiler No. 2
Emission Parameter
BH Outlet BH Outlet BH Outlet BH Outlet BH Outlet BH Outlet
Actual Conc. (µg/m3) 101 71.0 <43.0 <35.8 <430 <358
Dry Reference Conc. (µg/Rm3)* 172 121 <73.0 <61.0 <730 <610
Dry Adjusted Conc. (µg/Rm3)** 134 93.8 <56.7 <47.3 <567 <473
Wet Reference Conc. (µg/Rm3)* 143 101 <60.8 <51.0 <608 <510
Emission Rate (mg/s) 2.57 1.80 <1.09 <0.91 <10.9 <9.09
* at 25C and 1 atmosphere
** at 25C and 1 atmosphere, adjusted to 11% oxygen by volume
Acrolein and formaldehyde were not detected in any of the test samples or in the blank samples in
quantities greater than the reported detection limit. Acetaldehyde was detected in both blank
samples in quantities greater than the detection limit and the test samples.
Note the detection limit for acrolein is four times higher than the detection limit from the June 2019
voluntary program. Since the detection limit was used to calculate emission data, the acrolein
concentration and emission rate was also four times higher than previous testing.
7.11 Volatile Organic Emission Data
Three twenty minute runs were completed for each test at the BH Outlet of each Boiler at an
approximate flowrate of one liter per minute for 20 minutes for volatile organic compounds. One
backup pair of tubes was collected for each test and archived in case a sample was lost during the
extraction process by the analytical laboratory.
Volatile organic analysis data for the tests is provided in Table 82, 83 and Table 84 for Test No. 1, Test
No. 2 and Test No. 3, respectively. These tables indicate the total amount of each compound collected
in the combined adsorbent tube samples from each volatile organics sampling train run. Emission data
for the tests performed are provided in Table 85, 86 and 87 for Test No. 1, Test No. 2 and Test No. 3,
respectively. The average test results of volatile organic actual concentrations, dry reference
concentrations, dry adjusted concentrations, wet reference concentrations, and emission rates are
shown in Table 88 to 92, respectively. The average volatile organic emission data is summarized in
Table 93.
For the purpose of determining average and total analytical results for the VOC compounds, any
analyte that was not detected was assigned a value equal to the detection limit for calculation
purposes.
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DYEC 2019 Compliance Emission Testing for Amended ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX, Report #21960 | Page 47
a Kontrol Energy Company
The average total VOC emission data collected from the VOST sampling train is presented below:
VOC Emission Parameter Boiler No. 1 BH Outlet Boiler No. 2 BH Outlet
Actual Conc. (µg/m3) <241 <247
Dry Reference Conc. (µg/Rm3)* <413 <427
Dry Adjusted Conc. (µg/Rm3)** <318 <330
Wet Reference Conc. (µg/Rm3)* <341 <354
Emission Rate (mg/s) <6.23 <6.23
* at 25C and 1 atmosphere
** at 25C and 1 atmosphere, adjusted to 11% oxygen by volume
The average total VOC emission data, including acetaldehyde, formaldehyde and acrolein, per the list
provided in Schedule D of the ECA is presented below:
VOC Emission Parameter Boiler No. 1 BH Outlet Boiler No. 2 BH Outlet
Dry Reference Conc. (µg/Rm3)* <1388 <1219
Dry Adjusted Conc. (µg/Rm3)** <1076 <944
Emission Rate (mg/s) <20.8 <18.0
* at 25C and 1 atmosphere
** at 25C and 1 atmosphere, adjusted to 11% oxygen by volume
Analysis of blank adsorbent tubes is provided in Table 94. The field blank tubes were taken to the test
site and uncapped in order to expose the tubes to the ambient environment at the sampling location.
Test sample analyses were not blank corrected during the calculation of the emission data.
8. DISPERSION MODELLING
The emission data measured during the testing program was used to assess emissions from the main
stack against the point of impingement criteria detailed in Ontario Regulation 419/05 or the applicable
MECP guideline.
Dispersion modelling was completed using the CALPUFF model (using Version 6.263 as requested by
the MECP) by Golder Associates. The dispersion modelling results are detailed in Appendix 27. Golder
Associates can provide the dispersion modelling zip files upon request.
The predicted ground level Point of Impingement (POI) concentrations, calculated based on the
average total emission rate, for each contaminant included in the September 2019 emission testing
program was well below the applicable standard, guideline or upper risk threshold. The contaminant
with the highest predicted concentration relative to the standard was nitrogen oxides (6% of the 1‐
hour standard with meteorological anomaly removal), all other contaminants were less than 5% of the
relevant standard with meteorological anomaly removal.
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DYEC 2019 Compliance Emission Testing for Amended ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX, Report #21960 | Page 48
a Kontrol Energy Company
9. FACILITY PROCESS DATA
Continuous Emission Monitoring (CEM) data was supplied by DYEC personnel for the emission test
program. The 1‐hour CEM System data was provided for the following process parameters at the BH
Outlet sampling locations:
Hydrogen Chloride (mg/Rm3, adjusted to 11% oxygen)
Nitrogen Oxides (mg/Rm3, adjusted to 11% oxygen)
Sulphur Dioxide (mg/Rm3, adjusted to 11% oxygen)
Carbon Monoxide (mg/Rm3, adjusted to 11% oxygen)
Oxygen (% volume, dry)
Total Hydrocarbons (mg/Rm3, adjusted to 11% oxygen)
DYEC provided 1‐hour average concentrations for each clock hour using the 1‐minute combustion gas
data measured by the DYEC CEMs during each isokinetic test day at each Boiler. DYEC CEMS data was
provided from September 9, 2019 at 00:00 to September 13, 2019 at 23:00 for Boiler No. 1 and from
September 9, 2019 at 00:00 to September 12, 2019 at 23:00 for Boiler No. 2. A 24‐hour rolling average
was determined for hydrogen chloride, nitrogen oxides and sulphur dioxide using the 1‐hour average
data for the isokinetic test days at each unit to compare to the in‐stack limits stated in the ECA. A 4‐
hour rolling average was determined for carbon monoxide using the calculated 1‐hour average data for
the isokinetic test days at each unit to compare to the in‐stack limit stated in the ECA.
The combustion gas concentrations, expressed as 1‐hour average concentrations, 4‐hour rolling
average and 24‐hour rolling average where applicable, at the Boiler No. 1 BH Outlet and Boiler No. 2
BH Outlet are provided in Appendix 28.
1‐minute CEM data provided by DYEC was used to calculate the average oxygen, carbon dioxide and
carbon monoxide concentrations for each isokinetic test period. The average oxygen, carbon dioxide
and carbon monoxide concentrations were used to calculate the molecular weight of the gas stream.
The average oxygen concentrations were also used to adjust the dry reference concentration data to
11% oxygen. The 1‐minute data for the isokinetic test periods has been retained by ORTECH and can
be provided upon request.
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The facility process data was also supplied by DYEC personnel for each test day. Hourly process data has been retained by Covanta and can
be provided upon request. The process data is summarized below:
Aux. Fuel Avg. Combustion MSW NOX Reagent
Total Combusted** Zone Temp. Steam Combusted*** Inj. Rate Carbon Inj. Rate Lime Inj. Rate
3
Power (m /d) (C) (tonnes/d) (tonnes/d) (liters/d) (kg/d) (kg/d)
Output* Boiler Boiler Boiler Boiler Boiler Boiler Boiler Boiler Boiler Boiler Boiler Boiler Boiler Boiler
Test Date (MWh/d) No. 1 No. 2 No. 1 No. 2 No. 1 No. 2 No. 1 No. 2 No. 1 No. 2 No. 1 No. 2 No. 1 No. 2
9 Sep 19 368 0 0 1250 1245 801 793 215 211 584 610 125 127 4147 5421
10 Sep 19 369 0 0 1253 1233 800 796 213 207 603 506 125 127 4629 5526
11 Sep 19 369 0 0 **** 1221 **** 797 **** 206 **** 461 **** 126 **** 5010
12 Sep 19 369 0 0 1260 1261 799 791 209 204 615 563 123 127 4155 4742
13 Sep 19 369 0 0 1193 **** 792 **** 203 **** 696 **** 126 **** 4185 ****
Average 369 0 0 1239 1240 798 794 210 207 624 535 125 127 4279 5175
* Gross turbine output
** Auxiliary fuel was not combusted during the conduct of reference test runs to demonstrate ECA compliance.
*** Calculated by crane scales.
**** No testing conducted.
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DYEC 2019 Compliance Emission Testing for Amended ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX, Report #21960 | Page 50
a Kontrol Energy Company
10. CONCLUSIONS
The main conclusions which can be drawn from the present emission testing program are:
During the stack test periods the facility was maintained within the operational parameters defined
by the amended ECA that constitutes normal operation. Testing was conducted at a steam
production rate of greater than 791 tonnes of steam per day for each Boiler. The maximum
continuous rating for the facility is 1614.7 tonnes of steam per day for the two Boilers combined
(33.64 tonnes of steam per hour or 807.4 tonnes per day for each Boiler).
The in‐stack concentrations of the components listed in the ECA were all below the concentration
limits provided in the ECA.
Using CALPUFF dispersion modelling techniques (using Version 6.263 as requested by the MECP),
the predicted maximum point of impingement concentrations, based on the average test results
for both boilers, show DYEC to be operating well below the current standards in Regulation 419/05
(Schedule 3) under the Ontario Environmental Protection Act and other MECP criteria including
guidelines and upper risk thresholds.
Schedule C of ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX lists in‐stack limits for the emissions of various compounds.
Emissions limits are given for particulate matter, mercury, cadmium, lead, dioxins and furans and
organic matter as the results from compliance source testing. Emission limits are also given for
hydrochloric acid, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide calculated as the rolling
arithmetic average of data measured by a CEMS.
The July 2019 relative accuracy and system bias testing was conducted on the Continuous Emission
Monitoring Systems (CEMS) installed at the Quench Inlet and BH Outlet of each Boiler prior to the
compliance testing program. Since the DYEC CEMS met the performance parameters detailed in
Schedule F of the ECA, the data recorded by the DYEC CEMS was used to assess against the in‐stack
emissions limits detailed in Schedule C of the ECA for hydrochloric acid, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen
oxides and carbon monoxide. Note the DYEC CEMS data for the isokinetic test days at each unit was
used to determine the minimum, average and maximum concentrations of the combustion gases listed
in the ECA.
Total hydrocarbon concentration data was measured by ORTECH on September 9, 2019 at the Quench
Inlet and BH Outlet sampling locations. The total hydrocarbon data measured by ORTECH at the
Quench Inlet sample locations was well below the total hydrocarbons (organic matter) in‐stack
emissions limit detailed in Schedule C of the ECA.
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a Kontrol Energy Company
The average results for the tests conducted at Boiler No. 1, along with the respective in‐stack emission
limits, are summarized in the following table:
Parameter Test No. 1 Test No. 2 Test No. 3 Average In‐Stack Limit
Total Power Output (MWh/day)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 369 ‐
Average Combustion Zone Temp. (C)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 1239 ‐
Steam (tonnes/day)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 798 ‐
MSW Combusted (tonnes/day)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 210 ‐
NOX Reagent Injection Rate (liters/day)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 624 ‐
Carbon Injection (kg/day)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 125 ‐
Lime Injection (kg/day)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 4279 ‐
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DYEC 2019 Compliance Emission Testing for Amended ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX, Report #21960 | Page 52
a Kontrol Energy Company
The average results for the tests conducted at Boiler No. 2, along with the respective in‐stack emission
limits, are summarized in the following table:
Parameter Test No. 1 Test No. 2 Test No. 3 Average In‐Stack Limit
Total Power Output (MWh/day)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 369 ‐
Average Combustion Zone Temp. (C)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 1240 ‐
Steam (tonnes/day)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 794 ‐
MSW Combusted (tonnes/day)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 207 ‐
NOX Reagent Injection Rate (liters/day)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 535 ‐
Carbon Injection (kg/day)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 127 ‐
Lime Injection (kg/day)* ‐ ‐ ‐ 5175 ‐
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a Kontrol Energy Company
A summary of the minimum, average and maximum concentrations for the combustion gases
measured by the DYEC CEMS with in‐stack limits listed in the ECA is provided below for the two units.
Boiler No. Parameter Minimum Average Maximum In‐Stack Limit
Carbon Monoxide (mg/Rm3) (1) 7.0 11.2 19.3 40
Hydrogen Chloride (mg/Rm3) (2) 2.7 3.0 3.6 9
Boiler No. 1
Nitrogen Oxides (mg/Rm3) (2) 110 111 112 121
Sulphur Dioxide (mg/Rm3) (2) 0 0 0 35
Carbon Monoxide (mg/Rm3) (1) 7.3 12.1 19.5 40
Hydrogen Chloride (mg/Rm3) (2) 4.6 5.1 5.5 9
Boiler No. 2
Nitrogen Oxides (mg/Rm3) (2) 109 110 111 121
Sulphur Dioxide (mg/Rm3) (2) 0 0.01 0.1 35
(1) 4‐hour average measured by DYEC CEMS, dry at 25C and 1 atmosphere adjusted to 11% oxygen by volume
(2) 24‐hour average measured by DYEC CEMS, dry at 25C and 1 atmosphere adjusted to 11% oxygen by volume
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APPENDIX 1
Boiler No. 1 BH Outlet
Data Tables
(96 pages)
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a Kontrol Energy Company
APPENDIX 2
Boiler No. 2 BH Outlet
Data Tables
(96 pages)
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a Kontrol Energy Company
APPENDIX 3
Pre‐Test Plan Acceptance Letter and
ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX
(89 pages)
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a Kontrol Energy Company
APPENDIX 4
Particulate and Metals Field Data Sheets
(30 pages)
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a Kontrol Energy Company
APPENDIX 5
Particle Size Distribution Field Data Sheets
(12 pages)
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a Kontrol Energy Company
APPENDIX 6
SVOC Data Sheets
(30 pages)
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a Kontrol Energy Company
APPENDIX 7
Acid Gas Field Data Sheets
(14 pages)
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a Kontrol Energy Company
APPENDIX 8
VOST Field Data Sheets
(8 pages)
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a Kontrol Energy Company
APPENDIX 9
Aldehydes Field Data Sheets
(8 pages)
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a Kontrol Energy Company
APPENDIX 10
ORTECH Sample Log/Chain of Custody Forms
(10 pages)
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a Kontrol Energy Company
APPENDIX 11
Particulate and Metals Train Recovery Data Sheets
(8 pages)
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a Kontrol Energy Company
APPENDIX 12
Inorganics Analytical Reports
(28 pages)
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a Kontrol Energy Company
APPENDIX 13
Particle Size Distribution Train Recovery Data Sheets
(8 pages)
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a Kontrol Energy Company
APPENDIX 14
SVOC Train Recovery Data Sheets
(8 pages)
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a Kontrol Energy Company
APPENDIX 15
SVOC Analytical Report
(69 pages)
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a Kontrol Energy Company
APPENDIX 16
Acid Gas Recovery Data Sheets
(8 pages)
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a Kontrol Energy Company
APPENDIX 17
VOST Analytical Report
(6 pages)
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a Kontrol Energy Company
APPENDIX 18
Aldehydes Recovery Data Sheets
(8 pages)
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a Kontrol Energy Company
APPENDIX 19
Aldehydes Analytical Report
(16 pages)
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a Kontrol Energy Company
APPENDIX 20
SVOC and VOST Proof Data
(14 pages)
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APPENDIX 21
ORTECH Equipment Calibration Data
(31 pages)
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a Kontrol Energy Company
APPENDIX 22
Particulate and Metals Test Emission Calculations
(24 pages)
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APPENDIX 23
Particle Size Distribution Test Emission Calculations
(12 pages)
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a Kontrol Energy Company
APPENDIX 24
Acid Gases Test Emission Calculations
(12 pages)
Covanta Durham York Renewable Energy Limited Partnership
DYEC 2019 Compliance Emission Testing for Amended ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX, Report #21960 | APPENDIX 24
a Kontrol Energy Company
APPENDIX 25
SVOC Test Emission Calculations
(18 pages)
Covanta Durham York Renewable Energy Limited Partnership
DYEC 2019 Compliance Emission Testing for Amended ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX, Report #21960 | APPENDIX 25
a Kontrol Energy Company
APPENDIX 26
ORTECH Total Hydrocarbon CEM Data
(4 pages)
Covanta Durham York Renewable Energy Limited Partnership
DYEC 2019 Compliance Emission Testing for Amended ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX, Report #21960 | APPENDIX 26
a Kontrol Energy Company
APPENDIX 27
Dispersion Modelling Results
for the September 2019 Testing Program
(18 pages)
Covanta Durham York Renewable Energy Limited Partnership
DYEC 2019 Compliance Emission Testing for Amended ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX, Report #21960 | APPENDIX 27
TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM
DATE November 18, 2019 Project No. 19123663
TO Amanda Huxter
Covanta Durham York Renewable Energy LP
CC Anthony Ciccone
CALPUFF MODELLING FOR SEPTEMBER 2019 COMPLIANCE SOURCE TESTING AT DURHAM YORK
ENERGY CENTRE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Covanta Durham York Renewable Energy LP (Covanta) operates the Durham York Energy Centre (DYEC) under
the multi-media Environmental Compliance Approval (ECA) 7306-8FDKNX, as amended. The ECA application
was supported with an Emission Summary and Dispersion Modelling (ESDM) Report prepared by Golder
Associates Ltd (Golder) using the CALPUFF dispersion model version 6.263, with results compared to Ministry of
Environment, Conservation and Parks (MECP) Point of Impingement (POI) standards listed in Schedule 3 of
Ontario Regulation (O.Reg.) 419/05 as of 2011.
Condition 7, Testing, Monitoring and Auditing, of the current ECA requires annual source testing be completed at
the DYEC for over 100 differ
ECA, a source testing report is required that includes the following:
8. (7) the results of dispersion calculations in accordance with the O.Reg. 419/05, indicating the maximum
concentration of the test contaminants, at the point of impingement.
8. (8) an updated site wide emission source inventory to assess the aggregate point of impingement
concentrations of the test contaminants.
This memorandum summarizes the modelling results for the September 2019 compliance source testing program
using the same CALPUFF model and other input data sets used in the ESDM Report and Environmental
Assessment, however, the results are compared to O.Reg. 419/05 Schedule 3 limits last updated April 2018.
Golder and the G logo are trademarks of Golder Associates Corporation golder.com
Amanda Huxter Project No. 19123663
Covanta Durham York Renewable Energy LP November 18, 2019
Emission rates for which source testing data was available were converted to grams per second (g/s) and are
provided in an updated Site-wide Emission Inventory included in Appendix A. This emission inventory includes
emissions from silo filling and diesel generator testing taken from the ESDM report, in addition to source test
emissions from the main stack.
In response to clarifications provided by the MECP of December 9, 2016, two different emission rates were
calculated for Total Particulate Matter:
3.0 MODELLING
As part of the ECA application, the MECP approved the use of the CALPUFF modelling software and CALMET
meteorological data to demonstrate compliance with Ontario Regulation 419/05 Schedule 3 standards at the
DYEC. As a result, the same modelling approach has been taken for this update. The following models and pre-
and post-processors were used in the assessment:
These model versions are consistent with those used in the original ESDM report. Dispersion Modelling inputs
are described in the following subsections.
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3.3 Receptors
The receptors used in this assessment are the same as the receptors used in the ESDM Report. They include
gridded ground level receptors to meet the requirements of O.Reg. 419/05 in addition to 400 discrete receptors to
represent locations of interest. They include hospitals, nursing homes, schools, daycares, Senior citizen centres,
the nearest residential receptors, specific watersheds and water bodies and parks.
3.5 Deposition
CALPUFF has the capability to account for wet and dry deposition of substances that would reduce ground level
concentrations at POIs. However, the deposition algorithm has not been implemented for conservatism and to
maintain consistency with the ESDM report and the previous EA for maximum POI predictions.
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In 2016, a number of O.Reg 419/05 standards were updated or modified to include annual average Point of
Impingement (POI) limits. CALPUFF can predict annual average values, therefore the CALPOST input file was
modified to provide this output in addition to outputs for the 1 hour, 24 hour and 30 day averaging periods already
provided.
January 13.70
February 18.50
March 24.22
April 11.09
May 32.29
June 33.63
July 16.32
August 21.33
September 12.63
October 15.39
November 17.10
December 20.91
Chemical transformations were only modelled to calculate additional concentrations of particulate matter that is
created as part of secondary transformations. Reported concentrations of NO 2 and SO2 do not include the effects
of depletion due to chemical transformation. The flag MCHEM is set to 0 for model runs used to produce
concentrations of all other contaminants. This is consistent with the approach used in the ESDM report
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Source ID Stack Height [m] Stack Diameter Flow Rate Exit Velocity Exhaust
[m] [m³/s] [m/s] Temperature
[K]
STCK1 87.6 (No Change) 1.7 (No Change) 51.07 22.50 412.3
(UPDATED) (UPDATED) (UPDATED)
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The ESDM Report includes an additional modelling scenario which include emissions from silo loading and the
standby generator (Scenario H). The predominant contaminants from these sources are particulate from the silo
loading and nitrogen oxides from the generator. These two contaminants were assessed and it was determined
that, since the Main Stack emissions presented in this report are less than those in the ESDM Report, dispersion
modelling would show a decrease in the point of impingement concentration for these two contaminants. As a
result, additional dispersion modelling for Scenario H was not carried out.
The resulting dispersion factors are presented in Table 4 for with and without meteorological anomalies removal:
Table 4: Modelling Dispersion Factors
The average emission rate for each contaminant presented in Appendix A was multiplied by the applicable
dispersion factor above to calculate the maximum point of impingement concentration for emissions from the main
stack. The modelled POI concentrations were compared to the current Schedule 3 standards listed in O.Reg.
419/05 and in the case of PM2.5 and PM10, the MECP AAQC.
The MECP has recently updated the list of standards and guidelines for facilities to assess their emissions
against, namely the Air Contaminants Benchmark (ACB) List, dated April 2018, which includes standards and
guidelines (Benchmark 1) and screening levels (Benchmark 2). The ACB List is required to be used to assess
point of impingement (POI) concentrations of contaminants released into the air.
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Contaminants released by the Facility that do not have Benchmark 1 standards or guidelines in the ACB List are
MECP Where applicable, predicted POI concentrations of
Contaminants with No MECP POI Limits were screened against the Benchmark 2 screening levels in the ACB List
or the de minimus limit.
The modelled concentrations of all compounds assessed were below their relevant MECP standards. The
Emission Summary Table has been updated and is included in Appendix B. It has been modified to include
reference to the new ACB List and to meet the requirements of the updated MECP guidance document
.1, March
2018). Results are presented both with and without meteorological anomaly removal but only the results with
meteorological anomaly removal are presented as a percentage of the relevant limit.
The contaminant with the highest predicted concentration relative to O.Reg. 419/05 standard is Nitrogen Oxides
at 6% of the relevant limit.
Emission Rates Updated to use September 2019 Source Testing Data. List of
contaminants assessed expanded to include all contaminants
for which source testing data was performed.
Receptors No Change
Deposition No Change
Averaging Times and Conversions CALPOST input file was modified to generate annual averaging
to account for new O.Reg. 419/05 standards introduced in 2016
that include annual averaging periods.
Background Air Quality Concentrations Ozone background data used in secondary particulate modelling
consistent with the EA.
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Emission Summary Table Updated to include new O.Reg. 419/05 standards introduced
after the ECA was approved and contaminants that were not
included in the ESDM report but for which source testing data
was available.
6.0 CONCLUSIONS
This assessment was completed to document compliance with Condition 8(7) and 8(8) of Schedule E of the ECA
for the DYEC. The results of this assessment demonstrate that the Facility is operating in compliance with the POI
limits listed in s.20 of O. Reg. 419/05.
7.0 CLOSURE
We trust this memorandum meets your needs at this time. Should you have any questions please contact the
undersigned.
KSA/ADC/ng
9
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APPENDIX A
Appendix A
SiteWide Emission Inventory
Source Parameters Emission Data
Stack Stack
Source Source Stack Exit Gas Stack Inner Stack Emission Percentage of
Volumetric Height Maximum Emission Rate AveragIng Emissions Data
Identifier DescrIption Temperature Diameter Location [x, Contaminant CAS No. Estimating Overall
Flow Rate Above [g/s] Period [hours] QualIty
[°C] [m] y] Technique Emissions [%]
[Am³/s] Grade [m]
Main Stack (680538,
1A 51.07 139 1.7 87.6 90-12-0 1.70E-07 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
Fall 2019 4860346)
Source Testing 1,1,2-Trichloroethane 79-00-5 1.42E-05 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
Conditions 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene 634-66-2 7.66E-08 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
1,2,3-trichlorobenzene 87-61-6 8.14E-08 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
120-82-1 8.42E-07 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
1,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene 95-94-3 1.88E-07 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
1,2-Dichlorobenzene 95-50-1 1.18E-06 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
1,2-Dichloroethane 107-06-2 7.20E-05 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
1,2-Dichloropropane 78-87-5 1.42E-05 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
1,3,5-trichlorobenzene 108-70-3 7.93E-08 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
1,3-Butadiene 106-99-0 2.84E-05 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
1,3-Dichlorobenzene 541-73-1 1.33E-06 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
1,4-Dichlorobenzene 106-46-7 1.21E-06 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
1-Methylphenanthrene 832-69-9 7.66E-08 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
91-57-6 3.13E-07 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
2,3,4,5-tetrachlorophenol 4901-51-3 3.83E-07 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
2,3,4,6-Tetrachlorophenol 58-90-2 3.83E-07 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
2,3,4-trichlorophenol 15950-66-0 3.83E-07 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
2,3,5,6-tetrachlorophenol 935-95-5 3.83E-07 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
2,3,5-trichlorophenol 933-78-8 3.83E-07 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
2,3,6-trichlorophenol 933-75-5 3.83E-07 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
2,3-dichlorophenol 576-24-9 3.83E-07 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
2,4,5-trichlorophenol 95-95-4 3.83E-07 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol 88-06-2 3.83E-07 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
2,4-Dichlorophenol 120-83-2 1.25E-06 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
2,6-dichlorophenol 87-65-0 3.83E-07 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
2-Butanone 78-93-3 8.37E-04 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
2-Chloronaphthalene 91-58-7 7.66E-08 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
2-Methylanthracene 613-12-7 2.64E-07 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
2-monochlorophenol 95-57-8 3.83E-07 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
3,4,5-trichlorophenol 609-19-8 3.83E-07 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
3,4-dichlorophenol 95-77-2 3.83E-07 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
3,5-dichlorophenol 591-35-5 4.71E-06 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
3-Methylcholanthrene 56-49-5 3.83E-07 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
3-monochlorophenol 108-43-0 3.83E-07 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
4-monochlorophenol 106-48-9 3.83E-07 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
7,12-Dimethylbenzo(a)anthracene 57-97-6 7.66E-08 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
9,10-Dimethylanthracene 781-43-1 7.66E-08 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
9-Methylphenanthrene 883-20-5 1.66E-07 1,24, annual ST Above-Average 100%
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APPENDIX B
Appendix B
Emission Summary Table
90120 1.70E07 Calpuff 1.74E07 1.65E07 24hour 35.5 Health Sch. 3 SLJSL B2 Below SLJSL Apr18
120821 8.42E07 Calpuff 8.66E07 8.22E07 24hour 400 Particulate Sch. 3 Guideline B1 <1% Apr18
1,2,4,5Tetrachlorobenzene 95943 1.88E07 Calpuff 1.94E07 1.84E07 24hour 1 Health Sch. 3 SLJSL B2 Below SLJSL Apr18
1,2Dichlorobenzene 95501 1.18E06 Calpuff 2.32E05 6.93E06 1hour 30500 Health Sch. 3 Guideline B1 <1% Apr18
91576 3.13E07 Calpuff 3.22E07 3.05E07 24hour 0.1 De Minimus Below De Minimus Apr18
2,3,4,6Tetrachlorophenol 58902 3.83E07 Calpuff 3.94E07 3.73E07 24hour 0.75 Health SLJSL B2 Below SLJSL Apr18
2,4,6Trichlorophenol 88062 3.83E07 Calpuff 3.94E07 3.73E07 24hour 1.5 Health Sch. 3 SLJSL B2 Below SLJSL Apr18
2,4Dichlorophenol 120832 1.25E06 Calpuff 1.29E06 1.22E06 24hour 33.5 Health Sch. 3 SLJSL B2 Below SLJSL Apr18
3Methylcholanthrene 56495 3.83E07 Calpuff 3.94E07 3.73E07 24hour 0.1 De Minimus Below De Minimus Apr18
7,12Dimethylbenzo(a)anthracene 57976 7.66E08 Calpuff 7.87E08 7.47E08 24hour 0.1 De Minimus Below De Minimus Apr18
Acenaphthene 83329 7.66E08 Calpuff 7.87E08 7.47E08 24hour 0.1 De Minimus Below De Minimus Apr18
Acenaphthylene 208968 7.66E08 Calpuff 7.87E08 7.47E08 24hour 0.1 De Minimus Below De Minimus Apr18
Acetaldehyde 75070 4.37E03 Calpuff 4.49E03 4.26E03 24hour 500 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% Note 2URT Note 4, Table 4 Apr18
Acetaldehyde 75070 4.37E03 Calpuff 4.49E03 4.26E03 24hour 5000 Sch. 6 URT <1%
Acrolein 107028 2.00E02 Calpuff 2.06E02 1.95E02 24hour 0.4 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 5% Note 2URT Note 4, Table 4 Apr18
Acrolein 107028 2.00E02 Calpuff 3.93E01 1.17E01 1hour 4.5 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 3% Note 2URT Note 4, Table 4 Apr18
Acrolein 107028 2.00E02 Calpuff 2.06E02 1.95E02 24hour 4 Health Sch. 6 URT <1% Apr18
Ammonia 7664417 1.91E02 Calpuff 1.96E02 1.86E02 24hour 100 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% URT Note 4, Table 4 Apr18
Ammonia 7664417 1.91E02 Calpuff 1.96E02 1.86E02 24hour 1000 Health Sch. 6 URT <1% Apr18
Anthracene 120127 9.23E08 Calpuff 9.48E08 9.00E08 24hour 0.1 De Minimus Below De Minimus Apr18
Antimony 7440360 2.07E06 Calpuff 2.13E06 2.02E06 24hour 25 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% Apr18
Arsenic 7440382 1.65E06 Calpuff 1.70E06 1.61E06 24hour 0.3 Health Sch. 3 Guideline B1 <1% Apr18
Barium 7440393 6.49E05 Calpuff 6.67E05 6.33E05 24hour 10 Health Sch. 3 Guideline B1 <1% Apr18
Benzene 71432 2.70E04 Calpuff 8.74E06 8.74E06 Annual 0.45 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% Note 19, Table 2, 3 URT Note 4, Table 4 Apr18
Benzene 71432 2.70E04 Calpuff 2.78E04 2.63E04 24hour 100 Health Sch. 6 URT/DAV B1 <1%
Benzene 71432 2.70E04 Calpuff 8.74E06 8.74E06 Annual 4.5 Health AAV <1% Apr18
Benzo(a)anthracene 56553 7.66E08 Calpuff 7.87E08 7.47E08 24hour 0.1 De Minimus Below De Minimus Apr18
Benzo(a)fluorene 238846 7.66E08 Calpuff 7.87E08 7.47E08 24hour 0.1 De Minimus Below De Minimus Apr18
Benzo(a)pyrene 50328 7.66E08 Calpuff 2.48E09 2.48E09 Annual 0.00001 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% Note 7, 19, Table 2, 3URT Note 4, Table 4 Apr18
Benzo(a)pyrene 50328 7.66E08 Calpuff 7.87E08 7.47E08 24hour 0.005 Health Sch. 6 URT <1% Apr18
Benzo(a)pyrene 50328 7.66E08 Calpuff 2.48E09 2.48E09 Annual 0.0001 Health AAV <1% Apr18
Benzo(b)fluoranthene 205992 7.66E08 Calpuff 7.87E08 7.47E08 24hour 0.1 De Minimus Below De Minimus Apr18
Benzo(b)fluorene 243174 7.66E08 Calpuff 7.87E08 7.47E08 24hour 0.1 De Minimus Below De Minimus Apr18
Benzo(e)pyrene 192972 9.75E08 Calpuff 1.00E07 9.51E08 24hour 0.1 De Minimus Below De Minimus Apr18
Benzo(g,h,i)perylene 191242 1.81E07 Calpuff 1.86E07 1.76E07 24hour 0.1 De Minimus Below De Minimus Apr18
Benzo(k)fluoranthene 207089 7.66E08 Calpuff 7.87E08 7.47E08 24hour 0.1 De Minimus Below De Minimus Apr18
Beryllium 7440417 1.65E06 Calpuff 1.70E06 1.61E06 24hour 0.01 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% Apr18
Biphenyl 92513 4.37E07 Calpuff 4.49E07 4.26E07 24hour 175 Health SLJSL B2 Below SLJSL Apr18
Bromodichloromethane 75274 5.12E05 Calpuff 5.26E05 5.00E05 24hour 350 Health SLJSL B2 Below SLJSL Apr18
Bromoform 75252 1.42E05 Calpuff 1.46E05 1.38E05 24hour 55 Health Sch. 3 Guideline B1 <1% Apr18
Bromomethane 74839 1.28E04 Calpuff 1.31E04 1.25E04 24hour 1350 Health Sch. 3 Guideline B1 <1% Apr18
Cadmium 7440439 5.13E06 Calpuff 5.27E06 5.00E06 24hour 0.025 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% URT Note 4, Table 4 Apr18
Cadmium 7440439 5.13E06 Calpuff 5.27E06 5.00E06 24hour 0.25 Health Sch. 6 URT <1% Apr18
Carbon Monoxide 630080 4.43E01 Calpuff 1.04E+01 3.12E+00 1/2hour 6000 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% Note 9 Apr18
Carbon tetrachloride 56235 1.34E04 Calpuff 1.37E04 1.30E04 24hour 2.4 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% URT Note 4, Table 4 Apr18
Carbon tetrachloride 56235 1.34E04 Calpuff 1.37E04 1.30E04 24hour 24 Health Sch. 6 URT <1% Apr18
Chlorobenzene 108-90-7 9.78E05 Calpuff 1.92E03 5.75E04 1hour 3500 Health Sch. 3 Guideline B1 <1% Note 2, 3
Chlorobenzene 108-90-7 9.78E05 Calpuff 3.17E03 9.48E04 10minute 4500 Odour Sch. 3 Guideline B1 <1% Note 2, 3
Chloroform 67663 9.78E05 Calpuff 1.01E04 9.54E05 24hour 1 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% URT Note 4, Table 4 Apr18
Chloroform 67663 9.78E05 Calpuff 1.01E04 9.54E05 24hour 100 Health Sch. 6 URT <1% Apr18
Chromium (hexavalent) 18540299 3.56E05 Calpuff 1.15E06 1.15E06 Annual 0.00014 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% Notes 11, 19, Table 2, 3URT Note 4, Table 4 Apr18
Chromium (hexavalent) 18540299 3.56E05 Calpuff 3.66E05 3.47E05 24hour 0.07 Health Sch. 6 URT <1%
Chrysene 218019 1.40E07 Calpuff 1.44E07 1.36E07 24hour 0.1 De Minimus Below De Minimus Apr18
Cobalt 7440484 2.02E06 Calpuff 2.07E06 1.97E06 24hour 0.1 Health Sch. 3 Guideline B1 <1% Apr18
Copper 7440508 2.66E05 Calpuff 2.74E05 2.60E05 24hour 50 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% Apr18
Dibenzo(a,c)anthracene 215587 7.66E08 Calpuff 7.87E08 7.47E08 24hour 0.1 De Minimus Below De Minimus Apr18
Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene 53703 7.66E08 Calpuff 7.87E08 7.47E08 24hour 0.1 De Minimus Below De Minimus Apr18
Dichlorodifluoromethane 75718 4.78E05 Calpuff 4.92E05 4.66E05 24hour 500000 Health Sch. 3 Guideline B1 <1% Note 10 Apr18
Dichloroethene, 1,1 75343 1.45E05 Calpuff 1.49E05 1.42E05 24hour 165 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% URT Note 4, Table 4 Apr18
Dichloroethene, 1,1 75343 1.45E05 Calpuff 1.49E05 1.42E05 24hour 1650 Health Sch. 6 URT <1% Apr18
Dichloromethane 75092 2.06E03 Calpuff 2.12E03 2.01E03 24hour 220 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% URT Note 4, Table 4 Apr18
Dichloromethane 75092 2.06E03 Calpuff 2.12E03 2.01E03 24hour 22000 Health Sch. 6 URT <1% Apr18
Dioxins, Furans and Dioxin like PCBs N/A 1.06E10 Calpuff 0.00011 pg TEQ/m³ 0.0001 pg TEQ/m³ 24hour 0.1 pg TEQ/m³ Health Sch. 3 Guideline B1 <1% Note 8, 8a, Table 1URT Note 4, Table 4 Apr18
Ethylbenzene 100414 5.42E04 Calpuff 5.57E04 5.29E04 24hour 1000 Not Applicable Sch. 3 Guideline B1 <1% Note 2, 3 Apr18
Ethylbenzene 100414 5.42E04 Calpuff 1.76E02 5.26E03 10minute 1900 Not Applicable Sch. 3 Guideline B1 <1% Note 2, 3 Apr18
Ethylbenzene 100414 5.42E04 Calpuff 5.57E04 5.29E04 24hour 14000 Not Applicable Sch. 6 URT <1% Apr18
Ethylene Dibromide 106934 2.84E05 Calpuff 2.92E05 2.77E05 24hour 3 Health Sch. 3 Guideline B1 <1% Apr18
Fluoranthene 206440 2.74E07 Calpuff 2.82E07 2.67E07 24hour 0.1 De Minimus Below De Minimus Apr18
Fluorides 7664393 3.99E03 Calpuff 4.10E03 3.89E03 24hour 0.86 Vegetation Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% Note 2, 20 Apr18
Fluorides 7664393 3.99E03 Calpuff 4.65E04 4.65E04 30day 0.34 Vegetation Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% Note 2, 20 Apr18
Fluorides 7664393 3.99E03 Calpuff 4.10E03 3.89E03 24hour 1.74 Vegetation Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% Note 2, 20 Apr18
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Appendix B
Emission Summary Table
Fluorides 7664393 3.99E03 Calpuff 4.65E04 4.65E04 30day 0.69 Vegetation Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% Note 2, 20 Apr18
Fluorides 7664393 3.99E03 Calpuff 4.10E03 3.89E03 24hour 3.44 Vegetation Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% Note 2, 20 Apr18
Fluorides 7664393 3.99E03 Calpuff 4.65E04 4.65E04 30day 1.38 Vegetation Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% Note 2, 20 Apr18
Fluorine 86737 2.42E07 Calpuff 2.49E07 2.36E07 24hour 0.1 De Minimus Below De Minimus Apr18
Formaldehyde 50000 2.00E03 Calpuff 2.06E03 1.95E03 24hour 65 Odour & Irritation Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% Apr18
Hexachlorobenzene 118741 7.66E08 Calpuff 7.87E08 7.47E08 24hour 0.011 Health Sch. 3 SLJSL B2 Below SLJSL Apr18
Hydrogen Chloride 7647010 1.81E01 Calpuff 1.86E01 1.76E01 24hour 20 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% URT Note 4, Table 4 Apr18
Hydrogen Chloride 7647010 1.81E01 Calpuff 1.86E01 1.76E01 24hour 200 Health Sch. 6 URT <1% Apr18
193395 7.66E08 Calpuff 7.87E08 7.47E08 24hour 0.1 De Minimus Below De Minimus Apr18
Lead 7439921 2.21E05 Calpuff 2.27E05 2.15E05 24hour 0.5 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% Note 2URT Note 4, Table 4 Apr18
Lead 7439921 2.21E05 Calpuff 2.57E06 2.57E06 30day 0.2 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% Note 2URT Note 4, Table 4 Apr18
Lead 7439921 2.21E05 Calpuff 2.27E05 2.15E05 24hour 2 Health Sch. 6 URT <1% Note 2URT Note 4, Table 4 Apr18
Mercury 7439976 7.71E06 Calpuff 7.92E06 7.52E06 24hour 2 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% Apr18
Molybdenum 7439987 7.65E05 Calpuff 7.86E05 7.46E05 24hour 120 Particulate Sch. 3 Guideline B1 <1% Apr18
Naphthalene 91203 1.42E06 Calpuff 1.46E06 1.38E06 24hour 22.5 Odour Sch. 3 Guideline B1 <1% Note 2, 3 Apr18
Naphthalene 91203 1.42E06 Calpuff 4.60E05 1.37E05 10minute 50 Odour Sch. 3 Guideline B1 <1% Note 2, 3 Apr18
Nickel 7440020 3.80E05 Calpuff 1.23E06 1.23E06 Annual 0.04 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% Note 19, Table 2, 3URT Note 4, Table 4 Apr18
Nickel 7440020 3.80E05 Calpuff 3.90E05 3.70E05 24hour 2 Health Sch. 6 URT <1% Apr18
Nickel 7440020 3.80E05 Calpuff 1.23E06 1.23E06 Annual 0.4 Health AAV <1% Apr18
Nitrogen Oxides 10102440 4.26E+00 Calpuff 4.37E+00 4.15E+00 24hour 200 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 2% Notes 2, 17 Apr18
Nitrogen Oxides 10102440 4.26E+00 Calpuff 8.37E+01 2.50E+01 1hour 400 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 6% Notes 2, 17 Apr18
Oterphenyl 84151 7.66E08 Calpuff 7.87E08 7.47E08 24hour 0.1 De Minimus Below De Minimus
PM10 (Condensable and Filterable) N/A 9.01E02 Calpuff 3.40E01 3.35E01 24hour 50 AAQC <1%
PM10 (Filterable Only) N/A 7.73E03 Calpuff 7.95E03 2.55E01 24hour 50 AAQC <1%
PM2.5 (Condensable and Filterable) N/A 8.73E02 Calpuff 8.98E02 3.32E01 24hour 30 AAQC 1%
PM2.5 (Filterable Only) N/A 4.89E03 Calpuff 5.03E03 2.52E01 24hour 30 AAQC <1%
Pentachlorobenzene 608935 7.66E08 Calpuff 7.87E08 7.47E08 24hour 80 Health Sch. 3 SLJSL B2 Below SLJSL Apr18
Pentachlorophenol 87865 3.83E07 Calpuff 3.94E07 3.73E07 24hour 20 Health Sch. 3 Guideline B1 <1% Apr18
Perylene 198550 7.66E08 Calpuff 7.87E08 7.47E08 24hour 0.1 De Minimus Below De Minimus Apr18
Phenanthrene 85018 1.39E06 Calpuff 1.43E06 1.36E06 24hour 0.1 De Minimus Below De Minimus Apr18
Pyrene 129000 2.98E07 Calpuff 3.07E07 2.91E07 24hour 0.1 De Minimus Below De Minimus Apr18
Selenium 7782492 8.26E06 Calpuff 8.49E06 8.05E06 24hour 10 Health Sch. 3 Guideline B1 <1% Apr18
Silver 7440224 1.65E06 Calpuff 1.70E06 1.61E06 24hour 1 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% Apr18
Sulphur Dioxide 7446095 3.80E04 Calpuff 3.91E04 3.71E04 24hour 275 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% Effective until July 1, 2023Note 2URT Note 4, Table 4 Apr18
Sulphur Dioxide 7446095 3.80E04 Calpuff 7.47E03 2.23E03 1hour 690 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% Effective until July 1, 2023Note 2URT Note 4, Table 4 Apr18
Tetrachloroethene 127184 1.56E05 Calpuff 1.61E05 1.52E05 24hour 360 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% URT Note 4, Table 4 Apr18
Tetrachloroethene 127184 1.56E05 Calpuff 1.61E05 1.52E05 24hour 3600 Health Sch. 6 URT <1%
Tetralin 119642 6.69E07 Calpuff 6.87E07 6.52E07 24hour 151.5 Health Sch. 3 SLJSL B2 Below SLJSL Apr18
Thallium 7440280 1.65E06 Calpuff 1.70E06 1.61E06 24hour 0.5 Health Sch. 3 SLJSL B2 Below SLJSL Apr18
Toluene 108883 1.61E03 Calpuff 1.65E03 1.57E03 24hour 2000 Not Applicable Sch. 3 Guideline B1 <1% To be updated Note 5 Apr18
Total Chromium (and compounds) 7440473 3.56E05 Calpuff 3.66E05 3.47E05 24hour 0.5 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% Note 11aURT Note 4, Table 4 Apr18
Total Chromium (and compounds) 7440473 3.56E05 Calpuff 3.66E05 3.47E05 24hour 5 Health Sch. 6 URT <1% Apr18
Total Particulate Matter (Condensable and Filterable) N/A 1.05E01 Calpuff 3.55E01 3.50E01 24hour 120 Particulate Sch. 3 Guideline B1 <1% Apr18
Total Particulate Matter (Filterable only) N/A 2.27E02 Calpuff 2.71E01 2.69E01 24hour 120 Particulate Sch. 3 Guideline B1 <1% Apr18
Trichloroethane, 1,1,1 71556 1.47E05 Calpuff 1.51E05 1.43E05 24hour 115000 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% Apr18
Trichloroethene 86420 1.42E05 Calpuff 1.46E05 1.38E05 24hour 0.1 De Minimus Below De Minimus Apr18
Trichloroethylene, 1,1,2 79016 1.56E05 Calpuff 1.61E05 1.52E05 24hour 12 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% URT Note 4, Table 4 Apr18
Trichloroethylene, 1,1,2 79016 1.56E05 Calpuff 1.61E05 1.52E05 24hour 1200 Health Sch. 6 URT <1% Apr18
Trichlorofluoromethane 75694 2.84E05 Calpuff 2.92E05 2.77E05 24hour 6000 Health Sch. 3 Guideline B1 <1% Note 10 Apr18
Vanadium 7440622 8.26E07 Calpuff 8.49E07 8.05E07 24hour 2 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% Apr18
Vinyl chloride 75014 2.84E05 Calpuff 2.92E05 2.77E05 24hour 1 Health Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% URT Note 4, Table 4 Apr18
Vinyl chloride 75014 2.84E05 Calpuff 2.92E05 2.77E05 24hour 100 Health Sch. 6 URT <1% Apr18
Xylenes, m, p and o 1330207 3.13E03 Calpuff 3.21E03 3.05E03 24hour 730 Not Applicable Sch. 3 Guideline B1 <1% Note 2, 3, 22 Apr18
Xylenes, m, p and o 1330207 3.13E03 Calpuff 1.01E01 3.03E02 10minute 3000 Not Applicable Sch. 3 Guideline B1 <1% Note 2, 3, 22 Apr18
Xylenes, m, p and o 1330207 3.13E03 Calpuff 3.21E03 3.05E03 24hour 7300 Not Applicable Sch. 6 URT <1% Apr18
Zinc 7440666 2.45E04 Calpuff 2.51E04 2.39E04 24hour 120 Particulate Sch. 3 Standard B1 <1% Apr18
https://golderassociates.sharepoint.com/sites/109752/Project Files/5 Technical Work/Fall 2019 - modelling/19123663 Covanta CALPUFF Update Fall2019 Made by: SC
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APPENDIX 28
DYEC CEMS 1‐Hour Average Data
(4 pages)
Covanta Durham York Renewable Energy Limited Partnership
DYEC 2019 Compliance Emission Testing for Amended ECA No. 7306‐8FDKNX, Report #21960 | APPENDIX 28