Revised: 11/2020

COURSE STRUCTURE

Name of Course: GENERAL CHEMISTRY I, LAB

Course Code: CHM151
Credit Hours: 4
Prerequisite/co-requisite: Credit in Chemistry at SPM level, or Grade C minimum in CHM141
College Chemistry, Lab

Summary: This course, the first of a two-semester sequence of general chemistry, presents the
fundamental principles and concepts of physical chemistry. The topics covered are stoichiometry,
atomic structure, electron configuration and periodicity, chemical bonding and molecular geometry,
behavior of gases, thermochemistry, electrochemistry, chemical kinetics, colligative properties of
solutions, acid-base reactions, redox reactions, and chemical equilibrium (gaseous reactions, acid-
base, and solubility equilibria). Laboratory work is required, demonstrating some of the principles
covered in the lectures.

Course Learning Outcomes:

At the end of the course the students will be able to:
CLO1: Solve problems related to fundamental concepts related to the electronic structures,
molecular geometry and ionic and covalent bonding of atoms and molecules (C3, PLO1).
CLO2: Apply critical thinking skills to solve problems related to chemical equations, gaseous,
thermochemistry, solutions, rates of reactions, chemical equilibrium, acids and bases, solubility
and electrochemistry (C3, PLO2).
CLO3: Construct scientific experiments and interpret the data obtained (P3, PLO3).

Course Format:
Total Student Learning Time (SLT) (L = Lecture; T = Tutorial; P = Practical; EL = E-Learning) :
Learning Hours Total Student Learning Time
Independent Learning (hr)
L T P EL (hr)
28 14 20 14 84 160

Teaching and Delivery Methods/ Teaching Methodology:

Lectures, Tutorial and Laboratory work, delivered in a combination of blended & independent
learning

E-Learning provided by INTI makes learning more accessible and convenient for the students. The
blended model utilized by INTI is the integration of E-learning via INTI’s Learning Management
System and the conventional lecturer-led classroom activities. INTI students are required to access
to the online learning materials (additional notes, reading materials, online assessments, discussion
forums and etc.), so as to acquire a complete learning process. This also promotes self-directed
learning in encouraging INTI students to be independent learners
Revised: 11/2020

Class Syllabus:
Lecture(s) Course Content Outline CLO
1&2 Chemistry and Measurement 1
Law of Conservation of Mass. Matter: physical state and chemical
constitution. SI Units. Derived units.
Atoms, Molecules, and Ions 1,3
Atomic theory of matter. The structure of the atom. Nuclear structure;
isotopes. Atomic masses. Periodic table of the elements. Chemical
formulas; molecular and ionic substances. Writing chemical equations.
Balancing chemical equations.

3&4 Calculations with Chemical Formulas and Equations 2,3

Molecular mass and formula mass. The mole concept. Mass percentages
from the formula. Elemental analysis. Determining formulas. Molar
interpretation of a chemical equation. Amounts of substances in a
chemical reaction. Limiting reactant; theoretical and percentage yields.

5-8 Chemical Reactions 2,3

Oxidation-reduction reactions. Balancing simple oxidation-reduction
reactions. Molar concentration. Diluting solutions. Gravimetric analysis.
Volumetric analysis.
The Gaseous State 3
Gas pressure and its measurement. Empirical gas laws. The ideal gas
law. Stoichiometric problems involving gas volumes. Gas mixtures; law of
partial pressures. Kinetic theory of an ideal gas. Diffusion and effusion.
Real gases.
9 & 10 Thermochemistry 2,3
Energy and its units. Heat of reaction; enthalpy of reaction.
Thermochemical equations. Applying stoichiometry to heats of reaction.
Measuring heats of reaction. Hess's law. Standard enthalpies of formation.

11 & 12 Quantum Theory of the Atom 1

The wave nature of light. Quantum effects and photons. The Bohr theory
of the hydrogen atom. Quantum mechanics. Quantum numbers and
atomic orbitals.
Electron Configurations and Periodicity 1
Electron spin and the Pauli exclusion principle. Building-up principle and
the periodic table. Writing electron configurations using the periodic table.
Orbital diagrams of atoms; Hund's rule. Some periodic properties.

13 & 14 Ionic and Covalent Bonding 1

Describing ionic bonds. Electron configurations of ions. Ionic radii.
Describing covalent bonds. Polar covalent bonds; electronegativity.
Writing Lewis electron-dot formulas. Delocalized bonding: resonance.
Exceptions to the octet rule. Bond length and bond order. Bond enthalpy.
Molecular Geometry
Valence-shell electron-pair repulsion model. Dipole moment and 1
molecular geometry.
Revised: 11/2020

15 – 18 Solutions 2,3
Ways of expressing concentration. Vapor pressure of a solution. Boiling-
point elevation and freezing-point depression. Colligative properties of
ionic solutions.
Rates of Reaction 2,3
Definition of reaction rate. Dependence of rate on concentration. Change
of concentration with time.

19 & 20 Chemical Equilibrium 2,3

Chemical equilibrium – a dynamic equilibrium. The equilibrium constant.
Heterogeneous equilibria. Qualitatively interpreting the equilibrium
constant. Predicting the direction of reaction. Calculating equilibrium
concentrations. Removing products or adding reactants. Changing the
pressure and temperature. Effect of a catalyst.

Lecture(s) Course Content Outline CLO

21 – 26 Acids and Bases 2
Arrhenius concept of acids and bases. Brønsted-Lowry concept of acids
and bases. Lewis concept of acids and bases. Relative strengths of acids
and bases. Molecular structure and acid strength. Autoionization of
water. Solutions of a strong acid or base. The pH of a solution.
Acid-Base Equilibria
Acid-ionization equilibria. Base-ionization equilibria. Acid-base properties 2,3
of salt solutions. Common-ion effect. Buffers. Acid-base titration curves.
Solubility Equilibria
The solubility product constant.
2
27 & 28 Electrochemistry 2,3
Balancing oxidation-reduction reactions in acidic and basic solutions.
Construction of voltaic cells. Notation for voltaic cells. Cell potential.
Standard cell potentials and standard electrode potentials. Dependence
of cell potential on concentration. Electrolysis of molten salts. Aqueous
electrolysis. Stoichiometry of electrolysis.

LABORATORY WORK:
1. Determination of Ascorbic Acid Content In Vitamin C Tablets
2. Absorption Spectrum Of Cobalt(II) Chloride
3. Periodic Table And Periodic Law
4. Thermochemistry And Hess's Law
5. Determination Of Molar Mass From Freezing-Point Depression
6. Reaction Kinetics - Factors Affecting Reaction Rates And Rate Law Determination
7. Le Chatelier's Principle
8. Acid-Base Titration
9. Galvanic Cells And The Nernst Equation
10. Electrolytic Cells And Avogadro's Number
Revised: 11/2020

Student Evaluation:
Continuous Assessment Percentage CLO
(%)
1 Quiz 25 1,2
2 Assignment 15 2
3 Midterm (Chap 1-9) 20 1,2
4 Lab Assessment 10 3
Final Assessment Percentage CLO
(%)
Final Exam (Chap 10, 12-17 and 19) 30 1,2

Total 100%

Final exam format:

Duration: 2 hours
The students will be required to:
Answer FOUR questions (100 marks)

Grading Scale:
A+ (96% – 100%), A (90% – 95%), A- (86% – 89%), B+ (82% – 85%), B (78% – 81%), B- (74% –
77%), C+ (70% – 73%), C (65% – 69%), C- (60% – 64%), D+ (55% – 59%), D (50% – 54%), F
(Below 50%)

IMPORTANT NOTE:
Final Examination is compulsory. Missed Final Exam will result in F grade.

Additional Information: NIL

Main Reference(s) Supporting Course:

Ebbing, DD & Gammon, SD. General Chemistry. 11th ed., Cengage, 2017.

Additional References:
1. Brady, JE, Jespersen, ND & Hyslop, A. Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter. 7th ed.,
Wiley, 2017.
2. Brown, TE, LeMay, HE Jr, Bursten, BE, Murphy, C & Woodward, P. Chemistry: The Central
Science. 14th ed., Prentice Hall, 2017.
3. Kotz, JC, Treichel, PM, Townsend, JR & David, T. Chemistry and Chemical Reactivity. 10th
ed., Cengage, 2019.McMurry, JE & Fay, RC. Chemistry. 8th ed., Prentice Hall, 2019.
4. McMurry, JE & Fay, RC. Chemistry. 8th ed., Prentice Hall, 2019.
5. Masterton, WL, Hurley, CN & Neth, E. Chemistry: Principles and Reactions. 8th ed., Cengage,
2015.