Measures of Central Tendencies (Ungrouped Data) Arrange the data in ascending or descending

Math Notes order: 17, 18, 18, 19, 20, 21, 21, 22, 23
1. Mean: commonly used measure of central tendency, ̃ = 𝟐𝟎
𝒙
it is the sum of all items or terms divided by total The median is the fifth observation which is 20.
number of items or terms. Here, we can tell that there are 4 students younger
𝑥̅ =
∑𝑥 than 20 and 4 students older than 20.
𝑁
Where:
Example 5: Eight books were randomly selected and
𝑥̅ = mean
the number of pages were recorded as follows: 415,
∑ 𝑥 = 𝑠𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 398, 402, 400, 420, 415, 407, 425. Find the median.
N = total number of scores
Arrange the data in ascending or descending
Example 1: Ten students got the following grades order: 398, 400, 402, 407, 415, 415, 420, 425
𝟒𝟎𝟕+ 𝟒𝟏𝟓
in Mathematics: 83, 70, 95, 90, 88, 96, 90, 90, 75, ̃=
𝒙 = 411
𝟐
and 85.
4. Mode: the value that occurs most often in the
Grades: : 83, 70, 95, 90, 88, 96, 90, 90, 75, 85
N = 10
data set. The number or value or observation in
∑𝑥 a data set that appears the most number of
𝑥̅ = 𝑁 times.
83+70+95+90+88+96+90+90+75+85
= 10
= Example 6: Find the mode of the given data set:
Example 2: The ages of 5 Contestants in a Statistics 15, 28, 25, 48, 22, 43, 39, 44, 43, 49, 34, 22, 33,
Quiz Bee are the following: 18, 17, 18, 19, 18. Find 27, 25, 22, and 30.
their average age.
Arrange the data in ascending or descending
order:
15, 22, 22, 22, 25, 25, 27, 28, 30, 33, 34, 39, 43, 43,
44, 48, 49
In the given data, the number that appeared most
2. Weighted Mean: the weighted mean of the n number of times is 22. The data is said to be
numbers x1 , x2 , x3, … , xn with the respective unimodal.
assigned weights w1 , w2 , w3 , …, wn is:
∑(𝑥 ∙ 𝑤)
𝑥̅ = Example 7: The speed of 10 stenographers in typing
∑𝑤 per minute are as follows: 121, 110, 120, 119, 112,
Where: 121, 118, 115, 107, 115
∑(𝑥 ∙ 𝑤) = sum of the products formed by
multiplying each number by its assigned weight Arrange the data in ascending or descending
∑ 𝑤 = sum of all weights
order:
107, 110, 112, 115, 115, 118, 119, 120, 121, 121
Example 3: Jo-ann wants to determine the average
grade of Angeline in Filipino, Mathematics
English, PE and Science which received a The data set is said to be bimodal since it has
corresponding grade of 88, 95, 98, and 86 with two modes.
weights of 1.3, 1.9, 1.5, 1.1, and 1.6, respectively.
What is Angeline’s average grade? Example 8: Find the mode of the given data: 2, 5, 8,
Grades: 88, 95, 98, 86 9, 11, 4, 7, 23
Weights: 1.3, 1.9, 1.5, 1.1, 1.6
𝑥̅ =
∑(𝑥∙𝑤)
=
88(1.3)+95(1.9)+98(1.1)+86(1.6)
= Solve the following problems: (1 whole)
∑𝑤 1.3+1.9+1.5+1.1+1.6
1. The grades of 20 high school students in
3. Median: the midpoint of the data array. Before Mathematics are 75, 78, 79, 80, 83, 84, 85, 86,
finding this value, the data must be arranged in 87, 88, 89, 90, 90, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 94, 95.
order, from least to greatest or vice versa. The Find the mean, median and mode.
median will either be a specific value or will fall
between two values. 2. The mean of a set of 40 numbers is 25. Find
If N = odd, 𝒙̃ = 𝒙𝟏 , 𝒙𝟐 , 𝒙𝟑 , 𝒙𝟒 , 𝒙 𝟓 the sum of 40 numbers.
If N = even, 𝒙̃ = 𝒙𝟏 , 𝒙𝟐 , 𝒙𝟑 , 𝒙𝟒 , 𝒙𝟓 , 𝒙 𝟔
𝒙𝟑 + 𝒙 𝟒
̃=
𝒙 3. The average IQ of 10 students in a
𝟐
Example 4: There are nine students in a classroom
Mathematics subject is 114. If the IQ of 9 other
with ages 18, 19, 21, 21, 18, 20, 17, 22, and 23. students are 101, 125, 118, 128, 106, 115, 100,
Determine the median. 118, 108, what must be the other IQ result?