2 ‘API RECOMMENDED PRACTCE 1110 9) The need for use of biocides to treat the line segment that comes in contact with the test medium, if required. h) Fillrate and pressure of the test medium into the test segment. ') The anticipated temperature of the test medium, atmosphere, ground, and test medium stabilization period, ) The anticipated qualty of the test medium including determination of the need for fiters and a time frame for the settling of solids. k) Sampling procedure to ensure (and to document) test medium quality before the test section is filled, while the test section is being filled, and before a failure or ultimate disposal occurs. The need for storage of used test medium prior to disposal, if required. Im) State and local codes should be reviewed to determine if there ate regulatory permits and/or requirements for disposal of the test medium. 1) Disposal location and method, for test medium. 0) Procedures and materials used for assisting in leak detection and locating, such as dyes or detectable gases, if required 4.22. Special Considerations for Test Mediums Other Than Water A pressure test should be conducted with water; however, liquid petroleum having a Reid vapor pressure of less than 7 pounds per square inch absolute (psia) may be used as the test medium if all of the following conditions are met. a) The pipeline or piping segment to be tested is not part of an offshore pipeline or offshore piping facility b) The pipeline or piping segment to be tested is not located where a release could adversely impact any environmentally sensitive areas. ©) The pipeline or piping segment to be tested (rated for operation above 275 psig) is outside of cities and/or other highly populated areas. ) Every building located outside of the operators’ piping facility, but within 300 ft (92 m) of the pipeline or piping ‘segment to be tested, is unoccupied while the test pressure is greater than or equal to a pressure that produces a hoop stress of 50 % of the SMYS. 2) The pipeline or piping segment to be tested is kept under surveillance by pipeline personnel equipped with portable radios or similar equipment to provide continuous communication with the person in charge, ) Suitable contingency response equipment and personnel for spill cleanup are strategically placed near the pipeline or piping segment to be tested 9) Test procedures meet all applicable local, state, or federal government regulations. 4.3 Pressure Test Equipment and Materials Equipment for a pressure test should be carefully selected and be in working order. The measurement equipment should be appropriate for the pressures expected during the pressure test. The following equipment may be required for a pressure test a) A high-volume pump and associated piping to fil the line that provides adequate pressure to overcome static head, maintains sufficient velocity to move displacersipigs and any debris in the pipeline, and ensures turbulentRECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR THE PRESSURE TESTING OF STEEL PIPELINES FOR THE TRANSFORTATON OF GAS, ‘PETROLEUM Gn®, HAZARDOUS LBUIDS, HHLY VOLATLE LIQUIDS, OR CAREON DIOVIDE, 2 flow in the pipeline in order to minimize the interface between the test medium and any hazardous liquids in the Pipeline b) A test medium supply line fiter that ensures a clean test medium. ©) An injection pump that introduces corrosion inhibitors, leak detection dyes or gases, or other chemicals into the test segment if their use is desired d) A meter for measuring line fll or a comparable means of measuring it ©) A variable speed, positive displacement pump that pressurizes the line to a suitable or appropriate level that meets or exceeds the specified test pressure. The pump should have a known volume per stroke and should be equipped with a stroke counter. (A constant-speed pump with a variable flow rate control may be used in lieu of the above ifthe liquid test medium injected into the pipeline is measured during pressurization.) f) The equipment used for volume measurement during pressurization should have an accuracy better than 1% of the volume added with a sensitivity of 0.1 % of the calculated volume of the liquid added after line filing to produce the required test pressure in the test section 9) A relief valve may be required to prevent overpressure of the test segment while the line is being filed with the test ‘medium, during pressurization and during the test. hy A portable tank or transport into which excess test medium can be discharged and from which makeup volumes can be drawn, i) A pressure sensing and display device that has the pressure range and increment divisions necessary to indicate anticipated test pressures. J) A deadweight tester or an equivalent pressure sensing device that is capable of measuring in increments of less ‘than or equal to one (1) psig (6.7 kPa). The device should have a certificate of calibration that is not more than one year old at the start of testing ky A continuous-recording pressure measurement device (such as a chart recorder) that provides a permanent record of pressure versus time. This device should be calibrated immediately before each use with the deadweight tester. 1) A test medium temperature sensing and display instrument that is properly calibrated to a range suitable for anticipated test temperatures. Temperature instrument accuracy should be within 1 °F of actual temperature. ‘Temperature instrument sensttvity should be within 0.1 *F. m) A continuous-recording temperature measurement device that provides a permanent record of test medium ‘temperature versus time. This device should be calibrated immediately before each use with a certified thermometer. n) An ambient temperature sensing and display instrument that is properly calibrated to a range suitable for anticipated ambient temperatures, ©) A continuousrecording temperature measurement device that provides a permanent record of ambient ‘temperature versus time, P) Facilities that protect all instrumentation from weather extremes. @) Electronic pressure/temperature monitoring and recording systems that assist in the analysis of test data. Such ‘systems can be used in lieu of the components listed above provided that the individual pressure sensors included4 ‘API RECOMMENDED PRACTCE 1110 in the systems have a level of sensitivity and can be field calibrated in a manner similar to those instruments listed above. 1) Pigs, scrapers, spheres, and similar devices that clean the test segment and facilitate the removal of air, hazardous liquids, or gas from the line during filing operations and similar suitable devices for test medium remov aldisplacement 9) Temporary manifolds and connections, as needed. t) Equipment, materials, and fluids that are needed to introduce and displace the test medium from the test ‘segments. U) Communication equipment that is adequate for coordinating test activities, v) Equipment that isolates line segments for leak determination and facilitates repair. w) Replacement pipe, valves, gaskets, etc. that can be used to replace those that may fall during pressure test. x) Test medium sampling equipment y) Vacuum truck to recover test medium spils from ruptures or leaks (if environmental permit limits are exceeded), 2) Test medium disposal fitration equipment aa) Excavation equipment to expose failure sites. ab) Appropriate placards for vacuum trucks and frac tanks used to store test medium or product. ac) Information or product data sheets for all chemicals used or collected during the test aad) Gas/oxygen detecting equipment ae)Grounding straps for static electricity. af) Test medium containment material (spill boom, absorbent pads, drip pans, etc.) ag)Air patrol of pipeline test segment to help locate possible failure locations. ah)Pig tracking equipment to track pigs used for gas, product, or test medium displacement, ai) Tie-downs for all temporary hoses and piping. Caution freeze plugs are used to isolate line segments, special handling techniques should be used to ensure personnel safety. Consideration should be given to nondestructive examination for flaws, toughness, and the ductile-to-brittle transition temperature when selecting the joint for the freeze. 4.4 Location and Use of Test Measuring Equipment Volume changes in the test section are sensitive to the effects of temperature. As temperature rises or falls, corresponding pressure and volumes changes will occur. This relationship requires that the measurement of pressure and temperature be precise and representative of the test section Test pressures can be measured and determined for the test section with a high degree of certainty. The use of appropriate instrumentation at muttiple measuring points or an elevation profile in conjunction with a measurement