The CENTRE for EDUCATION

in MATHEMATICS and COMPUTING

cemc.uwaterloo.ca

Fermat Contest
(Grade 11)
Wednesday, February 22, 2023
(in North America and South America)
Thursday, February 23, 2023
(outside of North America and South America)

Time: 60 minutes ©2022 University of Waterloo

Calculating devices are allowed, provided that they do not have any of the following
features: (i) internet access, (ii) the ability to communicate with other devices,
(iii) information previously stored by students (such as formulas, programs, notes,
etc.), (iv) a computer algebra system, (v) dynamic geometry software.
Instructions
1. Do not open the Contest booklet until you are told to do so.
2. You may use rulers, compasses and paper for rough work.
3. Be sure that you understand the coding system for your response form. If you are not sure,
ask your teacher to clarify it. All coding must be done with a pencil, preferably HB. Fill in
circles completely.
4. On your response form, print your school name and city/town in the box in the upper right
corner.
5. Be certain that you code your name, age, grade, and the Contest you are writing
in the response form. Only those who do so can be counted as eligible students.
6. Part A and Part B of this contest are multiple choice. Each of the questions in these parts
is followed by five possible answers marked A, B, C, D, and E. Only one of these is correct.
After making your choice, fill in the appropriate circle on the response form.
7. The correct answer to each question in Part C is an integer from 0 to 99, inclusive. After
deciding on your answer, fill in the appropriate two circles on the response form. A one-digit
answer (such as “7”) must be coded with a leading zero (“07”).
8. Scoring: Each correct answer is worth 5 in Part A, 6 in Part B, and 8 in Part C.
There is no penalty for an incorrect answer.
Each unanswered question is worth 2, to a maximum of 10 unanswered questions.
9. Diagrams are not drawn to scale. They are intended as aids only.
10. When your supervisor tells you to begin, you will have 60 minutes of working time.
11. You may not write more than one of the Pascal, Cayley and Fermat Contests in any given
year.

Do not discuss the problems or solutions from this contest online for the next 48 hours.

The name, grade, school and location, and score range of some top-scoring students will be
published on our website, cemc.uwaterloo.ca. In addition, the name, grade, school and location,
and score of some top-scoring students may be shared with other mathematical organizations
for other recognition opportunities.
 Scoring: There is no penalty for an incorrect answer.
Each unanswered question is worth 2, to a maximum of 10 unanswered questions.

Part A: Each correct answer is worth 5.

1. The value of 0.3 + 0.03 is

(A) 0.303 (B) 0.6 (C) 3.3 (D) 0.33 (E) 0.06

2. If 3 + x = 5 and −3 + y = 5, then x + y equals

(A) 4 (B) 16 (C) 6 (D) 12 (E) 10

3. When x = 2, the expression 2x2 + 3x2 equals

(A) 14 (B) 10 (C) 12 (D) 22 (E) 20

4. The number of minutes in a week is closest to

(A) 100 (B) 1000 (C) 10 000 (D) 100 000 (E) 1 000 000

5. Ava’s machine takes four-digit positive integers as input. When the four-digit integer
ABCD is input, the machine outputs the integer A × B + C × D. For example, when
the input is 1234, the output is 1 × 2 + 3 × 4 = 2 + 12 = 14. When the input is 2023,
the output is
(A) 0 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 6 (E) 8

6. Vivek is painting three doors. The doors are numbered 1, 2 and 3. Each door is to
be painted one colour: either black or gold. One possibility is that door 1 is painted
black, door 2 is painted gold, and door 3 is painted gold. In total, how many different
ways can the three doors be painted?
(A) 8 (B) 7 (C) 5 (D) 4 (E) 3

7. Snacks are purchased for 17 soccer players. Juice boxes come in packs of 3 and cost
$2.00 per pack. Apples come in bags of 5 and cost $4.00 per bag. Danny buys packs
of juice boxes and bags of apples so that every player gets a juice box and an apple.
What is the minimum amount of money that Danny spends?
(A) $26.00 (B) $28.00 (C) $24.00 (D) $30.00 (E) $36.00

8. A bicycle trip is 30 km long. Ari rides at an average speed of 20 km/h. Bri rides
at an average speed of 15 km/h. If Ari and Bri begin at the same time, how many
minutes after Ari finishes the trip will Bri finish?
(A) 50 min (B) 40 min (C) 30 min (D) 20 min (E) 10 min
9. Three tanks contain water. The number of litres in each is shown in the table below:

Tank A Tank B Tank C

3600 L 1600 L 3800 L

Water is moved from each of Tank A and Tank C into Tank B so that each tank
contains the same volume of water. How many litres of water are moved from Tank A
to Tank B?
(A) 500 L (B) 600 L (C) 700 L (D) 800 L (E) 900 L

10. Points A, B, C, and D lie along a line, in that order. If AB : AC = 1 : 5, and

BC : CD = 2 : 1, then the ratio AB : CD is equal to
(A) 1 : 1 (B) 1 : 2 (C) 1 : 3 (D) 2 : 5 (E) 3 : 5

Part B: Each correct answer is worth 6.

11. At the start of this month, Mathilde and Salah each had 100 coins. For Mathilde,
this was 25% more coins than she had at the start of last month. For Salah, this was
20% fewer coins than he had at the start of last month. The total number of coins
that they had at the start of last month was
(A) 180 (B) 185 (C) 190 (D) 200 (E) 205

12. A rectangle has length 8 cm and width π cm. A semi-circle has the same area as the
rectangle. What is its radius?
√
(A) 4 2 cm (B) 4 cm (C) 16 cm (D) 8 cm (E) 2 cm

13. If a(x + 2) + b(x + 2) = 60 and a + b = 12, then x is equal to

(A) 3 (B) 5 (C) 1 (D) 7 (E) 48

14. A line with a slope of 2 and a line with a slope of −4 each have a y-intercept of 6.
The distance between the x-intercepts of these lines is
3 5 9
(A) 2 (B) 6 (C) 2 (D) 2 (E) 2

15. A sequence has 101 terms, each of which is a positive integer. If a term, n, is even,
the next term is equal to 21 n + 1. If a term, n, is odd, the next term is equal to
1
2 (n + 1). For example, if the first term is 7, then the second term is 4 and the third
term is 3. If the first term is 16, the 101st term is
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 (E) 5
16. Twenty-five cards are randomly arranged in a grid, as
shown. Five of these cards have a 0 on one side and a 0 0 1 1 0
1 on the other side. The remaining twenty cards either
have a 0 on both sides or a 1 on both sides. Loron chooses 1 0 0 1 0
one row or one column and flips over each of the five
cards in that row or column, leaving the rest of the cards
1 1 0 1 0
untouched. After this operation, Loron determines the
ratio of 0s to 1s facing upwards. No matter which row or
0 0 1 0 0
column Loron chooses, it is not possible for this ratio to
be
1 0 1 0 1
(A) 12 : 13 (B) 2 : 3 (C) 9 : 16
(D) 3 : 2 (E) 16 : 9

17. The positive divisors of 6 are 1, 2, 3, 6. The sum of the positive divisors of
1184 is
(A) 2394 (B) 2396 (C) 2398 (D) 2400 (E) 2402

18. A robotic grasshopper jumps 1 cm to the east, then 2 cm to the north, then 3 cm to
the west, then 4 cm to the south. After every fourth jump, the grasshopper restarts
the sequence of jumps: 1 cm to the east, then 2 cm to the north, then 3 cm to the
west, then 4 cm to the south. After a total of n jumps, the position of the grasshopper
is 162 cm to the west and 158 cm to the south of its original position. The sum of
the squares of the digits of n is
(A) 22 (B) 29 (C) 17 (D) 14 (E) 13

19. If x and y are integers with 2x2 + 8y = 26, a possible value of x − y is

(A) −8 (B) 26 (C) −16 (D) 22 (E) 30

20. If n is a positive integer, the symbol n! (which is read “n factorial”) represents the
product of the integers from 1 to n, inclusive. For example, 5! = (1)(2)(3)(4)(5) or
5! = 120, which ends with exactly 1 zero. For how many integers m, with 1 ≤ m ≤ 30,
is it possible to find a value of n so that n! ends with exactly m zeros?
(A) 30 (B) 27 (C) 28 (D) 24 (E) 25
Part C: Each correct answer is worth 8.
Each correct answer is an integer from 0 to 99, inclusive.
A one-digit answer (such as “7”) must be coded with a leading zero (“07”).
Note: The integer formed by the rightmost two digits of 12 345 is 45.
The integer formed by the rightmost two digits of 6307 is 7, coded 07.

21. The integers 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, 13 are to be placed in the circles and squares
below with one number in each shape.

x y

Each integer must be used exactly once and the integer in each circle must be equal
to the sum of the integers in the two neighbouring squares. If the integer x is placed
in the leftmost square and the integer y is placed in the rightmost square, what is the
largest possible value of x + y?
1 1 1
22. If x and y are positive real numbers with = − , what is the value
x+y x y
x y 2
 
of + ?
y x
23. For each positive integer n, define s(n) to equal the sum of the digits of n. For
example, s(2023) = 2 + 0 + 2 + 3. The number of integers n with 100 ≤ n ≤ 999 and
7 ≤ s(n) ≤ 11 is S. What is the integer formed by the rightmost two digits of S?

24. Quadrilateral ABCD has ∠BCD = ∠DAB = 90◦ . The perimeter of ABCD is 224
and its area is 2205. One side of ABCD has length 7. The remaining three sides have
integer lengths. The sum of the squares of the side lengths of ABCD is S. What is
the integer formed by the rightmost two digits of S?

25. A cube has edge length 4 m. One end of a rope of length 5 m is anchored to the
centre of the top face of the cube. The area of the surface of the cube that can be
reached by the other end of the rope is A m2 . What is the integer formed by the
rightmost two digits of the integer closest to 100A?
 (English)
Contest
Fermat
2023
The CENTRE for EDUCATION
in MATHEMATICS and COMPUTING
cemc.uwaterloo.ca

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