9

Science
Quarter 3 - Module 2
Types of Volcanic Eruptions
Science- Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 - Module 2 : Types of Volcanic Eruptions
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or
office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.
Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of
royalty.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education – Division of Bohol
Schools Division Superintendent: Bianito A. Dagatan, EdD, CESO V 
Education Program Supervisor: Engr. Hermenilda B. Gracio, PhD

Development Team of the Module

Author : Agnes C. Buyan

Reviewers : Lilibeth L. Laroga
Maria Juris J. Casicas
Management Team :
Chairperson : Bianito A. Dagatan, EdD, CESO V
Schools Division Superintendent
Co-Chairpersons : Casiana P. Caberte, PhD
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Marina S. Salamanca, PhD
: Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Members : Carmela M. Restificar, PhD, CID Chief
Josephine D. Eronico, PhD, EPS-LRMDS
Engr. Hermenilda B. Gracio, PhD, EPS-Science
Jocelyn Rotersos, Division Librarian II

Printed in the Philippines by

Department of Education – Division of Bohol
Office Address: 0050 Lino Chatto Drive Barangay Cogon, Tagbilaran City, Bohol
Telephone Nos.: (038) 412-4938; (038) 411-2544; (038) 501-7550
Telefax: (038) 501-7550
E-mail Address: [email protected]
 9
Science
Quarter 3 - Module 2
Types of Volcanic Eruptions

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed

by educators from public schools. We encourage teachers and other
education stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and
recommendations to the Department of Education at deped.bohol@
deped.gov.ph.
We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

 Table of Contents

COVER PAGE
COPYRIGHT PAGE
TITLE PAGE
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Lesson 2 – Types of Volcanic Eruptions

What I Need to Know 1

What’s In 2
What’s New 2
What is it 3
What’s More 4
What I Have Learned 5
What I Can Do 5
Assessment 5
Additional Activities

References 8
What This Module is About

Introductory Message
Welcome to the Science 9 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Plate
Boundaries.
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators
from public schools to assist you, the teacher or facilitator, in helping the learners
meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal,
social, and economic constraints in schooling.

To the facilitators:
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

To the parents:
As a vital partners in education, your support to your children’s learning at home, is
a great factor to ensure that they will become succesful in what they do. As a
parents, you are expected to monitor your children’s progress while they are
accomplishing the tasks in this module while at the same time, ensuring that they
learn independently.

The objectives set for this learning material will be certainly accomplished with your
steadfast guidance and support.

To the learners:
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.
Furthermore, it is our objective that you will have fun while going through this
material. Take charge of your learning pace and in no time, you will successfully
meet the targets and objectives set in this module which are intended for your
ultimate development as a learner and as a person.
How to Learn from this Module
To achieve the objectives cited above, you are to do the following:
• Take your time reading the lessons carefully.
• Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and exercises diligently.
• Answer all the given tests and exercises.

Icons of this Module

This part contains learning objectives that
What I Need to are set for you to learn as you go along the
Know module.

This is an assessment as to your level of

knowledge to the subject matter at hand,
What I know
meant specifically to gauge prior related
Knowledge
This part connects previous lesson with that
of the current one.
What’s In

An introduction of the new lesson through

various activities, before it will be presented
What’s New
to you

These are discussions of the activities as a

way to deepen your discovery and under-
What is It
standing of the concept.

These are follow-up activities that are in-

tended for you to practice further in order to
What’s More
master the competencies.

Activities designed to process what you

What I Have have learned from the lesson
Learned

These are tasks that are designed to show-

case your skills and knowledge gained, and
What I can do
applied into real-life concerns and situations.
 This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
Assessment
competency.

In this portion, another activity will be given

Additional to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
Activities the lesson learned. This also tends
retention of learned concepts.
This contains answers to all activities in the
module.
Answer Key

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing this

module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module.
Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included
in the module.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
7. If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate
to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.
8. We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain
deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do
 Lesson
EARTH AND SPACE

2 Types of Volcanic Eruptions

What I Need To Know

In this particular lesson, you will learn about the different types of volcanic
eruptions.
Objectives: At the end of this module, you will be able to:
1. Describe each type of volcanic eruptions

What’s In
Magma inside the volcano has high temperature. As the magma is continuously
heated, it goes up. As it rises, gas bubbles are developed. The gas bubbles are trapped and
expand causing the molten material to swell also, resulting in a gradual increase in pressure
within the volcano. When the pressure exceeds the strength of the overlying rock, fracturing
occurs. The resulting breaks lead to a further drop in confining pressure, which in turn
causes even more gas bubbles to form. Lava may appear to be the primary material ejected
from a volcano, but this is not always the case. Aside from lava, broken rocks, lava bombs,
fine ash and dust are also ejected. Does this have any effect on the volcanic shape? Let’s
find out how.

What’s New
Volcanoes come in different shapes and sizes, and each structure has a
unique history of eruption. However, volcanologists have been able to
classify them according to their landforms and eruptive patterns.
Before we go further, let us discuss the external parts of a volcano.

Figure 1. Parts of a volcano(Source: Project EASE Module 12)

1
 A volcano usually has a summit, slope, and base. At the summit, there is an
opening which may either be a crater or a caldera. A crater is a funnel-shaped
opening at the top of a volcano while a caldera is formed when a part of the wall
collapses following an explosive eruption. A volcano can have one crater, like Mayon
Volcano, or can be more than one, like Taal Volcano that has 47 craters.

Question: What are the parts of a volcano?

What Is It
Volcanoes erupt differently.They are generally classified as wet or dry
depending on the magma’s water content. Volcanoes are described according
to the style of eruption as follows:
a. Phreatic or hydrothermal – is a
stream-driven eruption as the hot
rocks come in contact with water.
It is shortlived, characterized by
ash columns but may be an onset
of a larger eruption.

(Photo credits:USGS)
b. Phreatomagmatic – is a violent
eruption due to the contact
between water and magma. As a
result, a large column of very fine
ash and high-speed and sideway
emission of pyroclastics called
base surges are observed.

(Phto credits:USGS)
c. Strombolian- a periodic weak to
violent eruption characterized by
fountain lava, just like the Izaru
Volcano in Costa Rica.

2
 d. Vulcanian- characterized by tall
eruption columns that reach up to
20 km high with pyroclastic flow
(a very turbulent mixture of
steam, gases, ash, and small
pieces of rock that is heavier than
air and moves at a high rates of
speed) and ashfall tephra like that
of Paricutin Volcano in Mexico.
(Photo credits: USGS)
Plinian – excessively explosive
e. type of eruption of gas and
pyroclastics, just like our Pinatubo
Volcano in Zambales (considered
as the strongest volcanic eruption
in the country.)

(Photo credits:USGS)

What’s More
Volcanic eruptions happen when lava and gas are discharged from a
volcanic vent. The most common consequences of this are population movements
as large numbers of people are often forced to flee the moving lava flow. Volcanic
eruptions often cause temporary food shortages and volcanic ash landslides called
Lahar.
Give your insights on the following questions.
1. How would you find out if a volcano was going to erupt?
2. What is pyroclastic flow?

What I Have Learned

3
Name: ______________________________ Grade & Section : _________________ Date: _______

Based on the pictures given, what type of volcanic eruption is being

referred to. Use a separate paper for your answer.
1. _______________ 2. _______________________

3. 4.

3. _____________ 4. ____________________

Give your insights on the following questions.

3. How would you find out if a volcano was going to erupt?
4. What is pyroclastic flow?

4
 What I Can Do
Which of the following would best describe the 1991 eruption of Mt.
Pinatubo? Explain your answer.

KEY ANSWERS:

Guide Questions: 5
 What are the parts of a volcano?
(Summit, Slope, Base)
REFERENCES:

2015. Science Learner’s Manual 9. Pasig City: Department of Education.

6
IFRC . 2021. Accessed 10 2021, January. https://www.ifrc.org/en/what-we-do/disaster-
management/about-disasters/definition-of-hazard/volcanic-eruptions/.

7
For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Division of Bohol

Office Address: 0050 Lino Chatto Drive Barangay Cogol, Tagbilaran City, Bohol
Telephone Nos.: (038) 412-4938; (038) 411-2544; (038) 501-7550
Telefax: (038) 501-7550
E-mail Address: [email protected]