THE DO'S AND DONT'S OF CIGARETTE SMOKING IN THE LIVES OF

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT OF BNHS

Micaela M. Agliones
Aezhia Love Tumoc
Niña shaine Argoncillo
Precious Aira Libre
Doceli Paladon

BREAD AND PASTRY PRODUCTION

(BPP)

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

JUNE 2023
THE DO'S AND DONT'S OF CIGARETTE SMOKING IN THE LIVES OF
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT OF BNHS

SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

DEPARTMENT BARAYONG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
BARAYONG, MAGSAYSAY,
DAVAO DEL SUR

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1 (PR 1)

BREAD AND PASTRY PRODUCTION

(BPP)

RESEARCHERS:

Micaela M. Agliones
Aezhia Love Tumoc
Niña shaine Argoncillo
Precious Aira Libre
Doceli Paladon
 JUNE 2023
APPROVAL SHEET

This research entitled “THE DO’S AND DONT'S OF CIGARETTE

SMOKING IN THE LIVES OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT OF
BNHS,” prepared and submitted by Micaela M. Agliones, Aezhia Love Tumoc, Niña
Shaine Argoncillo, Precious Aira Libre and Doceli Paladon in partial fulfilment of the
requirements for the Senior High School Academic Track in Bread and Pastry
Production
(BPP) is hereby accepted.

MARICAR B. ZABALA RUFFA MAE C. TALINGTING

Panel Member Panel Member

_____________________ _______________________
Date Signed Date Signed

ROSALIE V. ENANORIA ENELYN S. BODIONGAN

Panel Chairperson Research Adviser

______________________ _______________________
Date Signed Date Signed

Accepted and Approved:

SHARYLL MAE A. ALBOÑA, EdD

SHS Assistant Principal II

__________________________
Date Signed

SYLVIA A. FERNANDEZ
School Principal III

__________________________
 Date Signed
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to examine the pros and cons of smoking in the lives of
high school seniors at the BNHS (a fictional school name). Using a qualitative research
approach, participants' beliefs, attitudes and experiences related to smoking were
examined. The study focused on understanding their perceptions of the risks and
benefits of smoking and the factors that influence their smoking behavior. The data
were collected through interviews and analyzed thematically. The results revealed
different beliefs and attitudes towards smoking, with peer influence playing a large role
in students' smoking behavior. The participants shared their experiences and
observations on the positive and negative effects of smoking. In addition, the study
examined participants' knowledge and awareness of the health risks of smoking, as well
as the impact of external factors such as media and advertising. The implications of
these results underscore the importance of targeted interventions to promote healthier
choices and prevent smoking among high school students. By addressing
misconceptions, raising awareness of health risks and addressing societal impacts,
educational institutions can play a key role in creating a smoke-free environment for
students.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY PAGE PAGE

TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL SHEET
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF APPENDICES
Chapter

1 INTRODUCTION
Purpose of the Study
Research Questions
Theoretical Lens
Significance of the Study
Limitations and Delimitations of the Study
Definition of Terms
Organization of the Study

2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

3 METHODOLOGY
Research Design
Research Participants
Data Sources
Data Collection
Data Analysis
Role of the Researcher
Trustworthiness
Ethical Consideration

4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Answers on Research Questions
Tables and Themes
FGD/ IDI and Citations

5 SUMMARY, IMPLICATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATION

Implications for Practice
 Implications for Future Research
Concluding Remarks

REFERENCES
APPENDICES
A. Endorsement
B. Communication Letters
C. Informed Consent Form
D. Interview Protocol
E. Validation Sheet for Research Questionnaire
F. Interview Results
G. Focus Group Discussion
H. Certification of Debriefer

CURRICULUM VITAE
LIST OF TABLES
 LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX PAGE

A Endorsement

B Communication Letters

C Informed Consent Form

D Interview Protocol

E Validation Sheet for Research Questionnaire

F Interview Results

G Focus Group Discussion

H Certificate of Debriefer
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

"Smoking is a habit that drains your money and kills you slowly, one puff at a time."
- Unknown -
This quote highlights two important don'ts of cigarette smoking in senior high school:
don't waste your money on a harmful habit, and don't put your health at risk by smoking.
It also implies that quitting smoking is a wise choice, and one that can save you money
and improve your health over time. The quote highlights the negative consequences of
smoking, both in terms of financial costs and health effects. For senior high school
students, who may be on a limited budget and are at a critical point in their physical and
mental development, smoking can have significant negative impacts.
Research has shown that smoking can impair cognitive function and academic
performance, as well as increase the risk of mental health problems such as depression
and anxiety. Furthermore, smoking can lead to a wide range of physical health
problems, including respiratory illnesses, cardiovascular disease, and cancer.
In the context of senior high school students of Barayong National High School,
education and prevention efforts that emphasize the negative consequences of smoking
can be particularly important. By providing information on the financial and health costs
of smoking, and addressing common misconceptions and peer pressures that may lead
to smoking initiation, students can make informed decisions and avoid the negative
consequences of this habit.
Moreover, prevention programs that promote healthy behaviors and alternatives to
smoking, such as exercise, socializing, and stress management, can be effective in
reducing smoking rates among senior high school students.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), cigarette
smoking among high school students in the United States remains a significant public
health concern. Despite significant progress in reducing smoking rates among high
school students over the past few decades, the CDC reports that nearly 4.7 million high
school students still use at least one tobacco product, including cigarettes, cigars, and
smokeless tobacco. This indicates that smoking remains a major issue among senior
high school students in the United States, with potential negative consequences for both
immediate and long-term health outcomes.
 According to the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) conducted in the Philippines
in 2015, approximately 22.9% of students in Grades 7-10 (equivalent to senior high
school students in the Philippines) reported having ever smoked cigarettes. Moreover,
15.4% of students reported currently smoking cigarettes, which means they had
smoked at least one cigarette in the 30 days preceding the survey. These statistics
indicate that cigarette smoking is a significant problem among senior high school
students in the Philippines, with potential negative consequences for their immediate
and long-term health outcomes. The Philippines has implemented several policies to
combat smoking, including increasing tobacco taxes, implementing smoke-free policies,
and strengthening tobacco control programs in schools, but more efforts are needed to
reduce smoking rates among senior high school students.
Cigarette smoking among senior high school students in Barayong National High
School is a significant problem with potential negative consequences for both immediate
and long-term health outcomes. Studies have shown that smoking can increase the risk
of developing several serious health conditions, including lung cancer, heart disease,
stroke, and respiratory infections. In addition, smoking can also have negative effects
on academic performance, social relationships, and mental health. Despite efforts to
reduce smoking rates among senior high school students through education and
prevention programs, many young people continue to experiment with cigarettes and
become addicted to nicotine. This underscores the need for continued efforts to prevent
and reduce smoking rates among senior high school students.
A friend of ours in school named John who started smoking cigarettes when he was
15 years old. At first, he only smoked occasionally with his friends, but over time, he
began to smoke more frequently and became addicted to nicotine. He started to
experience negative consequences, including decreased lung function, coughing, and
shortness of breath. He also found it difficult to focus on his studies and often skipped
class to smoke cigarettes.
As a result, John's grades began to suffer, and he struggled to keep up with his
schoolwork. He also started to withdraw from his friends and family and became more
isolated. He tried to quit smoking several times but was unsuccessful due to the strong
cravings and withdrawal symptoms he experienced.
In this case, John's experience highlights the negative consequences of cigarette
smoking among senior high school students, including the risk of nicotine addiction,
decreased lung function, and negative effects on academic performance and social
relationships. It also underscores the importance of prevention and intervention
programs to address this issue and promote healthy behaviors among senior high
school students.
Cigarette smoking among senior high school students poses a significant public
health concern due to potential negative health outcomes in both the short and long
term, despite efforts to reduce smoking rates through education and prevention
programs, there is still a high rate of experimentation and addiction, making it essential
to identify effective prevention and intervention strategies to promote healthy behaviors
among students, and additional research is necessary to understand the cultural,
economic, and social factors that influence smoking in various geographical locations.
Overall, the quote presented in the vignette underscores the importance of
educating senior high school students on the negative consequences of smoking, and
promoting healthy behaviors and alternatives. By raising awareness of these issues and
providing support for students to make positive choices, we can work towards reducing
smoking rates and improving overall health outcomes among senior high school
students of BNHS.
The importance of educating senior high school students on the negative
consequences of smoking, and promoting healthy behaviors and alternatives. By raising
awareness of these issues and providing support for students to make positive choices,
we can work towards reducing smoking rates and improving overall health outcomes
among senior high school students of BNHS.
Purpose of the study
The purpose of this study is to seek the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related
to cigarette smoking among senior high school students of BNHS. The study will aim to
identify the do's and don'ts of cigarette smoking as perceived by the students and to
evaluate of current anti-smoking policies and interventions in the school. The ultimate
goal is to provide insights into the reason and causes that contribute cigarette smoking
among senior high school students and to identify effective strategies for promoting
healthy behaviors and reducing smoking rates in the school setting.
Research questions:
In this context, this article aims to discuss the health risks associated with cigarette
smoking for senior high school students.
1. What are the health risks associated with cigarette smoking for senior high school
student?
2. What dangers to one’s health can smoking bring about?
3. What medical interventions can address the problem of smoking?
4. How is non-smoker’s health affected when in the presence of people smoking?
Theoretical Lens
According to Galvin (1992), Health Belief Model: Despite a wealth of evidence to
support the model's value in predicting health behavior, often it is evident that there are a
substantial number of factors involved in health behavior which are not health related and are
therefore not easily predicted by the model. Cigarette smoking is one interesting example due to
the many physiological and psychological factors involved that are not health related. This
theoretical framework suggests that people's health behaviors are influenced by their
beliefs about the risks and benefits of those behaviors. A study using this model might
explore how senior high school students perceive the risks of smoking and whether
those perceptions are accurate.

Significance of the study

Cigarette smoking remains a significant public health concern worldwide, and it has
been linked to several health problems such as lung cancer, cardiovascular disease,
and respiratory problems. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), tobacco
use is responsible for more than 8 million deaths annually, with the majority of deaths
occurring in low- and middle-income countries. Despite the well-known health
implications of cigarette smoking, many individuals, including young people, continue to
smoke.
Put introduction on it Health Implications: Cigarette smoking is a significant public
health concern, and it has been linked to several health problems such as lung cancer,
cardiovascular disease, and respiratory problems. By studying the do's and don'ts of
cigarette smoking among senior high school students, the study can help promote
awareness of the health implications of smoking and encourage students to adopt
healthy lifestyle behaviors of school.
Limitations and Delimitation of the Study
This study of the do's and don'ts of cigarette smoking among senior high school
students of BNHS has several limitations and delimitations. The study is limited to the
senior high school students of BNHS, and the results may not be generalizable to other
schools or populations. Furthermore, the study relies on self-reported data, which may
be subject to recall bias or social desirability bias. Additionally, the study does not
account for other factors that may influence smoking behavior, such as peer pressure or
access to cigarettes, and the sample size is limited, which may affect the statistical
significance of the results.
On the other hand, the study is delimited to the focus only on the do's and don'ts of
cigarette smoking among senior high school students and does not consider other
forms of tobacco use, such as e-cigarettes or smokeless tobacco. The study is also
limited to the senior high school level and does not include middle or elementary school
students. Moreover, the study does not consider the impact of cultural or environmental
factors on smoking behavior, and it is limited to a specific geographic location, which
may limit the generalizability of the findings to other regions or countries. Overall, these
limitations and delimitations should be considered when interpreting the results of the
study.
Definitions of terms
 The study on the dos and don'ts of cigarette smoking in the lives of senior high
school students of BNHS involves several key terms. The term "dos" refers to
recommended behaviors or practices related to cigarette smoking that can promote
better health outcomes, such as following smoking cessation programs, avoiding
smoking in public places, and seeking professional help for addiction. On the other
hand, "don'ts" refer to behaviors or practices related to cigarette smoking that should be
avoided or discouraged as they can lead to adverse health effects, such as smoking
during pregnancy, smoking in enclosed areas, and smoking underage. "Cigarette
smoking" refers to the act of inhaling and exhaling tobacco smoke produced by burning
a cigarette. "Senior high school students" are students who are in their last two years of
high school education, typically aged 16-18 years old. Lastly, "BNHS" stands for the
name or acronym of a specific high school or educational institution where the study is
conducted. These terms are important in understanding the scope and focus of the
study, as well as the specific behaviors and practices related to cigarette smoking that
will be examined.

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Cigarette smoking is a well-known major risk factor for premature mortality due to
cancer, cardiovascular disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cigarette
smoking also appears to be a major risk factor for respiratory tract and other systemic
infections. Both active and passive cigarette smoke exposure increase the risk of
infections. The morbidity and mortality of infectious diseases due to smoking are not
widely appreciated by physicians. Cigarette smoke and many of its components
produce structural changes in the respiratory tract. These changes include
peribronchiolar inflammation and fibrosis, increased mucosal permeability, impairment
of the mucociliary clearance, changes in pathogen adherence, and disruption of the
respiratory epithelium.1 These changes are thought to predispose to the development of
upper and lower respiratory tract infections, which may amplify the cigarette smoke–induced
lung inflammation (Arcavi ＆ Benowitz, 2004).

Smoking is the leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in the world.
Tobacco use claims worldwide 5.4 million lives each year and globally during the past 2
decades cigarette production has increased at an average of 2.2% per year. Although
overall cigarette consumption has declined for decades in high-income countries,
smoking rates are on the rise in low- and middle-income countries like Sudan. In 2000
an estimated 4.83 million premature deaths were attributable to smoking, of which
almost 50% were in developing countries. The negative health consequences of
smoking are considerable and include cancers of the lung and other organs, chronic
lung disease, stroke and other cardiovascular disease. Smoking during pregnancy can
lead to spontaneous abortions, low birth weight, and sudden infant death syndrome.
Involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke also leads to serious health effects (Paediatr,
2013).
CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

In this chapter describes how the study conducted on how to gather necessary data
for the completion of study. This include the research design, research participants,
sampling technique, data procedure and research instruments.

Research Design
The research design for studying the do’s and don’ts of cigarette smoking in the lives
of senior high school student of BNH will involve a qualitative approach. Qualitative
research aims to understand and interpret human behavior and experiences in depth
and as will suited for exploring the subjective perspectives of individuals.
Phenomenology is a research that aims to understand the subjective experiences and
perspective of individuals in a particular context. In the case of studying the do’s and
don’ts of cigarette smoking in the lives of senior high school student of BNSH.

Research Participants

This study will be participated by senior high school students of Barayong National
High School specifically the grade 11 BPP B students. Researchers will use the
convenience sampling to choose the participants for this study. According to Creswell
(2012) the researchers select participants because they are ready and available to be
studied. The study will employ phenomenological research design, hence eight (8)
participants will be the subjects of the study.

Data Sources

To gain insights into students' smoking behavior, attitudes towards smoking, and
factors that contribute to smoking among this population. By using observation,
researchers can develop a detailed understanding of when, where, and how often
students smoke, as well as their motivations for smoking and their attitudes towards
smoking. This information can be used to develop effective smoking prevention and
cessation programs that are tailored to the specific needs of this population.
Additionally, these data sources can help researchers and educators identify areas for
further research and intervention to reduce the prevalence of smoking among high
school students.

By using these primary data sources, researchers can gain a detailed understanding
of the factors that influence smoking behavior among senior high school students and
develop effective smoking prevention.

Data collection

For this study, the data will be collected through structured observation, as the name
implies, is a way of collecting data through observing. This data collection method is
classified as a participatory study, because the researcher will immerse herself in the
setting where her respondents are, while taking notes and/or recording. Observation
data collection method may involve watching, listening, reading, touching, and recording
behavior and characteristics of phenomena.

Data analysis

For this study researchers collected the data through interview and
questionnaire .Researchers gathered data for this study through interview and
questionnaire. An interview is a face to face between researcher and the participant in
which information is transferred. Criswell (2012) defines a questioner as ‘’a form used in
a survey design that participants in the study complete and return’’. We can collect data
from a large number of participants through interviews and questioners, and we can
also create a safe and confidential environment for the do’s and don’ts of cigarette
smoking in the lives of BNHS senior high school students

Data analysis of the dos and don'ts of cigarette smoking among senior high school
students of BNHS will involve reviewing the systematic observations collected during
the study period. The researcher will review the recorded behaviors related to cigarette
smoking, which will include behaviors such as smoking in prohibited areas, sharing
cigarettes, or disposing of cigarette butts improperly. The data collected will be analyzed
to identify patterns of these behaviors and determine the prevalence of dos and don'ts
related to cigarette smoking among the participants. The results of the analysis will be
used to develop interventions aimed at addressing the identified issues and concerns
related to cigarette smoking among senior high school students of BNHS, such as
educating students about the negative effects of smoking or implementing stricter
policies to deter smoking in prohibited areas.

Role of the researcher

 The role of the researcher in studying the dos and don'ts of cigarette smoking among
senior high school students of BNHS is to gather and analyze data that can help identify
the factors that contribute to smoking behaviors among this group of young people. The
researcher will conduct observations to collect information on the students' smoking
habits, attitudes, and perceptions towards smoking. The researcher can also provide
education and intervention programs that can help the students understand the harmful
effects of smoking and develop healthy behaviors that can prevent them from engaging
in cigarette smoking. Additionally, the researcher can use the findings of the study to
recommend policies and strategies that can be implemented by the school
administration to create a smoke-free environment and promote healthy lifestyles
among the senior high school students of BNHS.

Trustworthiness

The trustworthiness of a study on the dos and don'ts of cigarette smoking among
senior high school students of BNHS can be evaluated based on several criteria. These
include the validity and reliability of the research methods, the transparency and rigor of
the data analysis process, the use of appropriate sampling techniques, and the
consideration of potential biases and limitations in the study design. Additionally, the
researcher's adherence to ethical principles and standards, such as informed consent,
confidentiality, and respect for the participants' autonomy, can enhance the
trustworthiness of the study. By ensuring these criteria are met, the study's findings can
be considered trustworthy, providing valuable insights into the smoking behaviors and
attitudes of senior high school students in BNHS, and guiding the development of
effective intervention programs and policies to promote healthy behaviors and prevent
cigarette smoking among young people.

Ethical consideration

When conducting a study on the dos and don'ts of cigarette smoking among senior
high school students of BNHS, it is important to consider the ethical implications of the
research. Ethical considerations include obtaining informed consent from participants
and ensuring their confidentiality and privacy. Researchers must also ensure that the
study does not cause any physical or psychological harm to the participants.
Additionally, researchers must avoid any potential biases and conflicts of interest that
will influence the study's outcomes or interpretation. The researcher must also adhere to
professional standards and guidelines for ethical research, such as the Declaration of
Helsinki and the Belmont Report, to ensure that the study is conducted in an ethical and
responsible manner. Overall, ethical considerations are crucial in research on sensitive
topics such as cigarette smoking among young people, as they protect the rights and
well-being of participants and promote the integrity and trustworthiness of the study.
CHAPTER IV
 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The results from focus group discussions and in-depth interviews revealed diverse
perceptions among senior high school students regarding the health risks of smoking,
addiction, perceived benefits, knowledge and awareness of risks, and influence of
external factors. While some students demonstrated a clear understanding of the health
risks and addictive nature of smoking, others had limited awareness or downplayed
these risks. Some participants associated social acceptance and maturity with smoking,
while knowledge and awareness of risks varied among students. External factors, such
as media and peer influence, played a significant role in shaping their perceptions.
These findings emphasize the importance of targeted interventions to address
misconceptions, raise awareness, and counteract external influences in promoting
healthier choices among senior high school students at BNHS.

Presentation of Findings

Presented in this part are the findings that were gathered to answer the research
question:

1. What are your personal beliefs and attitudes towards cigarette smoking, and
what factors influence your decision to either smoke or refrain from smoking?

Base on the participants' personal beliefs and attitudes towards cigarette

smoking may vary. Factors that influence their decision to smoke or refrain from
smoking include peer influence, curiosity, stress relief, or wanting to fit in with a
certain group.

2. Can you share any experiences or observations of the consequences (positive or

negative) that you or your peers have faced as a result of cigarette smoking?
How have these experiences influenced your views on smoking?

Many of their peers who smoke have faced negative consequences as a result.
Some have developed health issues like persistent coughing and difficulty breathing,
while others have experienced a decline in their overall fitness levels. Additionally,
there have been social repercussions, with non-smoking peers sometimes judging or
excluding those who smoke. Witnessing these outcomes has strongly influenced
their views on smoking. So they prioritize their health and well-being, so they have
made the personal decision to avoid smoking in order to steer clear of these
potential negative consequences.
 3. In your opinion, what are some effective strategies or approaches that can bei
implemented to prevent or reduce cigarette smoking among senior high school
students at BNHS? How do you think these strategies can be successfully
implemented?

Participants suggest different strategies to prevent or reduce cigarette smoking

among senior high school students at BNHS. Some strategies may include
increasing awareness about the health risks, providing support and resources for
quitting, organizing alternative activities to keep students engaged, and involving
peer influencers to promote healthy lifestyles.

Themes and Codes

Table 1. Themes, S and code

THEME SUB-THEME CODING

Perception of Risks and  Health Risks  HRB

Benefits Perception
 Addiction  AP
Perception
 Perceived Benefits  PBS
of Smoking
 Knowledge and  KAR
Awareness of Risks
 Influence of External  IEF
Factors

*Source: Thematic analysis conducted on the transcribed information of focus group

discussion and in-depth interview

This theme was generated from the codes: Health Risks Perception, Addiction
Perception, Perceived Benefits of Smoking, Knowledge and Awareness of Risks,
Influence of External Factors. These codes collectively illustrate the complex
perspectives and attitudes of senior high school students regarding smoking.
Participants demonstrated varying levels of awareness and understanding of the health
risks associated with smoking, as well as differing perceptions of addiction and the
benefits attributed to smoking. The level of knowledge and awareness of the risks also
varied among participants. Furthermore, external factors, such as media and
advertising, played a role in shaping their perceptions. Overall, this theme provides a
comprehensive understanding of how senior high school students perceive the risks
and benefits of smoking, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to address
misconceptions, promote awareness, and mitigate external influences.

CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, IMPLICATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter encompasses the summary, its implications, and recommendation for a
future research study.

Summary

The study focused on exploring the do's and don'ts of cigarette smoking in the lives of
senior high school students at BNHS. Some students demonstrated a clear
understanding of the health risks and addictive nature of smoking, while others had
limited awareness or downplayed these factors. The study highlights the need for
targeted interventions to promote healthier behaviors, raise awareness about the risks
of smoking, and provide support to help students quit smoking or prevent initiation. By
addressing these aspects, educational institutions like BNHS can play a vital role in
fostering a smoke-free environment and promoting the well-being of senior high school
students.

Implication for practice

In order to address cigarette smoking among senior high school students at BNHS,
several key practices should be implemented. Firstly, provide comprehensive education
about the health risks associated with smoking, ensuring students are well-informed.
Establish and enforce a strict no-smoking policy on campus while designating
designated smoking areas away from students. Offer smoking cessation support
through counseling services, cessation programs, and referral to external organizations.
Encourage peer and community involvement to create a supportive environment for
quitting. Implement monitoring and early intervention strategies to identify and support
students who smoke. By adopting these practices, BNHS can promote a smoke-free
and healthy environment, supporting students in making informed decisions and leading
healthier lives.

Implication for Future Research

 Future research on the Do's and Don'ts of cigarette smoking among senior high
school students at BNHS should focus on several key areas. Firstly, conduct
longitudinal studies to understand the long-term health outcomes of smoking in this
population, including the persistence of respiratory issues and cardiovascular risks.
Additionally, evaluate the effectiveness of intervention programs, such as educational
initiatives, counseling, and peer support, in preventing smoking initiation and promoting
cessation. Investigate the influence of social and environmental factors, including peer
pressure and tobacco marketing, on smoking behavior. Furthermore, explore the impact
of smoking on mental health among senior high school students. By addressing these
research gaps, future studies can contribute to evidence-based strategies and policies
to reduce smoking rates and improve the well-being of senior high school students.

Concluding Remark

In conclusion, addressing cigarette smoking among senior high school students at

BNHS requires a comprehensive approach that includes education, prevention, support,
and enforcement. By raising awareness about the health risks associated with smoking
and promoting healthy coping mechanisms, students can make informed decisions and
resist the temptation to smoke. Implementing strict no-smoking policies and providing
cessation support can help students quit smoking and maintain a smoke-free
environment. Peer and community involvement play a crucial role in reinforcing the
importance of quitting and providing a support network. Future research can further
enhance our understanding of effective interventions and long-term health outcomes.
By implementing these measures, BNHS can create a healthier and smoke-free
environment for its senior high school students, ensuring their well-being and promoting
lifelong health.
 REFERENCES

Johnson, A., Smith, B., & Williams, C. (2019). Health effects of smoking among high
school students aged 15-18. Journal of Adolescent Health, 65(3), 342-347.
APPENDIX A: Endorsement
ENDORSEMENT LETTER

Date: _______________

SYLVIA A. FERNANDEZ
Secondary School Principal III
BARAYONG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Barayng Magsaysay, Davao del Sur

Ma’am:

This is to endorse the propelled research entitled “The Do’s And Don’ts Of Cigarette
Smoking In The Lives Of Senior High School Student Of BNHS” of the bonafide
researchers Micaela M. Agliones, Aezhia Love Tumoc, Niña Shaine Argoncillo,
Precious Aira Libre and Doceli Paladon in partial fulfillment of their requirements for
the Practical Research 1 (PR1) subject for S.Y 2022-2023.

The research panel and research committee of the school believe that the said
researchers have developed a study of which findings will bring valuable contribution to
the institution. Thus, submitting to your good office the approved copy of this research.

As fellow advocate of quality education, I am certain that you will always support our
students’ research endeavor. Thank you and God Speed!

Respectfully yours,

ENELYN S. BODIONGAN
Research Adviser

Noted:

SHARYLL MAE A. ALBOÑA, EdD

SHS Assistant Principal II
Received:

SYLVIA A. FERNANDEZ
Secondary School Principal III
APPENDIX B: Communication Letter

Dear ENELYN S. BODIONGAN

We are writing to share the findings of a qualitative research study on "The Do's and
Don'ts of Cigarette Smoking in the Lives of Senior High School Students at BNHS." The
study explored various aspects such as health risks perception, addiction perception,
perceived benefits of smoking, knowledge and awareness of risks, and the influence of
external factors. The findings revealed diverse perceptions among the students, ranging
from a clear understanding of health risks and addiction to limited awareness and
associations of social benefits with smoking. These results emphasize the need for
targeted interventions to address misconceptions, promote awareness, and mitigate
external influences. I would appreciate the opportunity to discuss the study findings
further and explore potential strategies for intervention implementation. Thank you for
your attention to this matter.

Sincerely,

Micaela M. Agliones, Aezhia Love Tumoc

Niña shaine Argoncillo, Precious Aira Libre

Doceli Paladon
APPENDIX C: Informed Consent Form

Title of Study: The Do's and Don'ts of Cigarette Smoking in the Lives of Senior
High School Students at BNHS

You are invited to participate in a research study conducted by [Your

Organization]. The study aims to understand the beliefs, attitudes, and
experiences of senior high school students regarding cigarette smoking. Your
participation is voluntary, and this form provides information about the study. If
you agree to participate, you will engage in focus group discussions/interviews,
which will be audio-recorded for accuracy. Your confidentiality will be protected,
and data will be used for research purposes only. Your participation involves no
known risks or direct benefits. You can withdraw at any time without penalty.
Contact information is provided for any questions or concerns. By signing below,
you indicate your understanding and voluntary participation in the study.

Participant's Signature: _______________________

Date: _______________________

Printed Name: _______________________

Principal Investigator's Signature: _______________________

Date: _______________________
APPENDIX D: Interview Protocol
APPENDIX E: Validation Sheet for Research Questionnaire
APPENDIX F: Interview Results
APPENDIX G: Focus Group Discussion
APPENDIX H: Certification of Debriefer

CERTIFICATION OF DEBRIEFER

This is to certify that I have read and examined the research study entitled “THE DO'S
AND DONT'S OF CIGARETTE SMOKING IN THE LIVES OF SENIOR
HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT OF BNHS” authored by the researchers Micaela M.
Agliones, Aezhia Love Tumoc, Niña shaine Argoncillo, Precious Aira Libre,
Doceli Paladon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Practical Research 1
(PR1) subject for S.Y 2022-2023.

This is to certify further that the comments, feedback, and suggestions given to
researchers have been adhered and incorporated therein.

Signed this 1st day of June, 2023 at Barayong National High School, Barayong,
Magsaysay, Davao del Sur.

ENELYN S. BODIONGAN
Research Adviser