ENGINEERING GRAPHICS

UNIT IV

SECTION OF SOLIDS
SECTION:-
SECTION:
The surface produced when a section plane cuts
a solid is termed a section
section..
SECTION PLANE(S
PLANE(S..P) OR CUTTING PLANE PLANE::-
The imaginary plane which is assumed to cut the
object as required is called a cutting plane (or) section
plane..
plane
SECTIONAL VIEW VIEW::-
The drawing showing that part of the object
which is between the plane of projection and the
section plane is called a sectional view
view..
 Types of Section Planes

1. Section Planes Perpendicular to the HP and

Parallel to VP.
2. Section Planes Perpendicular to the VP and
Parallel to HP.
3. Section Planes Perpendicular to the VP and
Inclined to the HP.
4. Section Planes Perpendicular to the HP and
Inclined to the VP.
5. True shape given problem.
 UNIT IV - Section of Solids

Condition of cutting
Type Cutting Line Cutting Plane
plane

1 Cutting plane parallel to

VP and Perpendicular to TV FV
HP
2 Cutting plane parallel to
HP and Perpendicular to FV TV
VP

3 Cutting plane inclined to

HP and perpendicular to FV TV
VP

4 Cutting plane inclined to

VP and perpendicular to TV FV
HP
 Section of solids – Type 1
1. A hexagonal prism, side of base 30mm and axis 60mm long, rests
with its base on HP such that one of its rectangular faces is parallel
to VP. A section plane perpendicular to HP and parallel to VP cuts
the prism at a distance of 10mm from its axis. Draw its top and
sectional front views.

2. A pentagonal pyramid, side of base 30 mm and axis 60 mm long

rests with its base on HP such that one of the edges of the base is
perpendicular to VP. A section plane perpendicular to HP and
parallel to VP cuts the pyramid at a distance of 20 mm from the
observer. Draw its top view and
corner of the base nearer to the observer.
view. (UQ)
sectional front view.
 Section of solids – Type 2
1. A pentagonal pyramid , side of base 30mm and axis
60mm long, rests with its base on HP and one of the
edges of its base is perpendicular to VP. It is cut by a
section plane perpendicular to VP, parallel to HP and
passing through the axis at a point 35mm above the
base.
2. A cube of 50mm side rests with one of its edges on HP
such that the square faces containing that edge are
making equal inclinations with HP. A horizontal
section plane cuts the cube at a distance of 18mm
below the horizontal edge nearer to the observer.
Obtain the front and sectional top views.
 Section of solids – Type 3
1. A pentagonal pyramid, side of base 26 26mm
mm and 52 52mm
mm height rests
with its base on HP
HP.. One of the edges of its base is perpendicular to
VP.. A section plane perpendicular to VP and inclined at 45
VP 45ºº to HP
bisects the axis at distance of 26
26mm
mm from apex apex.. Draw the sectional
top view and true shape of section
section.. (UQ)
2. A pentagonal pyramid, side of base 30 30mm
mm and axis 60 60mm
mm long, rests
with its base on HP and an edge of its base is parallel to VP VP.. A
section plane perpendicular to VP and inclined at 45 45ºº to HP passes
through the axis at a point 35
35mm
mm above the base base.. Draw the sectional
top view and true shape of section
section..
3. A square prism, side of base 3030mm
mm and axis 60 60mm
mm long, rests with
its base on HP and one of its rectangular faces is inclined at 30 30ºº to VP
VP..
A section plane perpendicular to VP and inclined at 60 60ºº to HP cuts
the axis of the prism at a point 2020mmmm from its top end end.. Draw the
sectional top view and true shape of section
section.. (UQ)

4. A cone of base diameter 40 mm and axis length 60 mm is resting on

HP on its base
base.. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to VP and parallel
to a contour generator and is 10 mm away from it it.. Draw the front
view, sectional top view and true shape of section
section.. (UQ)
 Section of solids – Type 3
5. A cone of base diameter 5050mm
mm and axis length 60
60mm
mm stands with its
base on HPHP.. Draw the true shape of section made by a plane
perpendicular to VP and inclined to the HP at 50 50ºº and passing
through a point on the base circle of the cone
cone..
6. A cone of base diameter 50 mm and axis length 60 mm is resting on
HP on its base. Its cut by a plane perpendicular to VP and inclined
at 75O to HP and is passing through the apex of the cone.
cone. Draw its
front view, sectional top view and true shape of section. (UQ)

7. A cone, base 40mm diameter and axis 60mm long, rests with its base
on HP. It is cut by a section plane perpendicular to VP, parallel to
one of the generators and passing through a point on the axis at a
distance of 25mm from the apex. Draw the sectional top view and
true shape of the section. (UQ)

8. A cylinder of base diameter 40mm and height 60mm, rests on its base on
HP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to VP and inclined at 35º to HP
and meet the axis at a distance 25mm from base. Draw front view
sectional top view and true shape of section.
 Section of solids – Type 3
9. A cylinder of 40 mm diameter and height 65 mm rest on its base on
HP. It is cut by a section plane inclined at 45O to HP and
VP. The section plane passes through a point on the
perpendicular to VP.
axis at a height of 55 mm from the base. Draw the front view,
sectional plan and true shape of section.

10. A square prism of base side 25 mm and axis length 60 mm is lying

on HP on one of its base side inclined at 25O to VP. It is cut by a
plane inclined at 40O to HP and perpendicular to VP and bisecting
the axis of the prism. Draw its front view, sectional top view and
true shape of section.

11. A hexagonal prism of base side 25 mm and axis 65 mm rest on its

base on HP. It is cut by a plane inclined at 45O to HP and
VP. The section plane passes through a point on the
perpendicular to VP.
axis at a height of 50 mm from the base. Draw the front view,
sectional plan and true shape of section.
 Section of Solids – Type 4
1. A hexagonal pyramid, side of base 25 25mm
mm and axis 5555mm
mm long, rests
with its base on HP such that one of the edge of its base is
perpendicular to VP VP.. It is cut by a section plane perpendicular to HP,
inclined at 45
45ºº to VP and passing through the pyramid at a distance of
10mm
10 mm from the axis axis.. Draw the sectional front view and the true shape
of section
section..
2. A square prism, side of base 40 40mmmm and axis 60
60mm
mm long, rests with its
base on HP such that one of its rectangular faces is inclined at 30 30ºº to
VP.. A section plane perpendicular to HP and inclined at 60
VP 60ºº to VP
passes through the prism such that a rectangular face which is making
60ºº with VP is cut into two halves
60 halves.. Draw the top view, sectional front
view and true shape of section section..
3. A cone of base diameter 50 mm and axis length 60 mm is resting on
HP on its basebase.. It is cut by a plane inclined at 40O to VP and
perpendicular to HP that cuts the cone at a distance of 10 mm from
axis and infront of it it.. Draw the top view, sectional front view and
true shape of section
section..
 Section of Solids – Type 4
4. A hexagonal pyramid of base side 25 mm and axis 70 mm long is
resting with two of the sides perpendicular to VP. It is cut by a
section plane perpendicular to horizontal and 10 mm away from
axis. Draw the top and sectional front view and true shape of
the axis.
section.

5. A pentagonal pyramid of base 30 mm and axis 60 mm is resting on

HP on its base with a base side parallel to VP. It is cut by a plane
inclined at 45o to VP and perpendicular to HP and is 12 mm away
from the axis. Draw the sectional top view and true shape of
section.
 Section of solids – Type 5 ( True shape is
given)
1. A cube of 60
60mm
mm side has its base edges equally inclined to VP VP.. It is
cut by a sectional plane perpendicular to VP, so that the true shape
of cut section is a regular hexagon
hexagon.. Locate the plane and determine
the angle of inclination of the VT with the reference line XY XY.. Draw
the sectional top view and true shape of section
section.. (UQ)
(UQ).. (θ=55
55º)
º)
2. A square prism of 32 32mm
mm side and 100 100mm
mm height is lying on its
base on HP such that the edges of the base are equally inclined to
VP.. The prism is cut by a section plane passing through the mid
VP mid--
point of the axis such that the true shape of section is a rhombus of
diagonals of 102 mm and 42 42mm
mm.. Determine the inclination of the
section plane with HP HP.. (UQ)
3. A cone of base 40 mm diameter and axis 70 mm long is resting on
its base on HP
HP.. It is cut by a section plane, so that the true shape
of section is an ellipse of major axis 50 mm and minor axis 25
mm.. Determine the inclination of section of the section plane with
mm
HP and draw the projections of solid
solid..
 Section of solids – Type 5 ( True shape is
given)
4. A square prism of 32.5 mm side and 102mm height is lying on its
base on HP such that the edges of the base are equally inclined to
VP. The prism is cut by a section plane passing through the mid
point of the axis such that the true shape of section is a rhombus
of diagonals of 93 mm and 46 mm.mm. Determine the inclination of
the section plane.
5. A square pyramid of base side 30 mm and axis 50 mm lies on the
HP on its base with its base edges equally inclined to VP. It is cut
by a plane perpendicular to VP and inclined to HP cuts the base
also, such that the true shape is an isosceles triangle of base side
20 mm and altitude 45 mm.mm. Draw the projection and find the
inclination of the section plane.
END