Bearing capacity Bearing capacity of the foundation is the maximum pressure 1. the soil can withstand without shear failure Te 2. The settlement is within serviceability limit 0 Terminology 1. Width of foundation (8) k— Depth of Foundation (D) Ultimate Bearing Capacity (q, foundation the soil can withstand without shear failure Net ultimate pearing Capacity (g,u): The maximum additional pressure on the base of foundation the soil can résist without failure Gnu =u —¥ = nu - 3 4, 5. Net Safe Bearing Capacity qns = 6. 7. 8. ): Maximum bearing pressure at the base of Safe Bearing Capacity q, =qns+yD Safe Bearing Pressure: (q,.)=The intensity of loading that will cause a permissible settlement Allowable bearing capacity (q,)= minimum of q, and dps : —— +Bearing capacity . Rauber Rank based on classical ~~ * Bells Theory Earth Pressure Theory * Prandtl Theory * Terzaghi Theory The methods suggested by them are based on theary of classical earth pressure. This was postulated by Pauker a * Meyerhof Theory B & % Semi-empitical ae engineer in 1850 and then a by Bell in * Vesic Theory solution based * Hansen Theory on plastic _- Eb 3 * Skempton ei r —_ H-buneAssumptionsPrandtl Theor -—2——4 52 qe ent ea Pi = € cot Assumptions mic spiral r; Ztand ‘Material is softer, bemogeneous-and isotropic 1 The material is weightless possessing only cohesion and friction The problem is two-dimensional Taking moment on the pole r : The base of puncher is smooth haa + n't = Kyran t — Bearing capacity is given by Bearing capacity with surcharge is given by qe = € cot@[K e727? Al a =ccota[K,e™!"? — 1] + qgK,e™2" | —Comments on Prandtl Theory 1. The ultimate bearing capacity qq=0 if c=0 if overburden is not considered 2. The equation does not take ito account the width of the foundation, and the weight of soil y 3. When $=0, gg=o which is indeterminate quantity 7) but the actual quantity is qq = 5.14 e* Base of the foundation is roug] * The soil is semi-infinite, homogeneous and isotropic * The problem is 2-dimensional * Failure is general shear failure_~ * The load is vertical and symmetric * Overburden pressure at foundation is equals to q= BE * Coulomb law of shear strength is valid ¢-=¢ += %\q™The forces acting on this wedge are as follows: Vertical forces =yB*/4tanp — Bctang PL — Pp, guB + (yB"/4) tanh =EFp)> Berend] go ele Resolving Pp a. P,, due to the weight of soil in zone-II and zone-III, assuming the soil as cohesionless and neglecting the surcharge yD. b. P,, due to the cohesion of soil in zone-Il and zone-IIl assuming the soil as weightless (y =0) and neglecting the surcharge yD. C. Pq due to the surcharge yD, assuming the soil as cohesionless and weightless. au = (ZEE+ ¢ tan) + Ht —L 7? rand) ee ————1 N, beanung cape fy Gu = CNe + Ng +5 7BNy TF tha Ne ty & " FadoreThe bearing capacity factors are expressed by the following equations N,=(N,— Neorg g N= ———“2_ _ # 2e0s*(45° + 6/2) where ay=e7"?, 1=(0.7Se- 9/2) K 2s) cos? @ where Kp, = passive earth pressure coefficient,‘The bearing capacity factors are expressed by the following equations _ i rhNy z + fh) cl = N= Wy —Deatg_ fu B+ U i Na Bee, 4- 1 ¥ 2c0s*(45° + 0/2) where ay = eT, 9=(0.15e- * N, My d 37 10 00 where Kp, = passive earth pressure coefficient. > a 14 oe oy PRN — 10 9.6 27 12 is 129 44 18 20 7 74 5.0 2s 25.1 127 97 » 72 225 19.7 35 578 414 424 40 95.7 813 100.4 45 172.3 1733 360.0* & & a Angle of shearing resistance, # (degrees) o-30 Ne Ne Ny 2 Pe Berd Ngee wo Hl N 5 7, Ne Ny | ¥y = S2o wr Sas S95 Vataae APM and AD = 8268 8Types of shear failure General Shear Failure ° This type of failure is seen in dense and stiff soil 8 Load/unit area, q de , insoil SettlementLocal Shear Failure © This type of failure ts seen in relatively loose and soft soil.Punching Shear Failure © This type of failure is seen in loose and soft soil and at deeper elevations. The failuyg surface in sotl will not extend to the ground surface.Relative density of sand, D, 0 02 o4 06 os 10 Relative depth of foundation D4 s' or cucy General Local vy >36 <29 Failure strain | <5% 10-20% Or >70% | <35% SPT >30 <5 e <0.55, >0.75 Modes of failure of model footings in sand (attag Vests, 1963)Shape correction ~ * Square Foundations 9, = 130N, +¥D,N, + 0AYBN, Circular Foundations qu = 13EN, + 7DyN, + 03/BN, Rectangular Foundations (1-03x }-r0., +3720, (1-02%7) 4,20N,|1+03*7)+7D,N, +37BN, (1-027 where B= width or diameter, L = length of footing.Shape corr aaiaee Dee nas __ Square Foundations 49, = 13eN, IN, +04y BN, OSTENy j Tp are Shape Circular Foundations Whee Co Ss aor 4 = 13CN, +7D,)N, +03/BN, Rectangular Foundations Sear where B = width or diameter, L = length of footing.Ringo 5-4 Water Table correction a: w +s rebee % 4 1 Tar oy Fen f 4g. crt half th W 8M Y vy dm VC 04 Bm) Gy = C by ifs ee Y Be, 4 1! (OF Bay = Az » ~ of t a .sY a Kyroe = 2% +os7 ~ ee tp DE =f. as wen) 4 GH) a) yaw +? = os DF oy hogs oS yeBay = Or8 ek Water Table correction a ost? br Gp coecme + 4M hoy PN hooig y Ruy ave Lomhe- BM 43) 9s & Bes Re a AB ealtay Ry ow we bGu 2 EM Bet TMs hom Kath 7208 Syd Water Table correction © Aerdale Ha _vthmate buamay Capes y ofClictaton joundah om (2-5 K25)~ 00 chen = te [retin fable Wome hese at Aim fromm gro? Sef = Bett =o92 Gebers Cpealy?? > Aegerir er OZ | ® wht a wae beeing Lapruly (f wale oe 5 bre be domed Soft. Bros 16a oh s pare] ete Toes 1962 ensfd US Woay seg-B MIN 1077 Eat Is Beast = ae
1.2m for 25mm Settlement y= 1+033[ 2 < 133Bowles Method Considering the accumulation of field observations and the stated opinions of the authors and others, this author adjusted the Meyerhof equattons for an approximate 50 percent increase in allowable bearing capacity to obtain the following: [B>12m| |1+0.33%<1.33 [p< 12m| 2 T 7 l N_ (B+03) D _N Dy. 2 | 1+0.33=4) Rg, = ——= (140.33) R fe ial B } ‘ BD 0.05 B |” 05D, 25mm settlement Ry = 0.5 IS 6403-1971 " *D+B B + 0.3)? qa = 55.4 (N — af 2B } Ry for 40 mm settlement