NAME: RATING:
GROUP NO.: DATE:
Exercise No. 3
MICROSCOPIC LXAMINATION
OF MICROORGANISMS
IN THE LIVING STATE
Microorganisms are a diverse group that manifest varied morphological
features. Their characteristics can be distinguished through their shape, staining
properties, colony growths, biochemical reactions, and motility, among others
Motility is associated with the organs ‘for locomotion called flagella. Motile
bacteria can be observed when living organisms are examined under the
microscope using the wet mount method or the Hanging drop technique.
‘The wet mount method involves placing a drop of the fluid with the organisms
on a glass slide and covering it with a slip. In the hanging drop technique, a
cover slip with the specimen is inverted over a slide with a concavity at the
center. Both preparations are then examined under the microscope.
True motility should be differentiated from the Brownian movement. True
motility is the independent movement of microorganisms from one place to another
whereas Brownian movement is produced by currents in liquids that cause the
organisms to vibrate and move.
IL. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the exercise, the students shall have:
1. examined motile organisms from pond water or hay infusions;
2. identified some motile organisms from the ‘samples; and
3. differentiated true motility from Brownian movement
Tl. MATERIALS
Water samples from pond/hay infusions Glass slides
Hanging drop slides/depression slides Cover slips
Petroleum jelly Applicator stick
Dropper : Incculating loop
Alcohol lampPROCEDURES
Wet Mount Preparation
1. On a clean glass slide, place a drop of the sample at the center.
2. Place a cover slip and examine under the LPO.
3. Observe the microorganisms and note their movement.
Hanging Drop Technique
1. Place a thin ring of petroleum jelly around the edge of the concavity
of a hanging drop slide:
2. Flame-sterilize an inoculating loop and use it to transfer two loopfuls
of the water sample at the center of a clean cover slip.
3, Invert the hanging drop slide so that the petroleum-ringed concavity
is over the drop of water on the-cover slip. Press the cover slip lightly
to seal the sample.
4. Reinvert quickly so that the water sample hangs suspended from the
cover slip in the concavity of the slide.
5. Do not allow the sample to drop nor touch the bottom of the concavity. If
the water drops, repeat the procedure.
6. Examine under the LPO’and observe the motile organisms, which
usually move a considerable distance.
IV. ILLUSTRATIONS
Organisms observed in:
Wet Mount PreparationHanging Drop Method
V. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ae Se an
1. In the examination of microorganisms in their living state, which is the
better method, the wet mourit or the hanging drop? Why?
2. What are the different motile organisms observed in the sample?
3. Differentiate true motility from Brownian movement.Aside from flagella, what other structures enable mic
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roorganisms to move?
5. What are the basic parts of a flagellum?
eee the four arrangements of flagella in bacteria.
VI. CONCLUSIONS