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Exercise 2 Basic Git Commands

The document outlines basic Git commands for setting up and using a Git repository. It describes initializing a git-test folder as a repository, adding and committing files, checking the commit log, modifying and adding files in new commits, checking out older versions of files, and resetting the repository. The objectives are to learn how to set up a basic Git repository and use common Git commands.

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Le Hoang Giang (K16 HCM)
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10 views

Exercise 2 Basic Git Commands

The document outlines basic Git commands for setting up and using a Git repository. It describes initializing a git-test folder as a repository, adding and committing files, checking the commit log, modifying and adding files in new commits, checking out older versions of files, and resetting the repository. The objectives are to learn how to set up a basic Git repository and use common Git commands.

Uploaded by

Le Hoang Giang (K16 HCM)
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basic Git commands

Objectives and Outcomes

In this exercise you will get familiar with some basic Git commands. At the end of
this exercise you will be able to:

 Set up a folder as a Git repository


 Perform basic Git operations on your Git repository

Basic Git Commands

 At a convenient location on your computer, create a folder named git-test.


 Open this git-test folder in your favorite editor.
 Add a file named index.html to this folder, and add the following HTML code
to this file:

 <!DOCTYPE html>
 <html>
 <head></head>

 <body>
 <h1>This is a Header</h1>
 </body>
 </html>

Initializing the folder as a Git repository

 Go to the git-test folder in your cmd window/terminal and type the following at
the prompt to initialize the folder as a Git repository:

git init

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Checking your Git repository status

 Type the following at the prompt to check your Git repository's status:

git status

Adding files to the staging area

 To add files to the staging area of your Git repository, type:

git add .

Commiting to the Git repository

 To commit the current staging area to your Git repository, type:

git commit -m "first commit"

Checking the log of Git commits

 To check the log of the commits to your Git repository, type

git log --oneline

 Now, modify the index.html file as follows:

 <!DOCTYPE html>
 <html>
 <head></head>

 <body>
 <h1>This is a Header</h1>
 <p>This is a paragraph</p>
 </body>
 </html>
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 Add a sub-folder named templates to your git-test folder, and then add a file
named test.html to the templates folder. Then set the contents of this file to
be the same as the index.html file above.
 Then check the status and add all the files to the staging area.
 Then do the second commit to your repository
 Now, modify the index.html file as follows:

 <!DOCTYPE html>
 <html>
 <head></head>

 <body>
 <h1>This is a Header</h1>
 <p>This is a paragraph</p>
 <p>This is a second paragraph</p>
 </body>
 </html>

 Now add the modified index.html file to the staging area and then do a third
commit.

Checking out a file from an earlier commit

 To check out the index.html from the second commit, find the number of the
second commit using the git log, and then type the following at the prompt:

git checkout <second commit's number> index.html

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Resetting the Git repository

 To discard the effect of the previous operation and restore index.html to its
state at the end of the third commit, type:

git reset HEAD index.html

 Then type the following at the prompt:

git checkout -- index.html

 You can also use git reset to reset the staging area to the last commit without
disturbing the working directory.

Conclusions

At the end of this exercise you should have learnt some basic Git commands.
Experiment with these commands until you fully understand how to use Git.

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