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    11.10.2 Lab - Design and Implement A VLSM Addressing Scheme

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    Mikel Patrick Calma
    The document describes a lab that involves designing and implementing a VLSM addressing scheme for a network topology. Students will examine the network requirements to develop the VLSM scheme, design the addressing plan with subnet masks and addresses for each subnet, and configure the IPv4 addresses on the routers' interfaces based on the plan. The objectives are to learn how to use VLSM to avoid wasting addresses and effectively allocate subnets of various sizes based on host requirements.

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    11.10.2 Lab - Design and Implement A VLSM Addressing Scheme

    Uploaded by

    Mikel Patrick Calma
    2K views8 pages
    The document describes a lab that involves designing and implementing a VLSM addressing scheme for a network topology. Students will examine the network requirements to develop the VLSM scheme, design the addressing plan with subnet masks and addresses for each subnet, and configure the IPv4 addresses on the routers' interfaces based on the plan. The objectives are to learn how to use VLSM to avoid wasting addresses and effectively allocate subnets of various sizes based on host requirements.

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    Design and Implement a VLSM Addressing Scheme

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    11.10.2 Lab - Design and Implement a VLSM Addressing Scheme

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    The document describes a lab that involves designing and implementing a VLSM addressing scheme for a network topology. Students will examine the network requirements to develop the VLSM scheme, design the addressing plan with subnet masks and addresses for each subnet, and configure the IPv4 addresses on the routers' interfaces based on the plan. The objectives are to learn how to use VLSM to avoid wasting addresses and effectively allocate subnets of various sizes based on host requirements.

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    11.10.2 Lab - Design and Implement A VLSM Addressing Scheme

    Uploaded by

    Mikel Patrick Calma
    The document describes a lab that involves designing and implementing a VLSM addressing scheme for a network topology. Students will examine the network requirements to develop the VLSM scheme, design the addressing plan with subnet masks and addresses for each subnet, and configure the IPv4 addresses on the routers' interfaces based on the plan. The objectives are to learn how to use VLSM to avoid wasting addresses and effectively allocate subnets of various sizes based on host requirements.

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    Lab - Design and Implement a VLSM Addressing Scheme

    Topology

    Objectives
    Part 1: Examine Network Requirements
    Part 2: Design the VLSM Address Scheme
    Part 3: Cable and Configure the IPv4 Network

    Background / Scenario
    Variable Length Subnet Mask (VLSM) was designed to avoid wasting IP addresses. With VLSM, a network is
    subnetted and then re-subnetted. This process can be repeated multiple times to create subnets of various
    sizes based on the number of hosts required in each subnet. Effective use of VLSM requires address
    planning.
    In this lab, use the 192.168.33.128/25 network address to develop an address scheme for the network
    displayed in the topology diagram. VLSM is used to meet the IPv4 addressing requirements. After you have
    designed the VLSM address scheme, you will configure the interfaces on the routers with the appropriate IP
    address information. The future LANS at BR2 will need to have addresses allocated, but no interfaces will be
    configured at this time.
    Note: The routers used with CCNA hands-on labs are Cisco 4221 with Cisco IOS XE Release 16.9.4
    (universalk9 image). The switches used in the labs are Cisco Catalyst 2960s with Cisco IOS Release 15.2(2)
    (lanbasek9 image). Other routers, switches, and Cisco IOS versions can be used. Depending on the model
    and Cisco IOS version, the commands available and the output produced might vary from what is shown in
    the labs. Refer to the Router Interface Summary Table at the end of the lab for the correct interface identifiers.
    Note: Make sure that the routers have been erased and have no startup configurations. If you are unsure,
    contact your instructor.

    Required Resources
     2 Routers (Cisco 4221 with Cisco IOS XE Release 16.9.4 universal image or comparable)
     2 Switches (Cisco 2960 with Cisco IOS Release 15.2(2) lanbasek9 image or comparable)
     1 PCs (Windows with terminal emulation program, such as Tera Term)
     Console cables to configure the Cisco IOS devices via the console ports
     Ethernet and serial cables as shown in the topology

     2019 - 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 1 of 8 www.netacad.com
    Lab - Design and Implement a VLSM Addressing Scheme

     Windows Calculator (optional)

    Instructions

    Part 1: Examine Network Requirements


    In Part 1, you will examine the network requirements to develop a VLSM address scheme for the network
    displayed in the topology diagram using the 192.168.33.128/25 network address.
    Note: You can use the Windows Calculator application and search the internet for an IP subnet calculator to
    help with your calculations.

    Step 1: Determine how many host addresses and subnets are available.
    Questions:

    How many host addresses are available in a /25 network?


    128 – 2 = 126 usable hosts.
    What is the total number of host addresses needed in the topology diagram?
    80 is for the usable host addresses and 6 for the network and broadcast addresses of the 3 subnets
    for a total of 86 IP address.
    How many subnets are needed in the network topology?
    3 subnets

    Step 2: Determine the largest subnet.


    Questions:

    What is the subnet description (e.g. BR1 LAN or BR1-BR2 link)?


    BR1 LAN
    How many IP addresses are required in the largest subnet?
    42
    What subnet mask can support that many host addresses?
    255.255.255.192
    How many total host addresses can that subnet mask support?
    62 – 2 = 60 usable host
    Can you subnet the 192.168.33.128/25 network address to support this subnet?
    Yes
    What are the network addresses that would result from this subnetting?
    192.168.33.128/26
    Use the first network address for this subnet.
    192.168.33.129

    Step 3: Determine the second largest subnet.


    Questions:

    What is the subnet description?


    BR2 LAN
    How many IP addresses are required for the second largest subnet?
    25 for the usable hosts and 2 for the network and broadcast address for a total of 27 IP addresses.

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    Lab - Design and Implement a VLSM Addressing Scheme

    What subnet mask can support that many host addresses?


    255.255.255.224
    How many total host addresses can that subnet mask support?
    32 – 2 = 30 usable host addresses
    Can you subnet the remaining subnet again and still support this subnet?
    Yes
    What are the network addresses that would result from this subnetting?
    192.168.33.192/27
    Use the first network address for this subnet.
    192.168.33.193

    Step 4: Determine the third largest subnet.


    Questions:

    What is the subnet description?


    BR2 FUTURE LAN
    How many IP addresses are required for the next largest subnet?
    15 IP addresses
    What subnet mask can support that many host addresses?
    255.255.255.240
    How many total host addresses can that subnet mask support?
    16-2 = 14 usable host addresses
    Can you subnet the remaining subnet again and still support this subnet?
    Yes
    What are the network addresses that would result from this subnetting?
    192.168.33.224/28
    Use the first network address for this subnet.
    192.168.33.225
    Use the second network address for the CCTV LAN.
    192.168.33.226
    Use the third network address for the HVAC C2 LAN.
    192.168.33.227

    Step 5: Determine the fourth largest subnet.


    Questions:

    What is the subnet description?


    BR1-BR2 LINK
    How many IP addresses are required for the next largest subnet?
    4 IP addresses = 2 usable and 2 for network and broadcast address
    What subnet mask can support that many host addresses?
    255.255.255.252

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    Lab - Design and Implement a VLSM Addressing Scheme

    How many total host addresses can that subnet mask support?
    4-2 = 2 usable host addresses
    Can you subnet the remaining subnet again and still support this subnet?
    Yes
    What are the network addresses that would result from this subnetting?
    192.168.33.240/30
    Use the first network address for this subnet.
    192.168.33.241

    Part 2: Design the VLSM Address Scheme


    Step 1: Calculate the subnet information.
    Use the information that you obtained in Part 1 to fill in the following table.

    Number of Network First Host Broadcast


    Subnet Description Hosts Needed Address /CIDR Address Address

    BR1 LAN 40 /26 192.168.33.129 192.168.33.191


    BR2 LAN 25 /27 192.168.33.193 192.168.33.223
    BR2 IoT LAN 5 /28 192.168.33.225 192.168.33.239
    BR2 CCTV LAN 4 /28 192.168.33.225 192.168.33.239
    BR2 HVAC C2LAN 4 /28 192.168.33.225 192.168.33.239
    BR1-BR2 Link 2 /30 192.168.33.241 192.168.33.243

    Step 2: Complete the device interface address table.


    Assign the first host address in the subnet to the Ethernet interfaces. BR1 should be assigned the first host
    address in the BR1-BR2 Link.

    Device Interface IP Address Subnet Mask Device Interface

    BR1 G0/0/0 192.168.33.249 255.255.255.252 BR1-BR2 Link


    BR1
    G0/0/1 192.168.33.129 255.255.255.192 40 Host LAN
    BR2 G0/0/0 192.168.33.250 255.255.255.252 BR1-BR2 Link

    BR2
    G0/0/1 192.168.33.193 255.255.255.224 25 Host LAN

    Part 3: Cable and Configure the IPv4 Network


    In Part 3, you will cable the network to match the topology and configure the three routers using the VLSM
    address scheme that you developed in Part 2.

    Step 1: Cable the network as shown in the topology.

    Step 2: Configure basic settings on each router.


    Open a configuration window

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    Lab - Design and Implement a VLSM Addressing Scheme

    a. Assign the device name to the routers.


    b. Disable DNS lookup to prevent the routers from attempting to translate incorrectly entered commands as
    though they were hostnames.
    c. Assign class as the privileged EXEC encrypted password for both routers.
    d. Assign cisco as the console password and enable login for the routers.
    e. Assign cisco as the VTY password and enable login for the routers.
    f. Encrypt the plaintext passwords for the routers.
    g. Create a banner that will warn anyone accessing the device that unauthorized access is prohibited on
    both routers.

    Step 3: Configure the interfaces on each router.


    R1 IP CONFIG

    R2 IP CONFIG

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    Lab - Design and Implement a VLSM Addressing Scheme

    Step 4: Save the configuration on all devices.

    Step 5: Test Connectivity.

    R1 IP ROUTE

    R2 IP ROUTE

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    Lab - Design and Implement a VLSM Addressing Scheme

    S1 PING TO BR1 LAN

    S1 PING TO BR1-BR2 LINK

    S1 PING TO BR2 LAN

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    Lab - Design and Implement a VLSM Addressing Scheme

    Reflection Question
    Can you think of a shortcut for calculating the network addresses of consecutive /30 subnets?
    /30 subnets are divisible by 4 you must divide the address by 4 to get the network address if you
    can’t divide it means you are not on the network address example, .240 can be divided by 40
    so .240 is a network address in /30.

    Router Interface Summary Table


    Router Model Ethernet Interface #1 Ethernet Interface #2 Serial Interface #1 Serial Interface #2

    Fast Ethernet 0/0 Fast Ethernet 0/1


    1800 (F0/0) (F0/1) Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1)
    Gigabit Ethernet 0/0 Gigabit Ethernet 0/1
    1900 (G0/0) (G0/1) Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1)
    Fast Ethernet 0/0 Fast Ethernet 0/1
    2801 (F0/0) (F0/1) Serial 0/1/0 (S0/1/0) Serial 0/1/1 (S0/1/1)
    Fast Ethernet 0/0 Fast Ethernet 0/1
    2811 (F0/0) (F0/1) Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1)
    Gigabit Ethernet 0/0 Gigabit Ethernet 0/1
    2900 (G0/0) (G0/1) Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1)
    Gigabit Ethernet 0/0/0 Gigabit Ethernet 0/0/1
    4221 (G0/0/0) (G0/0/1) Serial 0/1/0 (S0/1/0) Serial 0/1/1 (S0/1/1)
    Gigabit Ethernet 0/0/0 Gigabit Ethernet 0/0/1
    4300 (G0/0/0) (G0/0/1) Serial 0/1/0 (S0/1/0) Serial 0/1/1 (S0/1/1)

    Note: To find out how the router is configured, look at the interfaces to identify the type of router and how many
    interfaces the router has. There is no way to effectively list all the combinations of configurations for each router
    class. This table includes identifiers for the possible combinations of Ethernet and Serial interfaces in the device.
    The table does not include any other type of interface, even though a specific router may contain one. An example
    of this might be an ISDN BRI interface. The string in parenthesis is the legal abbreviation that can be used in
    Cisco IOS commands to represent the interface.
    End of document

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