ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS :

Q1. Define the following terms:

Celestial Bodies=All the objects that we see in the sky are called celestial bodies or heavenly bodies. They include stars, planets,
satellites, asteroids, meteoroids and comets.

Milky way=The galaxy to which our solar system belongs is called Akash Ganga or Milky Way.

c) Constellations=If you look at the night sky closely you can see clusters of stars. These groups are called constellations. For
example Ursa Major or Great Bear.

d) Planets=The word planet is derived from a Greek word meaning wanderer. Planets are so named because they revolve
around the sun.

e) Orbit=The sun is at the centre of the solar system and is also its largest member. It has a huge mass, which gives it a very
powerful force of gravity. This force holds the earth and other planets in their fixed paths called orbits.

f) Satellite=Satellite are small heavenly bodies which revolve around the planets.

As the planets revolve around the sun , their satellites also accompany them in their revolution. Like planets, satellites also do
not have any heat or light of their own. They shine by reflecting the light from the sun.

g) Comet=Comets are glowing heavenly bodies revolving around the sun in elongated orbits. They are mostly made up of dust,
ice particles and gases. Most comets have a head, a nucleus and a tail. When they approach the sun, the gases get heated up
and start glowing.

h) Asteroids=It has been discovered that there are several small celestial bodies similar to planets which revolve around the sun
in their own elliptical orbits. These celestial bodies are called planetoids or asteroids and their orbits lie between the orbits of
Mars and Jupiter.

i) Meteoroids=Meteoroids are small pieces of rocks which revolve around the sun. Some of these particles enter the earth's
atmosphere with great velocity. Due to friction with the atmosphere, they get heated up and start glowing.
Q2. How was the Universe formed ? Explain in detail.

A-Most astronomers believe that the formation of the Universe started about 15 billion years ago, with the gigantic explosion
of a cosmic egg- the Big Bang. Due to this explosion atoms and latter molecules were formed. These molecules came together
and formed giant clouds of gases and dust particles called nebulae. Each nebula had its own gravity and a spinning motion.
Within the nebula, the atoms were attracted to one another and in the process collided with each other at a tremendous
speed. This gave out an enormous amount of heat which resulted in the birth of glowing bodies such as the stars. Our sun,
which is a star, was born about 4.6 billion years ago. Millions of stars together make a galaxy. Several million galaxies make up
a universe. This was how the universe was formed.

Q3. Name the celestial bodies of the solar system.

Stars

Planets

Satellite

Asteroids

Meteoroids

Comets
Q4.Describe the characteristics of:

MERCURY VENUS EARTH MARS

Mercury is known as the Venus is the brightest object Earth is known as the inner Mars has a reddish
inner planet. As it are made in the sky after the sun and planet. As they are made up appearance and is referred
up rocks, they are also called moon. It is often called the of rocks, they are also called to as the red planet. Mars is
terrestrial planet morning star when it is seen terrestrial planets. The earth an inner planet as it is made
in the sky before sunrise and is the fifth largest planet and up of rocks, they are also
evening star when it is seen the third nearest to the sun.It called Terrestrial planets.
in the sky after sunset. is spherical in shape slightly
flattened at the poles and
bulging at the equator. This
shape is described as
geoid.Earth is the only planet
in the solar system where life
is known to exist. It is neither
too hot nor too cold.

JUPITER SATURN URANUS NEPTUNE

Jupiter is an outer planet. We Saturn is the sixth planet Uranus is an outer planet.
also call it a gas giant as it is from the sun and it has rings We also call it gas giant as it
made up of gases, with very around it. is made up of gases, with
small Rocky cores. It also has very small Rocky cores and it
rings around it is an ice planet. It comes on
the seventh position in solar
system

Q5. Differentiate between:

STARS PLANETS

They produce their own heat and light They Shine by reflecting the light received from the Sun

They are huge in size 2) They are comparatively smaller in size

The sun is about 150 million kilometer away from the It is situated at a distance of about 384400 kilometer
Earth from the Earth

light from the sun takes about 8 minutes to reach us 2) Its light reaches us in about 1.25 seconds

ROTATION  REVOLUTION

Rotation of the Earth is its turning on its axis Revolution is the movement of earth around the sun

The earth takes 24 hours to complete a rotation 2) The earth takes a full year for one complete
with respect to sun revolution around the sun
Q6. What makes the Earth a unique planet of the Solar System? 3 points

A-Our Earth is a unique planet because it is the only planet in the solar system where life is known to exist. This is because the
earth has all the favourable conditions required for the existence of life. They are moderate temperature,suitable atmosphere
and presence of water.

Q7. a) Draw/ Paste a picture of the Solar System.( DO NOT DRAW ALL PLANETS ON THE SAME LINE )

b) Draw a picture of any one constellation you have observed in the sky.
Q8 Describe all the favorable conditions on the earth?

A-1) Moderate temperature= the earth is neither too far from the sun nor to close to it. It is neither to hot planet like venues
nor to cold planet like Neptune. The moderate temperature conditions on earth are favorable for plants and animal life.

2) Suitable temperature= the earth is surrounded by a blanket of air called atmosphere. Our atmosphere has gases such as
nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and ozone all of which are necessary for plant and animal life.

3) Presence of water= the atmosphere conditions on the earth are such that there is the existence of a water in the liquid form
is available continuously for all living beings. In fact the earth looks blue in colour from outer space because about two third of
its surface is covered with water and that is why it is referred to as the blue planet