0% found this document useful (0 votes)

276 views230 pages

GATE Civil Engineering

Uploaded by

Pyae Phyo Wai

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

0% found this document useful (0 votes)

276 views230 pages

GATE Civil Engineering

Uploaded by

Pyae Phyo Wai

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

You are on page 1/ 230

GATE-2011

Question Paper
&
Answer Keys
.
GATE-2011

Index
1. Question Paper Analysis
2. Question Paper & Answer keys

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com

.
GATE-2011

ANALYSIS OF GATE 2011

Civil Engineering

Geomatics Engineering
Engineering Mathematics Solid Mechanics
3% General Aptitude 13% Structural
3%
15% Analysis
Transportation Reinforced Cement 4%
Engineering Concrete
9% 7%

Environmental
Engineering
11%
Geotechnical Steel
Hydrology & Engineering Structures
Irrigation 16% 5%
11%

Fluid Mechanics
3%

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com

.
GATE-2011 CE

GATE-2011- CE
NO OF Total
SUBJECT Topics Asked in Paper
QUESTION Marks
Linear Algebra, Numerical Methods
Engineering 1 M: 3
Probability and Distribution, Complex Variables 13
Mathematics 2 M: 5
Calculus, Differential Equations
1 M: 1 Shear Force and Bending Moment
Solid Mechanics 3
2 M: 1 Torsion
1 M: 0
Structural Analysis Slope and Deflection Method 4
2 M: 2
Basic of Mix Design
Reinforced Cement 1 M: 3
Concrete Technology 7
Concrete 2 M: 2
Analysis of Ultimate Load Capacity
1 M:1 Welded Connections, Plastic Analysis
Steel Structures 5
2 M:2 Beams
Index Properties and Soil Classification
Geotechnical 1 M: 6 Permeability and Seepage, Bearing Capacity
16
Engineering 2 M: 5 Shear Strength, Stress Analysis, Pile Foundation
Consolidation, Shear Strength
1 M: 1 Fluid Statics
Fluid Mechanics 3
2 M: 1 Flow Through Pipes
Hydrology & 1 M: 3 Hydrology
11
Irrigation 2 M: 4 Open Channel Flow
Water Supply and its Treatment
Environmental 1 M: 3 Quality Standards of Water
11
Engineering 2 M: 4 Air Pollution and Noise Pollution
Sludge Disposal
Traffic Characteristics
Geometric Design of Highway
Transportation 1 M: 3 Testing and Specifications of Paving Materials
9
Engineering 2 M: 3 Traffic Characteristics
Geometric Design of Highway
Intersection Design
Geomatics 1 M: 1 Leveling
3
Engineering 2 M: 1 Theodolite & Traversing
1 M: 5 Numerical Ability
General Aptitude 15
2 M: 5 Verbal Ability
Total 65 100

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 3

.
GATE-2011 CE

GATE 2011 Examination

Civil Engineering

Q.1 to Q. 25 carries one mark each.

1. [A] is square matrix which is neither symmetric nor skew-symmetric and is its transpose.
The sum and difference of these matrices are defined as
[S] = [A] + and [D] = [A] , respectively. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
(A) Both [S] and [D] are symmetric
(B) Both [S] and [D] are skew-symmetric
(C) [S] is skew-symmetric and [D] is symmetric
(D) [S] is symmetric and [D] is skew symmetric
[Ans. D]

2. The square root of a number N is to be obtained by applying the Newton Raphson iterations to
the equation x If i denotes the iteration index, the correct iteration scheme will be
( )x (x ) ( )x (x )
x x
( )x (x ) ( )x (x )
x x
[Ans. A]

3. There are two containers with one containing 4 red and 3 green balls and the other containing
3 blue and 4 green balls. One ball is drawn at random from each container. The probability that
one of the balls is red and the other is blue will be
(A) 1/7 (C) 12/49
(B) 9/49 (D) 3/7
[Ans. C]

4. For the fillet weld of size ‘s’ shown in the adjoining figure the effective throat thickness is

Fillet weld

(A) 0.61s (C) 0.70s

(B) 0.65s (D) 0.75s
[Ans. B]

5. AA 16mm thick plate measuring 650 mm × 420 mm is used as a base plate for an ISHB 300
column subjected to a factored axial compressive load of k As per IS: 456:2000, the
minimum grade of concrete that should be used below the base plate for safely carrying load is
(A) M 15 (C) M 30
(B) M 20 (D) M 40
[Ans. B]
: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 4
.
GATE-2011 CE

6. Consider a reinforcing bar embedded in concrete. In a marine environment this bar undergoes
uniform corrosion, which leads to deposition of corrosion products on its surface and an
increase in apparent volume of the bar. This subjects the surrounding concrete to expansive
pressure. As a result, corrosion cracks appear at surface of concrete. Which of the following
statement is true?
(A) Corrosion causes circumferential tensile stress in concrete and the cracks will be parallel
to corroded reinforcing bar.
(B) Corrosion causes radial tensile stresses in concrete and cracks will be parallel to corroded
reinforcing bar.
(C) Corrosion causes circumferential tensile stresses in concrete and cracks will be
perpendicular to the direction corroded reinforcing bar.
(D) Corrosion causes radial tensile stresses in concrete and cracks will be perpendicular to
direction of the corroded reinforcing bar.
[Ans. C]

7. The results for sieve analysis carried out for three types of sand, P, Q and R, are given in the
adjoining figure. If the fineness modulus values of the three sands are given as FMP, FMQ and
FMR it can be stated that
P
Percentage passing

Q
R

Sieve size
(A) FMQ = √F F (C) FMP> FMQ> FMR
(B) FMQ = 0.5 (FMP + FMR) (D) FMP< FMQ< FMR
[Ans. A]

8. The cross-section of a thermo-mechanically treated (TMT) reinforcing bar has

(A) Soft ferrite-pearlite throughout.
(B) Hard martensite throughout
(C) A soft ferrite-pearlite core with a hard martensitic rim.
(D) A hard martensitic core with a soft pearlite-bainitic rim.
[Ans. C]

9. Consider a simply supported beam with a uniformly distributed load having a neutral axis
(NA) as shown. For points P (on the neutral axis) and Q (at the bottom of the beam) the state
of stress is best represented by which of the following pairs?

P
NA

L L

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 5

.
GATE-2011

(A) (C)
P Q P Q

(B) (D)
P Q
P Q

[Ans. *]

10. For a saturated sand deposit, the void ratio and the specific gravity of solids are 0.70 and 2.67,
respectively. The critical (upward) hydraulic gradient for the deposit would be
(A) 0.54 (C) 1.02
(B) 0.98 (D) 1.87
[Ans. B]

11. Likelihood of general shear failure for an isolated footing in sand decreases with
(A) Decreasing footing depth
(B) Decreasing inter-granular packing of the sand
(C) Increasing footing width
(D) Decreasing soil grain compressibility
[Ans. B]

12. For a sample of dry, cohesionless soil with friction angle, , the failure plane will be inclined to
the major principal plane by an angle equal to
(A) (C) ⁄
(B) 45° (D) ⁄
[Ans. D]

13. Two geometrically identical isolated footings, X (linear elastic) and Y (rigid), are loaded
identically (shown below). The soil reaction will
Uniform pressure Uniform pressure

Footing X: Linear elastic Footing Y: Rigid

Isotropic linear Isotropic linear

elastic soil elastic soil

(A) Be uniformly distributed for Y but not for X

(B) Be uniformly distributed for X but not for Y
(C) Be uniformly distributed for both X and Y
(D) Not be uniformly distributed for both X and Y
[Ans. A]

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com

.
GATE-2011 CE

14. A soil is composed of solid spherical grains of identical specific gravity and diameter between
0.075mm and 0.0075mm. If the terminal velocity of the largest particle falling through water
without flocculation is 0.5 mm/s, that for the smallest particle would be
(E) 0.005 mm/s (G) 5 mm/s
(F) 0.05 mm/s (H) 50 mm/s
[Ans. A]

15. A watershed got transformed from rural to urban over a period of time. The effect of
urbanization on storm runoff hydrograph from the watershed is to
(A) Decrease the volume of runoff
(B) Increase the time to peak discharge
(C) Decrease the time base
(D) Decrease the peak discharge
[Ans. C]

16. AFor given discharge, the critical flow depth in an open channel depends on
(A) Channel geometry only
(B) Channel geometry and bed slope
(C) Channel geometry, bed slope and roughness
(D) Channel geometry, bed slope, roughness and Reynolds number
[Ans. A]

17. For a body completely submerged in a fluid, the centre of gravity (G) and centre of Buoyancy
(O) are known. The body is considered to be in stable equilibrium is
(A) O does not coincide with the centre of mass of the displaced fluid
(B) G coincides with the centre of mass of the displaced fluid
(C) O lies below G
(D) O lies above G
[Ans. D]

18. The flow in a horizontal, frictionless rectangular open channel is supercritical. A smooth hump
is built on the channel floor. As the height of hump is increased, choked condition is attained.
With further increase in the height of the hump, the water surface will
(A) Rise at a section upstream of the hump
(B) Drop at a section upstream of the hump
(C) Drop at the hump
(D) Rise at the hump
[Ans. B]

19. Consider the following unit processes commonly used in water treatment; rapid mixing (RM),
flocculation (F), primary sedimentation (PS), secondary sedimentation (SS), chlorination (C)
and rapid sand filtration (RSF). The order of these unit processes (first to last) in a
conventional water treatment plant is
(A) P → R F → F → R → → (C) P → F → → R F → R →
(B) P → F → R → R F → → (D) P → R → F → → R F →
[Ans. D]

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 7

.
GATE-2011 CE

20. Anaerobically treated effluent has MPN of total coliform as 106/100mL. After chlorination, the
MPN value declines to /100mL. The percent removal (%R) and log removal (log R) of total
coliform MPN is
(A) (%R) = 99.90; log R = 4 (C) (%R) = 99.99; log R = 4
(B) (%R) = 99.90; log R = 2 (D) (%R) = 99.99; log R = 2
[Ans. C]

21. Consider four common air pollutants found in urban environment, Soot and .
Among these which one is the secondary air pollutant?
(A) (C)
(B) (D) oot
[Ans. A]

22. The probability that k number of vehicles arrive (i.e. cross a predefined line) in time t is given
as ( t) e k where is the average vehicle arrival rate. What is the probability that the time
headway is greater than or equal to time t
(A) e (C) e
(B) e (D) e
[Ans. D]

23. A vehicle negotiates a transition curve with uniform speed v. If the radius of the horizontal
curve and the allowable jerk are R and J, respectively, the minimum length of the transition
curve is
(A) R ⁄(v ) (C) v R⁄
(B) ⁄(Rv) (D) v ⁄(R )
[Ans. D]

24. In marshal testing of bituminous mixes, as the bitumen content increases the flow value
(A) Remains constant (C) Increase monotonically
(B) Decreases first and then increases (D) Increases first and then decreases
[Ans. C ]

25. Curvature correction to a staff reading in a differential leveling survey is

(A) Always subtractive (C) Always additive
(B) Always zero (D) Dependent on latitude
[Ans. D]

Q.26 - Q.55 Carry Two Mark each.

26. For an analytic function, f(x + iy) = u(x, y)+iv(x, y), u is given by u = 3x 3y . The
expression for v considering K to be a constant is
(A) 3y 3x k (C) 6x 6y k
(B) 6y – 6x + k (D) 6xy k
[Ans. D]

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 8

.
GATE-2011 CE

27. What should be the value of such that the function defined below is continuous at x π ?
if x π
f(x)={
if x π
(A) 0 (C) 1
(B) π (D) π
[Ans. C]

28. What is the value of the definite integral

√x
∫ dx
√x √a x
(A) 0 (C) a
(B) a/2 (D) 2a
[Ans. B]

29. ⃗ are two arbitrary vectors with magnitudes a and b respectively. |a⃗
If a⃗ and b ⃗ | will be
b
equal to
(A) a b – (a⃗ b ⃗) ⃗)
(C) a b + (a⃗ b
(B) ab a⃗ b ⃗ ⃗
(D) ab + a⃗ b
[Ans. A]

30. The solution of the differential equation + = x, with the condition that y = 1 at x = 1, is
(A) y = + (C) y = +
(B) y = + (D) y = +
[Ans. D]

31. The value of W that results in the collapse of the beam shown in the adjoining figure and
having a plastic moment capacity of is
W
Fixed Hinge

7m 3m

(A) (4/21) (C) (7/21)

(B) (3/10) (D) (13/21)
[Ans. D]

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 9

.
GATE-2011 CE

32. For the cantilever bracket, PQRS, loaded as shown in the adjoining figure (P R and
R ) which of the following statements is FALSE?

S
Fixed R

P 2L

Q
W
L
(A) The portion RS has a constant twisting moment with a value of 2WL
(B) The portion QR has a varying twisting moment with a maximum value of WL
(C) The portion PQ has a varying bending moment with a maximum value of WL
(D) The portion PQ has no twisting moment
[Ans. B]

33. Consider a bar of diameter D embedded in a large concrete block as shown in the adjoining
figure, with a pull out force P being applied. Let and be the bond strength (between the
bar and concrete) and the tensile strength of the bar, respectively. If the block is held in
position and it is assumed that the material of block does not fail, which of the following
options represents the maximum value of P?
Concrete
block

Embedded
Steel bar
L

P
π π
( ) aximum of ( ) and (π st) ( ) inimum of ( ) and (π )
π π
( ) aximum of ( ) and (π b) ( ) inimum of ( ) and (π )
[Ans. C]

34. Consider two RCC beams, P and Q, each having the section 400 mm × 750 mm (effective depth,
d = 750 mm) Made with concrete having a = 2.1 N/mm2. For the reinforcement
provided and the grade of concrete used, it may be assumed that the = 0.75 N/mm2. The
design shear in beam P is k and in beam Q is k . Considering the provisions of
IS:456-2000, which of the following statements is true?

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 10

.
GATE-2011 CE

(A) Shear reinforcement should be designed for 175 kN for beam P and the section for beam Q
should be revised.
(B) Nominal shear reinforcement is required for beam P & shear reinforcement should be
designed for 120kN for beam Q
(C) Shear reinforcement should be designed for 175kN for beam P and shear reinforcement
should be designed for 525 kN for beam Q
(D) The sections for both beams P & Q need to be revised.
[Ans. A]

35. The adjoining figure shows a schematic representation of a steel plate girder to be used as a
simply supported beam with a concentrated load. For stiffeners, PQ (running along the beam
axis) and RS (running between the top and bottom flanges) which of the following pairs of
statements will be TRUE?

R
P Q
S

L
(A) (i) RS should be provided under the concentrated load only
(ii) PQ should be placed in the tension side of the flange
(B) (i) RS helps to prevent local buckling of the web
(ii) PQ should be placed in the compression side of the flange.
(C) (i) RS should be provided at supports
(ii) PQ should be placed along the neutral axis
(D) (i) RS should be provided away from points of action of concentrated loads
(ii) PQ should be provided on the compression side of the flange
[Ans. B]

36. A singly under-reamed, 8-m long, RCC pile (shown in the adjoining figure) weighing 20 kN with
350 mm shaft diameter and 750 mm under-ream diameter is installed within stiff, saturated silty
clay (undrained shear strength is 50 kPa, adhesion factor is 0.3, and the applicable bearing
capacity factor is 9) to counteract the impact of soil swelling on a structure constructed above.
Neglecting suction and the contribution of the under-ream to the adhesive shaft capacity, what
would be the estimated ultimate tensile capacity (rounded off to the nearest integer value of kN)
of the pile?

8000
mm

400 mm

350 mm
750 mm

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 11

.
GATE-2011 CE

(A) 132 kN (C) 287 kN

(B) 156 kN (D) 301 kN
[Ans. B]

37. Identical surcharges are placed at ground surface at sites X and Y, with soil conditions shown
alongside and water table at ground surface. The silty clay layers at X and Y are identical. The
thin sand layer at Y is continuous and free-draining with a very large discharge capacity. If
primary consolidation at X is estimated to complete in 36 months, what would be the
corresponding time of completion of primary consolidation at Y?
Site X Uniform Site Y
surcharge

Ground
Water surface Water
Table Table

Isotropic
5m saturated
silty clay

Isotropic
saturated Thin
silty clay 10 m sand
layer

5m Isotropic
saturated
silty clay

Bedrock Bedrock

(A) 2.25 months (C) 9 months

(B) 4.5 months (D) 36 months
[Ans. C]

38. A field vane testing instrument (shown alongside) was inserted completely into a deposit of
soft, saturated silty clay with the vane rod vertical such that the top of the blades were mm
below the ground surface. Upon application of a rapidly increasing torque about the vane rod,
the soil was found to fail when the torque reached 4.6 Nm. Assuming mobilization of
undrained shear strength on all failure surfaces to be uniform and the resistance mobilized on
the surface of the vane rod to be negligible, what would be the peak undrained shear strength
(rounded off to the nearest integer value of kPa) of the soil?
Torque
Top view (plan)

Vane
rod
Vane
Torque
blade
Vane rod

15 mm 100 mm

Elevation 50 mm

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 12

.
GATE-2011 CE

(A) 5 kPa (C) 15 kPa

(B) 10 kPa (D) 20 kPa
[Ans. B]

39. A single pipe of length 1500 m and diameter 60 cm connect two reservoirs having a difference
of 20m in their water levels. The pipe is to be replaced by two pipes of the same length and
equal diameter ‘d’ to convey % more discharge under the same head loss. If the friction
factor is assumed to be the same for all the pipes the value of ‘d’ is approximately equal to
which of the following options ?
(A) 37.5 cm (C) 45.0 cm
(B) 40.0 cm (D) 50.0 cm
[Ans. D]

40. A spill way discharges flood flow at a rate of 9m /s per metre width. If the depth of flow on the
horizontal apron at the toe of the spillway is 46 cm, the tail water depth needed to form a
hydraulic jump is approximately given by which of the following options?
(A) 2.54 m (C) 5.77 m
(B) 4.90 m (D) 6.23 m
[Ans. C]

41. In an aquifer extending over 150 hectare, the water table was 20 m below ground level. Over a
period of time the water table dropped to 23 m below the ground level. If the porosity of
aquifer is 0.40 and the specific retention is 0.15, what is the change in ground water storage of
aquifer?
(A) 67.5 ha.m (C) 180 ha.m
(B) 112.5 ha.m (D) 450 ha.m
[Ans. B]

42. Total suspended particulate matter (TSP) concentration in ambient air is to be measured using
a high volume sampler. The filter used for this purpose had an initial dry weight of 9.787 g.
The filter was mounted in the sampler and the initial air flow rate through the filter was set at
1.5 m3/min. Sampling continued for 24 hours. The airflow after 24 hours was measured to be
1.4 m3/min. The dry, weight of the filter paper after 24 hour sampling was 10.283 g. Assuming
a linear decline in the air flow rate during sampling, what is the 24 hour average TSP
concentration in the ambient. Air?
(A) μg m3. (C) 3 μg m3.
(B) 8 6 μg m .
3 (D) μg m3.
[Ans. C]

43. Chlorine gas (8mg/L as Cl2) was added to a drinking water sample. If the free chlorine residual
and pH was measured to be 2 mg/L (as Cl2) and 7.5, respectively, what is the concentration of
residual OCI – ions in the water? Assume that the chlorine gas added to the water is completely
converted to HOCI and OCI–. Atomic Weight of Cl: 35.5
Given OCI + H+ ⃗⃗⃗ HOCl, K = 107.5
(A) 1.408 × 10–5 moles/L (C) 5.634 × 10–5 moles/L
(B) 2.817 × 10–5 moles/L (D) 1.127 × 10–4 moles/L
[Ans. B]

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 13

.
GATE-2011 CE

44. If the jam density given as k and the free flow speed is given as u the maximum flow for a
linear traffic speed density model is given by which if the following options?
3
( ) k u ( ) k u

( ) k u ( ) k u
3 3
[Ans. A]

45. If v is the initial speed of a vehicle, g is the gravitational acceleration, G is the upward
longitudinal slope of the road and f is the coefficient of rolling friction during braking, the
braking distance (measured horizontally) for the vehicle to stop is
v vg
( ) ( )
g( f) ( f)
v vf
( ) ( )
g( f) ( g)
[Ans. B]

46. The observations from a closed loop traverse around an obstacle are

Observation from
Segment Length (m) Azimuth (clockwise from magnetic north)
station

PQ P Missing 33
QR Q 300.00 86 38
RS R 354.524 6 38
ST S 450.000 3 3
TP T 268.000 3
What is the value of the missing measurement (rounded off to the nearest 10 mm)?
(A) 396.86 m (C) 396.05 m
(B) 396.79 m (D) 396.94 m
[Ans. B]

Common Data Questions

Common Data for Questions 48 and 49
A sand layer found at sea floor under 20 m water depth is characterized with relative density =
40%. Maximum void ratio = 1.0, minimum void ratio = 0.5, and specific gravity of soil solids =
2.67. Assume the specific gravity of sea water to be 1.03 and the unit weight of fresh water to
be 9.81 k m
47. What would be the effective stress (rounded off to the nearest integer value of kPa) at 30 m
depth into the sand layer'?
(A) 77 kPa (C) 268 kPa
(B) 273 kPa (D) 281 kPa
[Ans. D]

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 14

.
GATE-2011 CE

48. What would be the change in the effective stress (rounded off to the nearest integer value of kPa)
at 30 m depth into the sand layer if the sea water level permanently rises by 2 m?
(A) 19 kPa (C) 21 kPa
(B) 0 kPa (D) 22 kPa
[Ans. B]

Common Data for Questions 50 and 51

The ordinates of 2-h unit hydrograph at 1 hour intervals starting from time t = 0, are 0, 3, 8, 6,
3, 2 and 0 m /s. Use trapezoidal rule for numerical integration, is required.
49. What is the catchment area represented by the unit hydrograph?
(A) 1.00 km (C) 7.92 km
(B) 2.00 km (D) 8.64 km
[Ans. C]

50. A storm of 6.6 cm occurs uniformly over the catchment in 3 hours. If –index is equal to
2mm/h and base flow is 5 m /s, what is the peak flow due to the storm?
(A) 41.0 m /s (C) 53.0 m /s
(B) 43.4 m /s (D) 56.2 m /s
[Ans. A] (Required confirmation)

Linked Answer Questions

Statement for Linked Answer Questions 52 and 53
A rigid beam is hinged at one end and supported on linear elastic springs (both having a
stiffness of ‘k’) at points ‘ ’ and ‘ ’ and an inclined load acts at ‘ ’ as shown
inge √ P

Fixed
51. Which of the following options represents the deflections and at points ‘ ’ & ‘ ’
P P P P
( ) ( ) and ( ) ( ) ( ) and ( )
k √ k √ k
P P
( ) ( ) and ( ) √ P √ P
k k ( ) ( ) and ( )
k k
[Ans. B]

52. If the load P equals 100 kN, which of the following options represents forces R and R in the
springs at points ‘ ’ and ‘ ’
(A) R k and R k (C) R 3 k and R 6 k
(B) R k and R k (D) R k and R 8 k
[Ans. D]

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 15

.
GATE-2011 CE

Statement for Linked Answer Questions 54 and 55

The sludge from the aeration tank of the activated sludge process (ASP) has solids content (by
weight) of 2%. This sludge is put in a sludge thickener, where sludge volume is reduced to half.
Assume that the amount of solids in the supernatant from the thickener is negligible, the specific
gravity of sludge solids is 2.2 and the density is 1000 kg/m
53. What is the density of the sludge removed from the aeration tank?
(A) 990 kg/m (C) 1011 kg/m
(B) 1000 kg/m (D) 1022 kg/m
[Ans. C]

54. What is the solids content (by weight) of the thickened sludge?
(A) 3.96% (C) 4.04%
(B) 4.00% (D) 4.10%
[Ans. A]

General Aptitude One Marks Question Q. 56 to Q. 60

56. If og (P) ( ⁄ ) og( ) ( ⁄3)
og(R), then which of the following options is TRUE?
(A) P R (C) R P
(B) PR (D) R P
[Ans. B]

57. Which of the following options is the closest in the meaning to the word below:
Inexplicable
(A) Incomprehensible (C) Inextricable
(B) Indelible (D) Infallible
[Ans. A]

58. Choose the word from the options given below that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the
given word:
Amalgamate
(A) merge (C) collect
(B) split (D) separate
[Ans. D]

59. Choose the most appropriate word from the options given below to complete the following
sentence. If you are trying to make a strong impression on your audience, you cannot do so by
being understated, tentative or
(A) hyperbolic (C) argumentative
(B) restrained (D) indifferent
[Ans. B]
60. Choose the most appropriate word(s) from the options given below to complete the following
sentence.
I contemplated Singapore for my vacation but decided against it.
(A) to visit (C) visiting
(B) having to visit (D) for a visit
[Ans. C]

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 16

.
GATE-2011 CE

General Aptitude Two Marks Question Q. 61 to Q. 65

61. P, Q, R and S are four types of dangerous microbes recently found in a human habitat. The area of
each circle with its diameter printed in brackets represents the growth of a single microbe
surviving human immunity system within 24 hours of entering the body. The danger to human
beings varies proportionately with the toxicity, potency and growth attributed to a microbe shown
in the figure
milligrams of microbes required to
destroy half of the body mass in kg

P( mm)

6
Toxicity

( mm)

R(3 mm) ( mm)

6 8
Potency
(Probability that microbe Will overcome human
A pharmaceutical company is immunity) system)
contemplating the development of a vaccine against the most
dangerous microbe. Which microbe should the company target in its first attempt?
(A) P (B) Q (C) R (D) S
[Ans. A]

62. Few school curricula include a unit on how to deal with bereavement and grief, and yet all the
students at some point in their lives suffer from losses through death and parting.
Based on the above passage which topic would not be included in a unit on bereavement?
(A) How to write a letter of condolence
(B) What emotional stages are passed through in the healing process
(C) What the leading causes of death are
(D) How to give support to a grieving friend
[Ans. C]

63. A container originally contains 10 litres of pure spirit. From this container 1 litre of spirit is
replaced with 1 litre of water. Subsequently, 1 litre of the mixture is again replaced with 1 litre
of water and this process is repeated one more time. How much spirit is now left in the
container?
(A) 7.58 litres (C) 7 litres
(B) 7.84 litres (D) 7.29 litres
[Ans. D]

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 17

.
GATE-2011 CE

64. A transporter receives the same number of orders each day. Currently, he has some pending
orders (backlog) to be shipped. If he uses 7 trucks, then at the end of the 4th day he can clear
all the order. Alternatively, if he uses only 3 trucks, then all the orders are cleared at the end of
the 10th day. What is the minimum number of trucks required so that there will be no pending
order at the end of the 5th day?
(A) 4 (C) 6
(B) 5 (D) 7
[Ans. C]

65. The variable cost (V) of manufacturing a product varies according to the equation V= 4q,
where q is the quantity produced. The fixed cost (F) of production of same product reduces
with q according to the equation F = 100/q. How many units should be produced to minimize
the total cost (V+F)?
(A) 5 (C) 7
(B) 4 (D) 6
[Ans. B]

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 18

ME-

CE-Set-1

ANALYSIS OF GATE 2019

Civil Engineering

Engineering Engineering
General Aptitude Mathematics Mechanics Solid Mechanics
15% 10% 1% 4%
Fluid Mechanics
Open channel Flow 5%
Transportation
3% Construction Material
Engineering
8% and Management
2%

Environmental
Engineering
Structural Analysis 10%
4%
Steel Structures
7% Geomatics
Reinforced Cement Engineering
Concrete 7%
2% Irrigation and
Hydrology Geotechnical
5% Engineering
17%

Don’t Wait! Know Your GATE Rank with GATE Rank Predictor. Predict Now, http://bit.ly/grp2019
: 080-4061 1000,  [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com

1
ME-

CE-Set-1

CE ANALYSIS-2019_Feb-10_Morning

Level of Total
SUBJECT No. of Ques. Topics Asked in Paper(Memory Based)
Ques. Marks
Engineering 1 Marks: 2
Calculus, Differential equations Moderate 10
Mathematics 2 Marks: 4
Engineering 1 Marks: 1
Trusses and frames Easy 1
Mechanics 2 Marks: 0
1 Marks: 1
Fluid Mechanics Boundary layer Moderate 5
2 Marks: 2
1 Marks: 2
Solid Mechanics Simple stress and strain Moderate 4
2 Marks: 1
Construction 1 Marks: 0
Material and 2 Marks: 1 Building materials Easy 2
Management
Environmental 1 Marks: 2 Filtration, Disinfection, Air pollution,
Tough 10
Engineering 2 Marks: 4 Sedimentation( Stokes law)
Geomatics 1 Marks:1 Levelling, Curve, Triangulation survey,
Moderate 7
Engineering 2 Marks: 3 Chain survey
Geotechnical 1 Marks: 5
Bearing Capacity Tough 17
Engineering 2 Marks: 6
Irrigation and 1 Marks: 3
Direct Run off Moderate 5
Hydrology 2 Marks: 1
Reinforced 1 Marks: 2
Singly reinforced beam Moderate 2
Cement Concrete 2 Marks: 0
1 Marks: 3
Steel Structures Welding Moderate 7
2 Marks:2
Structural 1 Marks: 0
Slope and Deflection Moderate 4
Analysis 2 Marks:2
Transportation 1 Marks: 2
Geometric design , Traffic design Moderate 8
Engineering 2 Marks:3
Open channel 1 Marks: 1
Manning’s formula, Critical analysis Moderate 3
Flow 2 Marks:1
1 Marks: 5 Data interpretation, Height and distance,
General Aptitude Moderate 15
2 Marks:5 Grammar, Blood relation, Percentage
Total 65 100
Overall paper was medium level difficulty.
Faculty Feedback

2
ME-

CE-Set-1

GATE 2019 Examination*

Civil Engineering

Test Date: 10-FEB-2019

Test Time: 9.30 AM to 12:30 PM
Subject Name: Civil Engineering

General Aptitude
Q.1 - Q.5 Carry One Mark each.

1. f O an T hich will P S T
(A) 51
(B) 120
(C) 82
(D) 164
[Ans. B]
The numbering of E in alphabet is 5 and double of 5 is 10.
Similarly for J, O and T
So, P1632; E510, S1938, T2040
So, 32 + 10 + 38 + 40 = 120

2. The lecture was attended by quite __________students, so the hall was not very_________
(A) A few, quite
(B) Few, quiet
(C) A few, quite
(D) Few, quite
[Ans. C]
Few is used as ‘very few’ i.e. in negative sense.
A few is used as ‘not all’ and used in positive sense.

3. Th C O’s cision to quit was as shocking to the board as it was to _________

(A) Myself
(B) My
(C) I
(D) Me
[Ans. D]
‘Me’ is a relative pronoun for I.

3
ME-

CE-Set-1

4. On a horizontal ground, the base of a straight ladder is 6m away from the base of a vertical
pole. The ladder makes an angle of to the horizontal. If the ladder is resting at appoint
located at one-fifth of the height of the pole from the bottom, the height of the pole is
_________ meters
(A) 15
(B) 25
(C) 30
(D) 35
[Ans. C]

tan

5. They have come a long way in__________ trust among the users
(A) Created
(B) Create
(C) Creating
(D) Creation
[Ans. C]
They have come a long way in creating trust among the users.
Creating has been used because it’s a continuous process to develop trust.

Q.6 - Q.10 Carry Two Mark each.

6. A square has side 5cm smaller than the sides of a second square. The area of the larger
square is four times the area of the smaller square. The side of the larger square is ___________
(A) 18.50
(B) 15.10
(C) 10.00
(D) 8.50
[Ans. C]
Let the size of the larger square be ‘s’

4
ME-

CE-Set-1

Means, the size of smaller square s ’

Area of larger square = s s
Area of smaller square = s s
According to question;
s s
s s s
s s
s s
s s

s will n gl ct caus siz of small r squar th n com s out to ( ) i.e.

negative
so, size of larger square = s = 10 cm

7. In a sports academy of 300people. 105 play only cricket , 70 play only hockey. 50play only
football. 25 play both cricket and hockey, 15 play both hockey and football and 30 play both
cricket and football. The rest of them play all three sports. What is the percentage of people
who play at least two sports?
(A) 50.00
(B) 25.00
(C) 23.30
(D) 28.00
[Ans. B]
Crick t ock y

Foot all
Number of students who play all the game
People who play at least two game = People who play 2 games + People who play all games
P rc ntag of p opl who play at l ast two gam

5
ME-

CE-Set-1

8. The new cotton technology, bollgard II, with herbicide tolerant traits has developed into a
thriving business in India, However, the commercial use of this technology is not legal in
India. Notwithstanding that, reports indicate that the herbicide tolerant Bt cotton had been
purchase by farmers at an average of farmers at an average of Rs 200 more than the control
price of ordinary cotton, and planted in 15% of the cotton growing area in the 2017 Kharif
season
Which one of the following statements can be inferred from the given passage?
(A) Farmers want to access the new technology if India benefits from it
(B) Farmers want to access the new-technology for experimental purposes
(C) Farmers want to access the new technology even if it is not legal
(D) Farmers want to access the new technology by paying high price
[Ans. C]

9. P, Q, R, S and T related and belong to the same family. P is the brother of S. Q is the wife of P.
R and T are the children of the siblings P and S respectively. Which one of the following
stamens in necessarily FALSE?
(A) S is the sister –in-law of Q
(B) S is the brother of P
(C) S is the aunt of R
(D) S is the aunt of T
[Ans. D]
Q P S

R T

indicates husband
indicates wife

10. “The increasing interest in tribal characters might be a mere coincidence, but the timing is
of interest. None of this , through, is to say that the tribal hero has arrived in Hindi cinema,
or that the new crop of characters represents the acceptance of the tribal character in the
in ustry Th films an charact rs ar too f w to scri as a patt rn”
(A) Attained a status
(B) Went to a place
(C) Reached a terminus
(D) Came to a conclusion
[Ans. A]

6
ME-

CE-Set-1

Technical
Q.1 - Q.25 Carry One Mark each.

1. In the reinforced beam section shown in the figure(not drawn to scale), the nominal cover
provided at the bottom of the beam as per IS 456-2000, is

(A) 50mm
(B) 30mm
(C) 42mm
(D) 36mm
[Ans. B]
( )
mm

2. Consider the pin-joined plane truss shown in the figure(not drawn to scale) Let
R , R , an R denote the vertical reactions( upward positive) applied by the supports at P,
Q, and R respectively , on the truss . The correct combination of (R , R , R ) is represented
by

7
ME-

CE-Set-1

(A) , , kN
(B) , , kN
(C) , , kN
(D) , , kN

3. The probability that the annual maximum flood discharge will exceed m s, at least
once in next 5 years is found to be 0.25. the return period of this flood event (in years,
round off to 1 decimal place) is__________
[Ans. *]Range: 17.8 to 17.8

4. Which one of the following is correct?

sin x tan x
lim ( ) an lim ( )
sin x x
sin x tan x
lim ( ) an lim ( )
sin x x
sin x tan x
C lim ( ) an lim ( )
sin x x
sin x tan x
lim ( ) an lim ( )
sin x x
[Ans. D]

5. An element is subjected to biaxial normal tensile strains of 0.0030 and 0.0020. The normal
strain in the plane of maximum shear strain is
(A) Zero
(B) 0.0050
(C) 0.0010
(D) 0.0025
[Ans. D]

Normal strain

8
ME-

CE-Set-1

6. For small value of h, the Taylor series expansion for f x h is

h h
f x hf x f x f x
h h
f x hf x f x f x
h h
C f x hf x f x f x
h h
f x hf x f x f x
[Ans. D]

7. If the path of an irrigation canal is below the bed level of a natural stream, the type of cross
drainage structure provided is
(A) Aqueduct
(B) Super passage
(C) Level crossing
(D) Sluice gate
[Ans. B]

8. Consider a two dimension flow through isotropic soil along x direction and z direction . If h
is th hy raulic h a , th Laplac ’s quation of continuity is xpr ss as
h h h h
x x z z
h h
x z
h h
C
x z
h h h
x x z z
[Ans. C]

9. A circular duct carrying water gradually contracts from a diameter of 30cm to 15cm.The
figure (not drawn to sale) shows the arrangements of differential manometer attached to
the duct

9
ME-

CE-Set-1

V cm
V
Voltag across
Voltag across
Voltag across
Voltag across
cm

M rcury
When the water
Voltag flows,
across the differential manometer shows a deflection of 8cm of mercury
(Hg). The values of specific gravity of mercury and water are 13.6 and 1.0, respectively.
Voltag across a
Consider the acceleration due to gravity g m s .Assuming frictional flow, the flow
rate in m ⁄s , roun off to cimal plac s throught th uct is __________
[Ans. *]Range: 0.077 to 0.077

10. For a given loading on a rectangular plain concrete beam with an overall depth of 500mm,
the compressive strain and tensile strain developed at the extreme fibers are of the same
magnitude of . The curvature in the beam cross-section
in m , roun off to c mial plac s , is __________

11. The maximum number of vehicles observed in any five minute period during the peak hour
is 160. If the total flow in the peak hour is 1000 vehicles, the five minute peak hour factor
(round off to 2 decimal places) is _________
[Ans. *]Range: 0.5208 to 0.5208

12. Assuming that there is no possibility of shear bucking in the web, the maximum reduction
permitted by IS-800-2007 in the (low-shear) design bending strength of semi-compact steel
section due to high shear is _________
(A) Zero
(B) Governed by the area of the flange
(C) 25%
(D) 50%

13. A concentrated load 500kN is applied on an elastic half space. The ratio of the increase in
vertical normal stress at depths of 2m and 4m along the point of the loading, as per
oussin q’s th ory, woul ________
[Ans. *]Range: 4 to 4

z
z
z

10
ME-

CE-Set-1

14. Which one of the following is a secondary pollutant?

(A) Hydrocarbon
(B) Carbon Monoxide
(C) Ozone
(D) Volatile Organic Carbon(VOC)
[Ans. C]

15. A soil has specific gravity of its solids equal to 2.65. The mass density of water is kg
m . Considering zero air voids and 10% moisture content of the soil sample, the dry density
(in kg m , round off to 1 decimal place) would be __________
[Ans. *]Range: 2094.86 to 2094.86
h w
w
s

kg m

16. The interior angles of four triangles are given below;

Triangle Interior Angles
P , ,
Q , ,
R , ,
S , ,
Which of the triangle are ill-conditioned and should be avoided in triangulation surveys?
(A) Both P and R
(B) Both P and S
(C) Both Q and R
(D) Both q and S
[Ans. D]
Triangulation survey, for well-conditioned angle should be between to so the
answer is triangle Q and S because both contain angle less that

17. The coefficient of average rolling friction of a road is f and its grade is . If the grade of
this road is doubled, what will be the percentage change in the braking distance (for the
design vehicle to come to stop) measured along the horizontal (Assume all other
parameters are kept un changed)?

11
ME-

CE-Set-1

f
f

f
f
C
f

f
[Ans. B]

18. A simple mass-spring oscillatory system consists of a mass m, suspended from a spring of
stiffness k. Considering as the displacement of the system at any time t, the equation of
motion for the free vibration of the system is mz kz . The natural frequency of the
system is
m
k
k
m
m
C √
k
k
√
m

19. In a soil specimen, the total stress, hydraulic gradient and critical hydraulic gradient are
, , i an i r sp ctiv ly For initiation of quick’s an con ition, which on of th following
statements is TRUE?
(A) an i i
(B) an i i
(C) an i i
(D) an i i
[Ans. A]

20. In a rectangular channel, the ratio of the velocity head to the flow depth for critical flow
condition is

C ⁄
⁄
[Ans. D]
Q
g T

12
ME-

CE-Set-1

Q y
g
V y
g
V y
g
V ⁄ g
y

21. A retaining wall of height H with smooth vertical backface supports a backfill inclined at an
angle with the horizontal . The backfill consists of cohesion less soil having angle of
internal friction . If the active lateral thrust acting on the wall is P , which of the following
statements is
(A) P acts at a h ight from th as of th wall an at an angl with th horizontal
(B) P acts a h ight from th as of th wall an at angl with th horizontal
(C) P acts at a h igh from th as of th wall an at ann angl with th horizontal
(D) P acts at a h ight from th as of th wall an at an angl with th horizontal
[Ans. D]

22. A completely mixed dilute suspension of sand particles having diameters 0.25, 0.35 0.40
0.45 and 0.50 mm are filled in a transparent glass column of diameter 10cm and height
2.50m . The suspension is allowed to settle without ant disturbance. It is observed that all
particles of diameter 0.35mm settle to the bottom of the column in 30s. For the same period
of 30s the percentage removal (round off to integer value) of particles of diameters 0.45 and
0.50mm from the suspension is __________
[Ans. *]Range: 100 to 100

23. An isolated concrete pavement slab of length L is resting on a frictionless base. The
temperature of the top and bottom fiber of the slab are T an T respectively . Given the
coefficient of thermal expansion and the elstic moduls =E Assuming T T and the
unit weight of concrete as zero, the maximum thermal stress is calculated as
(A) T T
(B) ro
(C)
(D) L T T

13
ME-

CE-Set-1

24. A catchment may be idealized as a rectangle. There are three rain gauges located inside the
catchment at arbitrary locations. The average precipitation over the catchment is estimated
by two methods (i) Arithmetic mean P and (ii) Thiessen polygon P . Which one of the
following statements is correct?
(A) P is always qual tp P
(B) P is always gr at r than P
(C) There is no definite relationship between P an P
(D) P is always small r than P

25. A plane truss is shown in the figure (not drawn to scale)

Which one of the options contains ONLY zero force members in the truss?
(A) FI, FG, RS, PR
(B) FG, FI, HI, RS
(C) FG, FH, HI, RS
(D) FI, HI, PR, RS

Q.26 - Q.55 Carry Two Mark each.

26. Traffic on a highway is moving at rate of 360 vehicles per hour at a location . If the number
of vehicles arriving on this highway follows poisson distribution, the probability (round off
to 2 decimal places) that the headway between successive vehicles lies between 6 and 10
seconds is __________
[Ans. *]Range: 0.1810 to 0.1810

27. The cross section of a built –up wooden beam as shown in the figure (not drawn to scale) is
subjected to a vertical shear force of 8kN. The beam is symmetrical about the netural
axis(N.A) shown and the moment of inertia about N.A. is mm . Considering that
the nails at the location P are spaced longitudinally (along the length of the beam) at 30mm,
each of the nails at P will be subjected to the shear force of

14
ME-

CE-Set-1

(A) 120N
(B) 240N
(C) 60N
(D) 480N

28. The network of a small construction project awarded to a contractor is shown in the
following figure. The normal duration , crash duration normal cost and crash cost of all the
activates are shown in the table. The indirect cost incurred by the contractor is INR 5000
per day

Activity Normal Crash Duration Normal Cost Crash cost

Duration(days) (days) (days) (INR)
P 6 4 15000 25000
Q 5 2 6000 12000
R 5 3 8000 9500
S 6 3 7000 10000
T 3 2 6000 9000
U 2 1 4000 6000
V 4 2 20000 28000
If the project is targeted for completion in 16 days, the total cost (in INR) to be incurred by
the contractor would be _________
[Ans. *] Range: 1,49500 to 1,49500

15
ME-

CE-Set-1

29. A square footing of 4 m side is placed at 1m depth in a sand deposit . The dry unit weight
of sand is kN m . This and the bearing capacity factor N
This footing is placed at a depth of 2m in the same soil deposit. For a factor of safety
of as p r t rzaghi’s th ory, th saf aring capacity n kPa of this footing woul
________
[Ans. *]Range: 270 to 270
Q N N
(N )
N
For 2m depth
q
q
Fos
( N N )
q
Fos
q
kN m

30. A 0.80m deep bed of sand filer (length 4m and width 3m) is made of uniform particles
(diameter=0.40mm specific gravity =2.65. shape factor =0.85) with bed porosity of 0.4.
The bed has to be backwashed at a flow rate of m min. During backwashing , if the
terminal settling velocity of sand particles is .0.05m/s, the expanded bed depth (in m, round
off to 2 decimal places is) _________
[Ans. *]Range: 1.2 to 1.2

31. Which one of the following is NOT a correct statement?

(A) The function √x, x , has the global minimum at x=e
(B) The function √x, x , has the global minimum nor global maxima
(C) The function x has neither global minima nor global maxima
(D) The function x has the global minima at x=0
[Ans. A]

32. A rectangular open channel has a width of 5m and abed slope of 0.001 for a uniform flow of
pth m, th v locity is m s Th manning’s roughn ss co ffici nt for th chann l is
(A) 0.002
(B) 0.050
(C) 0.033
(D) 0.017
[Ans. D]
B=5m

16
ME-

CE-Set-1

S=0.001
Y=2m
V=2m/5
V R
n

( )
n pq
n=0.017

33. Consider a laminar flow in the x-direction between two infinite parallel plates
(Couette flow) . The lower plate is stationary and the upper plate is moving with a velocity
of 1cm/s in the x-direction . The distance between the plates is 5mm and the dynamic
viscosity of the fluid is N s m . If the shear stress on the lower plate is zero , the
pressure gradiet ⁄ , (in N m )per m, round off 1 decimal place) is ________
[Ans. *]Range: 8 to 8

34. Average free flow speed and the jam density observed on a road stretch are 60km/h and
120 vehicles/km, respectively . For a liner speed-density relationship , the maximum flow
on the road stretch (in vehicles/h) is __________
[Ans. *]Range: 1800 to 1800

35. A granular soil has a saturated unit weight of kN m and an effective angle of shearing
resistance of . The unit weight of water is kN m . A slope is to be made on this soil
deposit in which the seepage occurs parallel to the slope up to the free surface . Under this
seepage condition for a factor of safety of 1.5, the safe slope angle (in degree, round off to 1
decimal place ) would be __________
[Ans. *]Range: 11.1 to 11.1

V i

tan
Fos ( )
V z V tan i
h r h z, so

17
ME-

CE-Set-1

tan
Fos ( )
tan i
tan
( )
tan i
i

36. A one – dimensional domain is discretization into N sub-domain of which x with node
numbers i , , , , N. If the time scale is discretized in steps of t, te forward-time
and centered-space finite difference approximation at i node and n time step, for the
partial differential equation is
v v v v v
[ ]
t x
v v v v v
[ ]
t x
v v v v v
C [ ]
t x
n n n n n
vi vi vi vi vi
[ ]
t x

37. Consider the ordinary differential equation x x y . Given the values of

y an y the value of y(3) (round off to 1 decimal place) is__________
[Ans. *]Range: 5 to 7

38. Sedimentation basin in a water plant is designed for a flow rate of m s. The basin is
rectangular with a length of 32m. width of 8m, and depth of 4m. Assume that the settling
v locity of th s particl s is gov rn y th stok ’s law iv n: nsity of th gravitational
acceleration cm s . If the incoming water contains particles of diameter
m(sphertical uniform), the removal efficiency of these particles is
(A) 100%
(B) 65%
(C) 78%
(D) 51%
[Ans. B]

18
ME-

CE-Set-1

39. A wastewater is to be disinfected with 35mg/L of chlorine to obtain 99% kill of micro-
organisms. The number of micro-organisms remaining alive N at time t, is modeled by
N N , where N is number of micro-organisms at t=0, and k is the rate of kill. The
wastewater flow rate is m ⁄h an k min . If the depth and width of the
chlorination tank are 1.5m and 1.0m, respectively , the length of the tank (in m, round off to
2 decimal places) is __________
[Ans. *]Range: 8.008 to 8.008
M M
n ( )

t min
Q m hr
m
pth m
Q
V
m
V
s c
L V t

L m

40. Tie bar of 12mm diameter are to be provided in a concrete pavement slab. The working
tensile stress of the tie bars is 230MPa, the average bond strength between a tie bar and
concrete is 2MPa, and the joint gap between the slabs is 10mm. Ignoring the loss of bond
and the tolerance factor, the design length of the tie bars (in mm, round off to the nearest
integer)is ___________
[Ans. *]Range: 690 to 690

41. A parabolic vertical curve is being designed to join a road of grade with a raod of grade
The length of the vertical curve is 400m measured along the horizontal. The vertical
point of curvature (VPC) is located on the road of grade +5%. The difference in height
between VPC and vertical point of intersection(VPI) (in m, round off to the nearest integer)
is __________

19
ME-

CE-Set-1

42. A box measuring cm cm is filled to the top with dry coarse aggregate of mass
187.5kg. The water absorption and specific gravity of the aggregate are 0.5% and 2.5.
respectively . The maximum quantity of water (in kg round off to 2 decimal places) required
to fill the box completely is __________
[Ans. *]Range: 50.25 to 50.25
m
m m m
m kg
m V kg

m
m
m
wt of wat r coars aggr gat
wt of wat r kg
now wat r a sorption kg
So we need to maximum water =50.25 kg

43. A 16mm thick gusset plate is connected to the 12mm thick flange plate of an I-section using
fillet welds on both sides as shown in the figure (not drawn to scale) . The gusset plate is
subjected to a point load of 350kN acting at a distance of 100mm from the flange plate. Size
of fillet weld is 10mm.
kN
mm
mm thick
uss t
30μF Vplatt
mm 30μF V t
30μF V t mm
30μF
w l VV tt
Fill t30μF
s ction Fill t w l
30μF V t
Flang mm thick30μF V t
Front vi w 30μF V t si vi w
30μF V t 30μF V t
The maximum resultant stress (in MPa, round off to 1 decimal place) on the fillet weld along
the 30μF
vertical plane V tbe _________
would
30μF V t 30μF V t

44. Consider two functions ; ln ln . Which one of the following is the correct
expression for ?
xln
ln ln

20
ME-

CE-Set-1

ln
ln ln
ln
C
ln ln
x ln
ln ln

45. If the section shown in the figure turns from fully-elastic , the depth of neutral axis
N y̅, decreases by

Voltag across
y̅
N
Voltag across
Voltag across
Voltag across
Voltag across

(A) 10.75mm
(B) 13.75 Voltag across
(C) 15.25
(D) 12.52

46. A sample of air analyzed at and 1atm pressure is repoted to contain 0.02 ppm (parts per
million) of NO . Assume the gram molecular mass of NO as 46 and its volume at and 1
atm pressure as 22.4 liters per mole. The equivalent NO concentration (in microgram per
cubic meter. Round off to 2 decimal places) would be _________
[Ans. *]Range: 41.61 to 41.61
g⁄m PPm
M
M
PPM g m

g m
RT
P

PPm g m

21
ME-

CE-Set-1

PPm
g m

47. A m m square precast reinforced concrete segments to be installed by pushing them

through an existing railway embankment for making an underpass as shown in the figure. A
reaction arrangement using precast PCC blocks placed on the ground is to be made for the
jacks.

At each stage, the jacks are required apply a force of 1875kN to push the segment . The jacks
will react against the rigid steel plate placed against the reaction arrangement. The footprint
area of reaction arrangement on natural ground are
o kPa: an kN m . Assuming that the reaction arrangement has rough
interface and has the same properties that of soil , the factor of safety (round off to 1
decimal place) against shear failure is __________
[Ans. *]Range: 2.018 to 2.018

48. For the following statements:

P-The lateral stress in the soil while being tested in an odometer is always at -rest
Q- For a perfectly rigid strip footing at deeper depths in a sand deposit , the vertical normal
contact stress at the footing edge is greater that that at its center.
R- The corrections for overburden pressure and dilitancy are not applied to measured SPT-
N values in case of clay deposits
The correct combination of the statements is
(A) P-TRUE; Q-TRUE; R-FALSE
(B) P-FALSE; Q-FALSE ; R-FALSE
(C) P-FALSE ; Q-FALSE; R-TRUE
(D) P-TRUE ; Q-TRUE; R-TRUE
[Ans. B]
Statement-P
Because terzaghi theory is only applicable for 1-D consolidation , so P is true
Statement –Q
For rigid footing in sand the content pressure distribution is
So Q is false

22
ME-

CE-Set-1

at g
Rigi
at c nt r max m

V
V
V m s c

Statement –R
SPT test is not suitable for clay So R is true

49. A survey line was measured to be 285.5m with a tape having a nominal l length of 30m. On
checking the true length of the tape was found to be 0.05m too short. If the line lay on a
slope of in 10, the reduced length (horizontal length) of the line for plotting of survey work
would be
(A) 285.0m
(B) 283.6m
(C) 285.6m
(D) 284.5m

50. A portal frame shown in figure (not drawn to scale) has a hinge support at joint P and a
roller support at joint R. A point load of 50kN is acting at joint R in the horizontal direction.
The flexural rigidity. EI. Of each member is kN m . Under the applied load, the
horizontal displacement (in mm. round off to I decimal place) of joint R would be _________

51. Two water reservoirs are connected by a siphon (running full) of total length 5000m and
diameter of 0.01m as shown below (figure not drawn to scale).

23
ME-

CE-Set-1

Summit
h
Voltag across a m
nl t lacross
Voltag g l ngth
m
Voltag across
The inlet leg length of the siphon to its summit is 2000m. The difference in the water surface
Voltag across a
levels of the two reservoirs
Voltag across ais 5m. Assume the permissible minimum absolute pressure at
the summit of siphon to be 2.5m of water when running full. Given, friction factor f = 0.02
throughout, atmospheric pressure = 10.3m of water and acceleration due to gravity
g m s . Considering only major loss using Darcy-Weisbach equation, the maximum
height of the summit of siphon from the water level of upper reservoir h (in m, round off to
1 decimal place) is ________________

52. A reinforced concrete circular pile of 12m length and 0.6m diameter is embedded in stiff
clay which has an undrained unit cohesion of kN m The adhesion factor is 0.5. The Net
Ultimate Pullout (uplift) Load for the pile (in kN, round off to 1 decimal place) is
_______________
[Ans. *]Range: 1328.25 to 1328.25
pallout loa Frictional loa
C̅ V
( )

53. The hyetograph of a storm event of duration 140minutes is shown in the figure.
Rainfall nt nsity mm⁄hour
nfiltration capacity mm⁄hour

nfiltration capacity
Rainfall nt nsity

Voltag across a
Voltag across Voltag across a
Voltag across

Voltag across
Voltag across Voltag across

Voltag across
The infiltration capacity at theVoltagstart of this event (t =0) is 17mm/hour, which linearly
across
Voltag across
decreases to 10mm/hour after 40 minutes duration. As the event progresses, the infiltration
Voltag across
Voltag across
Voltag
Voltag
acrossacross
rateVoltag
furtheracross
drops downVoltag Voltag
across
linearly acrossacross
Voltag
to attain a value of 4mm/hour at t = 100 minutes and

24
ME-

CE-Set-1

remains constant thereafter till the end of the storm event. The value of the infiltration
index, (in mm/hour, round off to 2 decimal places) is _________________

54. The rigid-jointed plane frame QRS shown in the figure is subjected to a load P at the joint R.
Let the axial deformations in the frame be neglected. If the support S undergoes a
settlement of , the vertical reaction at the support S will become zero when is equal
to:
P
Q R

L
(A) 7.5
(B) 0.1
(C) 48.0
(D) 3.0

55. A staff is placed on a benchmark (BM) of reduced level (RL) 100.000m and a theodolite is
placed at a horizontal distance of 50m from the BM to measure the vertical angles. The
measured vertical angles from the horizontal at the staff readings of 0.400m and 2.400m are
found to be the same. Taking the height of the instrument as 1.400m, the RL (in m) of the
theodolite station is ______________

25
GATE 2019
Civil Engineering

Click here for

Questions and Solutions

Date of Exam : 10/2/2019 (Afternoon)

Scroll down to view

www.madeeasy.in
Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi - 110016 | Ph: 011-45124612, 9958995830

GENERAL APTITUDE
Q.1 Suresh wanted to lay a new carpet in his new mansion with an area of 70 x 55 sq. mts.
However an area of 550 sq. mts. had to be left out for flower pots. If the cost of carpet
is Rs. 50 per sq. mts., how much money (in Rs.) will be spent by Suresh for the carpet
now?
(a) Rs. 1,65, 000 (b) Rs. 2,75, 000
(c) Rs. 1,92, 500 (d) Rs. 1,27, 500

Ans. (a)
Cost of carpet = [70 × 55 – 550] × 50 = Rs. 1,65,000

Q.2 Daytime temperatures in Delhi can______40°C.

(a) get (b) peak
(c) reach (d) stand

Ans. (c)
Daytime temperatures in Delhi can reach 40°.

Q.3 A retaining wall with measurements 30 m x 12 m x 6 m was constructed with bricks

of dimensions 8 cm x 6 cm x 6 cm If 60% of the wall consists of bricks, the number
of bricks used for the construction is________lakhs.
(a) 30 (b) 40
(c) 75 (d) 45

Ans. (d)
Number of bricks = x
⇒ 30 × 12 × 6 × 106 × 0.6 = 8 × 6 × 6 × x
x = 4.5 × 106 = 45 × 105 = 45 lakhs bricks

Q.4 Hima Das was_only Indian athlete to win___gold for India.

(a) the, a (b) an, a
(c) an, the (d) the, many

Ans. (a)
Hima Das was the only Indian athlete to win a gold for India.

Q.5 The growth rate of ABC Motors in 2017 was the same__________XYZ Motors in 2016.
(a) as that off (b) as those of
(c) as off (d) as that of

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 2
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

Ans. (d)
The growth of ABC motors was same in 2017 as that of XYZ motors in 2016.
Subject of the sentence is ‘The growth of ABC motors’. It is to be compared with the
growth of XYZ motors hence use of ‘that of’ is appropriate.

Q.6 Mohan, the manager, wants his four workers to work in pairs. No pair should work for
more than 5 hours. Ram and John have worked together for 5 hours. Krishna and Amir
have worked as a team for 2 hours. Krishna does not want to work with Ram. Whom
should Mohan allot to work with John, if he wants all the workers to continue working?
(a) Amir (b) Krishna
(c) Ram (d) None of the three

Ans. (b)
Ram and John = 5 hours
Krishna and Amir = 2 hours
Krishna does not work with Ram.
Now pair will be
John and Krishna
Ram and Amir
Given all the workers to continue working.
John and Krishna will be one pair.

Q.7 "Popular Hindi fiction, despite - or perhaps because of - its wide reach, often does not
appear in our cinema. As ideals that viewers are meant to look up to rather than identify
with, Hindi film protagonists usually read books of aspirational value: textbooks, English
books, or high value literature."

Which one of the following CANNOT be inferred from the paragraph above?
(a) Protagonists in Hindi movies, being ideals for viewers, read only books of aspirational
value
(b) People do not look up to writers of textbooks, English books or high value literature
(c) Though popular Hindi fiction has wide reach: it often does not appear in the movies
(d) Textbooks, English books or high literature have aspirational value, but not popular
Hindi Fiction

Ans. (b)

Q.8 Population of state X increased by x % and the population of state Y increased by y%

from 2001 to 2011. Assume that x is greater than y. Let P be the ratio of the population
of state X to state Y in a given year. The percentage increase in P from 2001 to 2011
is__________.

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 3
India’s Best Institute for IES, GATE & PSUs

ESE 2019
Mains Mains
Classroom Test
Program Series
Conventional Ques. Conventional
Practice Program Test Series

Commencing from Commencing from

th th
20 Feb, 2019 17 Mar, 2019
These batches are oﬀered only Test series will be conducted at
at Delhi Centre. all MADE EASY centres across India.

Features :
Very useful to develop numerical solving approach & improving writing skills.
Special focus on improving answer layout specially for theory questions.
Classes will be delivered by senior faculties.
Updated Mains workbook for every subject having varied practice question sets.
Test series will be conducted on every Sunday in synchronisation with the subject taught in class.
Discussion on probable questions.
Comprehensive and in-depth discussion on variety of conventional questions, thus strengthening fundamental concepts.

Batch Course Duration Class Duration Test Series

Details 90 days | 300 - 350 hours 5-6 days a week and 6-7 hours a day Every Sunday

Streams Batch Code Batch Commencing Date Venue (Delhi) Timing

ME A 20-Feb-2019 Ghitorni Centre 7:30 AM to 1:30 PM

ME B 20-Feb-2019 Ghitorni Centre 3:00 PM to 9:00 PM
ME C 20-Feb-2019 Saket Centre 7:30 AM to 1:30 PM
CE A 21-Feb-2019 Ignou Road Centre 7:30 AM to 1:30 PM Hostel
CE B Kalu Sarai Centre 3:00 PM to 9:00 PM
EE A
21-Feb-2019
22-Feb-2019 Lado Sarai Centre 7:30 AM to 1:30 PM
facility
EE B 22-Feb-2019 Kalu Sarai Centre 3:00 PM to 9:00 PM
will be
EC A 22-Feb-2019 Lado Sarai Centre 7:30 AM to 1:30 PM
arranged

Ex. MADE EASY Students

Program Non MADE EASY
Enrolled in Postal, Rank Improvement, Mains, GS,
Post-GATE, ESE+ GATE, GATE Batches
students
Fee Mains Exclusive Batch
Structure (Inclusive of ESE-2019 Mains Oﬄine Test Series)
` 18,500 ` 22,500

ESE 2019 Mains Oﬄine Test Series Rs. 3,500/- Rs. 2,500/- Rs. 4,500/- Rs. 3,500/-

Rs. 1000/- Discount on test series valid till 15-02-2019

Corporate office : 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi - 1100 16 011-45124612, 9958995830 Click here to enroll
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

x 100 ( x − y )
(a) (b)
y 100 + y

100 ( x − y )
(c) x – y (d)
100 + x

Ans. (b)
Let a, b be initial population
a
Given = p (ratio earlier)
b

⎛ x ⎞
a ⎜1+ ⎟
⎝ 100 ⎠ = p ′ (new ratio)
⎛ y ⎞
b ⎜1+ ⎟
⎝ 100 ⎠

So, required % change,

⎡ a ⎛ 100 + x ⎞ a ⎤
⎢ b ⎜ 100 + y ⎟ − b ⎥ 100 ( x − y )
p′ − p ⎝ ⎠
× 100 = ⎢ ⎥ × 100 =
p ⎢ a ⎥ 100 + y
⎢⎣ b ⎥⎦

Q.9 An oil tank can be filled by pipe X in 5 hours and pipe Y in 4 hours, each pump working
on its own. When the oil tank is full and the drainage hole is open, the oil is drained
in 20 hours. If initially the tank was empty and someone started the two pumps together
but left the drainage hole open, how many hours will it take for the tank to be filled?
(Assume that the rate of drainage is independent of the Head)
(a) 4.00 (b) 1.50
(c) 2.00 (d) 2.50

Ans. (d)
Let inlet pipes, A = 4 hours
B = 5 hours
outlet pipe, C = 20 hours

1 1 1 8 2
In 1 hour (A + B + C) can fill = + − = =
4 5 20 20 5

5
(A + B + C) together = = 2.5 hours
2

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 4
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

Q.10 The Newspaper reports that over 500 hectares of tribal land spread across 28 tribal
settlements in Mohinitampuram forest division have already been "alienated". A top forest
official said, "First the tribals are duped out of their land holdings. Second, the families
thus rendered landless are often forced to encroach further into the forests".

On the basis of the information available in the paragraph,_________is/are responsible

for duping the tribals.
(a) The Newspaper (b) it cannot be inferred who
(c) forest officials (d) landless families

Ans. (b)
The Newspaper is just reporting the matter, it cannot be responsible for duping the
tribals.
A top forest official made statement about tribals being duped hence officials cannot
be responsible for duping the tribals.

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 5
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

CIVIL ENGINEERING
Q.1 The notation "SC" as per Indian Standard Soil Classification System refers to
(a) Silty clay (b) Clayey sand
(c) Sandy clay (d) Clayey silt

Ans. (b)
SC → Clayey sand

Q.2 The speed-density relationship in a mid-block section of a highway follows the Greenshield's
model. If the free flow speed is vf and the jam density is kj, the maximum flow observed
on this section is
vf k j vf k j
(a) (b)
4 2
vf kj
(c) vfkj (d)
8
Ans. (a)

1
maximum flow = vf k j
4

Q.3 A vehicle is moving on a road of grade +4% at a speed of 20 m/s. Consider the coefficient
of rolling friction as 0.46 and acceleration due to gravity as 10 m/s2. On applying brakes
to reach a speed of 10 m/s, the required braking distance (in m, round off to nearest
integer) along the horizontal, is ____________.

Ans. (30)

θ) m/s
cos 10
= (mg
N
m/s
20 f = 0.46
2
sinθ L1 g = 10 m/s
mg
tanθ = 4%

tanθ = 4% = 0.04
θ = 2.29°
cosθ = 0.999
Δ K.E = work done
1 1
mv 22 − mv12 = – L [mg sin θ + fmg cos θ]
2 2

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 6
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

m⎡ 2
⎣v 2 − v 1 ⎤⎦ = − Lmg [tan θ + f ]
2
2

v 12 − v 22
⇒ = L [tanθ + f ]
2g

202 − 102
= L [0.04 + 0.46]
2 × 10
L = 30 m
Now braking distance along horizontal = [L cosθ]
= 30 × 0.999 = 29.97 m 30 m (Near integer)

Q.4 The Laplace transform of sin h (at) is

s s
(a) 2 2 (b)
s +a s − a2
2

a a
(c) (d)
s2 − a2 s2 + a2

Ans. (c)
a
L(sin h (at)) =
s − a2
2

Q.5 The value of the function f(x) is given at n distinct values of x and its value is to be
interpolated at the point x*, using all the n points. The estimate is obtained first by the
Lagrange polynomial, denoted by IL and then by the Newton polynomial, denoted by
IN . Which one of the following statements is correct?
(a) IL is always greater than IN (b) No definite relation exists between IL and IN
(c) IL and IN are always equal (d) IL is always less than IN

Ans. (b)

Q.6 A closed thin-walled tube has thickness, t, mean enclosed area within the boundary of
the centerline of tube's thickness, Am and shear stress, τ. Torsional moment of resistance
T, of the section would be
(a) 2τ Amt (b) 4τ Amt
(c) τ Amt (d) 0.5τ Amt

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 7
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

Ans. (a)

T T
Shear stress, τ = R = R
J 2πR3t R

T T
τ= =
2πR t 2Am ·t
2

∴ T = 2τAmt
t

Q.7 If the fineness modulus of a sample of fine aggregates is 4.3, the mean size of the
particles in the sample is between
(a) 300 μm and 600 μm (b) 2.36 mm and 4.75 mm
(c) 1.18 mm and 2.36 mm (d) 150 μm and 300 μm

Ans. (c)
The sieves that are to be used for the sieve analysis of the aggregate (coarse, fine,
or all-in-aggregate) for concrete as per IS:2386 (Part I) -1963 are, 80 mm, 40 mm,
20 mm, 10 mm, 4.75 mm, 2.36 mm, 1.18 mm, 600 μm, 300 μm and 150 μm.
The fineness modulus can be regarded as a weighted average size of a sieve on which
material is retained and the sieves being counted from the first sieve.
Fineness modulus of 4.3 indicates size between 4 th and 5 th sieve i.e., between
1.18 mm and 2.36 mm.

Q.8 The degree of static indeterminacy of the plane frame as shown in the figure is_______

Hinge

Ans. (15)
Dse = 7 – 3 = 4
Dsi = (3 × 4) – (2 – 1) = 11
Ds = 15

Q.9 The characteristic compressive strength of concrete required in a project is 25 MPa and
the standard deviation in the observed compressive strength expected at site is 4 MPa.
The average compressive strength of cubes tested at different water-cement (w/c) ratios
using the same material as is used for the project is given in the table.

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 8
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

w/c(%) 45 50 55 60
Average compressive strength of cubes (MPa) 35 25 20 15

The water-cement ratio (in percent, round off to the lower integer) to be used in the mix
is ________.

Ans. (46)
Target mean strength = fck + 1.65σ
= 25 + 1.65 × 4.0 = 31.6

( 50 − 45 ) ×
Water content required, = 50 − (31.6 − 25 ) = 46.7%
(35 − 25 )
say 46%(round off to the lower integer)

Q.10 Structural failures considered in the mechanistic method of bituminous pavement design
are
(a) Fatigue and Rutting (b) Fatigue and Shear
(c) Shear and Slippage (d) Rutting and Shear

Ans. (a)

Q.11 The following inequality is true for all x close to 0.

x2 x sin x
2− < <2
3 1 − cos x
x sin x
What is the value of lim ?
x →0 1 − cos x
(a) 1 (b) 0

1
(c) (d) 2
2

Ans. (d)
x sin x
lim
x →0 1 − cos x

sin x
sin x x 1
lim = lim 1 cos x = =2
x →0 1 − cos x x → 0 − 1/ 2
x x2

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 9
*As per ASSOCHAM & Brands Academy

Announcing

NEW BATCHES
for ESE 2020 & GATE 2020
1 Yr/2Yrs CLASSROOM COURSES

Early start Extra edge

Batches Commencement Dates

Regular Batches Weekend Batches
Delhi Delhi Noida
CE 14-Feb-2019 CE 09-Feb-2019 16-Feb-2019
ME 14-Feb-2019 ME NA 03-Feb-2019
EE 18-Feb-2019 EE 23-Feb-2019 16-Feb-2019
EC Mid-Feb, 2019 EC 23-Feb-2019 16-Feb-2019
CS 16-May-2019
CS 17-Feb-2019

Rest of India (Regular Batches)

Patna Lucknow Bhopal Indore Jaipur
25-Feb'19 20-Feb'19 25-Feb'19 20-Feb'19 17-Feb'19

Pune Hyderabad Bhubaneswar Kolkata

11-Feb'19 17-Feb'19 25-Feb'19 2-Mar'19

Admission open
Corporate office : 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi - 1100 16 011-45124612, 9958995830
Delhi Hyderabad Noida Jaipur Bhopal Lucknow Indore Bhubaneswar Pune Kolkata Patna
Centres 011-45124612 040-66774612 0120-6524612 0141-4024612 0755-4004612 09919111168 0731-4029612 09040299888 020-26058612 8981888880 0612-2356615
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

Q.12 The command area of a canal grows only one crop. i.e., wheat. The base period of wheat
is 120 days and its total water requirement, Δ, is 40 cm. If the canal discharge is 2
m3/s, the area, in hectares, rounded off to the nearest integer, which could be irrigated
(neglecting all losses) is________

Ans. (5184)
Given data:
Base period, B = 120 days
Delta of crop, Δ = 40 cm
Discharge, Q = 2 m3/s
Area to be irrigated, A = ?

864 × B
∴ Duty of water, Δ = ha/cumec
Δ
and Area to be irrigated; A = Q × D

864 × 120 ha
A = 2 × m /s × ×
3
⇒
40 cumec
⇒ A = 5184 ha

Q.13 A solid sphere of radius, r and made of material with density, ρs is moving through the
atmosphere (constant pressure, p) with a velocity, v. The net force ONLY due to
atmospheric pressure (Fp) acting on the sphere at any time t, is

4 3 dv
(a) 4π r 2p (b) πr ρs
3 dt
(c) π r 2p (d) zero

Ans. (d)

Q.14 A steel column is restrained against both translation and rotation at one end and is
restrained only against rotation but free to translate at the other end. Theoretical and
design (IS:800- 2007) values, respectively, of effective length factor of the column are
(a) 1.0 and 1.2 (b) 1.2 and 1.0
(c) 1.0 and 1.0 (d) 1.2 and 1.2

Ans. (a)

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 10
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

Q.15 For a channel section subjected to a downward vertical shear force at its centroid, which
one of the following represents the correct distribution of shear stress in flange and web?

(a) (b)

Ans. (c)
Shear flow distribution for channel.

qmax
f

qmax w

qmax f

Q.16 An anisotropic soil deposit has coefficient of permeability in vertical and horizontal
directions as kz and kx, respectively. For constructing a flow net, the horizontal dimension
of the problem's geometry is transformed by a multiplying factor of
kx kz
(a) k (b) kx
z

kx kz
(c) kz (d) k
x

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 11
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

Ans. (b)

kx
X = XT
kz

kz
Transformed horizontal dimension, XT = X
kx

Q.17 An earthen dam of height H is made of cohesive soil whose cohesion and unit weight
are c and γ, respectively. If the factor of safety against cohesion is Fc , the Taylor's stability
number (Sn) is
c cFc
(a) F γH (b)
c γH

γH Fc γH
(c) cF (d)
c c

Ans. (a)

c c ⎧ Hc ⎫
Sn = = ⎨∵ Fc = ⎬
γHc γFc H ⎩ H ⎭

Q.18 The velocity field in a flow system is given by v = 2i + (x + y)jj + (x yz)k . The acceleration
of the fluid at (1, 1, 2) is
(a) 4ii + 12k
k (b) 2ii + 10k
k
(c) j + k (d) 4jj + 10k
k

Ans. (d)

v = 2iˆ + ( x + y ) jˆ + xyzkˆ
u=2
v=x+ y
w = x yz

∂u ∂u ∂u ∂u
ax = u· +v +w + = 0
∂x ∂y ∂z ∂t

∂v ∂v ∂v ∂v
ay = u· +v +w + = 2 + (x + y)
∂x ∂y ∂z ∂t
ay = x + y + 2

∂w ∂w ∂w ∂w
az = u· +v +w +
∂x ∂y ∂z ∂t

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 12
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

= 2 (yz) + (x + y)(x z) + x yz (x y)
az = 2yz + x 2z + x yz + x 2y2z
At (1, 1, 2) ay = 1 + 1 + 2 = 4
az = 2(1)(2) + (1)2 (2) + (1)(1)(2) +(1)2(1)2(2)
= 4 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 10

a = 4jˆ + 10kˆ

Q.19 An inflow hydrograph is routed through a reservoir to produce an outflow hydrograph.

The peak flow of the inflow hydrograph is PI and the time of occurrence of the peak
is tI. The peak flow of the outflow hydrograph is Po and the time of occurrence of the
peak is to. Which one of the following statements is correct?
(a) PI > Po and tI > to (b) PI > Po and tI < to
(c) PI < Po and tI < to (d) PI < Po and tI > to

Ans. (b)

P0 Attenuation

tI to

lag

The outflow from the reservoir is uncontrolled therefore peak of outflow hydrograph
will occur at the junction of inflow and outflow hydrograph.
PI > P0
tI < to

Q.20 Euclidean norm (length) of the vector [4 –2 –6]T is

(a) 48 (b) 56
(c) 24 (d) 12

Ans. (b)
⎡4⎤
⎢ − 2⎥
x= ⎢ ⎥
⎢⎣ − 6⎥⎦

Euclidean norm length = 16 + 4 + 36 = 56

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 13
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

Q.21 The data from a closed traverse survey PQRS (run in the clockwise direction) are given
in the table

Line Included angle (in degrees)

PQ 88
QR 92
RS 94
SP 89

The closing error for the traverse PQRS (in degrees) is ________.

Ans. (3)
Assuming it as anticlockwise traverse.
Mathematically sum of interior angle for a closed traverse
= (2n – 4) × 90 = (2 × 4 – 4) × 90 = 4 × 90 = 360°
Given sum of interior angles,
= 88 + 92 + 94 + 89 = 363°
Then error in interior angle = 363 – 360 = 3°
Not
Notee : In this question as per clockwise traverse included angle should be taken as
exterior angle. But if we take exterior angle then we get all interior angles more than
180°.

Q.22 What is curl of the vector field 2x2yii + 5z2j – 4uyzk k?

(a) –14zii – 2x2k (b) 6zii + 4x2j – 2x2k
(c) – 14zii + 6yjj + 2x2k (d) 6zii – 8xyjj + 2x2yk
k

Ans. (a)

i j k
curlF = ∂ /∂x ∂ /∂y ∂ /∂z
2 x2 y 5z 2 −4yz

= i ( − 4z − 10z ) − j (0 − 0 ) + k (0 − 2 x 2 )

= –14zii – 2x2 k

Q.23 Analysis of a water sample revealed that the sample contains the following species.

CO23− ,Na+,PO34− ,Al3 + ,H2CO3,Cl− ,Ca2+, Mg2+,HCO3− , Fe2+, OH −

Concentrations of which of the species will be required to compute alkalinity?
(a) CO23− ,H+,HCO3− , OH − (b) H+ ,H2CO3,HCO3− , OH −

(c) CO23− , H2CO3,HCO3− ,OH − (d) CO23− ,H+,H2CO3,HCO3−

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 14
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

Ans. (a)
Alkalinity is defined as ability of water to neutralize the acid or hydronium ion
Alkalinity (AT) of water = [HCO3– ] + [CO32– ] + [B(OH)4–] + [H3(SiO4)–] + [HS–] + [organic
anions] + [OH – ] – [H +]
From given options of ions in problem answer is (a).
i.e. CO32– , H+, HCO3– , OH –

Q.24 Construction of a new building founded on a clayey soil was completed in January 2010.
In January 2014, the average consolidation settlement of the foundation in clay was
recorded as 10 mm. The ultimate consolidation settlement was estimated in design as
40 mm. Considering double drainage to occur at the clayey soil site, the expected
consolidation settlement in January 2019 (in mm, roundoff to the nearest integer) will
be _________.

Ans. (15)
Jan. 2010 – Jan. 2014 (4 years)
⇒ Settlement is 10 mm
ΔH = 40 mm
2 – way drainage
Settlement in Jan. 2019 (in 9 years) = ?
Δh 10
In 4 years, %U = × 100 = × 100 = 25%
ΔH 40
t
Tv = Cv ∵ %U < 60%
d2
π 2
⇒ Tv = U
4
2
π ⎛ 25 ⎞ Cv
= 2 × 4years
4 ⎝⎜ 100 ⎠⎟
...(1)
d

Cv t ⎪⎧ π (0.25 )2 ⎪⎫
In 9 years Tv = =⎨ × ⎬ × 9 years = 0.11044
d2 ⎩⎪ 4 4 ⎭⎪
∵ (Tv)60 = 0.283
∴ %U < 60%
π 2
∴ Tv = 0.11044 = U
4
%U = 0.3749 = 37.499%

Δh Δh
∴ %U = × 100 = × 100 = 37.499
ΔH 40mm
Δ h = 14.99 mm = 15 mm

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 15
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

Q.25 Which one of the following options contains ONLY primary air pollutants?
(a) Ozone and peroxyacetyl nitrate (b) Hydrocarbons and ozone
(c) Hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides (d) Nitrogen oxides and peroxyacetyl nitrate

Ans. (c)
Hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides are considered primary air pollutants.

Q.26 Consider the reactor shown in the figure. The flow rate through the reactor is Q m3/h.
The concentrations (in mg/L) of a compound in the influent and effluent are Co and C,
respectively. The compound is degraded in the reactor following the first order reaction.
The mixing condition of the reactor can be varied such that the reactor becomes either
a completely mixed flow reactor (CMFR) or a plug-flow reactor (PFR). The length of the
reactor can be adjusted in these two mixing conditions to LCMFR and LPFR while keeping
the cross-section of the reactor constant. Assuming steady state and for C/Co = 0.8,
the value of LCMFR / LPFR (round off to 2 decimal places) is__________.

Q, C0 Q, C

Ans. (1.12)

Q, C0 Q, C

L
For (CMFR) completely mixed flow reactor
c0
c=
1 + kt
For (PFR) plug flow reactor
c = co e–kt
As c/c0 = 0.8
1
For CMFR 0.8 =
1 + ktCMFR

0.25
⇒ tCMFR = ...(i)
k
For PFR 0.8 = e – ktPFR
0.22314
⇒ tPFR = ...(ii)
k
Now for steady state
v = constant
and L = vt
LCMFR vt 0.25
So, = CMFR = = 1.12
LPFR vt PFR 0.22314

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 16
RRB-JE
Examination, 2019
India’s Best Institute for IES, GATE & PSUs

Admission Open in
Classroom Course for RRB-JE
(CBT-1)
Classroom Centres : Delhi Lucknow Patna

Batches commencing from

th
15 Feb, 2019
All streams are eligible

Fee Structure : Classroom Course (RRB-JE)

Exam Course Duration Timing Freshers Ex. MADE EASY Students

Enrolled in any classroom/postal courses

CBT 1 50 Days 7 days a week Rs. 10,170 + GST Rs. 7,628 + GST
(only) (180-200 hours) 4 hours per day = Rs. 12,000/- = Rs. 9,000/-

Delhi : Lucknow : Patna :

7303231082, 09919111168, 0612-2356615,
7303212325 08400029422 9955991166

www.madeeasy.in
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

Q.27 A rolled I-section beam is supported on a 75 mm wide bearing plate as shown in the
figure. Thicknesses of flange and web of the I-section are 20 mm and 8 mm, respectively.
Root radius of the I-section is 10 mm. Assume: material yield stress, fy = 250 MPa and
partial safety factor for material. γmo = 1.10.

Beam (I-section)

Bearing plate
75 mm

As per IS: 800-2007, the web bearing strength (in kN, round off to 2 decimal places)
of the beam is_________.

Ans. (272.73)
fy
Web bearing strength = ⎡⎣b + 2.5 (tf + R )⎤⎦ × tw ×
γ mo

b n1

75 mm n1 = 2.5(tf + R)

250
= ⎡⎣75 + 2.5 (20 + 10 )⎤⎦ × 8 ×
1.1
= 272.73 kN

Q.28 The probability density function of a continuous random variable distributed uniformly
between x and y (for y > x) is
1
(a) y – x (b)
y−x
1
(c) x – y (d)
x−y

Ans. (b)
Probability density function of uniform distribution is
1
f (x) =
y−x

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 17
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

Q.29 At the foot of a spillway, water flows at a depth of 23 cm with a velocity of 8.1 m/s,
as shown in the figure.

Hydraulic
Spillway M-3 Profile Jump
23 cm y1 = ?

The flow enters as an M-3 profile in the long wide rectangular channel with bed slope

1
= and Manning's n = 0.015. A hydraulic jump is formed at a certain distance
1800
from the foot of the spillway. Assume the acceleration due to gravity, g = 9.81 m/s2.
Just before the hydraulic jump, the depth of flow y1 (in m, round off to 2 decimal places)
is ________.

Ans. (0.42)

NDL

CDL
M-3 Profile yn = 1.108 m
23 cm y1 = ?

Spillway

y = 0.23m, V = 8.1 m/s

∴ q = Vy = 0.23 × 8.1 = 1.863 m3/s-m
1
S0 =
800
D = 0.015
yn = Normal depth of flow
R = y for wide rectangular channel
By Manning’s equation
y n 2/3 1/2
∴ q= R S0
n

yn5/3 ⎛ 1 ⎞ 1/2
⇒ ×
0.015 ⎜⎝ 1800⎟⎠
1.863 =

⇒ yn = 1.108 m
y1 is conjugate depth of y0,

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 18
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

y1 −1+ 1+ 8Frn2 ⎛ 2 q2 ⎞
∴ = ⎜ Frn = ⎟
yn 2 ⎝ gy n3 ⎠

1.8632
−1+ 1+ 8 ×
∴ y1 = 9.81× 1.1083 × 1.108
2
= 0.418 m 0.42 m

Q.30 The ordinates, u, of a 2-hour unit hydrograph (i.e., for 1 cm of effective rain), for a
catchment are shown in the table.
t (hour ) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
(
u m3 /s ) 0 2 8 18 32 45 30 19 12 7 3 1 0
A 6-hour storm occurs over the catchment such that the effective rainfall intensity is 1
cm/hour for the first two hours, zero for the next two hours, and 0.5 cm/hour for the
last two hours. If the base flow is constant at 5 m3/s, the peak flow due to this storm
(in m3/s, round off to 1 decimal place) will be_________.
Ans. (97.0)
Rainfall excess in 1st two hours,
R1 = 1 cm/hr × 2 hr = 2 cm
Rainfall excess in 2nd two hours
R2 = 0
Rainfall excess in 3rd two hours,
R3 = 0.5 cm/hr × 2hr = 1 cm
ord. of 6 hr
ord. of 2 hr ord. of 6 hr
R3u = 1· u Flood Hyd.
Time (hr) R1u = 2u R2u = 0 Complex
UH say u = 6 hr DRH +
DRH
base Flow
0 0 0 – – 0
1 2 4 – – 4
2 8 16 0 – 16
3 18 36 0 – 36 Peak flow
4 32 64 0 0 64
5 45 90 0 2 92 92 + 5
6 30 60 0 8 68 = 97 m3/sec
7 19 38 0 18 56
8 12 24 0 32 56
9 7 14 0 45 59
10 3 6 0 30 36
11 1 2 0 19 21
12 0 0 0 12 12
7 7
3 3
1 1
0 0

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 19
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

Alternate metho
methodd:
Flood peak = (90 + 2) + 5 = 97 m3/s
97
6 hr flood hydrograph = 6 hr DRH + Base flow
R1u + R2u + R3u = 6 hr complex DRH
92

3
Discharge (m /s) 3
Base flow = 5 m /sec
0 Time (hr)

Q.31 The uniform arrival and uniform service rates observed on an approach road to a
signalized intersection are 20 and 50 vehicles/minute, respectively. For this signal, the
red time is 30 s, the effective green time is 30 s, and the cycle length is 60 s. Assuming
that initially there are no vehicles in the queue, the average delay per vehicle using the
approach road during a cycle length (in s, round off to 2 decimal places) is_______.

Ans. (12.50)
Arrival rate = 20 veh/min
Service rate = 50 veh/min
R = 30 sec, Gi = 30 sec, Cycle length = 60 sec

20
16.67
)
in
Cumulative no. of veh.

/m
in)

h
arrival & departure

ve
m

0
h/

(2
ve

val
0

ri
(5

Ar
re
rtu
pa
De

R = 30 sec
Eff. Green time
t = 20
T = 60 s

Time corresponding to which no. of arrival becomes same as no. of departure.

⇒ 20 × (R + t ) = 50 t
20 × (30 + t ) = 50 t
600 + 20 t = 50 t

600
t= = 20 sec
30

⎛ Area under arrival line − Area under departure line ⎞

Avg. Delay = ⎜ ⎟
⎝ Cumulative number of vehicle arrival ⎠

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 20
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

⎛1 1 ⎞
⎜ 2 × 16.67 × 50 − 2 × 16.67 × 25 ⎟
= ⎜ ⎟ = 12.50 sec
⎝ 20 ⎠

Q.32 For a plane stress problem, the state of stress at a point P is represented by the stress
element as shown in figure.
20 MPa

25 MPa

80 MPa P 80 MPa

25 MPa

20 MPa

By how much angle (θ) in degrees the stress element should be rotated in order to
get the planes of maximum shear stress?
P

θ
(a) 31.7 (b) 13.3
(c) 26.6 (d) 48.3

Ans. (a)

20
τmax
25
σp

80 θp

45°

σ x = 80, σy = – 20, τx y = – 25
Angle of plane of max shear
θ = θp + 45°

2τ x y −50
tan2θp = σ − σ = 100
x y

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 21
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

θp = – 13.28°
∴ θ = 31.71°

Q.33 A series of perpendicular offsets taken from a curved boundary wall to a straight survey
line at an interval of 6 m are 1.22, 1.67, 2.04, 2.34, 2.14. 1.87, and 1.15 m. The area
(in m2, round off to 2 decimal places) bounded by the survey line, curved boundary
wall, the first and the last offsets, determined using Simpson's rule, is___________.

Ans. (68.50)

1.22 1.67 2.04 2.34 2.14 1.87 1.15

6m 6m 6m 6m 6m 6m
Area by Simpson’s rule
d
⎡h0 + hn + 4 (h1 + h3 + ....) + 2 (h2 + h4 + ...)⎤⎦
3⎣
A=

6
⎡1.22 + 1.15 + 4 × (1.67 + 2.34 + 1.87 ) + 2 (2.04 + 2.14 )⎤⎦
3⎣
=

= 68.50 m2

Q.34 A flexible pavement has the following class of loads during a particular hour of the day.
(i) 80 buses with 2-axles (each axle load of 40 kN);
(ii) 160 trucks with 2-axles (front and rear axle loads of 40 kN and 80 kN, respectively)
The equivalent standard axle load repetitions for this vehicle combination as per IRC:37-
2012 would be
(a) 250 (b) 320
(c) 180 (d) 240

Ans. (c)
(i) 80 buses with 2 axle with 40 kN each.
N1 = 80 × 2 = 160
L1 = 40 kN

Front axle → 40 kN
(ii) 160trucks
Rear axle → 80 kN

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 22
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

N1 = 160, L1 = 40 kN
N2 = 160, L2 = 80 kN

For40 kN=160+160=320
Total no. of repetitions
For80 kN= 160

N1 = 320, L1 = 40 kN
N2 = 160, L2 = 80 kN
As per 4th power law
4 4
⎛L ⎞ ⎛L ⎞
Ns = N1 ⎜ 1 ⎟ + N 2 ⎜ 2 ⎟
⎝ L5 ⎠ ⎝ Ls ⎠
4 4
⎛ 40 ⎞ ⎛ 80 ⎞
= 320 ⎜ ⎟ + 160 ⎜ ⎟ = 20 + 160 = 180
⎝ ⎠
80 ⎝ 80 ⎠

⎡2 3 4⎤
⎢4 3 1⎥
Q.35 The inverse of the matrix ⎢ ⎥ is
⎣⎢ 1 2 4⎥⎦

⎡ 10 − 4 − 9⎤ ⎡ − 10 4 9 ⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ 15 − 4 − 14⎥
(a) ⎢ −15 4 14 ⎥ (b) ⎢ ⎥
⎢⎣ 5 −1 − 6⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ − 5 1 6 ⎥⎦

⎡ 4 9⎤ ⎡ 4 9 ⎤
⎢ 2 − 5 − 5⎥ ⎢− 2 5
⎢ ⎥ 5 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ − 3 4 14 ⎥ ⎢ − ⎥
4 14
(c) ⎢ (d) ⎢ 3 −
5 5 ⎥ 5 5⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ 1 − 1 − 6⎥ ⎢ −1 1 6 ⎥
⎣⎢ 5 5 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ 5 5 ⎥⎦

Ans. (d)

Q.36 In the context of provisions relating to durability of concrete, consider the following
assertions:
Assertion (1): As per IS 456-2000, air entrainment to the extent of 3% to 6% is required
for concrete exposed to marine environment.
Assertion (2): The equivalent alkali content (in terms of Na2O equivalent) for a cement
containing 1% and 0.6% of Na2O and K2O, respectively, is approximately 1.4% (rounded
to 1 decimal place).

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 23
India’s Best Institute for IES, GATE & PSUs

GATE 2019
RANK PREDICTOR
www.gaterankpredictor.madeeasy.in

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3

Select Your Stream Select the session Paste the URL of
you appeared for your Response Sheet

and predict your

• All India Rank
• Normalized Marks
Click here to redirect at MADE EASY GATE Rank Predictor
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

Which one of the following statements is CORRECT?

(a) Both Assertion (1) and Assertion (2) are FLASE
(b) Assertion (1) is TRUE and Assertion (2) is FLASE
(c) Both Assertion (1) and Assertion (2) are TRUE
(d) Assertion (1) is FLASE and Assertion (2) is TRUE

Ans. (c)
(1) as per IS : 456-2000, Cl. 8.2.2.3.
(2) percentage of Na2O (equivalent)
= Na2O(%) + 0.658 × K2O(%)
= 1.0 + 0.658 × 0.60 = 1.40% (Approx.)
Both Assertions are correct.

Q.37 An ordinary differential equation is given below.

⎛ dy ⎞
⎜ d x ⎟ ( x ln x ) = y
⎝ ⎠
The solution for the above equation is
(Note: K denotes a constant in the options)
(a) y = Kx e x (b) y = Kx e – x
(c) y = K ln x (d) y = K xlnx

Ans. (c)
dy
( x ln x ) = y
dx
dy dx
y = x ln x
dy 1
∫ y = ∫ x ln x d x + ln k
ln x = t

1
d x = dt
x

dy
ln y = ∫ t
+ ln k

ln y = ln t + ln k
ln y = kt
y = k ln x

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 24
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

Q.38 Constant head permeability tests were performed on two soil specimens, S1 and S2.
The ratio of height of the two specimens (Ls1:Ls2) is 1.5, the ratio of the diameter of
specimens (Ds1:Ds2) is 0.5, and the ratio of the constant head (hs1:hs2) applied on the
specimens is 2.0. If the discharge from both the specimens is equal, the ratio of the
permeability of the soil specimens (ks1 :ks2) is___________.

Ans. (3)
Ls1
= 1.5
Ls2

Ds1
= 0.5
Ds2

hs1
=2
hs2

ks1
=?
ks2
Discharge is same.
k1i1A1 = k 2i2 A2
hs1 π h π
k1 × × Ds21 = k 2 s 2 × × Ds22
Ls1 4 Ls 2 4
2 2
ks1 Ls1 hs 2 Ds2 1 ⎛ 1 ⎞
× × 1.5 × ×
ks 2 = Ls 2 hs1 Ds21 = 2 ⎜⎝ 0.5 ⎟⎠
= 3

Q.39 A timber pile of length 8 m and diameter 0.2 m is driven with a 20 kN drop hammer,
falling freely from a height of 1.5 m. The total penetration of the pile in the last 5 blows
is 40 mm. Use the Engineering News Record expression. Assume a factor of safety of
6 and empirical factor (allowing reduction in the theoretical set, due to energy losses)
of 2.5 cm. The safe load carrying capacity of the pile (in kN, round off to 2 decimal
places) is ___________.

Ans. (151.51)
L = 8 m; d = 0.2 m, 20 kN = W → drop hammer
H = 1.5 m
Penetration in 5 blows = 40 mm
40
∴ in 1 blow = = 8 mm = 0.8 cm
5

⎛ WH ⎞ 1 1 ⎡ 20kN × (1.5 × 100 ) ⎤

Qsafe = ⎜ ⎟ × = ⎢ ⎥
⎝ s + c ⎠ FOS 6 ⎣ 0.8 cm + 2.5cm ⎦
Qsafe = 151.51 kN

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 25
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

Q.40 A broad gauge railway line passes through a horizontal curved section (radius = 875
m) of length 200 m. The allowable speed on this portion is 100 km/h. For calculating
the cant, consider the gauge as centre-to-centre distance between the rail heads, equal
to 1750 mm. The maximum permissible cant (in mm, round off to 1 decimal place) with
respect to the centre-to-centre distance between the rail heads is________

Ans. (81.5)
Allowable speed is given as 100 kmph
2
GVmax
eth =
127R
1.750 × 1002
eth =
127 × 875
eth = 15.75 cm
∴ eth = eact + C.D. (Assume C.D. = 7.6 cm)
eact = eth – C.D. = 15.75 – 7.6
eact = 8.15 cm 81.5 mm

Q.41 The dimensions of a soil sampler are given in the table.

Parameter Cutting edge Sampling tube

Inside diameter (mm) 80 86

Outside diameter (mm) 100 90

For this sampler, the outside, clearance ratio (in percent, round off to 2 decimal places)
is _________.
D4 = 90
Ans. (11.11)
Outside clearance. D3 = 86
Sampling
Tube
⎡ D2 − D 4 ⎤
Outside clearance = ⎢ D ⎥ × 100
⎣ 4 ⎦ D1 = 80
cutting
⎡100 − 90 ⎤ edge
Outside clearance = ⎢ ⎥ × 100 = 11.11%
⎣ 90 ⎦ D2 = 100

Q.42 A square footing of 2 m sides rests on the surface of a homogeneous soil bed having
the properties: cohesion c = 24 kPa, angle of internal friction φ = 25°, and unit weight
γ = 18 kN/m3. Terzaghi's bearing capacity factors for φ = 25° are Nc = 25.1, Nq = 12.7,
Nγ = 9.7, Nc' = 14.8., Nq' = 5.6, and Nγ‘ = 3.2. The ultimate bearing capacity of the
foundation (in kPa, round off to 2 decimal places) is___________

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 26
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

Ans. (353.92)
c= 24 kN/m2, φ = 25°, γ = 18 kN/m3
Nc = 25.1, Nq = 12.7, Nγ = 9.7
Nc′ = 14.8, Nq′ = 5.6, Nγ′ = 3.2
Square footing B= 2 m, L = 2 m, Df = 0 (Surface footing)
Since, φ= 25° < 28° → Assume local shear failure.
2 2
Hence, cm = c = × 24 = 16 kN/m2
3 3
Nc′ = 14.8, Nq′ = 5.6, Nγ′ = 3.2
Ultimate bearing capacity of square footing,
qu = 1.3cm Nc′ + γDfNq′ + 0.4γBNγ ′
qu = 1.3 × 16 × 14.8 + 0 + 0.4 × 18 × 2 × 3.2
qu = 307.84 + 46.08
qu = 353.92 kN/m2

Q.43 The speed-density relationship of a highway is given as

u =100 – 0.5k
where, u = speed in km per hour, k = density in vehicles per km. The maximum flow
(in vehicles per hour, round off to the nearest integer) is ________.

Ans. (5000)
u = 100 – 0.5k
⎡ k ⎤
u = 100 ⎢1− ⎥
⎣ (100/0.5) ⎦
⎛ ⎞
Green shield model u = Vf ⎜ 1 − k ⎟
⎝ kJ ⎠
Vf = free mean speed = 100 kmph
100
k J = Jam density = = 200 veh./km
0.5

1
Max flow: qmax = Vf k j
4
1
= × 100 × 200 = 5000 veh/hr
4

Q.44 A water treatment plant treats 6000 m3 of water per day. As a part of the treatment
process, discrete particles are required to be settled in a clarifier. A column test indicates
that an overflow rate of 1.5 m per hour would produce the desired removal of particles
through settling in the clarifier having a depth of 3.0 m. The volume of the required clarifier,
(in m3, round off to 1 decimal place) would be________.

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 27
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

Ans. (500.0)
Design discharge, Q0 = 6000 m3/d
Overflow rate OFR (vs) = 1.5 m/hr

Q0
SA =
OFR
Volume, V = SA × Depth (H)
Q0 6000 × 3
= ×H =
OFR 1.5 × 24
V = 500 m 3

Q.45 A plane frame shown in the figure (not to scale) has linear elastic springs at node H.
The spring constants are kx = ky = 5 x 105 kN/m and kθ = 3 x 105 kNm/rad.
kθ
Internal
30 kNm hinge
H
F G kx
ky

3m 3m

For the externally applied moment of 30 kNm at node F, the rotation (in degrees, round
off to 3 decimals) observed in the rotational spring at node H is____________

Ans. (0.006)
Internal
30 kNm hinge kθ × θ

F G H kx
ky

3m 3m

No moment can be taken by segment FE

∴ MFE = 0

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 28
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

30 kNm
F G G H
30 kNm

30/3 30/3 30/3 30/3

M θ = kθ × θ
30 kNm = 3 × 105 kNm/rad × θ
⇒ θ = 1 × 10–4 radians = 0.0057°

Q.46 The critical bending compressive stress in the extreme fibre of a structural steel section
is 1000 MPa. It is given that the yield strength of the steel is 250 MPa, width of flange
is 250 mm and thickness of flange is 15 mm. As per the provisions of IS: 800-2007.
the non-dimensional slenderness ratio of the steel cross-section is
(a) 0.50 (b) 0.75
(c) 0.25 (d) 2.00

Ans. (a)

fy 250
λ= = = 0.5
fcr 1000

Q.47 Raw municipal solid waste (MSW) collected from a city contains 70% decomposable
material that can be converted to methane. The water content of the decomposable
material is 35%. An elemental analysis of the decomposable material yields the following
mass percent.
C : H : O : N : other = 44 : 6 : 43 : 0.8 : 6.2
The methane production of the decomposable material is governed by the following
stoichiometric relation
CaHbOcNd + nH2O → m CH4 + s CO2 + d NH3
Given atomic weights: C = 12, H = 1, O = 16, N = 14. The mass of methane produced
(in grams, round off to 1 decimal place) per kg of raw MSW will be________.

Ans. (271)
mass of MSW = 1 kg
mass of decomposable material = 0.7 × 103 = 700 gm
mass of decomposable solid = 0.65 × 700 = 455 gm
% mass C : H : O : N : other = 44 : 6 : 43 : 0.8 : 6.2

455 44.00
Moles of C = × = 16.68 (a)
12 100

455 6
H= × = 27.3(b)
1 100

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 29
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

455 43
Q= × = 12.22(c )
16 100
455 0.8
N= × = 0.26(d )
14 100

⎛ b c 3 ⎞ ⎛ a b c 3d ⎞
CaHbOcNd + ⎜ a − − + d ⎟ H2O → ⎜ + − − ⎟ CH4
⎝ 4 2 4 ⎠ ⎝2 8 4 8 ⎠

⎛ a b c 3d ⎞
+⎜ − + + ⎟ CO2 + dNH3
⎝2 8 4 8 ⎠
Moles of CH4 formed by, 1 mole of decomposable material
a b c 3d
= + − −
2 8 4 8
16.68 27.3 12.22 3
= + − − × 0.26 = 16.93
2 8 4 8
mass of CH4 formed = 16.93 × 16 = 271 gm

Q.48 A 2 m × 4 m rectangular footing has to carry a uniformly distributed load of 120 kPa.
As per the 2:1 dispersion method of stress distribution, the increment in vertical stress
(in kPa) at a depth of 2 m below the footing is __________.

Ans. (40)
The area of rectangular footing = 2 m × 4 m
q = 120 kPa

as 2:1 dispersion method of stress distribution

2 2
2m
1 1

q (B × L ) 120 × 2 × 4
Δσ = ( =
B + 2nZ (L + 2nZ )
) ⎛ 1 ⎞⎛ 1 ⎞
⎜2 + 2 × × 2⎟⎜4 + 2 × × 2⎟
⎝ 2 ⎠⎝ 2 ⎠
Δσ = 40 kPa

Q.49 A camera with a focal length of 20 cm fitted in an aircraft is used for taking vertical
aerial photographs of a terrain. The average elevation of the terrain is 1200 m above
mean sea level (MSL). What is the height above MSL at which an aircraft must fly in
order to get the aerial photographs at a scale of 1:8000?
(a) 3200 m (b) 2600 m
(c) 3000 m (d) 2800 m

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 30
General Studies &
Engineering Aptitude
Batches for ESE 2020 India’s Best Institute for IES, GATE & PSUs

(Preliminary Examination)

Syllabus Covered
1. Current issues of national and international importance relating to social economic and industrial development.

2. Engineering Aptitude covering Logical reasoning and Analytical ability.

3. Engineering Mathematics and Numerical Analysis.

4. General Principles of Design, Drawing, Importance of Safety.

5. Standards and Quality practices in production, construction, maintenance and services.

6. Basic of Energy and Environment : Conservation, Environmental pollution and degradation, Climate Change,
Environmental impact assessment.

7. Basic of Project Management.

8. Basics of Material Science and Engineering.

9. Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) based tools and their applications in Engineering such as
networking, e-governance and technology based education.

10. Ethics and values in engineering profession.

Course Duration Timings Teaching Hours

Regular Batches : 2.5 months Regular : 6 to 7 days a week and 4-6 hours a day 250-300
Weekend Batches : 4 months Weekend : Sat, Sun & public holiday, 8 hours each day hours

Batch Type Commencing Dates Venue Timing

Regular Batch 20th Feb, 2019 Ghitorni (Delhi) 8:00 AM to 12:00 PM
Weekend Batch 24th Feb, 2019 Ghitorni (Delhi) 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM
Weekend Batch 24th Feb, 2019 Noida Centre 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM

Fee Structure
Non-MADE EASY Students Ex. MADE EASY Students
Enrolled in Postal, Rank Improvement, Mains, GS, GATE, GATE + ESE Batches

` 25,000 • GS & Engg Aptitude Books will NOT be issued.

• GS & Engg Aptitude Books will be issued.
` 18,000 • Interested students can avail books by paying the fee of Rs. 2,000/-

Corporate office : 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi - 1100 16 011-45124612, 9958995830
ADMISSION
Noida office : D-28, Sector - 63, Noida, Uttar Pradesh - 201301 0120-6524612, 08860378009 OPEN
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

Ans. (d)

Aircraft

Flying
Height
(H)
GL
RL = 1200 m

MSL

Given focal length = 20 cm

f
as we know scale of vertical photograph =
H − havg.
its given as 1 : 8000
f 1
Hence, =
H − havg. 8000

20cm 1
(H − 1200 ) × 100 cm =
8000
⇒ H = 2800 m

Q.50 A long uniformly distributed load of 10 kN/m and a concentrated load of 60 kN are moving
together on the beam ABCD shows in the figure (not drawn to scale). The relative positions
of the two loads are not fixed. The maximum shear force (in kN, round off to the nearest
integer) caused at the internal hinge B due to the two loads is_______

internal hinge
A B C D

2m 2m 4m

Ans. ( – 70)
ILD for VB

2m
D
4 2m C 4m
–
B

⎡⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎤
Maximum shear VB = – ⎢⎜ × 2 × 1× 10 ⎟ + (60 × 1)⎥ = – 70 kN
⎣⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎦

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 31
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

Q.51 Chlorine is used as the disinfectant in a municipal water treatment plant. It achieves
50 percent of disinfection efficiency measured in terms of killing the indicator
microorganisms (E-Coli) in 3 minutes. The minimum time required to achieve 99 percent
disinfection efficiency would be
(a) 19.93 minutes (b) 11.93 minutes
(c) 9.93 minutes (d) 21.93 minutes

Ans. (a)
During disinfection variations of micro-organism is given by
Nt = Noe–kt
Nt = No. of micro-organism at time t
No = No. of micro-organism at time 0
No − Nt
So, disinfection efficiency at any time ‘t ’, ηt = × 100
No
For t = 3 min; η3 = 50%
No − Noe−k×3
η3 = × 100 = 50
No
k = 0.231 min–1
Now for ηt = 99%
No − Nt
ηt = × 100 = 99
No
No − Noe−0.231×t
× 100 = 99
No
t = 19.93 min

Q.52 A confined aquifer of 15 m constant thickness is sandwiched between two aquicludes

as shown in the figure (not drawn to scale).
Piezometer P

Piezometer Q
Piezomet
er Surfac
e
55.2 m

Aquiclude
34.1 m

Aquifer

Aquiclude

L = 2500
m

Reference Datum

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 32
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

The heads indicated by two piezometers P and Q are 55.2 m and 34.1 m, respectively.
The aquifer has a hydraulic conductivity of 80 m/day and its effective porosity is 0.25.
If the distance between the piezometers is 2500 m, the time taken by the water to travel
through the aquifer from piezometer location P to Q (in days, round off to 1 decimal
place) is _________.

Ans. (925.7)
v = ki
ki
vs =
n
⎛ 55.2 − 34.1 1 ⎞ 2500
v s = 80m/day × ⎜ × ⎟ =
⎝ 2500 0.25 ⎠ time
time = 925.651 day
= 925.7 days

Q.53 Consider the hemi-spherical tank of radius 13 m as shown in the figure (not drawn to
scale). What is the volume of water (in m3) when the depth of water at the centre of
the tank is 6 m ?
13 m

(a) 156π (b) 396π

Ans. (b)
1 2
Volume of water = πh (3r − h )
3
1
= π × 62 × (3 × 13 − 6 ) = 396π
3

Q.54 When a specimen of M25 concrete is loaded to a stress level of 12.5 MPa, a strain of
500 × 10–6 is recorded. If this load is allowed to stand for a long time, the strain increases
to 1000 × 10 –6. In accordance with the provisions of IS:456-2000, considering the long-
term effects, the effective modulus of elasticity of the concrete (in MPa) is________.
Ans. (12500)
Initial strain = 500 × 10–6
stress = 12.5 N/mm2
stress 12.5
Ec = = = 25000 N/mm2
strain 500 × 10−6
Ec = 5000 25 = 25000 N/mm2

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 33
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

Total strain after long time

= 1000 × 10–6
Ec
Ece =
1+ θ
Ultimate strain due to creep (1000 − 500 ) × 10 −6
θ= = = 1.0
Elastic strain 500 × 10 −6
Effective modulus of elasticity
EC 25000
Ece = = = 12500 N/mm2
1+ θ 1 + 1.0

Q.55 Two identical pipes (i.e., having the same length, same diameter, and same roughness)
are used to withdraw water from a reservoir. In the first case, they are attached in series
and discharge freely into the atmosphere. In the second case, they are attached in
parallel and also discharge freely into the atmosphere. Neglecting all minor losses, and
assuming that the friction factor is same in both the cases, the ratio of the discharge
in the parallel arrangement to that in the series arrangement (round off to 2 decimal
places) is ________.

Ans. (2.83)
Given: Two identical pipes of same length (L), diameter (D) and roughness (ks).
1st case (series)
Assume height of reservoir = H

H
Pipe 1 Pipe 2

L L

H = hf 1 + hf2 ...(i)
H = 2hf 1 (hf1 = hf2 )
⎡ 8Q 2 f ·L ⎤
H = 2⎢ 21 × 5 ⎥
⎣⎢ π g D ⎦⎥
2nd case (Parallel)

H Q2/2

Q2/2

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 34
Detailed Solutions of
GATE 2019 : Civil Engineering
Date of Test : 10-02-2019 (Afternoon)

2
8 ⎛ Q2 ⎞ fL
H= 2 ⎜ ⎟ × 5
π g⎝ 2 ⎠ D

8 fL Q22
H= × × ..(ii)
π2g D5 4
By eq. (i) and (ii)
⎡ 8Q 2 f ·L ⎤ 8 fL Q2
2⎢ 21 × 5 ⎥ = 2 × 5 × 2
⎣⎢ π g D ⎦⎥ πg D 4
2
8 fL 8 fL Q2
× 2Q12 = 2 × 5
π2 g D 5
π g D 4

Q2
Q1 = 8

= 2.83 (round off to 2 decimal place)

Corporate Office: 44-A/1, Kalu Sarai, New Delhi-110016 | [email protected] | ß www.madeeasy.in Page 35
GENERAL APTITUDE
Q. 1 – Q. 5 carry one mark each.

1. Hima Das was ______ only Indian athlete to win ______ gold for India.
(A) the, a
(B) the, many
(C) an, a
(D) an, the
Sol. The word ‘only’ is the clue that the blank requires definite article ‘the’. Since the ‘gold’
mentioned right after the second blank is singular, ‘a’ will be appropriate. Choice (A)
2. Daytime temperatures in Delhi can ______ 40°C.
(A) peak
(B) get
(C) reach
(D) stand
Sol. Only Option (C) is appropriate. Other verbs would take their respective prepositions or
particles to qualify as a valid collocation. Choice (C)
3. A retaining wall with measurements 30 m × 12 m × 6 m was constructed with bricks of
dimensions 8 cm × 6 cm × 6 cm. If 60% of the wall consists of bricks, the number of bricks
used for the construction is ______ lakhs
(A) 45
(B) 40
(C) 30
(D) 75
Sol. Let n be the number of 8 cm × 6 cm × 6 cm bricks used to construct 60% of the wall of
dimensions 30 m × 12 m × 6 m.
⇒ 0.6(30 × 12 × 6) × 1003 = n(8 × 6 × 6)
⇒n = 45 × 105
Required number of bricks = 45 lakhs Choice (A)
4. The growth rate of ABC Motors in 2017 was the same ______ XYZ Motors in 2016.
(A) as that off
(B) as off
(C) as that of
(D) as those of

Sol. The correct phrase to be used will be ‘as that of’. “off” is used to indicate distance and going
away and ‘of’ is used to show belonging or possession. The phrase is used to compare two
scenarios. Choice (C)

5. Suresh wanted to lay a new carpet in his new mansion with an area of 70 × 55 sq. mts.
However an area of 550 sq. mts, had to be left out for flower pots. If the cost of carpet is Rs.50
per sq.mts., how much money (in Rs.) will be spent by Suresh for the carpet now?
(A) Rs. 1,65,000
(B) Rs. 2,75.000
(C) Rs. 1,92,500
(D) Rs. 1,27,500

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/1

Sol. Total area of the floor = 55 × 70 = 3850 m2
Area of the floor that needs to be covered with carpet = 3850 – 550 = 3300 m2
Cost of carpet = ₹50/m2
Total cost = 3300 × 50 = ₹1,65,000 Choice (A)
Q. 6 – Q. 10 carry two marks each.
6. The newspaper reports that over 500 hectares of tribal spread across 28 tribal settlements in
Mohinitampuram forest division have already been “alienated. A top forest official said, “First
the tribals are duped out of their land holdings. Second, the families thus rendered landless
are often forced to encroach further into the forests”.
On the basis of the information available in the paragraph, ______ is/are responsible for
duping the tribals.
(A) landless families
(B) forest officials
(C) it cannot be inferred who
(D) The Newspaper

Sol. The passage does mention that the tribals are duped out of their lands, but it doesn’t
mention who dupes them. Hence, Option (C) is the answer. Choice (C)

7. An oil tank can be filled by pipe X in 5 hours and Y in 4 hours, each pump working on its own.
When the oil tank is full and the drainage hole is open, the oil is drained in 20 hours. If initially
the tank was empty and someone started the two pumps together but left the drainage hole
open., how many hours it take for the tank to be filled? (Assume that the rate of drainage is
independent of the Head)
(A) 2.00
(B) 2.50
(C) 4.00
(D) 1.50

Sol. Time taken by pipe X alone to fill the tank = 5 hrs

Time taken by pipe Y alone to fill the tank = 4 hrs
Time taken by drainage pipe to empty the full tank = 20 hrs
Let the volume of the tank be 20 units (LCM of 5, 4, 20)
In one hour, X and Y fill 4 units and 5 units respectively.
In one hour, drainage pipe empties 1 unit.
20 20
Time taken to fill the tank when all the three pipes are opened = = = 2.5 hrs
4+5−1 8
Ans: 2.5

8. Population of state X increased by x% and the population of state Y increased by y% from

2001 to 2011. Assume that x is greater than y. Let P be the ratio of the population of sale X
to state Y in a given year. The percentage increase in P from 2001 to 2011 is ______.
100 (𝑥 –𝑦)
(A)
100+𝑦
(B) 𝑥 – y
𝑥
(C)
𝑦
100 (𝑥 –𝑦)
(D)
100 +𝑥

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/2

Sol. Let a be the population of X in 2001. Let b be the population of Y in 2001.

Year X Y
2001 a b
x y
2011 a(1 + 100) b(1 + )
100
x
a a(1 + )
100
P in 2001 = P in 2011 = y
b b(1 + )
100

x
a(1 + 100) a
y −
b(1 + 100) b 100(x − y)
Percentage increase in P = a × 100 = (100 + y)
Choice (A)
b

9. “Popular Hindi fiction, despite – or perhaps because of – its wide reach, often does not appear
in our cinema. As ideals that viewers are meant to look up to rather than identify with, Hindi
film protagonists usually read books of aspirational value: textbooks, English books, or high
value literature.”
Which one of the following CANNOT be inferred from the paragraph above?
(A) Textbooks, English books or high literature have aspirational value, but not popular Hindi
fiction
(B) Protagonists in Hindi movies, being ideals for viewers, read only books of aspirational
value
(C) People do not look up to writers of textbooks, English books or high value literature
(D) Though popular Hindi fiction has wide reach, if often does not appear in the movies

Sol. Option (C) is the correct answer. All the other options conform to the information given in the
passage – Hindi fiction isn’t present in cinema, certain textbooks have an aspirational value,
and viewers are supposed to look up to the protagonists of the Hindi cinema, who read
aspirational material. No information is given about the writers of aspirational books.
Choice (B or C)

10. Mohan, the manager, wants his four workers to work in pairs. No pair should work for more
than 5 hours. Ram and John have worked together for 5 hours. Krishna and Amir have worked
as a team for 2 hours. Krishna does not want to work with Ram. Whom should Mohan allot to
work with John, if he wants all the workers to continue working?
(A) Amir
(B) Krishna
(C) Ram
(D) None of three

Sol. There are four employees, Krishna, Ram, John and Amir. Therefore, six pairs can be
formed:
R-J, K-A, K-R, K-J, A-R, A-J.
John has already worked with Ram for 5 hours. Now if John works with Amir, then as Ram
and Krishna do not work together, they would be idle.
Hence, John has to work only with Krishna, so that Amir works with Ram.
In this way all the employees are working. Choice (B)

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/3

CIVIL ENGINEERING

Q. 1 – Q. 25 carry one mark each.

1. If the fitness modulus of sample of fine aggregates is 4.3, the mean size of the particles in the
sample is between
(A) 1.18 mm and 2.36 mm
(B) 2.36 mm and 4.75 mm
(C) 300 µm and 600 µm
(D) 150 µm and 300 µm

Sol. Given that,

Fineness modulus of sample  4.3
Size of sieve are 150 m, 300 m 600 m, 1.18 mm, 2.36 mm, 4.75 mm, 10 mm,
20 mm, 40 mm
Fineness modulus is 4.3 i.e., b/w 4 & 5th sieve sizes.
Mean size of the particle b/w → 1.18 mm and 2.36 mm. Choice (A)

2. Euclidean norm (length) of the vector [4 –2 –6]T is

(A) √56
(B) √24
(C) √48
(D) √12

4
Sol. Let X = [4 –2 –6]T = [−2]
−6
 Euclidean norm of X is
   = √(42 + (−2)2 + (−6)2
= √16 + 4 + 36
= √56 Choice (A)

3. The value of the function f(x) is given at n distinct values of x and its value is to be interpolated
at the point x*, using all the n points. The estimate is obtained first by the Lagrange
polynomial, denoted by IL, and then by the Newton polynomial, denoted by IN.
Which one of the following statement is correct?
(A) IL and IN are always equal
(B) IL is always greater then IN
(C) No definite relation exists between IL and IN
(D) IL is always less than IN

Sol. For a given set of values of (xi, f(xi)), the interpolating polynomials obtained by Lagrange and
Newton interpolation may look different. But they are identical. So, L and N are always equal.
Choice (A)

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/4

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/5
4. A vehicle is moving on a road of grade +4% at a speed of 20 m/s. Consider the coefficient of
rolling friction as 0.46 and acceleration due to gravity as 10 m/s2. On applying brakes to reach
a speed on 10 m/s, the required braking distance (in m, round off to nearest integer) along
the horizontal, is ______

Sol. G = + 4%
u = 20 m/s
f = 0.46
g = 10 m/s2
v = 10 m/s
we have the relation,
v2 = u2 + 2as
v2 = u2 – 2as (deceleration)
a = fg
v2 = u2 – 2g (f + G)S
102 = 202 – 2 × 10 (0.46 + 0.04)S
S = 30m Ans : 30

5. An anisotropic soil deposit has coefficient of permeability in vertical and horizontal directions
as kz and kx respectively. For constructing a flow net, the horizontal dimension of the
problem’s geometry is transformed by a multiplying factor of
k
(A) kz
x
kx
(B) √
kz
kz
(C) √
kx
kx
(D)
kz

Sol. Horizontal permeability = kx

Vertical permeability = kz
k
the multiplying factor = √kz Choice (C)
x

6. The characteristic compressive strength of concrete required in a project is 25 MPa and the
standard deviation in the observed compressive strength expected at site is 4 MPa. The
average compressive strength of cubes tested at different water-cement (w/c) ratios using the
same material as it used for the project is given in the table.

w/c (%) 45 50 55 60

Average compressive strength of cubes (MPa) 35 25 20 15

The water-cement ratio (in percent, round off to the lower integer) to be used in the mix is
______

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/6

Sol. Characteristic compressive strength (fck) = 25 Mpa.
Standard deviation () = 4 Mpa.
Fm = fck + 1.65.
= 25 + (1.65 × 4)
= 31.6 Mpa
Water content require is for
25 → 50%
35 → 45%
31.6 → ?
By interoperation water content required
(50−45)
 50 – (35 (31.6 – 25)
–25)
 50 – 3.3
 46.7% = 46% Ans: 46

7. The following inequality is true for all x close to 0.

x2 x sinx
2– < <2
3 1 –cosx
x sinx
What is the value of lim 1 –cosx ?
x →0
(A) 2
(B) 1
(C) 0
(D) ½

𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 +sin 𝑥

Sol. lim = lim
𝑥→0 1–𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑥→0 sin 𝑥

(By L’ Hospital’s rule)

𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 − x sin 𝑥 +𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
= lim
𝑥→0 cos 𝑥
=2 Choice (A)

8. The Laplace transform of sinh (at) is

𝑠
(A)
𝑠 2 – 𝑎2
𝑎
(B)
𝑠2 + 𝑎2
𝑠
(C)
𝑠2 + 𝑎2
𝑎
(D)
𝑠 2 – 𝑎2
a
Sol. L[sinhat] = Choice (D)
s2 −a2

9. Structural failures considered in the mechanistic method of bituminous pavement design are
(A) Fatigue and Rutting
(B) Shear and Slippage
(C) Rutting and Shear
(D) Fatigue and Shear
Sol. The structural failures considered in the mechanistic method of bituminous pavement design
are Fatigue and Rutting. Choice (A)

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/7

10. For a channel section subjected to a downward vertical shear force at its centroid, which one
of the following represents the correct distribution of shear stress in flange and web?
(A) (B) (C) (D)

Sol.

Choice (C)

11. An inflow hydrograph is routed through a reservoir to produce an outflow hydrograph. The
peak flow of the inflow hydrograph is PI and the time of occurrence of the peak is tI. The peak
flow of the outflow hydrograph is PO and the time of occurrence of the peak is tO. Which one
of the following statements is correct?
(A) PI > PO and tI > tO
(B) PI > PO and tI < tO
(C) PI < PO and tI > tO
(D) PI < PO and tI < tO

Sol.

PI > PO and tI < t0 Choice (B)

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/8

12. The data from a closed traverse survey PQRS (run in the clockwise direction) are given in the
table
Line Included angle
(in degrees)
PQ 88
QR 92
RS 94
SP 89

The closing error for the traverse PQRS (in degrees) is _____

Sol. The polygon is having 4 sides

Sum of interior angles = (n – 2) × 180
= (4 – 2) × 180 = 360°
The sum of given angles = 363°
Closing error = +3° Ans : 3

13. The command area of a canal grows only one crop. i.e., wheat. The base period of wheat is
120 days and its total water requirement, ∆, is 40 cm. If the canal discharge is 2 m 3/s, the
area in hectares rounded off to the nearest integer, which could be irrigated (neglecting all
losses) is _____

Sol. Base period, B = 120 days.

∆ = 40 cm, Q = 2 m3/s
8.64B
∆=
D
8.64B
Duty, D =

Area irrigated, A = Q × D
864 ×120 ha
A = 2 m3/s × 40 (m3 /s)
A = 5184 ha Ans: 5180 to 5190

14. An earthen dam of height H is made of cohesive soil whose cohesion and unit weight are c
and 𝛾 respectively. If the factor of safety against cohesion is Fc, the Taylor’s stability number
(Sn) is
𝛾𝐻
(A) 𝑐𝐹
𝑐
𝑐
(B)
𝐹𝑐 𝛾𝐻
𝐹𝑐 𝛾𝐻
(C) 𝑐
𝑐𝐹
(D) 𝛾𝐻𝑐
𝑐
Sol. Taylors stability No. = 𝐻𝐹 Choice (B)
𝑐

15. Which one of the following options contains ONLY primary air pollutants?
(A) Hydrocarbons and ozone
(B) Ozone and peroxyacetyl nitrate
(C) Hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides
(D) Nitrogen oxides and peroxyacetyl nitrate
Sol. Primary air pollutants: HC & NO Choice (C)

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/9

16 The degree of static indeterminacy of the plane frame as shown in the figure is _____

Hinge

Sol.

Static indeterminacy + internal indeterminacy

Ds = Dse + Dsi
Dse = (3 + 2 + 2) – 3  4
Dsi = (3 × 4) – 1 (due to hinge)
 11
Ds 11 + 4 = 15. Ans: 15

17. The speed-density relationship in a mid-block section of a highway follows the Greenshield’s
model. If the free flow speed is vf and the jam density is kj. The maximum flow observed on
this section is
vf kj
(A) 8
(B) vf k j
vf kj
(C) 4
vf kj
(D) 2
vf kj
Sol. Max flow : Qmax = 4
vf : free flow (max velocity)
kj : jam density (max density) Choice (C)

18. A solid sphere of radius r, and made of material with density, s is moving through the
atmosphere (constant pressure, p) with a velocity, v. The net force ONLY due to atmospheric
pressure (Fp) acting on the sphere at any time.t. is
(A) 4πr2p
(B) zero
4 dv
(C) 3 πr3 s dt
(D) πr2p
GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/10
GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/11
Sol.

Atmosphere pressure Fp will act uniformly on all sides of sphere whose effect will be 0.
Choice (B)

19. A steel column is restrained against both translation and rotation at one end and is restrained
only against rotation but free to translate at the other end. Theoretical and design
(IS:800-20017) values, respectively of effective length factor of the column are
(A) 1.0 and 1.2
(B) 1.2 and 1.2
(C) 1.2 and 1.0
(D) 1.0 and 1.0

Sol.
Roller

Fixed

Leff (theoretical) = 1.0 l0

Leff (IS 800 : 2007) = 1.2 l0 Choice (A or B)

20. Construction of a new building founded on a clayey soil was completed in January 2010. In
January 2014, the average consolidation settlement of the foundation in clay was recorded
as 10 mm. The ultimate consolidation settlement was estimated in design as 40 mm.
Considering double drainage to occur at the clayey soil site, the expected consolidation
settlement in January 2019 (in mm, round off to the nearest integer) will be _____
Sol. From 2010 to 2014 i.e, 4 years
S = 10 mm
Ultimate settlement
St = 40 mm
drainage = double
S2019 = ? t = 9 yrs
10
U = 40  100 = 25% < 60 %
 U 2
(Tv)4 = 4 (100)
= 0.049087
C t
Tv4 = v24
d
Cv ×4
0.04908 =
(d⁄2)2

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/12

Cv 0.04908
=
(d⁄2)2 4

Cv = 0.012272 (𝑑⁄2)2
Cv ×9
(Tv)9 =
(d⁄2)2
2
0.012272 ×(d⁄2) ×9
= 2
(d⁄2)
(Tv)9 = 0.1104
Assuming U < 60%
 U 2
0.1104 = 4 (100)
U = 37.5%
S
U = S9 100
t
S
37.5 = 9 100
40
S9 = 15 mm Ans: 15

21. What is curl of the vector field 2x2yi + 5z2j – 4yz k?

(A) –14zi + 6yj + 2x2k
(B) 6zi + 4xj – 2x2 k
(C) 6zi – 8xyj + 2x2y k
(D) –14zi – 2x2 k

Sol. 21. Let F̅ = 2x2y ̅i + 5z2̅j – 4yz ̅k

̅i ̅j ̅k
𝜕 𝜕 𝜕 𝜕 𝜕 𝜕 𝜕
Curl F̅ =   F̅ = | 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧
|= i ̅ ( (– 4𝑦𝑧) – (5𝑧2 )) − ̅j ( (−4𝑦𝑧) – (2𝑥2 𝑦))
𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑧
2𝑥 2 𝑦 5𝑧 2 −4𝑦𝑧
𝜕 𝜕
̅k ( ( 5𝑧2 ) – (2𝑥2 𝑦))
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦

= ̅i (– 4z – 10z) – ̅j (0 – 0) + ̅k (0 – 2x2)
 Curl F̅ = –14 z̅i – 2x2 ̅k Choice (D)
22. A closed thin-walled tube has thickness, t, mean enclosed area within the boundary of the
centerline of tube’s thickness, Am, and shear stress . Torsional moment of resistance, T, of
the section would be
(A) 2Amt
(B) 4Amt
(C) Amt
(D) 0.5Amt
Sol. Torsional moment of resistance : T
𝑇 
=
𝐽 𝑟
1
T = ( 𝑟 ).J
J = 2πr3t

T = 𝑟 . 2𝜋𝑟 3 𝑡
= 2πr2t. 
T = 2t.Am Choice (A)

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/13

23. The notation “SC” as per Indian Standard Soil Classification System refers to
(A) Clayey sand
(B) Silty clay
(C) Clayey silt
(D) Sandy clay

Sol. Notation SC:Clayey sand Choice (A)

24. Analysis of a water sample revealed that the sample contains the following species.
CO32–, Na+, H+, PO43–, Al3+, H2CO3, Cl–, Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO3–, Fe2+, OH–
Concentrations of which of the species will be required to compute alkalinity?
(A) H+, H2CO3, HCO3–, OH–
(B) CO32–, H+, HCO3–, OH–
(C) CO32–, H+, H2CO3, HCO3–
(D) CO32–, H2CO3, HCO3–, OH–

Sol. Alkalinity is found out by

CO32–, H+, HCO3–, OH–
(∵ formula for alkalinity:
50 50 50
(CO3 2− × 30) + (HCO3 − × 61) + (OH− × 17)
(mg/l) mg/l mg/l
as CaCO3) Choice (B)

25. The velocity field in a flow system is given by v = 2I + (x + y)J + (xyz)K. The acceleration of
the fluid at (1, 1, 2) is
(A) J + K
(B) 4J + 10K
(C) 2I + 10K
(D) 4I + 12K

⃗ = 2i̅ + (x + y)j̅ + (xyz)k̅

Sol. V
u=2
v = (x + y)
 = xyz
∂u ∂u ∂u ∂u
ax = u + v +  +
∂x ∂y ∂z ∂t
=0
∂v ∂v ∂v ∂v
ay = u + v +  +
∂x ∂y ∂z ∂t
= 2  1 + (x + y) + 0
=2+x+y
(ay)1, 1, 2 = 4 units
∂ ∂ ∂ ∂
az = u + v +  +
∂x ∂y ∂z ∂t
= 2(yz) + (x + y) (xz) + xyz (xy) + 0
(az)1, 1, 2 = 4 + 4 + 2 = 10 units
a⃗ = 4j̅ + 10k̅ Choice (B)

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/14

Q. 26 – Q. 55 carry two marks each.
26. Consider the reactor shown in the figure. The flow rate through the reactor is Q m 3/h. The
concentrations (in mg/L) of a compound in the influent and effluent are Co and C respectively.
The compound is degraded in the reactor following the first order reaction. The mixing
condition of the reactor can be varied such that the reactor becomes either a completely
mixed flow reactor (CMFR) or a plug-flow reactor (PFR). The length of the reactor can be
adjusted in these two mixing conditions to LCMFR and LPFR while keeping the cross-section of
the reactor constant. Assuming steady state and for C/Co = 0.8, the value of LCMFR/LPFR (round
off to 2 decimal places) is _____

Q, C
Q, C0

Sol. L

Given Q is constant
C/s area: (B × H) is constant
C 1
Completely mix flow Reactor (CMFR); =
Co 1+kθ
C
Plug flow reactor (PFR), = e–kθ
Co
V L.A
θ = time of reaction: Q = Q
K : constant wrt order of reaction.
C 1
C
= 0.8 = 1+kθ = e–kθ2
o 1
(CMFR) (PFR).
On solving,
CMFR PFR
1 L2A
0.8 = L1A 0.8 = e–k( )
1+k Q
Q
kL1 A L2 A
0.8 + (0.8) Q
=1 +k. Q
= 0.2231 → (2)
L1A
k. Q
= 0.25 → (1)
From equations (1) and (2)
L1 L 0.25
= CMFR = = 1.12 Ans: 1.10 to 1.15
L2 LPFR 0.2231

27. The probability density function of a continuous random variable distributed uniformly
between 𝑥 and y (for y > 𝑥) is
1
(A) 𝑦−𝑥
1
(B)
𝑥−𝑦
(C) 𝑥 – y
(D) y – 𝑥

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/15

Sol. The probability density function of a continuous random variable distributed uniformly
between x and y (for y > x) is
1
;𝑥 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 𝑦
f(t) = {𝑦−𝑥 Choice (A)
0; otherwise
28. Two identical pipes (i.e., having the same length, same diameter and same roughness) are
used to withdraw water from a reservoir. In the first case, they are attached in series and
discharge freely into the atmosphere. In the second case, they are attached in parallel and
also discharge freely into the atmosphere. Neglecting all minor losses, and assuming that the
friction factor is same in both the cases, the ratio of the discharge in the parallel arrangement
to that in the series arrangement (round off to 2 decimal places) is _____
Sol. Case 1: Series Connection

Applying Bernoulli equation between 1 and 2, neglecting velocity head at exist

H = hf
H = hf1 + hf2
H = 2hf
fLV2
H = 2(
2gD
)
8fLQ2s
H = 2(
π2 gD5
) –––– (1)
Case 2: Parallel Combination

H = hf [hf = hf1 = hf2 ]

8fL Qp 2
H=
π2 gD5
(2)
2fLQ2p
H= –––– (2)
π2 gD5

Equation (1) = Equation (2)

8fLQ2 2fLQ2p
2(π2gDs5) = π2gD5
Q2p
=8
Q2s
Qp
Qs
= 2.83 Ans: 2.80 to 2.90

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/16

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/17
29. The speed-density relationship of a highway is given as
u = 100 – 0.5k
Where u = speed in km per hour, k = density in vehicles per km. The maximum flow (in
vehicles per hour, round off to the nearest integer) is _____

Sol.

Kmax  V = 0
 0 = 100 – 0.5 km
Kj = Km = 200 veh/km
Vf = Vmax  K = 0
Vf = 100 – 0.5 (k → 0) = 100 km/hr
𝑣𝑗 𝑘𝑗 100×200
qmax = 4 = 4
qmax = 5000 veh/hr Ans: 5000
30. A rolled I-section beam is supported on a 75 mm wide bearing plate as shown in the figure.
Thickness of flange and web of the I-section are 20 mm and 8 mm respectively. Root radius
of the I-section is 10 mm. Assume: material yield stress, f y = 250 MPa and partial safety factor
for material, ymo = 1.10.

Beam (I-section)

Bearing plate
75 mm

As per IS: 800-2007, the web bearing strength (in kN, round off to 2 decimal places) of the
beam is _____

Sol.

Effective area 
Ag  [75 + 2.5 (flange thickness) + root length] × 8
 [75 + 2.5 (30)] × 8
 1200 mm2
Web bearing strength
𝑓 1200 × 250
 Ag 𝑦   272.73 kN Ans: 272.60 to 272.80
𝑚𝑜 1.1

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/18

31. The critical bending compressive stress in the extreme fibre of a structural steel section is
1000 MPa. It is given that the yield strength of the steel is 250 MPa, width of flange is 250
mm and thickness of flange is 15 mm. As per the provisions of IS:800-2007, the non-
dimensional slenderness ratio of the steel cross-section is
(A) 0.25
(B) 0.75
(C) 2.00
(D) 0.50

Sol. Critical bending stress

fcc = 1000 MPa
Yield strength, fy = 250 MPa
Non- dimensional slenderness
fy 250
Ratio   = √f = √1000
cc
= 0.5 Choice (D)

32. A confined aquifer of 15 m constant thickens is sandwiched between two aquicludes as shown
in the figure (not drawn to scale).

Piezometer P

Piezometer Q

55.2 m

Aquiclude
34.1 m

Aquifer

Aquiclude

Reference Datum

The heads indicated by two piezometers P and Q are 55.2 m and 34.1 m, respectively. The
aquifer has a hydraulic conductivity of 80 m/day and its effective porosity is 0.25. If the
distance between the piezometers is 2500 m, the time taken by the water to travel through
the aquifer from piezometer location P to Q (in days, round off to 1 decimal place) is ________

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/19

Sol.

k = 80 m/day
n = 0.25
Discharge velocity, v = ki
ℎ (55.2 –34.1)
V = 80  = 80 
𝐿 2500
= 0.6752 m/day
V
Seepage velocity = n
0.6752
=
0.25
= 2.7 m/day
distance
Vs =
time
distance 2500
time = Vs
= 2.7
= 925.65 days Ans: 924.0 to 926.0

33. When specimen of M25 concrete is loaded to a stress level of 12.5 MPa, a strain of 500 × 10–6
is recorded. If this load is allowed to stand for a long time, the strain increases to
1000 × 10–6. In accordance with the provisions of IS:456-2000, considering the long-term
effects, the effective modulus of the concrete (in MPa) is _______

Sol. Initial strain = 500 × 10–6

Long term strain = 1000 × 10–6
Ultimate strain due to creep
Creep coefficient  Initial strain

(1000 − 500) × 10−6

 500 × 10−6
1

Elastic modulus
EC = 5000√𝑓𝑐𝑘
= 5000 √25
= 25000 N/mm2
Elastic modulus of elasticity
𝐸 25000
Ece = 1 +𝐶 θ = 1 + 1
 12,500 N/mm2 Ans: 12,500

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/20

34. For a plane stress problem, the state of stress at a point P is represented by the stress
element as shown in figure.
20 MPa

25 MPa

80 MPa P 80 MPa

25 MPa

20 MPa
By how much angle (θ) in degrees the stress element should be rotated in order to get the
planes of maximum share stress?

(A) 48.3
(B) 31.7
(C) 26.6
(D) 13.3

Sol. 𝜎𝑥 = 80 MPa
𝜎𝑦 = -20 MPa 20 MPa
𝑥𝑦 = -25 MPa
2𝑥𝑦 25 MPa
tan 2p =
𝜎𝑥 − 𝜎𝑦

2 ×(−25) −50 80 MPa

tan(2p) = 80 + 20
= 100 80 MPa
1
2p = tan-1(− 2)  p = –13.28
25 MPa
p → Angle of Principle Plane.
20 MPa
For Max Shear plane angle
s = 45 + p

s = 45 – 13.28

s = 31.72 Choice (B)

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/21

35. Constant head permeability tests were performed on two soil specimens, S1 and S2. The
ratio of height of the two specimens (Ls1: Ls2) is 1.5, the ratio of the diameter of specimens
(Ds1: Ds2) is 0.5. and the ratio of the constant head (hs1: hs2) applied on the specimens is 2.0.
If the discharge from both the specimens is equal. The ratio of the permeability of the soil
specimens (ks1: ks2) is ______
Ls1 3
Sol. = = 1.5
Ls2 2
Ds1 1
= = 0.5
Ds2 2
hs1
hs2
=2
given Q1 = Q2
then k1 : k2 = ?
As per constant head permeability test,
Q = ki A
h 
= k . . D2
L 4
hs1 
Q1 = k1 Ls . 4 D2s1
1
hs2 
Q2 = k2 . D2
Ls2 4 s2
Q1 k hs1 Ls2 D2s1
Q2
= k1 . hs Ls1 D2s2
2 2
k1 1 1 2
1= (2) ( ) ( )
k2 1.5 2
k1
=3 Ans: 2.95 to 3.05
k2

36. A long uniformly distributed load of 10 kN/m and concentrated load of 60 kN are moving
together on the beam ABCD shown in the figure (not drawn to scale). The relative positions
of the two loads are not fixed. The maximum shear force (in kN, round off to the nearest
integer) caused at the internal hinge B due to the two loads is ______

Internal hinge
A B C D

2m 2m 4m

Sol. [ L D for FB]

Fmax [at ‘B’]
1
 − [ [10 × 1 × 2] + (60 × 1)]
2

= –[10 + 60]
= –70 kN

Ans: 70

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/22

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/23
37. Chlorine is used as the disinfectant in a municipal water treatment plant. It achieves
50 percent of disinfection efficiency measured in terms of killing the indicator microorganisms
(E -Coil) in 3 minutes. The minimum time required to achieve 99 percent disinfection efficiency
would be
(A) 9.93 minutes
(B) 11.93 minutes
(C) 21.93 minutes
(D) 19.93 minutes
No – Nt
Sol. Efficiency =  = No
 100
No = initial no. of micro organisms
Nt = micro organisms remaining at time ‘t’
Nt = Noe–kt
No – Noe−kt
=  100
No
 = (1 – e–kt) 100
1 = 50% t1 = 3 min
2 = 99% t2 = ? min
50 = 1 – e–k(3)
 k = 0.231/min
99 = 1 – e–(0.231)  t
 t = 19.93 min Choice (D)

38. In the context of provisions relating to durability of concrete, consider the following assertions:
Assertion (1): As per IS 456-2000. Air entrainment to the extent of 3% to 6% is required for
concrete exposed to marine environment.
Assertion (2): The equivalent alkali content (in terms of Na2O) equivalent) for a cement
containing 1% and 0.6% of Na2O and K2O, respectively, is approximately 1.4% (rounded to 1
decimal place).
Which one of the following statements is CORRECT?
(A) Assertion (1) is FALSE and Assertion (2) is TRUE
(B) Assertion (1) is TRUE and Assertion (2) is FALSE
(C) Both Assertion (1) and Assertion (2) are FALSE
(D) Both Assertion (1) and Assertion (2) are TRUE

Sol. (a) As per clause 8.2.2.3, of IS 456 – 2000, entrained air% of 3 – 6% is required for thawing,
freezing.  not for marine environment exactly. Assertion A is wrong.
(b) Percentage of Na2O equivalent

equivalent t of Na O
= Na2O ( quivalent t of Na 2O )
2

equivalent t of Na2 O
+%K2O ( quivalent t of K2 O
)

= (1 x 1) + (0.6) (0.685)
= 1.41%
Assertion (B) is right
Assertion {12 isis false
true
} Choice (A)

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/24

Given atomic weights: C = 12, H = 1, O = 16, N = 14. The mass of methane produced (in
grams, round off to 1 decimal place) per kg of raw MSW will be _______

Sol. Given,
Mass of MSW = 1 kg
Decomposable waste = 70% = 0.7 kg
Moisture content = 35%
For 1 kg MSW, weight of water = 0.35 kg
wt. of solid = 0.65 kg
wt of dry decomposable waste = 0.65 x 0.7 =455 gm
From the mass percentage given;
12a = 44 𝑥
b = 6𝑥
16c = 43 𝑥
14d = 0.8 𝑥
100 𝑥
Where, 100𝑥 is the weight of decomposable waste
 100𝑥 = 0.455 kg
𝑥 = 4.55 g
 a = 16.68 b = 27.3
c = 12.23 d = 0.26
From the balance of reaction we can write,
a=m+s
b + 2n = 4m + 3d
c + n = 2s
2c + 2n = 4s
b – 2c = 4m – 4s + 3d
b − 2c − 3d
4
=m–s
M – s = 0.516
m + s = 16.68
m = 8.598
s = 8.082
 Methane produced = 8.598 x 16
= 137.568 gm Ans: 135 to 140

40. A series of perpendicular offsets taken from a curved boundary wall to a straight survey line
at an interval of 6 m are 1.22, 1.67,2.04,2.34,2.14,1.87 and 1.15 m. The area (in m2, round
off to 2 decimal places) bounded by the survey line, curved boundary wall. The first and the
last offsets, determined using Simpson’s rule, is _________

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/25

Sol. Area by Sympson’s rule;
d
A = 3 (h0 + hn + 4(h1 + h3 + h5 + . … . ) + 2(h2 + h4 + …..))
6
= 3 (1.22 + 1.5 + 4(1.67 + 2.34 + 1.87) + 2(2.04 + 2.14)))
= 68.50 m2 Ans: 67 to 70
2 3 4
41. The inverse of the matrix [4 3 1] is
1 2 4
– 10 4 9
(A) [ 15 – 4 – 14]
–5 1 6
4 9
2 –5 –5
4 14
(B) – 3
5 5
1 6
[1 –5 – 5]
4 9
–2 5 5
4 14
(C) 3 –5 –5
1 6
[– 1 5 5 ]
10 – 4 – 9
(D) [– 15 4 14 ]
5 –1 –6
2 3 4
Sol. Let A = [4 3 1]
1 2 4
2 3 4
Det (A) = |4 3 1| = 2(12 – 2) – 3 (16 – 1) + 4 (8 – 3)
1 2 4
 Det(A) = –5
10 −15 5
The cofactor matrix of A = [−4 4 −1 ]
−9 14 −6
10 −15 5 T 10 −4 −9
 Adj(A) = [−4 4 −1] = [−15 4 14 ]
−9 14 −6 5 −1 −6
1
 Inverse of A = A-1 = (Adj(A))
Det(A)
10 −4 −9
1
= −5 [−15 4 14 ]
5 −1 −6
4 9
−2
5 5
4 14
 A-1= 3 −
5
−
5
Choice (C)
1 6
[ −1 5 5 ]
GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/26
42. The ordinates, u, of a 2-hour unit hydrograph (i.e., for 1 cm of effective rain), for a catchment
are shown in the table.

t (hour) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

u (m3/S) 0 2 8 18 32 45 30 19 12 7 3 1 0

A 6-hour storm occurs over the catchment such that the effective rainfall intensity is 1 cm/hour
for the first two hours, zero for the next two hours, and 0.5 cm/hours, for the last two hours. If
the base flow is constant at 5 m3/s, the peak flow due to this strom (in m3/s round off to 1
decimal place) will be __________

Sol. Rainfall excess

𝑐𝑚
In 1st 2 hrs : R1 = 1 ℎ𝑟 × 2 hr = 2 cm.
In 2nd 2 hrs : R2 = 0
𝑐𝑚
In 3rd 2 hrs : R3 = 0.5 ℎ𝑟 × 2 hr = 1 cm.

(2) Ord of 6hr Ord of FHG

(1) (3) (4) (5)
Ord. of 2hr DRH = (3) + = DRH +
Time (hrs) R, U = 2U R2U = 0 R3U = 1U
(U.R.H) (4) + (5) base flow
0 0 0 - - 0
1 2 4 - - 4
2 8 16 0 - 16
3 18 36 0 - 36
4 32 64 0 0 64
92 + 5
5 45 90 0 2 92 →
= 97 m3/s
6 30 60 0 8 68
7 19 38 0 18 56
8 12 24 0 32 56
9 7 14 0 45 59

** lagged by 2 hrs **
Ans : Peak of FHG: Peak of DRH + Base flow
 92 + 05 = 97 m3/s Ans: 96.5 to 97.5

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/27

43. At the foot of a spillway, water flows at a depth of 23 cm with a velocity of 8.1m/s as shown
in the figure.

Hydraulic
Jump
Spillway M-3 Profile
23 cm
y1 = ?

1
The flow enters as an M-3 profile in the long wide rectangular channel with bed slope =
1800
and Manning’s n = 0.015. A hydraulic jump is formed at a certain distance from the foot of the
spillway. Assume the acceleration due to gravity, g = 9.81m/s2, Just before the hydraulic jump,
the depth of flow y1 (in m, round off to 2 decimal places) is _________

Sol. Given,
y = 0.23m
V = 8.1 m/s
s = 1⁄1800
n = 0.015
q = A.V = 8.1 x 0.23
= 1.863 m3/sec/m
1 2/3 1/2
Q = n R S .A
Given this a wide rectangular channel,  R = y
1
q.B = n y2/3 S1/2 y B
1
q = y2/3 S1/2 y
n
1 1
1.863 = 0.015 √1800 y5/3
Normal depth, yn = 1.11m
1⁄ 1⁄
q2 3 1.8632 3
The critical depth, yc = ( g ) =( 9.81
) = 0.707m
Fr corresponding to yn
q2 1.8632
Fr = √gy3 = √9.81 × 1.113 = 0.508
We have the relation,
y1 1
y
= 2 [√1 + 8F22 − 1]
2
y1 1
1.11
= 2 [√1 + 8 × 0.5082 − 1]
y1 = 0.417m < yc
y1 = 0.42m Ans: 0.41 to 0.43

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/28

44. A flexible pavement has the flowing class of lauds during a particular hour of the day.
i. 80 buses with 2- axles (each axle load of 40 kN):
ii. 160 trucks with 2-axles (front and rear axle loads of 40kN and 80kN, respectively)
The equivalent standard axle load repetitions for this vehicle combination as per IRC: 37-
2012 would be
(A) 180
(B) 250
(C) 240
(D) 320

Sol. 80 buses 100 trucks

2 axles front axle: 40 KN
N1 = 80 × 2 Rear axle: 80 KN
= 160 axes N1 = 160 L1 = 40 KN
Axle load, N2 = 160 L2 = 80 KN
L1 = 40 KN
Repetitions for 40 KN = 160 + 160 = 320 axles
Buses + trucks
Repetitions for 80 KN = 160
N1 = 320 L1 = 40 KN
N2 = 160 L2 = 80 KN
𝐿 4 𝐿 4
NS: N1( 1 ) + N2 ( 1 )
𝐿 𝑠 𝐿 𝑠
40 4 80 4
: 320 (80) + 160 (80) = 20 + 160 = 180 Choice (A)

45. A square footing of 2 m sides rests on the surface of a homogenous soil bed having the
properties: cohesion c = 24 kPa, angle of internal friction  = 25°, and unit weight - 
= 18 kN/m3, Terzaghi’s bearing capacity factors for  = 25°are Nc = 25.1, Nq = 12.7 N= 9.7,
𝑁𝑐1 = 14.8. 𝑁𝑞1 = 5.6, and 𝑁𝑟1 = 3.2. The ultimate bearing capacity of the foundation (in kPa,
round off to 2 decimal places) is ________

Sol. B = 2m, Df = 0
C = 24 kPa
 = 25o
Y = 18 𝑘𝑁⁄𝑚3
Nc= 14.8
Nq = 5.6
Nr = 3.2
Given  = 25o < 29o
 Local shear failure
qu = 1.3 CNc +  DfNq + 0.4 BN
2 2
Cm = 3 C = 3  24
= 16 kPa
qu = (1.3  16 14.8) + (18  0) + (0.4 18  2  3.2) = 353.92 kPa.
Ans: 920 to 925 or 350 to 356

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/29

46. A board gauge railway line passes through a horizontal curved section (radius = 875 m) of
length 200 m. The allowable speed on this portion is 100 km/h. For calculating the cant,
consider the gauge as centre-to centre distance between the rail heads, equal to 1750 mm.
The maximum permissible cant (in mm, round off to 1 decimal place) with respect to the
centre-to-centre distance between the rail heads is _____
Sol. Given
R = 875 mm
Vallowable = 100 kmph
G = 1750 mm
G V2all
eallowable = 127R
1750 × 1002
= 127 × 875
= 157.6 mm Ans: 157.2 to 157.6

47. A timber pile of length 8 m and diameter 0.2 m is driven with a 20 kN drop hammer. falling
freely from a height of 1.5 m. The total penetration of the pile in the last 5 blows is 40 mm.
Use the Engineering News Record expression. Assume a factor of safety of 6 and empirical
factor (allowing reduction in the theoretical set, due to energy losses) of 2.5 cm. The safe load
carrying capcity of the pile (in kN. Round off to 2 decimal places) is_________
Sol. L = 8 m  = 0.2 m
W = 20 kN h = 1.5 m
40
S = set value = 5 = 8 mm
Whηb
Qsafe =
F(S+C)
for drop hammer, C = 2.5 cm
Assuming b = 100 %
20 ×150 ×1
Qsafe = 6(0.8+2.5)
= 151.51 kN Ans : 151 to 152
48. The dimensions of a soil sampler are given in the table
Parameter Cutting edge Sampling tube
Inside diameter (mm) 80 86
Outside diameter(mm) 100 90
For this sampler, the outside clearance ratio (in percent, round off to 2 decimal places) is
_____
D2 −D4
Sol. Outside clearance of sampler = ( D4
) × 100
100−90
= ( 90 ) × 100
= 11.11% Ans: 11.10 to 11.12
49. A camera with a focal length of 20 cm fitted in an aircraft is used for taking vertical aerial
photographs of a terrain. The average elevation of the terrain is 1200 m above mean sea
level (MSL). What is the height above MSL at which an aircraft must fly order to get the aerial
photographs at a scale of 1:8000?
(A) 2600 m
(B) 3000 m
(C) 3200 m
(D) 2800 m

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/30

Sol. f = 20 cm
h = 1200 m
H=?
S = 1 : 8000
f
S = H–h
1 20 ×10–2
=
8000 H–1200
H = 2800 m Choice (D)

50. Consider the hemi-spherical tank of radius 13 m as shown in the figure (not drawn to scale
What is the volume of water (in m3) when the depth of water at the centre of the tank is 6 m?
13 m

6m
(A) 156 
(B) 468 
(C) 78 
(D) 396 
1
Sol. Volume of water = h2(3r – h)
3
h = 6 m, r = 13 m
1
=  62(3  13 – 6)
3
= 396 
Choice (D)

51. A plane frame shown in the figure (not to scale) has linear clastic springs at node H. The
spring constants are kx = ky = 5 × 105 kN/m and k θ = 3 × 105 kNm/rad

k0
Internal
30 kNm hinge H
F G kx
ky

3m 3m

For the externally applied moment of 30 kNm at node F, the rotation (in degrees, round off to
3 decimals) observed in the rotational spring at node H is _____

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/31

Sol. Horizontal reaction at E, HE = 0
No moment @ segment FE.
MFE = 0

30.kN–m

30.kN–m G H
F G
3m

30/3 30/3
30/3 =.10 kN 30/3 =.10 kN

FBD of FG
30 kN.m = 3 x 105 kNm⁄rad × 
 = 1 x 10–4 radians
1 = /180 radians
180 
1radians = ( 
)
  = 0.0057. Ans: 0.005 to 0.007

52. An ordinary differential equation is given below.

dy
( ) (x ln x) = y
dx
The solution for the above equation is
(note: K denotes a constant in the options)
(A) y = Kxe–x
(B) y = K ln x
(C) y = K x ln x
(D) y = kxex
dy
Sol. Given ( ) (x ln x) = y
dx
1 1
 y dy = x ln x dx
1 1⁄
 ∫ y dy = ∫ ln xx dx

 ln y = ln(ln x) + ln K
f1 (x)
(∵ ∫ f(x) dx = ln(f(x)))
 ln y = ln (K ln x)
 y = K ln x Choice (B)

53. A water treatment plant treats 6000 m3 of water per day of the treatment process. discrete
particles are required to be settled in a clarifier. A column test indicates that an overflow rate
of 1.5 m per hour would produce the desired removal of particles through settling in the
clarifier having a depth of 3.0 m. The volume of the required clarifier. (in m3 round off to
1 decimal place) would be ________

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/32

Sol. Volume: Surface area  Depth
(m3) (m2) (m)
= As  H
Q
= Vo  H
s
6000 m3 /d
(1.5 ×24)m/d
 3(m)
 Volume = 500 m3 Ans: 495.0 to 505.0

54. The uniform arrival and uniform services rates observed on an approach road to a signalized
intersection are 20 and 50 vehicles/minute, respectively. For this signal, the red time is 30 s.
the effective green time is 30 s, and the cycle length is 60 s. Assuming that initially there are
no vehicles in the queue. The average delay per vehicle using the approach road during a
cycle length (in s, round off to 2 decimal places) is _______

Sol. Uniform rates:

Arrival rate = 20 veh/min
Service rate = 50 veh/min
Red time, R = 30 sec
Green time, G = 30 sec
Optimum cycle length, L = 60 sec
Time for which arrival time = departure time
 20 (R + t) = 50 t
20 (30 + t) = 50 t
t = 20 sec.
(arrival under arrival line−area under departure line)
avg. delay =
cumulative no.of vehicle arrival
1 1
( ×16.67 ×50)−( ×16.67 ×25)
= 2 2
20
Average delay = 12.50 sec Ans: 12 to 13

55. A 2 m × 4 m rectangular footing has to carry a uniformly distributed load of 120 kPa. As per
the 2 : 1 dispersion method of distribution, the increment in vertical stress (in kPa) at a depth
of 2 m below the footing is ________

Sol. size 2 m  4 m
Q = 120 kPa

q ×Area
𝜎𝑧 =
(B+z)(L+z)

120 × 2 ×4
=
(2+2)(4+2)

= 40 kPa Ans: 40

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/33

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CE/34
Afternoon
GATE - 2019 Session
CIVIL ENGINEERING 10/2/19

Subject wise weightage

S. No. Name of the Subject 1 Mark (Q) 2 Marks (Q)

1 Verbal Ability 3 2

2 Numerical Ability 2 3

3 Engineering Mathematics 5 3

4 Engineering Mechanics 0 0

5 Solid Mechanics (Strength of Materials) 2 1

6 Structural Analysis 1 2

7 Construction Material & Management 1 1

8 Reinforced Cement Concrete 1 1

9 Steel Structures 1 2

10 Geotechnical Engineering 4 5

11 Fluid Mechanics & Hydraulic Machines 2 3

12 Hydrology 1 2

13 Irrigation 1 0

14 Environmental Engineering 2 4

15 Transportation Engineering 3 4

16 Geomatics Engineering (Surveying) 1 2

TOTAL 30 35

Subject Experts,
ACE Engineering Academy
2 Civil Engineering_GATE_19 (Session-2)

Section : General Aptitude

01. Hima Das was ____ only Indian athlete to win _____ gold for India.
(a) the a (b) the, many
(c) an, a (d) an, the

01. Ans: (a)

End of Solution

02. Daytime temperatures in Delhi can ______40oC.

(a) Peak (b) get
(c) Reach (d) Stand

02. Ans: (c)

Sol: reach. Means touch

End of Solution

03. A retaining wall with measurements 30 m× 12 m × 6 m was constructed with bricks of dimensions 8cm × 6cm
× 6cm. If 60% of the wall consists of bricks, the number of bricks used for the construction is ______ lakhs.
(a)
45 (b) 40
(c)
30 (d) 75

03. Ans: (a)

Sol: Volume of the wall : (3000 × 1200 × 600) cu. cm
Volume of all bricks put together = 0.6 × (3000 × 1200 × 600) cu.cm
Volume of each brick = (8 × 6 × 6) cu.cm
0.6 # 3000 # 1200 # 600
No of bricks used = 8#6#6
= 4500000 or 45 lakhs

End of Solution

04. The growth rate of ABC Motors in 2017 was the same ______ XYZ Motors in 2016.
(a) as that off (b) as off
(c) as that of (d) as those of
3 CE_GATE_19_Questions with Detailed Solutions

04. Ans: (c)

Sol: as that of. growth rate is singular number.

End of Solution

05. Suresh wanted to lay a new carpet in his new mansion with an area of 70 × 55 sq. mts. However an area of 550
sq. mts. Had to be left out for flower pots. If the cost of carpet is Rs.50 per sq. mts., How much money (in Rs)
will be spent by Suresh for the carpet now?
(a) 1, 65, 000 (b) 2, 75, 000
(c) 1, 92, 500 (d) 1, 27, 500

05. Ans: (a)

Sol: Area to be computed = [(70 × 55) − 550] or 3300 sq. m
Total cost of carpeting = 3300 × cost per sq.m
= 3300 × 50 rs
= Rs 1, 65,000

End of Solution

06. The Newspaper reports that over 500 hectares of tribal land spread across 28 tribal settlements in Mohinitam-
puram forest division have already been “alienated”. A top forest official said, “First the tribals are duped out
of their land holdings. Second, the families thus rendered landless are often forced to encroach further into the
forests”.
On the basis of the information available in the paragraph, _____ is/are responsible for duping the tribals.
(a) landless families (b) forest officials
(c) it cannot be inferred who (d) the newspaper

06. Ans: (c)

Sol: cannot be inferred. Para doesn’t mention who is responsible.

End of Solution

07. An oil tank can be filled by pipe X in 5 hours and pipe Y in 4 hours, each pump working on its own. When the
oil tank is full and the drainage hole is open, the oil is drained in 20 hours. If initially the tank was empty and
someone started the two pumps together but left the drainage hole open, how many hours will it take for the
tank to be filled? (Assume that the rate of drainage is independent of the Head)
(a) 2.00 (b) 2.50 (c) 4.00 (d) 1.50
4 Civil Engineering_GATE_19 (Session-2)

07. Ans: (b)

Sol: Work done by pipes x,y and drain in the = 5 , 4 & d 1 n says
1 1 -
20

∴ work done by pipes x, y and drain together = c 5 + 4 - 20 m or 20 or 5

1 1 1 8 2

5
∴ The time taken to fill the tank = 2 hrs or 2.5 hrs

End of Solution

08. Population of state X increased by x% and the population of state Y increased by y% from 2001 to 2011.
Assume that x is greater than y. Let P be the ratio of the population of state X to state Y in a given year. The
percentage increase in P from 2001 to 2011 is _________.

100 ` x - y j
(a) 100 + y (b) x – y

x 100 ` x - y j
(c) y (d) 100 + x

08. Ans: (a)

Sol: Let population of two states in 2001 ha asb ratio

a
τmax P = b

Population of two states in 2011 = a + x/ya , b + y2/yb respectively

a + x/ga
Ratio of population in 2011 i.e P in 2011 = b + y/gb

100a + ax
= 100 b + by

End of Solution

09. “Popular Hindi fiction, despite – or perhaps because of – its wide reach, often does not appear in our cinema. As
ideals that viewers are meant to look up to rather than identify with, Hindi film protagonists usually read books
of aspirational value: textbooks, English books, or high value literature.”
Which one of the following CANNOT be inferred from the paragraph above?
(a) Textbooks, English books or high literature have aspirational value, but not popular Hindi fiction
(b) Protagonists in Hindi movies, being ideals for viewers, read only books of aspirational value
(c) People do not look up to writers of textbooks, English books or high value literature
(d) Though popular Hindi fiction has wide reach, it often does not appear in the movies
5 CE_GATE_19_Questions with Detailed Solutions

09. Ans: (b)

Sol: para says usually. Not only

End of Solution

10. Mohan, the manager, wants his four workers to work in pairs. No pair should work for more than 5 hours. Ram
and John have worked together for 5 hours. Krishna and Amir have worked as a team for 2 hours. Krishna does
not want to work with Ram. Whom should Mohan allot to work with John, if he wants all the workers to contin-
ue working?
(a) Amir (b) Krishna (c) Ram (d) None of the three

10. Ans: (b)

Sol: As Krishna does not want to work with Ram, he has to work only with John.
∴Mohan should allot Krishna to John to work as a pair.
Note: Krishna already worked with Amir as a pair.

End of Solution
6 Civil Engineering_GATE_19 (Session-2)
7 CE_GATE_19_Questions with Detailed Solutions

Section : Civil Engineering

01. If the fineness modulus of a sample of fine aggregates is 4.3, the mean size of the particles in the sample is be-
tween
(a) 1.18 mm and 2.36 mm (b) 2.36 mm and 4.75 mm
(c) 300 µm and 600 µm (d) 150 µm and 300 µm

01. Ans: (a)

Sol: F.M of mean size 2.36 = 5
F.M of mean size 1.18 = 4
Hence for F.M of 4.3, the mean size of aggregate will be between 1.18 mm and 2.36 mm.

End of Solution

02. Euclidean norm (length) of the vector [4 –2 –6]T is

(a) 56 (b) 24
(c) 48 (d) 12

02. Ans: (a)

Sol: RS VW
SS 4 WW
Let X SS 2WW

SS WW
6
T X
Norm X X ]4g2 ] 2g2 ^ 6h2
16 4 36
= 56

End of Solution

03. The value of the function f(x) is given at n distinct values of x and its value is to be interpolated at the point x*,
using all the n points. The estimate is obtained first by the Lagrange polynomial, denoted by IL, and then by the
Newton polynomial, denoted by IN. Which one of the following statements is correct?
(a) IL and IN are always equal (b) IL is always greater than IN
(c) No definite relation exists between IL and IN (d) IL is always less than IN

03. Ans: (a)

End of Solution
8 Civil Engineering_GATE_19 (Session-2)

04. A vehicle is moving on a road of grade +4% at a speed of 20 m/s. Consider the coefficient of rolling friction
as 0.46 and acceleration due to gravity as 10 m/s2. On applying brakes to reach a speed of 10 m/s, the required
braking distance (in m, round off to nearest integer) along the horizontal, is ______.

04. Ans: 30 m
Sol: Given,
Upward gradient, G = 4% = 0.04 (upgrade is taken as +ve)
Initial speed, ν1 = 20 m/s
Coefficient of friction (rolling), f = 0.46
Acceleration due to gravity, g = 10 m/s2
Final velocity due to break application (reduced), ν2 = 10 m/s

` ν12 - ν22 j
2g ^f + Gh
Breaking distance , S b =

_ 202 - 102 i
2 # 10 ^0.46 + 0.04h
= = 30 m

End of Solution

05. An anisotropic soil deposit has coefficient of permeability in vertical and horizontal directions as kz and kx re-
spectively. For constructing a flow net, the horizontal dimension of the problem’s geometry is transformed by a
multiplying factor of

k kx kz k
(a) k z (b) kz (c) kx (d) kx
x z

05. Ans: (c)

End of Solution

06. The characteristic compressive strength of concrete required in a project is 25 MPa and the standard deviation in
the observed compressive strength expected at site is 4 MPa. The average compressive strength of cubes tested
at different water-cement (w/c) ratios using the same material as is used for the project is given in the table.

w/c(%) 45 50 55 60
Average compressive strength of cubes (MPa) 35 25 20 15

The water-cement ratio (in percent, roundoff to the lower integer) to be used in the mix is ____
9 CE_GATE_19_Questions with Detailed Solutions

06. Ans: 46
Sol: Mean strength fm = fck + 1.65 σ
= 25 + 1.65 × 4
= 31.6 MPa
From table

fm(MPa) w/c (%)

35 45%

31.6 ?

25 50%

50 45 #
W/C ratio required = 45 (35 31.6) 46.7% - 46%
35 25

End of Solution

x2 x sin x
07. The following inequality is true for all x close to 0. 2 - 3 < -
1 cos x < 2
x sin x
What is the value lim - ?
x " 0 1 cos x

(a)
2 (b) 1 (c) 0 (d) ½

07. Ans: (a)

x sin x
Sol: Lt
x"0 1 − cos x

sin x
Lt x
x " 0 1 cos x

= 1
1
2
=2

End of Solution
10 Civil Engineering_GATE_19 (Session-2)

08. The Laplace transform of sinh(at) is

s a s a
(a) (b) 2 2 (c) (d)
s2 - a2 s +a s2 + a2 s2 - a2

08. Ans: (d)

Sol: Laplace transform of sinh(at)

L "sinh ]atg,
a

s2 a2

End of Solution

09. Structural failures considered in the mechanistic method of bituminous pavement design are
(a) Fatigue and Rutting (b) Shear and Slippage
(c) Rutting and Shear (d) Fatigue and Shear

09. Ans: (a)

Sol: Mechanistic empirical method for flexible pavement design consider the following structural failures
1. Fatigue 2. Rutting

End of Solution

10. For a channel section subjected to a downward vertical shear force at its centroid, which one of the following
represents the correct distribution of shear stress in flange and web?

a. b.

c. d.
11 CE_GATE_19_Questions with Detailed Solutions

10. Ans: (c)

Sol: Shear flow in horizontal member (flange) is linear with zero at free end and in vertical member (web) it is para-
bolic.
Therefore the suitable option is (c).

End of Solution

11. An inflow hydrograph is routed through a reservoir to produce an outflow hydrograph. The peak flow of the
inflow hydrograph is PI and the time of occurrence of the peak is tI. The peak flow of the outflow hydrograph is
Po and the time of occurrence of the peak is to. Which one of the following statements is correct?
(a) PI > Po and tI > to (b) PI > Po and tI < to

(c) PI < Po and tI > to (d) PI < Po and tI < to

11. Ans: (b)

Sol:

Inflow Hydrograph
out flow
hydrograph

pI
p0

t1 t0

PI > PO
tI < tO

End of Solution

12. The data from a closed traverse survey PQRS (run in the clockwise direction) are given in the table

Included angle
Line
(in degree)
PQ 88
QR 92
RS 94
SP 89

The closing error for the traverse PQRS (in degrees) is _______
12 Civil Engineering_GATE_19 (Session-2)

12. Ans: 3
Sol: In a closed triangle sum of interior angles = (2n − 4) × 90o = (2 × 4) − 4 × 90o = 360o
angles = (2n − 4) × 90o = (2 × 4) − 4 × 90o = 360o
+P + +Q + +R + +S = 88 + 92 + 94 + 89 = 363 o
∴ Angular correction = − 3o
Angular error = + 3o

End of Solution

13. The command area of a canal grows only one crop, i.e., wheat. The base period of wheat is 120 days and its total
water requirement. ∆, is 40 cm. If the canal discharge is 2 m3/s, the area, in hectares, rounded off to the nearest
integer, which could be irrigated (neglecting all losses) is _______

13. Ans: 5184

Sol: Wheat,
B = 120 days,
∆ = 40 m,
Q = 2 m3/s
A=?
A
Q= D

A
Q B
8.64 #
A
2= 120
8.64 # 0.4
A = 5184 ha

End of Solution

14. An earthen dam of height H is made of cohesive soil whose cohesion and unit weight are c and γ, respectively.
If the factor of safety against cohesion is Fc, the Taylor’s stability number (Sn) is

H c Fc H cFc

(a) cF (b) Fc H (c) c (d) H
c

14. Ans: (b)

Sol: Stability number, S n Fc CH

End of Solution
13 CE_GATE_19_Questions with Detailed Solutions

15. Which one of the following options contains ONLY primary air pollutants?
(a) Hydrocarbons and ozone (b) Ozone and peroxyacetyl nitrate
(c) Hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides (d) Nitrogen oxides and peroxyacetyl nitrate

15. Ans: (c)

Sol: Hydrocarbon’s and oxides of nitrogen are primary air pollutants.

End of Solution

16. The degree of static indeterminacy of the plane frame as shown in figure is _______

Hinge

16. Ans: 15
Sol:

Static indeterminacy Ds = Dse + Dsi − Force releases

External indeterminacy, Dse = r − s
No. of support reactions, r = 7
Number of equilibrium equations, s = 3
Dse = 7 − 3 = 4
Internal indeterminacy Dsi = 3× No of closed boxes
= 3×4 = 12
Force releases = 1[At the internal hinge]
DS = 4 + 12 − 1 = 15
14 Civil Engineering_GATE_19 (Session-2)

17. The speed-density relationship in a mid-block section of a highway follows the Greenshield’s model. If the free
flow speed is Vf and the jam density is kj, the maximum flow observed on this section is

vf k j vf k j vf k j
(a) 8 (b) vfkj (c) 4 (d) 2

17. Ans: (c)

Sol: From Green shield’s linear model
k j V k j Vf Vf k j
Maximum flow, qmax = 2 # 2f = 4 = 4

Where, Vf → Free flow (maximum) velocity

kj → Jam (maximum) density

End of Solution

18. A solid sphere of radius, r, and made of material with density, ρs, is moving through the atmosphere (constant
pressure, P) with a velocity, v. The net force ONLY due to atmosphere pressure (Fp) acting on the sphere at any
time, t, is

4 dv
(a) 4πr2p (b) zero (c) 3 r 3 s dt (d) πr2p

18. Ans: (b)

Sol:

Patm

Fnet = 0

When object of any shape ( not only sphere) is subjected to uniform pressure over entire surface, the net force is
zero because pressure force at any point is balanced by an equal and opposite force on opposite point.

End of Solution
15 CE_GATE_19_Questions with Detailed Solutions
16 Civil Engineering_GATE_19 (Session-2)

19. A steel column is restrained against both translation and rotation at one end and is restrained only against rota-
tion but free to translate at the other end. Theoretical and design (IS: 800-2007) values, respectively, of effective
length factor of the column are
(a) 1.0 and 1.2 (b) 1.2 and 1.2 (c) 1.2 and 1.0 (d) 1.0 and 1.0

19. Ans: (a)

Sol: The given support conditions indicates the following support/ end conditions of column

(Roller Support)

(Fixed Support)

leff as per theoretical conditions = 1.0 lo

leff as per IS 800 : 2007 = 1.2 lo
Considering the errors that may occur due to construction of supports on site.

End of Solution

20. Ans: 15
Sol: Time, t1 = 2014 - 2010 = 4 years
Settlement, S1 = 10 mm,
Sf = 40 mm,
S1 # 10
=U1 S=
f
100 40 # 100 = 25%

Tv1 4 b 1001 l 4 b 100 l 0.0491

U 2 25 2

For time, t2 = 2019 - 2010 = 9 years

S2 = ?

Cv t
Tv =
d2
17 CE_GATE_19_Questions with Detailed Solutions

Since C2v remains same for both the times,

Tv ? t

Tv2 = t2
Tv1 t1
Tv2 = 9
0.0491 4

∴ Tv2 = 0.11044

Tv2 4 b 1002 l
U 2
since Tv2 < 0.28

0.11044 4 b 1002 l
U 2

U2 = 37.5 %
S
U2 = S2 # 100
f

S
37.5 = 402 # 100

S2 = 14.99 mm say 15 mm

End of Solution

21. What is curl of the vector field 2x2 yi + 5z2j − 4yzk?

(a) −14zi + 6yj + 2x2k (b) 6zi + 4xj − 2x2k
(c) 6zi − 8xyj + 2x2yk (d) − 14zi − 2x2k

21. Ans: (d)

Sol: Given: V 2x2 y i 5z2 j 4yz k

i j k
2 2 2
curl V 4# V 2x 2y 2z
2x2 y 5z2 4yz

i ^ 4z 10zh j ^0 0h k ^0 2x2h

14z i 2x2 k

End of Solution
18 Civil Engineering_GATE_19 (Session-2)

22. A closed thin-walled tube has thickness, t, mean enclosed area within the boundary of the centerline of tube’s
thickness, Am and shear stress, τ. Torsional moment of resistance, T, of the section would be
(a) 2τAmt (b) 4τAmt (c) τAmt (d) 0.5τAmt

22. Ans: (a)

Sol:

(AM)
For thin walled circular tubes, t

Torsional moment of resistance = 2τAmt

where, τ = shear stress,
Am = Area enclosed by median line,
t = thickness of tube.

End of Solution

23. The notation “SC” as per Indian Standard Soil Classification System refers to
(a) Clayey sand (b) Silty clay (c) Clayey silt (d) Sandy clay

23. Ans: (a)

Sol: The symbol SC refers to Clayey Sand.

End of Solution

24. Analysis of a water sample revealed that the sample contains the following species.
CO32-, Na+ , H+ , PO43- , Al3+ , H2CO3, Cl-, Ca2+ , Mg2+ , HCO3-, Fe2+ , OH-

Concentrations of which of the species will be required to compute alkalinity?
(a) H+, H2CO3, HCO3-, OH- (b) CO32-, H+, HCO3-, OH-

(c) CO32- , H+, H2CO3, HCO3- (d) CO32-, H2CO3, HCO3-, OH-

24. Ans: (b)

Sol: At pH < 4.3 there is no alkalinity present there is only free mineral acidity and dissolved carbon dioxide expressed
as carbonic acid H2CO3-. Therefore H2CO3- doesn’t contribute alkalinity remaining substances CO32-, HCO3-, OH-
directly cause alkalinity and it also require H+ ions to calculate OH−.

End of Solution
19 CE_GATE_19_Questions with Detailed Solutions

25. The velocity field in a flow system is given by v = 2i + (x + y) j + (xyz)k. The acceleration of the fluid at (1, 1,
2) is
(a) j + k (b) 4j + 10k (c) 2 i + 10 k (d) 4i + 12 k

25. Ans: (b)

Sol:
V = 2Si + ^x + y hTj + ^xyzh V
k
2u 2u 2 u 2u
a x = u 2 x + v 2 y + w 2z + 2t = 0

a y = u 2x + v 2y + w 2z + 2t = 2 ]1 g + ^x + y h]1 g + xyz ]0 g + 0
2v 2v 2v 2v

= x+y+2 = 1+1+2 = 4

a z = u 2x + v 2y + w 2z + 2t = 2 ^yzh + ^x + yh]xzg + xyz ^xyh + 0

2w 2w 2w 2w

= 2yz + x2 z + xyz + x2 y2 z

= 2 ]1 g]2g + 12 ]2g + 1 ]1 g]2g + 12 # 12 # 2

= 4 + 2 + 2+ 2 = 10

` a = a x Si + a yTj + a z V
k = oSi + 4Tj + 10V
k

= 4Tj + 10V
k

End of Solution

26. Consider the reactor shown in the figure. The flow rate through the reactor is Q m3/h. The concentrations (in
mg/L) of a compound in the influent and effluent are Co and C, respectively. The compound is degraded in the
reactor following the first order reaction. The mixing condition of the reactor can be varied such that the reactor
becomes either a completely mixed flow reactor (CMFR) or a plug-flow reactor (PFR). The length of the reactor
can be adjusted in these two mixing conditions to LCMFR and LPFR while keeping the cross-section of the reactor
constant. Assuming steady state and for C/Co = 0.8, the value of LCMFR/LPFR (round off to 2 decimal places) is
___

Q, C0 Q, C

L
20 Civil Engineering_GATE_19 (Session-2)

26. Ans: 1.12

C
Sol: C = 0.8
0
For CMFR For PFR
Q (Co− C) = kC.V dC
U z dZ = - kC
Vk d C n
-1

Q = Co - C Multiply with area, A

dC
Co - C Q dZ = - kC.A
= C
C L
Co
= C -1 Q # dC -
C = kA # dZ
Co o
1
= 0.8 - 1
Qln d C n = - kAL = - kV
C
0.2 o
= 0.8
∴ Q = - ,n ^0.8h = 0.223
Vk
1
= 4 = 0.25

c Vk m
Q CMFR
` = = 0.25 = L CMFR
0.2231 1.12 L PFR
c Vk m
Q PFR

End of Solution

27. The probability density function of a continuous random variable distributed uniformly between x and y (for y >
x) is
1 1
(a) - (b) - (c) x - y (d) y -x
y x x y

27. Ans: (a)

Sol: We know that the probability density functions of uniform distributions in [x, y] is

f] t g
1
x#t#y
yx
0 otherwise

End of Solution

28. Two identical pipes (i.e., having the same length, same diameter, and same roughness) are used to withdraw
water from a reservoir. In the first case, they are attached in series and discharge freely into the atmosphere. In
the second case, they are attached in parallel and also discharge freely into the atmosphere. Neglecting all minor
losses, and assuming that the friction factor is same in both the cases,t eh ratio of the discharge in the parallel
arrangement to that in the series arrangement (round off to 2 decimal places) is _______.
21 CE_GATE_19_Questions with Detailed Solutions

28. Ans: 2.83

Sol: 

Applying Bernoulli’s equation between free surface and exit we get

v2
H = h f + 2g

Neglecting kinetic energy head at exit

H = h f ------ ( 1)

for series combination

h f = h f 1 + h f2

fLQ2s fLQ2s
= +
12.1D5 12.1D5
2fLQ2s
i .e H = ------- (2) _
12.1D5

for parallel combination

Q1 = Q2 = c m
Qp
h f = h f1 = h f2 &
2

fL c
m
Qp 2
2
i.e H =
12.1 D5
fLQ2p
H= ------- (3)
4 # 12.1 D5

from 2 & 3

2 fLQ2s fLQ2p
=
12.1 D5 4 # 12.1 D5
Qp
i.e Q = 8 = 2.83
S

End of Solution
22 Civil Engineering_GATE_19 (Session-2)
23 CE_GATE_19_Questions with Detailed Solutions

29. The speed-density relationship of a highway is given as

u = 100 − 0.5k
where, u = speed in km per hour, k = density in vehicles per km. The maximum flow (in vehicles per hour,
round off to the nearest integer is ) _______

29. Ans: 5000 veh/hr

Sol: Given speed (u) - density (k) relation

u = 100 − 0.5k
when u = 0, k = kmax
∴ 0 = 100 − 0.5 kmax
kmax = 200 veh/km
when k = 0, u = umax
umax = 100 kmph
For Greenshield’s linear speed - density model

k V 200 100
q max = 2max # 2max = 2 # 2 = 5000 veh/hr

End of Solution

30. A rolled I-section beam is supported on a 75 mm wide bearing plate as shown in figure. Thickness of flange
and web of the I-section are 20 mm and 8 mm, respectively. Root radius of the I-section is 10 mm. Assume:
material yield stress, fy = 250 MPa and partial safety factor for material, γ mo = 1.10

Beam (I - Section)

Bearing Plate

75 mm

As per IS : 800-2007, the web bearing strength (in kN, round off to 2 decimal places) of the beam is ___
24 Civil Engineering_GATE_19 (Session-2)

30. Ans: 272.72

Sol: tf
r

tw
W1
r
tf α

Thickness of web (tw) = 8 mm
Thickness of flange (tf) = 20 mm
Radius of roof (r) = 10 m
width of support (b1) (or support reaction) = 75 mm
As per IS 800:2007
Load distribution angle (α) = 21.8o [1V : 2.5H]

fy 250
Design bearing strength of steel = = 1.1 MPa
mo

⇒ Width of critical section @ root resisting web crippling due to high bearing stress (w1) = b1 + 2.5(tf+ r)
= 75 + 2.5 (20 + 10)
= 150 mm
fy
⇒ Total load carrying capacity of web with respect to web crippling = w1 × tw ×
mo

= 272.72 kN

End of Solution

31. The critical bending compressive stress in the extreme fibre of a structural steel section is 1000 MPa. It is given
that the yield strength of the steel is 250 MPa, width of flange is 250 mm and thickness of flange is 15 mm. As
per the provisions of IS : 800 -2007, the non-dimensional slenderness ratio of the steel cross-section is
(a) 0.25 (b) 0.75 (c) 2.00 (d) 0.50

31. Ans: (d)

Sol: Yield stress of steel fy = 250 N/mm2
Critical bending compressive stress in the extreme fiber fcr,b = 1000 N/mm2
Non dimensional effective slenderness ratio of the steel cross section as per IS800:2007 (lLT)

fy 250
LT = fcr,b = 1000 = 0.5

End of Solution
25 CE_GATE_19_Questions with Detailed Solutions

32. A confined aquifer of 15 m constant thickness is sandwiched between two aquicludes as shown in the figure
(not drawn to scale)
Peizometer P

Peizometer Q

Piezom
etric Su
rface
55.2 m
Aquiclude

34.1 m

L = 250
0m
Aquiclude

Reference Datum

The heads indicated by two piezometers P and Q are 55.2 m and 34.1 m, respectively. The aquifer has a hydrau-
lic conductivity of 80 m/day and its effective porosity is 0.25. If the distance between the piezometers is 2500
m, the time taken by the water to travel through the aquifer from piezometer location P to Q (in days, round off
to 1 decimal place) is ____

32. Ans: 925.7

Sol: Discharge velocity, V = k i

V k b h1 L h2 l

80 b 55.2 34.1 l 0.6752 m/day

2500

Porosity, n = 0.25
∴ Seepage velocity, Vs = V
n

= 0=
.6752
2.7008 m/day
0.25
L = 2500
Time taken = Vs 2.7008 = 925.65 days say 925.7 days

End of Solution
26 Civil Engineering_GATE_19 (Session-2)

33. When a specimen of M25 concrete is loaded to a stress level of 12.5 MPa, a strain of 500 × 10-6 is recorded. If
this load is allowed to stand for a long time, the strain increases to 1000 × 10-6 . In accordance with the provi-
sions of IS:456-2000, considering the long-term effects, the effective modulus of elasticity of the concrete (in
MPa) is ______

33. Ans: 12500

E
Effective modulus of elastic E ce c
1

=
=
E c 5000 fck 5000 25 = 25000 MPa

Creep coefficient ]g elastic strain

creep strain

longterm strain − elastic strain

= elastic strain
^1000 # 10 -6h ^500 # 10 -6h
= 1
^500 # 10 -6h

25000
∴ E ce 12500 MPa
11

End of Solution

34. For a plane stress problem, the state of stress at a point P is represented by the stress element as shown in figure.
20 MPa

25 MPa

80 MPa 80 MPa

25 MPa

20 MPa

By how much angle (θ) in degrees the stress element should be rotated in order to get the planes of maximum
shear stress?

θ
(a) 48.3 (b) 31.7 (c) 26.6 (d) 13.3
27 CE_GATE_19_Questions with Detailed Solutions

34. Ans: (b)

Sol: σx = 80 MPa, σy = − 20 MPa, τxy = − 25 MPa,
Angle of major principal plane :

2 xy 2 ^- 25h
tan 2 p =
_ x - y i 80 - ^- 20h
=

θP = -13.28o
Angle of maximum shear stress plane
= θP + 45 = -13.28 + 45 = 31.7o

End of Solution

35. Constant head permeability tests were performed on two soil specimens. S1 and S2. The ratio of height of the two
specimens (LS1 : LS2) is 1.5, the ratio of the diameter of specimens (DS1 : DS2) is 0.5, and the ratio of the constant
head (hs1: hS2) applied on the specimens is 2.0. If the discharge from both the specimens is equal, the ratio of the
permeability of the soil specimens (ks1: kS2) is _____

35. Ans: 3
Sol: Q=k iA
k # h # D2
L 4

b l
Q1 k1 h1 L2 D1 2
=
Q2 k2 h2 L1 D2
k 1
1 = k1 # 2 # 1.5 # 0.52
2

k1 =
k2 3

End of Solution

36. A long uniformly distributed load of 10 kN/m and a concentrated load of 60 kN are moving together on the
beam ABCD shown in figure (not drawn to scale). The relative positions of the two loads are not fixed. The
maximum shear force (in kN, round off to the nearest integer) caused at the internal hinge B due to the two
loads is ______.

Internal hinge
A B C D

2m 2m 4m
28 Civil Engineering_GATE_19 (Session-2)

36. Ans: 70
Sol:
Internal hinge
A B C D

RA 2m 2m 4m

10 kN/m
60 kN

ILD for SFB

Maximum SF at B = 10 ; 2 # 2 # 1E + 60 # 1
1

= 70 kN

End of Solution

37. Chlorine is used as the disinfectant in a municipal water treatment plant. It achieves 50 percent of disinfection
efficiency measure in terms of killing the indicator microorganisms (E-coil) in 3 minutes. The minimum time
required to achieve 99 percent disinfection efficiency would be
(a) 9.93 minutes (b) 11.93 minutes (c) 21.93 minutes (d) 19.39 minutes

37. Ans: (d)

Sol: η1 = 50 %, t1 = 3 min

1 61 e -k # t @ # 100
1

50 61 e -k # 3@ # 100

k = 0.231 min-1
η2 = 99 %, t2 = ?

2 61 e -k # t @ # 100
2

99 61 e -0.231 # t @ # 100
2

t2 = 19.93 min

End of Solution
29 CE_GATE_19_Questions with Detailed Solutions
30 Civil Engineering_GATE_19 (Session-2)

38. In the context of provisions relating to durability of concrete, consider the following assertions:
Assertion (1): As per is 456-2000, air entrainment to the extent of 3% to 6% is required for concrete exposed to
marine environment.
Assertion (2): The equipment alkali content (in terms of Na2O equivalent) for a cement containing 1% and 0.6%
of Na2O and K2O, respectively is approximately 1.4% (rounded to 1 decimal place)
Which one of the following statements is CORRECT?
(a) Assertion (1) is FALSE and Assertion (2) is TRUE
(b) Assertion (1) is TRUE and Assertion (2) is FALSE
(c) Both Assertion (1) and Assertion (2) are FALSE
(d) Both Assertion (1) and Assertion (2) are TRUE

38. Ans: (a)

Sol: As per clause 8.2.2.3 of IS 456-2000, entrained air percentage of 3 to 6% is required to resist freezing and thawing,
i.e. not for marine environment.
Hence, Assertion (1) is wrong
Equivalent alkali content is terms of Na2O
= 6Na2 O@ + 0.685 6K2 O@
= 1 + 0.685 × 0.6 = 1.41%
Hence, Assertion (2) is correct.

End of Solution

39. Raw municipal solid waste (MSW) collected from a city contains 70% decomposable material that can be converted
to methane. The water content of the decomposable material is 35o. An elementj analysis of the decomposable
material yields the following mass percent?
C : H : O : N : other = 44 : 6 : 43 : 0.8 : 6.2
The methane production of the decomposable material is governed by the following stoichiometric relation.
CaHbOcNd + nH2O →mCH4 + sCOˍ2 + dNH3
Given atomic weights : C = 12, H = 1, O = 16, N = 14. The mass of methane produced (in grams, round off to 1
decimal place) per kg of raw MSW will be_____
31 CE_GATE_19_Questions with Detailed Solutions

39. Ans: 151.8

Sol:
C: H : O : N = 44 : 6 : 43 :0.8
⇒ a = 44 , b = 6, c = 43 , d = 0.8

Ca Hb Oc Nd + n H2O → m CH4 + s CO2 + d NH3

By balancing the equation,

m + s = 44 ------(1)
4m - 2n = 3.6 -----(2)
2s - n = 43 ------(3)
By solving m = 11.7

Molecular weight of C44 H6 O43 N0.8 = 44×12 + 6×1 + 43×16 + 0.8×14 = 1233.2
Molecular weight of 11.7 CH4 = 11.7 × (12 + 4 ×1) = 187.2
1233.2 parts of MSW produce = 187.2 parts of CH4 gas

187.2
1 part of MSW produce = 1233 .2 parts of CH4 gas
187.2 #
1 kg of MSW produce = 1233 .2 1 kg of CH 4 gas

Mass of methane gas produced = 0.1518 kg = 151.8 gm

End of Solution

40. A series of perpendicular offsets taken from a curved boundary wall to a straight survey line at an interval of 6 m
are 1.22, 1.67, 2.04, 2.34, 2.14, 1.87 and 1.15 m. The area (in m2, round off to 2 decimal places) bounded by the
survey line, curved boundary wall, the first and the last offsets, determined using Simpson’s rule is ______.

40. Ans: 68.5

Sol: By using Simpson’s rule:

A = 3 7^first + last h + 2 ^oddh + 4 ^Even hA

= 3 7^1.22 + 1.15 h + 2 ^2.04 + 2.14 h + 4 ^1.67 + 2.34 + 1.87 hA

= 68.5 m2
Simpson’s rule is applicable for odd number of ordinates and also for curved boundaries.

End of Solution
32 Civil Engineering_GATE_19 (Session-2)

RS V
SS2 3 4WWW
41. The inverse of the matrix SS4 3 1 WW is
SS W
1 2 4W
T X
SRS WV
R V SS 2 - 4 - 9 WW
SS- 10 4 9 WW 5 5W
S W SS 4 14 WWW
(a) SS 15 - 4 - 14WW (b) SS- 3
5 5 WW
SS W SS
S - 5 1 6 WW SS 1 W
T X S - 1 - 6 WWW
5 5
T X
SRS 4 9 WW
V
SS- 2 W RS V
S
5 5 W
W SS10 - 4 - 9WWW
(c) SSS 3 - 4 - 14 WWW (d) SS- 15 4 14WW
SS 5 5W SS W
SS- 1 1 6 WW S5 - 1 - 6WW
S 5 5 WW T X
T X

41. Ans: (c)

RS V
SS2 3 4WWW
Sol: Let A = SS4 3 1 WW
SS W
1 2 4W
T X
det (A) = 2(12 - 2) - 3 (16 - 1) + 4 (8 -3)
= 2(10) - 3 (15) + 4(5)
det (A) = - 5
Minor of 2 = 12 - 2 = 10
Minor of 3 = 16 - 1 = 15
Minor of 4 = 8- 3 = 5
Minor of 4 = 12 - 8 = 4
Minor of 3 = 8 - 4 = 4
Minor of 1 = 4 - 3 = 1
Minor of 1 = 3 - 12 = -9
Minor of 2 = 2 - 16 = -14
Minor of 4 = 6 - 12 = -6
RS V
SS10 15 5 WWW
Cofactors of A SS 4 4 1WW
SS W
S 9 14 6WW
T X
adj A = (cofactors of A)T
RS V
SS 10 4 9WWW
adj A SS 15 4 14 WW
SS W
S 5 1 6WW
T X
RS V
S 10 4 9WW
adjA 1 SS WW
` A -1
5 SS 15 4 14 WW
A SS 5 1 6WW
T X
33 CE_GATE_19_Questions with Detailed Solutions

SRS 4
V
9 WW
SS 2 5 5 WW
SS 4 14 WWW
A SS 3 5
-1
5 WW
SS
SS 1 1 6 WW
S 5 5 WW
T X
Option (c) is correct

End of Solution

42. The ordinates, u, of a 2-hour unit hydrograph (i.e., for 1 cm of effective rain), for a catchment are shown in the
table.

r(hour) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
u(m3/s) 0 2 8 18 32 45 30 19 12 7 3 1 0

A 6-hour storm occurs over the catchment such that the effective rainfall intensity is 1 cm/hour for the first two
hours, zero for the next two hours, and 0.5 cm/hour for the last two hours. If the base flow is constant at 5 m3/s.
The peak flow due to this storm (in m3/s round off to 1 decimal place) will be ______

42. Ans: 97
Sol:
log 2h log 4 hu
1st DRH, 2nd DRH, 3rd DRH,
Time 2h UH Total DRH BF
R1 = 2 cm R2 = 0 R3 = 1 cm
0 0 0 - - 0
1 2 4 - - 4
2 8 16 0 - 16
3 18 36 0 - 36
4 32 64 0 0 64
5 45 90 0 2 92 5 (97 m3/s)
6 30 60 0 8 68
7 19 38 0 18 56
8 12 24 0 32 56
9 7 14 0 45 59
10 3 6 0 30 36
11 1 2 0 19 21
12 0 0 0 12 12
34 Civil Engineering_GATE_19 (Session-2)

43. At the foot of a spillway, water flows at a depth of 23 cm with a velocity of 8.1 m/s, as shown in the figure.

Hydraulic
Jump
Spilway
y1 = ?
23 cm

1
The flow enters as an M-3 profile in the long wide rectangular channel with bed slope = 1800 and Manning’s
n = 0.015. A hydraulic jump is formed at a certain distance from the foot of the spillway. Assume the acceleration
due to gravity, g = 9.81 m/s2. Just before the hydraulic jump, the depth of flow y1 (in m, round off to 2 decimal
places is ______

43. Ans: 0.42 m

Sol:

NDL yn = y2
CDL
Hydraulic
Jump
Spilway
M3
y1

y = 23 cm for M3: y < yc < yn

q = V× y = 8.1 × 0.23 = 1.863 m2/s

Hydraulic jump will be formed when depth of water changes from super critical depth to subcritical depth.
For mild slopes, normal depth is more than the critical depth (yn > yc)
⇒The flow after the jump is considered as uniform flow for which the depth is yn.
Consider post jump depth y2 = yn

Calculation of yn :

q 1
V = y = n R2/3 .S1/2
n

1.863 = 1 _ y2/3 ic 1 m1/2

q= yn 0.015 n 1800
35 CE_GATE_19_Questions with Detailed Solutions

⇒ yn = 1.11 m = y2

q2
F r2 = 3
gy2
2

1.8632
=
9.81 # 1.11 3
Fr = 0.5082

y1 = 22 8- 1 + 1 + 8F r2 B
y
2

= .2 8- 1 + 1 + 8 # 0.5082B
1 11

= 0.417

End of Solution
44. A flexible pavement has the following class loads during a particular hour of the day.
i. 80 buses with 2-axles (each axle load of 40 kN);
ii. 160 trucks with 2-axles (from and rear axle loads of 40 kN and 80 kN, respectively)
The equivalent standard axle load repetitions for this vehicle combination as per IRC : 37-2012 would be
(a) 180 (b) 250 (c) 240 (d) 320

44. Ans: (a)

Sol: Given,
80 buses with 2 axles, each axle load is 40 kN
∴No. of repetitions of 40 kN, N1 = 80 × 2 = 160
160 trucks,with, front axle local = 40 kN
No. of repetitions of 40 kN, N2 = 160
Rear axle load of 80 kN, No. of trucks, N3 = 160
∴ Equivalent standard axle repetitions, in terms of standard axle load 80 kN is

= _ N1 + N2 i; 80
40 E4 + ;80 E4
N 3 80

= ^160 + 160 h; 80
40 E4 +
160 ;80 E = 180 (Standard axles)
80 4

End of Solution

45. A square footing of 2 m sides rests on the surface of a homogeneous soil bed having the properties cohesion c =
24 kPa, angle of internal friction φ = 25o and unit weight γ 18 kN/m3. Terzaghi’s bearing capacity factors for φ =
25o are Nc = 25.1. Nq = 12.7, Nγ = 9.7, Nlc = 14.8 , Nlq = 5.6 , and Nlc = 3.2 . The ultimate bearing capacity of the
foundation (in kPa, round off to 2 decimal places is ______.
36 Civil Engineering_GATE_19 (Session-2)

45. Ans: 353.92

Sol:
For surface footing, Df = 0
Since φ value given (25°) is less than 29°, the soil undergoes local shear failure.

For LSF, q u 1.3 C m N cl D f N ql 0.4 B Nl [square footing]

1.3 # 2 # C N cl 0 0.4 B Nl

1.3 # 2 # 24 # 14.8 0 0.4 # 18 # 2 # 3.2

= 353.92 kPa

End of Solution

46. A broad gauge railway line passes through a horizontal curved section (radius = 875 m) of length 200 m. The al-
lowable speed on this portion is 100 km/h. For calculating the cant, consider the gauge as centre-to-centre distance
between the rail heads, equal to 1750 mm. The maximum permissible cant (in mm, round off to 1 decimal place)
with respect to the centre-to-centre distance between the rail heads is _____

46. Ans: 82.5 mm

Sol: Given BG railway track, G = 1750 mm = 1.750 m (c/c)
Radius of curve, R = 875 m
Length of curve, l = 200 m
Allowable speed, Vmax = 100 kmph
For normal speed, BG track cant deficiency allowed, ed = cd = 75 mm = 0.075 m
We’ve eth = ea+ ed ∴ where = ea = actual cant
eth = theoritical cant with respect to Vmax
GV2 max
127R = e a + e d
1.750 # 1002 = +
127 # 875 e a 0.075

ea = 0.08248 m = 82.48 mm ≈ 82.5 mm

End of Solution

47. A timber pile of length 8 m and diameter 0.2 m is driven with a 20 kN drop hammer, falling freely from a height of
1.5 m. The total penetration of the pile in the last 5 blows is 40 mm. Use the Engineering News Record expression.
Assume a factor of safety of 6 and empirical factor (allowing reduction in the theoretical set, due to energy losses)
of 2.5 cm, The safe load carrying capacity of the pile (in kN, round off to 2 decimal places) is _____.
37 CE_GATE_19_Questions with Detailed Solutions
38 Civil Engineering_GATE_19 (Session-2)

47. Ans: 151.52

Sol:
w h h
Q safe
F ^S Ch
40
S = set value == 5 8=
mm 0.8 cm
C = 2.5 cm, F = 6 , W = 20 kN,
h = 1.5 m = 150 cm
Take, ηh = 100 %

20 # 150 # 1
Q safe
6 ^0.8 2.5h

= 151.5152 kN say 151.52 kN

End of Solution

48. The dimensions of a soil sample are given in the table.

Parameter Cutting edge Sampling tube
Inside diameter (mm) 80 86
Outside diameter (mm) 100 90

For this sampler, the outside clearance ratio 9in percent, round off to 2 decimal places) is ______.

48. Ans: 11.11

Sol: D4

D3
Sampling tube

Given, D1 = 80 , D2 = 100, D3 = 86, D4 = 90

D1
Outside clearance D2D 4D 4 # 100 Cutting edge
D2

100 90 # 100
90 Sampler

= 11.1111 % say 11.11 %

End of Solution
39 CE_GATE_19_Questions with Detailed Solutions

49. A camera with a focal length of 20 cm fitted in an aircraft is used for taking vertical aerial photographs of a terrain.
The average elevation of the terrain is 1200 m above mean sea level (MSL). What is the height above MSL at
which an aircraft must fly in order to get the aerial photographs at a scale of 1 : 8000?
(a) 2600 m (b) 3000 m (c) 3200 m (d) 2800 m

49. Ans: (d)

Sol: f = 20 cm, h = 1200 m, H = ?
S = 1:800
f
Scale of map = S =
_H - h i
1 0.2
800 = H - 1200
⇒ H = 2800 m

End of Solution

50. Consider the hemi-spherical tank of radius 13 m as shown in the figure (not drawn to scale). What is the volume
of water (in m3) when the depth of water at the centre of the tank is 6 m?

13 m

(a) 156 π (b) 468 π (c) 78 π (d) 396 π

50. Ans: (d)

Sol:
13 13

v = # πr dh = π # _ R2 - h2 i dh
2

7 7 h R
=
13
= :R h - h D
3 13
m
2
r
3 7 6m

= ':132 # 13 - 13 D - :132 # 7 - 7 D1 #
3 3
3 3

= 396

End of Solution
40 Civil Engineering_GATE_19 (Session-2)

51. A plane frame shown in the figure (not to scale) has linear elastic springs at node H. The spring constants are kx =
ky = 5 # 105 kN/m and kθ = 3 # 105 kNm/rad.
Kθ
Internal
30 kNm hinge H
F G Kx
Ky

3m 3m

For the externally applied moment of 30 kNm at node F, the rotation (in degrees, round off to 3 decimals) ob-
served in the rotational spring at node H is ____.

51. Ans: 0.006 degree

Sol: Since horizontal reaction at E = Hc = 0
Bending moment at F for member FE = MFE = 0
Member FH behaves like propped cantilever beam
30 kN - m V
F 3m 3m H F 3m
G
G
VF V
FBD of FG
ΣmF = 0
v = 10 kN

3m H
G

FBD of FG
v × 3 = kθ × θ

FBD OF GH

M H = V # 3 = ki #
10 # 3
= = 10 -4 rad
3 # 105
= 0.0057 deg
End of Solution
41 CE_GATE_19_Questions with Detailed Solutions

52. An ordinary differential equation is given below.

c m]x ln xg = y
dy

dx
The solution for the above equation is
(Note: K denotes a constant in the options)
(a) y = Kxe -x (b) y = K ln x (c) y = Kx ln x (d) y = Kxe x

52. Ans: (B)

Sol: dx ^x log xh = y
dy

on separating the variables

# 1 = # 1 b let
= , x dx dt l
log x t=
1
y dy x log x dx

log y # 1t dt log k
logy = logt + logk
⇒ y = kt
(or) y = k logx

End of Solution

53. A water treatment plant treats 6000 m3 of water per day. As a part of the treatment process, discrete particles are
required to be settled in a clarifier. A column test indicates that an overflow rate of 1.5 m per hour would produce
the desired removed of particles through setting in the clarifier having a depth of 3.0 m. The volume of the re-
quired clarifier, (in m3, round off to 1 decimal place) would be_______

53. Ans: 500

= 6000
= 250 m3 /hr
Sol: Q = 6000 m3/day = 24
v0 = 1.5 m/hr
Q
= = 250 = 166.66 m2
Surface area v 0 1.5
Depth , H = 3 m
Volume of clarifies = Surface area × depth
= 166.66 × 3 = 500 m3

End of Solution
42 Civil Engineering_GATE_19 (Session-2)

54. The uniform arrival and uniform service rates observed on an approach road to a signalized intersection are 20 and
50 vehicles/minute, respectively. For this signal, the red time is 30 x. the effective green time is 30 s and the cycle
is length is 60 s. Assuming that initially there are no vehicles in the queue, the average delay per vehicle using the
approach road during a cycle length (in x, round off to 2 decimal places) is____________.

54. Ans: 12.5

Sol: Effective green time, Ci = 30 sec,
Cycle length, Co = 60 sec
Normal flow (uniform arrival), qi = 20 veh/minute
Saturation flow (uniform service rate), si = 50 veh/minute
Webster’s Delay

C o ; G i E2
2 1 Co
di
;1 i E
q
si

60 b 30 l2
2 1 60
di 12.5 sec
b1 20 l
50

End of Solution

55. A 2 m × 4 m rectangular footing has to carry a uniformly distributed load of 120 kPa, As per the 2 : 1 disper-
sion method of stress distribution, the increment in vertical stress (in kPa) at a depth of 2 m below the footing
is ______

55. Ans: 40
Sol:
Q
z
]B Zg]L Zg for 2V to 1 H load dispersion

2 # 4 # 120 = 40 kPa

]2 2g ]4 2g

End of Solution
43 CE_GATE_19_Questions with Detailed Solutions
|CE-2019-Afternoon|

GENERAL APTITUDE

Q. No. 1 - 5 Carry One Mark Each

1. Daytime temperature in Delhi can ___ 40°C

(A) Peak (B) reach (C) get (D) stand

Key: (B)

2. The growth rate of ABC Motors in 2017 was the same ___ XYZ Motors in 2016.

(A) as those of (B) as that of (C) as that off (D) as off

Key: (B)

3. Suresh wanted to lay a new carpet in his new mansion with an area of 70 55 sq. mts. However
an area of 550 sq. mts had to be left out for flower pots. If the cost of carpet is Rs. 50 per sq.
mts, how much money (in Rs.) will be spent by Suresh for the carpet now?

(A) 1,65,000 (B) Rs. 1,92,500 (C) Rs. 1,27,500 (D) Rs. 2,75,000

Key: (A)

Sol: Area of carpet   70  55 sq.mts. = 3850 sq. mts.

Given, left out area for flower pots = 550 sq.mts.

 Required area of carpet  3850  550  3300 sq.mts.

 Cost of required carpet area  3300  50  Rs.1,65,000.

4. A retaining wall with measurements 30 m × 12 m × 6m was constructed with bricks of

dimensions 8 cm × 6cm. If 60% of the wall consists of bricks used for the construction is
______ lakhs

(A) 45 (B) 30 (C) 40 (D) 75

Key: (A)
Sol: From the given data, we have

Volume of wall =  30  12  6  2160m3

 2160  100  100  100cm 3  1m  100cm 
 2160 10 cm 6 3

 Volume of one brick  8  6  6 cm3  288cm3

60
 60% of volume of wall =   2160 106
100
 216  6 106  1296 106

1296 106
Number of bricks used in 60% of volume of wall =  4.5 106  45 lakhs.
288

5. Hima Das was ___ only Indian athlete to win___ gold for India.

(A) the, a (B) an, a (C) an, the (D) the, an

Key: (A)

Q. No. 6 - 10 Carry Two Marks Each

6. Population of state X increased by x% and the population of state Y increased by y% from 2001
to 2011. Assume that x is greater than y. Let P be the ratio of the population of state X to state Y
in a given year. The percentage increase in P from 2001 to 2011 is______.

100  x  y  100  x  y  x
(A) xy (B) (C) (D)
100  x 100  y y

Key: (B)
Sol: Given that,
P be the ratio of the population of state X to state Y in 2001.

Let, the population of state x in 2001= A

Population of state Y in 2001 =B

A
From (1),  P   2
B
Now population of state X increased by x% and population of state Y increased by y% from
2001 to 2011.
So from;

10  x 
 
 100   P  3 ; where P*  new ratio.
 
100  y 
B 
 100 

The pecent increase in P from 2001 to 2011 is

P*  P
 100; sin ce x  y.
P
 A 100  x  
 A
 100  
 B100  y B 
 
 req percentage increase   100
A
B
100  x 
  1  100
100  y 
100  x  100  y  100  x  y 
   100 
 100  y  100  y

7. The Newspaper report that over 500 hectares of tribal land spread across 28 tribal seetlements in
Mohinitampuram forest division have already been “alienated‟. A top forest official said, “First
the tribals are duped out of their land holdings. Second, the families thus rendered landless are
often forced to encroach further into the forests”. On the basis of the information available in
the paragraph, ___ is/are responsible for duping the tribals.
(A) The newspaper (B) Landless families

(C) forest officials (D) it cannot be inferred who

Key: (D)

8. An oil tank can be filled by pipe X in 5 hours and pipe Y in 4 hours, each pump working on its
own. When the oil tank is full and the drainage hole is open, the oil is drained in 20 hours. If
initially the tank was empty and someone started the two pumps together but left the drainage
hole open, how many hours will it tak for the tank to be filled? (Assume that the rate of drainage
is independent of the head)
(A) 2.50 (B) 1.50 (C) 2.00 (D) 4.00

Key: (A)
Sol: From the given data;

Pipe „X‟ can fill the tank in 5 hours

1
 Pipe 'X '  1 hour work 
5
Pipe „Y‟ can fill the tank in 4 hours

1
 Pipe 'Y '  1hour work 
4
Let pipe „Z‟ can emptying the tank in 20 hours.
1
i.e, PipeZ  1 hour work 
20
1 1 1 8
 X  Y  Z  1hr work    
5 4 20 20
1  Total work
 Required time 
8 20  1 hour work
20 5
   2.5 hours.
8 2

9. Mohan, the manager, wants his four workers to work in pairs. No pair should work for more
than 5 hours. Ramand John have worked together for 5 hours. Krishna and Amir have worked
as a team for 2 hours. Krishna doesnot want to work with Ram. Whom should Mohan allot to
work with John, if he wants all the workers to continueworking?

(A) Amir (B) Krishna

(C) Ram (D) None of three

Key: (B)

Sol: Mohan  Manger

Ram John Krishan Amir  workers.

No pair should work for more than 5 hours.

Krishna & Amir worked together for 2 hours.

Ram & John have worked together for 5 hours.

Now we have to consider new pairs.

New pair
 present pair 
 Ram  John 
 
   New pair. ; Since Krishna does not want work with ram
Amir Krishna 

After „5‟ hrs; so
John    Krishna want to work with ram.

One pair.

Ram  Amir  Another pair.

 Mohan Should allot Krishna to work with John.

10. “Popular Hindi fiction, despite – or perhaps because of – its wide reach, often does not appear
in our cinema. As ideals that viewers are meant to look up to rather than identify with, Hindi
film protagonists usually read books of aspirational value: textbooks, English books, or high
value literature.”

Which one of the following CANNOT be inferred from the paragraph above?

(A) Textbooks, English books or high literature have aspirational value, but not popular Hindi
fiction

(B) Protagonists in Hindi movies, being ideals for viewers, read only books of aspirational value

(D) Though popular Hindi fiction has wide reach, it often does not appear in the movies

Key: (B)

CIVIL ENGINEERING

Q. No. 1 to 25 Carry One Mark Each

1. What is the curl of the vector fluid 2x 2 yi  5z1 j  4yzk ?

(A) 14zi  2x 2 k (B) 6zi  4xj  2x 2 k

(C) 6zi  8xy  2x 2 yk (D) 14zi  6yj  2x 2 k

Key: (A)
Sol: Consider the vector field

F  2x 2 yi  5z 2 j  4yzk
i j k
  
curl F    F 
x y z
2x y 5z 2
2
4yz

        
 i   4yz    5z 2    j   4yz    2x 2 y    k   5z 2    2x 2 y  
 y z   x z   x y 
 Curl F  i  4z  10z   j 0  k  2x 
2

 Curl F  14z i  2x 2 k

2. Analysis of a water sample revealed that the sample contains the following species.

CO32 , Na  , H  , PO34 , Al3 , H 2 CO3 ,CI  ,Ca 2 , Mg 2 , HCO3 , Fe 2 ,OH 

Concentrations of which of the species will be required to compute alkalinity?

(A) CO32  , H  , HCO3 ,OH  (B) H  , H 2 CO3 , HCO3 ,OH 

(C) CO32 , H 2 CO3 , HCO3 ,OH  (D) CO32 , H  , H 2 CO3 , HCO3

Key: (A)
Sol:  Alkalinity in water caused by mainly OH  , CO32 and HCO3
 HCO3 and H 2 CO3 never come together.

3. The value of the function f(x) is given at n distinct values of x and its value is to be interpolated
at the point x* using all the n points.

The estimate is obtained first by the Lagrange polynomial, denoted by IL, and then by the
Newton polynomial, denoted by IN.
Which one of the following statements is correct?
(A) IL is always greater than IN
(B) No definite relation exists between IL and IN.
(C) IL is always less than IN
(D) IL and IN are always equal

Key: (D)

Sol: IL and I N are always equal, since the n th degree polynomial generated by the newton‟s divided
difference formula is the exact same polynomial generated by Lagrange formula. Thus, the error
is the same.

4. If the fineness modulus of a sample of the fine aggregates is 4.3, the mean size of the particle in
the sample is between

(A) 150 m and 300 m (B) 2.36 mm and 4.75 mm

Key: (D)
Sol: 150μm - 1
300μm - 2
600μm - 3
1.18mm - 4
2.36mm - 5
4.78 mm - 6

5. The command area of a canal grows only one crop, i.e., wheat. The base period of wheat is 120
days and its total water requirement,  , is 40 cm. If the canal discharge is 2 m3/s, the area, in
hectares, rounded off to the nearest integer, which could be irrigated (neglecting all losses), is
_______.
Key: (5184)
Sol: Base period (B) = 120 days
Delta (Δ) = 40cm=0.40m
Discharge (Q) = 2m3/sec
8.64B 8.64  120
Duty (D)    2592
 0.40
Area
Discharge (Q) =  A  Q  D  2  2592  5184 hectres
Duty

6. The characteristic compressive strength of concrete required is a project is 25 MPa and standard
deviation in the observed compressive strength expected at site is 4 MPa. The average
compressive strength of cubes tested at different water-cement (w/c) ratios using the same
material as is used for the project is given in the table.

w/c(%) 45 50 55 60

Average compressive Strength of cubes (MPa) 35 25 20 15

The water-cement ratio (in percent, round off to the lower integer) to be used in the mix is

Key: (46)
Sol: fck  25MPa
f m  fck  1.65  25  1.65  4  31.6MPa
From table
fm w / c
35 45
31.6 ?
25 50
From linear interpolation
35  25 45  50

35  31.6 45  x
 35  31.6 
45  x   45  50    
 10 
45  x  17  x  45  1.7  46.7

7. A solid sphere of radius, r, and made of material with density s , is moving through the
atmosphere (constant pressure, p) with a velocity,  . The net force ONLY due to atmospheric
pressure (Fp) acting on the sphere at any time, t, is

4 3 dv
(A) r s (B) zero (C) r 2 p (D) 4 2 p
3 dt
Key: (B)

8. An earthen dam of height H is made of cohesive soil whose cohesion and unit weight are c and
 , respectively. If the factor of safety against cohesion is Fc, the Taylor‟s stability

H Fc H c cFc
(A) (B) (C) (D)
cFc c Fc H H

Key: (C)
Sol: As per Taylors stability number method

C
Factor ofsafety(Fc ) 
Sn H
C
 Sn 
Fc H

9. A closed thin walled tube has thickness, t, mean enclosed area within the boundary of the
centrline of tube‟s thickness, Am, and shear stress . Torsional moment of resistance, T of the
section would be

(A) 2A m t (B) A m t (C) 0.5Am t (D) 4A m t

Key: (A)
T
Sol: Shear stress    T  2A m t
2A m t

10. For a channel section subjected to a downward vertical shear force at its centroid, which one of
the following represents the correct distribution of shear stress in flange and web?
(A) (B)

Key: (C)

11. The degree of static indeterminacy of the plane frame is shown in the figure is____

Hinge

Key: (15)
Sol: Number of support reactions, (r)  3  2  2  7
Number of members (m) = 21
Number of closed loops(C)=4
Degree of static indeterminacy  Ds   Dsi  Dse  3C   r  3

 3  4   7  3 12  4  16
Force releases = 1 at the Hinge Ds 16  1  15

12. Structural failures considered in the mechanistic method of bituminous pavement design are
(A) Fatique and shear (B) Rutting and shear

(C) Shear and slippage (D) Fatigue and Shear

Key: (D)
Sol: As per IRD, Fatigue and shear failure criteria‟s can be considered for the design of bituminous
pavement.

13. Which one of the options contains ONLY primary air pollutants?

(A) Hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides

(B) Nitrogen oxides and peroxyacetyl nitrate

(C) Ozone and peroxyacetyl nitrate

(D) Hydrocarbons and ozone

Key: (A)
Sol: Based on origin, air pollutants are classified into two categories
(i) Primary air pollutants: Particulates, CO, SOx, NOx, hydrocarbons …….etc.
(ii) Secondary air pollutants: Ozone, PAN, PBN, PPN, Smog…. etc.

14. The following inequality is true for all x close to 0.

x2 x sin x
2  2
3 1  cos x
x sin x
What is the value of lim ?
x  0 1  cos x

(A) 2 (B) 1/2 (C) 0 (D) 1

Key: (A)

x sin x  0  x cos x  sin x  0 

Sol: lim 
x 0 1  cos x 0
  lim    usin g Lhorpital rule
  x 0  sin x 0

x   sin n   cos x  cos x

 lim  Using L'Horpital rule
x 0  cos x
0 11 2
   2.
1 1

15. The velocity field in a flow system is given by v  2i   x  y  j   xyz  k. The acceleration of
the fluid at (1, 1, 2) is

(A) j+k (B) 2i + 10 k (C) 4j + 10k (D) 4i + 12 k

Key: (C)

Sol: Velocity field  v   2i   x  y  j   xyz  k

d  v   v   v n v 
Acceleration  a n      u  v. n  w 
dt  t   x y 
Temporal Convective acceleration
acceleration

Here, u  2; v  x  y; w  xyz; t  0; n is direction

   2   2
ax  0  2   2   x  y .   xyz 
x y z
ax  0
  
a y  0  2.  x  y    x  y   x  y    xyz   x  y 
w y z
ay  2  x  y
  
a z  0  2  xyz    x  y   xyz   xyz.  xyz 
x y z
 0  2.yz   x  y  xz   xyz xy
a z  2yz   x  y  xz   x 2 y 2 z

Acceleration  a x i  a y j  a z k

a  0   2  x  y  j   2yz   x  y  xz  x 2 y2z  k

a 1,1,2  0   2  1  1 j 2 1 2  1  11 2  12 12  2  k

 4j   4  4  2  k  4j  10k

16. A steel column is restrained against both translation and rotation at one end and is restrained
only against rotation but free to translate at the other end. Theoretical and design (IS: 800 –
2007) values, respectively, of effective length factor of the column are

(A) 1.0 and 1.0 (B) 1.2 and 1.0 (C) 1.0 and 1.2 (D) 1.2 and 1.2

Key: (C)
Sol: As per IS:800-2007
For column, restrained against both rotation and transalation at one end and restrained only
against rotation but free to translate at other end
Theoretical value of effective length factor = 1.0

Design value of effective length factor = 1.2

17. Euclindean norm (length) of the vector [4–2-6]T is

(A) 48 (B) 24 (C) 12 (D) 56

Key: (D)
Sol: Given, vector is
4 
 4  2  6   2 
T

 6 

 length of the vector  42   2    6   16  4  36  56

2 2

18. An inflow hydrograph is routed through a reservoir to produce an outflow hydrograph. The peak
flow of the inflow hydrograph is PI and the time of occurrence of the peak is tI. The peak flow
of the outflow hydrograph is P0 and the time of occurance of the peak is t0.

Which one of the following statements is correct?

(A) PI < P0 and tI > t0 (B) PI > P0 and tI > t0

Key: (D)

19. Construction of a new building founded on a clayey soil was completed in January 2010. In
January 2014, the average consolidation settlement of the foundation in clay was recorded as 10
mm. The ultimate consolidation settlement was estimated in design as 40 mm. Considering
double drainage to occur at the clayey soil site, the expected consolidation settlement in January
2019 (in mm, round off to the nearest integer) will be_________.

Key: (15)
Sol: January-2014
Time=4years
Consolidation settlement (S) = 10mm
Ultimate settlement (Sf) = 40mm
S 10
Degree of consolidation (U)   100   100  25%
Sf 40
January-2019
Time = 9years
Drainage is double drainage
 
U  60   Tv 1   U    Tv 1   0.25   0.0491
2 2

4 4
Cv .t  2
Tv  2
 U  U2  t
H 4

U12 t1  0.25 
2
4 9
    U 22   0.252
U 22 t 2 U 22 9 4

9
U2   0.252  0.375
4
otal consolidation = 40  0.375  15mm

20. The notation “SC” as per Indian standard Soil Classification System refers to

(A) Clayey silt (B) Sandy clay (C) Calyey sand (D) Silty clay

Key: (C)

21. The speed-density relationship in a mid-block section of a highway follows the Greenshield‟s
model. If the free flow speed is vf and the jam density is kj, the maximum flow observed on this
section is

vf k j vr k j vf k j
(A) (B) (C) vf k j (D)
2 8 4
Key: (D)
Exp: Maximum capacity  qmax   Vmax .Kmax
As per Greenshield's model
Vfreemean
Vmax will occur at
2
K Jam
K max will occur at
2
Vf k J Vf k J
Maximum capacity  q mean   
2 2 4

22. An anisotropic soil deposit has coefficient of permeability in vertical and horizontal directions
as kz and kx, respectively. For constructing a flow net, the horizontal dimension of the problem‟s
geometry is transformed by a multiplying factor of

kz kx kz kx
(A) (B) (C) (D)
kx kz kx kz
Key: (C)

23. The Laplace transform of sinh (at) is

s s a a
(A) (B) (C) (D)
s2  a 2 s2  a 2 s2  a  s2  a 2
Key: (C)
a
Sol: L sin h  at    , u sing definition of L.T.
s  a2
2

24. The data from a closed traverse survey PQRS (run in the clockwise direction) are given in the
table

Line Included angle (in degree)

PQ 88
QR 92
RS 94
SP 89

The closing error for the traverse PQRS (in degrees) is_______.

Key: (3)
Sol: In a closed traverse

Sum of interior angles  (2n  4)  90  (2  4  4)  90  360deg rees

Thesumof anglesgiven  88  92  94  89  363deg rees
Error  363  360  3deg rees

25. A vehicle is moving on a road of grade +4% at a speed of 20 m/s. Consider the coefficient of
rolling friction as 0.46 and acceleration due to gravity as 10 m/s2. On applying brakes to reach a
speed of 10 m/s, the required braking distance (in m, round off to nearest integer) along the
horizontal, is ______.

Key: (30)
Sol: Initial speed (Vf)=20m/sec
Coefficient of friction (μ) = 0.46
Final speed (Vf) = 10m/sec
Vi2 Vf2
Braking distance  
2g    0.01n  2g    0.01n 

Vi2  Vf2 202  102

   30m
2g    0.01n  2  10  0.46  0.01  4 

Q. No. 26 - 55 Carry Two Marks Each

26. A broad gauge railway line passes through a horizontal curved section (radius = 875 m) of
length 200 m. The allowable speed on this portion is 100 km/h. For calculating the cant consider
the gauge as centre-to-centre distance between the rail heads, equal to 1750mm, The maximum
permissible cant (in mm, round of to 1 decimal place) with respect to the centre-to-centre
distance between the rail heads is ______.

Key: (157.5)
Sol: For a railway track
G.V 2
Allowable cant  where V is in km/hr = 100
127R
1750 1002
Allowable cant  157.5mm
127 895

27. When a specimen of M25 concrete is loaded to a stress level of 12.5 MPa, a strain of 500×10 –6
is recorded. If this load is allowed to stand for a long time, the strain increases to 1000×10 –6. In
accordance with provisions of IS: 456-2000, considering the long-term effects, the effective
modulus of elasticity of the concrete (in MPa) is ________

Key: (12500)
EC
Sol: Effective modulus (or) long term modulus  E  
1 
E C  5000 f ck  5000 25  250000MPa
1000  106  500  106
creep coefficient     1
500  106
250000 25000
E   12500MPa.
11 2

28. The probability density function of a continuous random variable distributed uniformly between
x and y (for y > x) is
1 1
(A) (B) xy (C) yx (D)
xy yx
Key: (D)
Sol: The probability density function
1
f x  for y  x.
yx
[Using uniform distribution over [x, y] ]

29. The uniform arrival and uniform service rates observed on an approach road to a signalized
intersection are 20 and 50 vehicles/minutes, respectively. For this signal, the red time is 30 s,
the effective green time is 30 s, and the cycle length is 60s. Assuming that initially there are no
vehicles in the queue, the average delay per vehicle using the approach road during a cycle
length (in s, round off to 2 decimal places) is _______ .

Key: (12.5)
2
Co  G i 
1  
2  Co 
Sol: Average delay  di  
q
1 i
Si
Cycle length (Co) = 60 seconds
Normal flow (qi) = 20 veh/min
Saturation flow (Si) = 50 veh/min
60  30 
1
2  60 
di  12.5seconds
1  20 / 50

30. A rolled I-section beam is supported on a 75 mm wide bearing plate as shown in the figure.
Thickness of flange and web of the 1-section are 20 mm and 8mm, respectively. Root radius of
the I-section is 10mm. Assuming: material yield stress, fy = 250 MPa and partial safety factor
for material,  mo  1.10

Beam (I-section)

Bearing plate

75mm

As per IS: 800-2007, the web bearing strength (in kN, round off to 2 decimal places) of the
beam is _______

Key: (272.23)
Sol:

2.5H
root length

75mm

Effective are in bearing = [75 + 2.5(flange thickness + root length)] × 8

= [75 + 2.5(20 + 10)] × 8 = 1200 mm2

fy 250
So, web bearing strength  Ag  1200   103
1.1 1.1
 272.73 kN

31. The critical bending compressive stress in the extreme fibre of a structural steel section is 1000
MPa. It is given that the yield strength of the steel is 250 MPa, width of flange is 250 mm and
thickness of flange is 15 mm. As per the provisions of IS: 800-2007, the nondimensional
slendeness ratio of the steel crosssection is
(A) 0.50 (B) 2.00 (C) 0.25 (D) 0.75

Key: (A)
Sol: As per IS800 : 2007
fy 250
Non-dimensional slenderness ratio       0.5
f cr 1000

32. At the foot of a spillyway, water flows at a depth of 23 cm with a velocity of 8.1 m/s, as shown
in the figure.

Hydraulic
Jump

M-3 profile
Spillway 23cm yi  ?

1
The flow enters as an M-3 profile in the long wide rectangular channel with bed slope and
1800
Manning‟s n = 0.015. A hydraulic jump is formed at a certain distance from the foot of the
spillway. Assume the acceleration due to gravity, g = 9.81 m/s2. Just before the hydraulic jump,
the depth of flow y1 (in m, round off to 2 decimal places) is ________.

Key: (0.42)
Sol: Wide rectangular channel (B>>y)

A  B y
P  B  2y
A By By
R   y
P B  2y B y

Given profile is M3  NDL  CDL B

By manning‟s equation

1
Q  .A.R 2 3 .S1 2
n
1
Q  . By  .y 2 3 .S1 2
n
Q 1 53 12
 .y S
B n
AV 1 5 3 1 2
 .y S
B n
B.y V 1 5 3 1 2
 .y .S
B n
1
1  1  2
0.23  8.1   y5n 3  
0.015  1800 
y n  1.107m

Before the hydraullic jump, depth = y1

yn is the conjugate depth of y1

y1 1 
 1  1  8.Fn2 
yn 2  

 yn q2 
y1   1  1  8  
2 g.y3 

1.107  8  1.8632 
y1  1  1    0.42m
2  9.81 1.1073 
1/3 1/3
 q2   1.8632 
yc        0707m.
 g   9.81 

33. Consider the reactor shown in the figure. The concentration (in mg/l) of a compound in the
influent and effluent are C0 and C flow rate through the reactor is Q m3/h. The respectively. The
compound is degraded in the reactor following the first order reactions. The mixing condition of
the reactor (CMFR) or a plug-flow reactor (PFR). The length of the reactor can be adjusted in
these two mixing conditions to

LCMFR and LPER while keeping the cross-section of the reactor constant. Assuming steady state
and for C/C0 = 0.8, the value of LCMFR/LPER (round off to 2 decimal places) is _______

Key: (1.12)
C
Sol: Given  0.8
C0

For CMFR For PFR

C 1 C
  e  K
C0 1  K C0
1 e k2  0.8
0.8 
1  K1
0.8  0.8K1  1 K2  0.2231
0.8K1  0.2 K2  0.2231
K1  0.25

V1
K
K1 Q V1 A1  L1 0.25
     1.12
K2 K  2 V2 A 2  L2 0.2231
V
Q

34. A series of perpendicular offsets taken from a curved boundary wall to a straight survey line at
an interval of 6 m are 1.22, 1.67, 2.04, 2.34, 2.14, 1.87, and 1.15 m. The area (in m2, round off
to 2 decimal places) boundary by the survey line, curved boundary wall, the first and the last
offsets, determined using Simpson‟s rule, is _______.

Key: (68.56 )
Sol: Using simpson‟s rule, we have
xn
h
 f  x  dx  3  y
x0
0  yn   2  y2  y4  ...  yn 2   4  y1  y3  ...  y n 1  ... 1

Given data is

x x0 x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6
y  f  x  1.22 1.67 2.04 2.34 2.14 1.87 1.15

y0 y1 y2 y3 y4 y5 y6

Wher „y‟ denotes perpendicular off sets taken from a curved boundary wall to a straight survey
line [x-axis].

Required Area [from (1)];

6   
x6

x f  x  dx   1.22
 y
 1.15
 
  2  2.04  2.14   4 1.67  2.34  1.87  ; where h = 6.
3  
0  0 y6  

 2 2.37  2  4.18  4 5.88

 2 2.37  8.36  23.52  68.5m2 .

35. A water treatment plant treats 6000 m3 of water per day. As a part of the treatment process,
discrete particles are required to be settled in a clarifier. A column test indicates that an
overflow rate of 1.5 m per hour would produce the desired removal of particles through settling
in the clarifier having a depth of 3.0 m. The volume of the required clarifier, (in m3, round off to
1 decimal place) would be

Key: (500)
6000 3
Sol: Flow  Q   6000m3 / day  m /hr = 250m3 /h
24
Overflow rate  Vo  1.5m /h
3

Q 250
Area    166.67m 2
Vo 1.5
250
Volume  Area  depth   3  500m3
1.5

36. A flexible pavement has the following class of loads during a particular hour of the day.

(i) 80 buses with 2-axles (each axle load of 40 kN);

(ii) 160 trucks with 2-axles (front and rear axle loads of 40 kN and 80 kN, respectively)

The equivalent standard axle load repetitions for this vehicle combination as per IRC:37-2012
would be

(A) 320 (B) 250 (C) 240 (D) 180

Key: (D)
Sol: Standard axle load = 80kN
4 4 4
 40   40   80 
Equivalent standard axle load  280     160     160   
 80   80   80 
4 4
1 1
 160    160    160  14
2 2
 20  160  180

37. Constant head permeability tests were performed on two soil specimens, S1 and S2. The ratio of
height of the two specimens (LS1: LS2) is 1.5, the ratio of the diameter of specimens (DS1:DS2)
is 0.5, and the ratio of the constant head (hs1:hs2) applied on the specimens is 2.0. If the
discharge from both the specimens is equal, the ratio of the permeability of the soil specimens
(ks1:ks2) is ________

Key: (3)
 Ls 1  Ds 1  h s 1
Sol: 1.5 ;  0.5,  2.0
 Ls  2  Ds  2  h s 2
By constant head permeability test
QkiA
h kh  2 kh 2
Q  k A  d  Q  d
L L 4 L
k1h1 2
d1 2
Q1 L1 k1 h1 1  d1 
     
Q2 k h 2 d 2 k 2 h 2  L1   d 2 
2
L2
2  
 L2 

k1 1
As Q1  Q 2  1   2    0.5
2

k2 1.5
k1 1.1.5
 3
k 2 2  0.52

38. A long uniformly distributed load of 10 kN/m and a concentrated load of 60 kN are moving
together on the beam ABCD shown in the figure (not drawn to scale). The relative positions of
the two loads are not fixed. The maximum shear force (in kN, round off to the nearest integer)
caused at the internal hinge B due to the two loads is _______

Internal hinge

A B C D

2m 2m 4m
Key: (70)

Sol:

10kN/m
A
B C D

2m 2m 4m

Influence line for shear force at B.

From muller's brestance principle

1
1 
Maximum shear force  60  1   1 2  10
2 
 60  10  70kN

39. A square footing of 2m sides rests on the surface of a homogeneous soil bed having the
properties: cohesion c = 24 kPa, angle of internal friction   25, and unit weight

  18kN m3 . Terzaghi‟s bearing capacity factor   25 are Nc = 25.1, Nq = 12.7, N  9.7,
N 'c  14.8, Nq  5.6 and N  3.2. The ultimate bearing capacity of the foundation (in kPa,
round off to 2 decimal places) is ______.

Key: (353.92)
Sol:   25  29  Localshear failure
2 2
Cm  C   24 16kPa
3 3

As per Terraghi's theory

For square footing

Ultimate bearing capacity  q u  1.3Cm NC  Df Nq  0.4B. N 

 1.3 16 14.8  0  0.4  18  2  3.2
 307.84  46.08  353.92kPa

40. The dimensions of a soil sampler are given in the tale.

Parameter Cutting edge Sampling tube

Inside diameter (mm) 80 86

Outside diameter (mm) 100 90

For this sampler, the outside clearance ratio (in percent, round off to 2 decimal places) is
_________.

Key: (11.11)
Sol: D1  80mm D3  86mm
D2  100mm D4  90mm
D2  D4 100  90
Outside clearance ratio   100   100  11.11%
D4 90

41. A plane frame shown in the figure (not to scale) has linear elastic springs at node H. The spring
constants are kx = ky = 5 × 105 kN/m3 and k  = 3 × 105 kNm/rad.

k
30 kNm Internal
hinge H
F G kx
ky

3m 3m

For the externally applied moment of 30 kNm at node F, the rotation (in degrees, round off to 3
decimals) observed in the rotational spring at node H is ________.

Key: (0.006)

Sol: Since horizontal reaction at E  Hc  0

Bending moment at F for member FE  MFE  0

Member FH behaves like propped cantilever beam

30kN  m
3m
3m 3m H F

V
VF
FBD of FG
m F  0
v  10 kN

3m H

FBD of FG
FBD GH v  3  k  
MH  
V  3 K  
10  3
  104 rad  0.0057 deg
3  105

42. Chlorine is used as the disinfectant in a municipal water treatment plant. It achieves 50 percent
of disinfection efficiency measured in terms of killing the indicator microorganisms (E-Coli) in
3 minutes. The minimum time required to achieve 99 percent disinfection efficiency would be

(A) 9.93 minutes (B) 11.93 minutes

Key: (D)

Sol: Disinfection efficiency 1  50%

  1  e  k.t  0.50  1  e  k3
e3k  0.5

 3k  n0.5   3k  0.693  k  0.23 / mm

For   99%    1  e kt
0.99  1  e0.23 t  e0.23t  0.01
  0.23t  n  0.01   0.23t  4.60
 t  20minutes.

43. A confined aquifer of 15 m constant thickness is sandwiched between two aquicludes as shown
in the figure (not drawn to scale)

Piezometer P

Piezometer Q
Piezometric Surface

55.2m
Aquiclude
34.1m
Aquifier

Aquiclude

L  2500m

The heads indicated by two piezometers P and Q are 55.2 m and 34.1 m, respectively. The
aquifer has a hydraulic conductivity of 80 m/day and its effective porosity is 0.25. If the
distance between the piezometers is 2500 m, the time taken by the water to travel through the
aquifer from piezometer location P to Q (in days, round off to 1 decimal place) is ______.

Key: (925.65)
Sol: From the figure
h  55.2  34.1  21.1m
Length
time taken 
Seepagevelocity
h
k.
Seepage velocity Vs  
Velocity Ki
  L  kh
Porosity n n Ln
80m / day  21.1m
Vs   2.7008m / day
2500m  0.25
1 2500m
Time taken =   925.65days
Vs 2.7008m / day

44. For a plane stress problem, the state of stress at a point P is represented by the stress element as
shown in the figure.
20 MPa

25 MPa

80 MPa P 80 MPa

20 MPa

By how much angle () in degrees the stress element should be rotated in order to get the
planes of maximum shear stress?

(A) 26.6 (B) 48.3 (C) 31.7 (D) 13.3

Key: (C)
Sol: x  80MPa,   25MPa, y  20MPa 30,max 
A
B
Centre of Mohr's circle 80, 25
 x   y   80  20 
= , 0   ,0    30, 0 
 z   2  

C

Radius of Mohr's circle ,

 80   20  
2
 x   y 
2

    xy  
2
  25  55.9MPa
2

 2   2 
25
Tan   Tan 1  0.5  26.56
80  30
  90   90  26.56  63.44
63.44
Angle to be rotaed   31.7
2

2 3 4
45. The inverse of the matrix  4 3 1  is
 1 2 4 

 4 9  4 9 
 2 5  
5  2 5 5 
   
(A)  3 4 14 
(B)  3 4 
14 
 5 5   5 5
   
 1 1 6
   1 1 6 
 5 5   5 5 

 10 4 9   10 4 9 
(C)  15 4 14  (D)  15 4 14 
   
 5 1 6   5 1 6 

Key: (B)
 2 3 4
Sol: Let A   4 3 1 
1 2 4 

10 15 5 
T

 Adj A    4 4 1 &

 9 14 6
  
2 3 4
A  2 12  2  316  1  4 8  3
4 3 1
1 2 4

 A  20  45  20  5
10 15 5 
T

Adj  A 
   4 4 1
1 1
A 
A 5
 9 14 6 
 9
T
  4
 2 3 1  2 5 5
   
4 4 1  4 14 
A 
1
 3
5 5 5  5 5
 9 14   
 6  1 1 6
5 5 5  5 5 

46. Two identical pipes (i.e. having the same length, same diameter,and same roughness) are used
to withdraw water from a reservoir. In the first case, they are attached in series and also
discharge freely into the atmosphere. In the second case, they are attached in parallel and
friction factor is same in both the cases, the ratio of the discharge in the parallel arrangement to
that in the series arrangement (round off to 2 decimal places) is _____

Key: (2.83)
Sol: 1st case: Series connecton 2nd case: Parallel connection

1 2

For series connection For parallel connection

total head loss due to friction total head loss due to friction
Q
h f  h f1  h f2 is same in both pipes Q1  Q 2 
2
f1L1Q12 f 2 L 2 Q 22 Q
2
hf   fL  
12.1d15 12.1d 52 fLQ2II
h f   5 
2
4  12  d 5
  2fLQ 2I 12.1d
 h f1 
12.1d 5
as given  h f 2   h f 1
 h f 2
2
Q2 Q  Q
 II   II   8  II  8  2.83
 h f 1 4  QI  QI
2
2QI

47. A camera with a focal length of 20 cm fitted in an aircraft is used for taking vertical aerial
photographs of a terrain. The average elevation of the terrain is 1200 m above mean sea level
(MSL). What is the height above MSL at which an aircraft must fly in order to get the aerial
photographs at a scale of 1:8000?
(A) 3200 m (B) 2800 m (C) 2600 m (D) 3000 m

Key: (B)
Sol: We know that
f
Scale of photograph S
Hh
1 0.2

8000 H  1200
H  1200  8000  0.2
H  1200  1600  2800m

48. Raw municipal solid waste (MSW) collected from a city contains 70% decomposable material
that can be converted to methane. The water content of the decomposable material is 35%. An
elemental anlysis of the decomposable material yields the following mass percent.

C:H:O:N: other = 44:6:43:08:6.2

The methane production of the decomposable material is governed by the following

stoichiometric relation

Ca Hb Oc Nd  nH2 O  mCH4  sCO2  dNH3

Given atomic weight: C = 12, H = 1, O = 16, N = 14. The mass of methane produced (in grams,
round off to 1 decimal place) per kg of raw MSW will be _________.

Key: (*)

49. In the context of provisions relating to durability of concrete, consider the following assertion:
Assertion (1): As per IS 456-2000, aientrainment to the extent of 3% to 6% is required for
concrete exposed to marine environment.

Assertion (2): The equivalent alkali content (in terms of Na2O equivalent) for a cement
containing 1% and 0.6% of Na2O and K2O respectively, is approximately 1.4% (rounded to 1
decimal place).
Which one of the following statements is correct?

(A) Assertion (1) is true and Assertion (2) is FALSE

(B) Both Assertion (1) and Assertion (2) are TRUE
(C) Both Assertion (1) and Assertion 2) are FALSE

(D) Assertion (1) is false and Assertion (2) is TRUE

Key: (C)

50. The ordinates, u of a 2-hour unit hydrograph (i.e. for 1 cm of effective rain), for a catchment are
shown in the table.

Time 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Ordinates 0 2 8 18 32 45 30 19 12 7 3 1 0

A 6-hour storm occurs over the catchment such that the effective rainfall intensity is 1 cm/hour
for the first two hours, zero for the next two hours, and 0.5 cm/hour for the last two hours. If the
base flow is constant at 5 m3/s, the peak flow due to this storm (in m3/s, round off to 1 decimal
place) will be ________.

Key: (97)
Sol: For the first two hours  rainfall intensity = 1 cm/hr  rainfall = 2cm

2-4 hours 0
Time 2-hr UH 2hr × Prceci 2hr UH Lagged by 4 hr Total DRH
lagged by 2 R = 2 × 0.5 =
hr 1cm
0 0 0 – – 0
1 2 4 – – 4
2 8 18 0 – 16
3 18 36 0 – 36
4 32 64 0 0 64
5 45 90 0 2 92 = Peak
6 30 60 0 8 68
7 19 38 0 32 70
8 12 24 0 45 69
9 7 14 0 30 44
10 3 6 0 19 25
11 1 2 0 12 14
12 0 0 0 7 3

Peak of Flood=92+base flow=92+5=97

51. The speed-density relationship of a highway is given as u = 100 – 0.5 k

where, u = speed in km per hour, k = density in vehicles per km. The maximum flow (in
vehicles per hour, round off to the nearest integer) is ______.

Key: (5000)
Sol: Method-I
Given speed density relationship as u  100  0.5K
Capacity (q) = K. u = K 100  0.5K  100K  0.5K2
dq
For capacity to be maximum, 0
dk
q  100K  0.5K 2
dq
100  0.5  2K   0  K 100veh/km
dk
Maximum capacity = 100k  0.5k 2 100  100  0.5  1002
 5000veh / hr

Method-2:
Given u=100-0.5k
At the speeds of vehicle zero then, the density will be jam density
u  0  K  KJ
100
100  0.5K  0  K   200 veh/hr
0.5
Similarly Vf  100  0.5  0  100km/hr
Vf  K J 100  200
Maximum capacity(q max )  
4 4
 5000veh/hr

52. Consider the hemi-spherical tank of radius 13 m as shown in the figure (not drawn to scale).
What is the volume of water (in m3) when the depth of water at the centre of the tank is 6 m?

13m

(A) 78 (B) 468 (C) 156 (D) 396

Key: (D)
Sol: Volume of solid generated by the revolution about Y-axis is
y2

volume of water  
y  y1
x 2dy; where x is 1 distance

 x  0   y  13  132
2 2

13 13m

13m
X
3
6

From Y-axis to hemi-sphere.

6
   169   y  13  dy; sin ce x 2   y  132  132
2

y 0
6
    y2  26y  dy     y3 3  26 y 2 2
6

8
0

  3 96   396.

53. A timber pile of length 8m and diameter of 0.2m is driven with a 20 kN drop hammer, falling
freely from a height of 1.5m. The total penetration of the pile in the last 5 blows is 40mm. Use
the engineering news record expression. Assume a factor of safety of 6 and empirical factor
(allowing reducing in the theoretical set, due to energy losses) of 2.5 cm. The safe load carrying
capacity of the pile (in kN, round off to 2 decimal places) is ______.
Key: (151.5)
Sol: Uning Engineering News Formula
Wh
Safeload carrying capacity  Qs  
F(S  C)
Where W  weight of hammer  20kN
h  Height of fall  1.5m
40
S  set value  mm  8mm  0.008m
5
C  2.5cm  0.025m
F  factor of safety  min imum of 6 to be taken

Wh 20 1.5
Qsafe    151.51kN
F(S  C) 6  0.008  0.025

54. A 2 m × 4 m rectangular footing has to carry a uniformly distributed load of 120 kPa. As per the
2:1 dispersion method of stress distribution, the increment in vertical stress (in kPa) at a depth
of 2 m below the footing is _______.
Key: (40)
Q
Sol: Stress increment 
 B  Z  L  Z 
120  2  4 960
   40kPa
 2  2  4  2  24

55. An ordinary differential equation is given below:

 dy 
   x nx   y
 dx 
The solution for the above equation is (Note: K denotes a constant in the options)
(A) y  K nx (B) y  Kx nx (C) y  Kxe x (D) y  Kxe x
Key: (A)
Sol: Given D.E

 dy 
 x n x  y
 dx 
dy dx
   var iable  spearable D.E
y x nn
Integrating on both sides; then
1 1x
  dy   dx
y nx
 f1 x 
 ny  n  nx   nk; since  dx  nf  x  
 f x 
 ny  nK  n  nx 
y
 n  y k   n  nx    nx
K
 y  K nx

© All rights reserved by Thinkcell Learning Solutions Pvt. Ltd. No part of this booklet may be reproduced or utilized in any form without the written permission.
GATE-19 CIVIL – Afternoon (Shift-II)
General Aptitude 05. Suresh wanted to lay a new carpet in his new

01. Hima Das was _____ only Indian athlete to mansion with an area of 70×55sq.mts.

win _____ gold for India. However an area of 550 sq.mts. had to be left

(a) the,a (b) the , many out for flower pots. If the cost of carpet is

01. Ans: (a) will be spent by Suresh for the carpet now?
(a) Rs. 16,5000 (b)Rs 2,75,000
02. Daytime temperature in Delhi can ____ 400C.
(c)Rs 1,92,500 (d)Rs 1,27,500
(a) peak (b) get
05. Ans: (a)
(c) reach (d) stand
3850
02. Ans: (c) Sol: 70  55 = 550
03. A retaining wall with measurements 3300  50
30m×12m×6m was constructed with bricks = 16,5000
of dimensions 8cm × 6cm × 6cm. If 60% of 06. The newspaper reports that over 500 hectares
the wall consist of bricks, the number of of tribal land spread across 28 triabal
bricks used for the construction is ____lakhs. settlements in Mohinitampuram forest
(a) 45 (b) 40 (c)30 (d)75 division have already been "alienated". A top
03. Ans: (d) forest official said, "First the tribals are
Volume of the wall duped out of their land holdings. Second, the
Sol:
Volume of the bricks families thus rendered landless are often
3000  1200  600 forced to encroach further into the forests".
= = 7500000
8 6 6 on the basis of the information available in
= 75 lakhs the paragraph,_____ is/are responsible for
duping the tribals.
04. The growth rate of ABC Motors in 2017 was
(a) Landless families
the same _______XYZ Motors in 2016.
(b) Forest officials
(a) as that off (b) as off (c) It cannot be inferred who
(c) as that of (d) as those of (d) The newspaper
04. Ans: (c) 06. Ans: (c)

Sol: As that of growth rate is singular munber. Sol: Cannot be inferred. Para doesn’t mention
who is responsible.
VANI Institutions Hyderabad | Bangalore | Pune | Kochi | Chennai | Kolkata | Bhubaneswar 1
VANI Publications CIVIL PAPER
07. An oil tank can be filled by pipe X in 5 hours A
= R
and pipe Y in 4 hours, each pump working on B

its own. When the oil tank is full and the  x 

A 1  
P2011  
100 
drainage hole is open. The oil is drained in 20
 y 
hours. If initially the tank was empty and B 1  
 100 
someone started the two pumps together but
A  100  x 
left the drainage hole open. how many hours =  
B  100  y 
will it take for the tank to be filled?(Assume
 100  x 
that the rate of drainage is independent of the = R 
 100  y 
head)
R 100  x 
(a) 2.00 (b) 2.50 (c) 4.00 (d) 1.50 R
% 
100  y 
100
07. Ans: (b)
R
1 1 1 8
Sol:   
=
100  x   100  y  100  x  y 100
4 5 20 20
100  y  100  y
2
 2.5 hrs
 100  x  y  
=
5
=    100
08. Population of State X increased by x% and  100  y 
the population of state Y increased by y% 09. "Popular Hindi fiction, despite-or perhaps
from 2001 to 2011.Assume that x is greater because of-its wide reach, often does not
than y. Let P be the ratio of the population of appear in our cinema. As ideals that viewers
state X to state Y in a given year. The are meant to look up to rather than identify
percentage increase in p from 2001 to 2011 with, Hindi film protagonists usually read
is_______. books of aspirational value: textbooks,
100  x  y  English books, or high value literature."
(a) (b) x  y
100  y which one of the following CANNOT be

x 100  x  y  inferred from the paragraph above?

state  x%  not popular Hindi fiction.

Sol:  2001  2011
state  y%  (b) Protagonists in Hindi movies, being

pop of x ideals for viewers, read only books of

P
pop of y aspirational value.

VANI Institutions Hyderabad | Bangalore | Pune | Kochi | Chennai | Kolkata | Bhubaneswar 2

VANI Publications GATE - 2019
(c) People do not look up to writers of text Civil Engineering
books, English books are high value
01. If the fineness modulus of a sample of fine
literature
aggregate is 4.3.the mean size of the particles
(d) Though popular Hindi fiction has wide
in the sample is between
reach, it often does not appear in the
(a)1.18 mm and 2.36 mm
movies.
(b) 2.36 mm and 4.75 mm
09. Ans: (b)
(c)300µm and 600µm
10. Mohan, the manager, wants his four workers (d)150µm and 300µm
to work in pairs. No pair should work for 01. Ans: (a)
more than 5 hours. Ram and John have Sol: F.M of mean size 2.36 = 5
worked together for 5 hours. Krishna and F.M of mean size 1.18 = 4
Amir have worked as a team for 2 hours. Hence for F.M of 4.3, the mean size of
Krishna does not want to work with Ram. aggregate will be between 1.18 1.18 mm and
Whom should Mohan allot to work with 2.36 mm.
John, if he wants all the workers to continue 02. Euclidean norm (length) of the vector
working?
4 2 6  is
T

(a) Amir (b)Krishna

(c)Ram (d)None of the three (a) 56 (b) 24 (c) 48 (d) 12

10. Ans: (b) 02. Ans: (a)

Sol: As Krishna does not want to work with ram, 4 

he has to work only with John. Sol: Let X   2 
 6 
 Mohan should allot Krishna to John to
work as a pair. Norm X = X   4    2 
2 2
  6 
2

Note: Krishna already worked with Amir as a

= 16  4  36
flour.
= 56

03. The value of the function f(x) is given at n

distinct values of x and its value is to be
interpolated at the point x*.using all the n
points. The estimate is obtained first by the
Lagrange polynomial. denoted by IL, and

VANI Institutions Hyderabad | Bangalore | Pune | Kochi | Chennai | Kolkata | Bhubaneswar 3

VANI Publications CIVIL PAPER
then by the Newton polynomial, denoted by constructing a flow net, the horizontal
IN. which one of the following statements is dimension of the problem's geometry is
correct? transformed by multiplying factor of
(a) IL and IN are always equal kz kx
(a) (b)
(b) IL is always there then IN kx kz
(c) No definite relation exists between IL and IN kz kx
(c) (d)
(d) IL is always less than IN kx kz
03. Ans: (c) 05. Ans: (c)

04. A vehicle is moving on a road of grade +4% 06. The characteristic compressive strength of
at a speed of 20 m/s. Consider the coefficient concrete required in a project is 25MPa and
of rolling friction as 0.46 and acceleration the standard deviation in the observed
due to gravity as 10m/s2. On applying brakes compressive strength expected at site is
to reach a speed of 10 m/s, the required 4MPa. The average compressive strength of
braking distance (in m, round off to nearest cubes tested at different water-cement(w/c)
integer) along the horizontal, is_____ ratio using the same material as is used for
04. Ans: 30 the project is given in the table
Sol: Upward gradient, G=4%=0.04 (upgrade is w/c (%) 45 50 55 60
Average compressive
taken as +Ve) 35 25 20 15
strength of cubes(MPa
Initial speed, 1  20m / s The water-cement ratio(in percent, round off
Coefficient of friction (rolling), f=0.46 to the lower integer) to be used in the mix
Acceleration due to gravity, g=10 m/s2 is_____
Final velocity due to break application 06. Ans: 4.6
(reduced),  2  10m / s Sol: Mean length f m  f ck  1.65 
= 25  1.65  4
Breaking distance, Sb 
 2
1   22  = 31.6 MPa
2g  f  G  From table
f m  MPa  w / c %
=
 20 2
 102   30m 35 45%
2  10  0.46  0.04  31.6 ?
25 50%
05. An anisotropic soil deposit has coefficient of W/C ratio required
permeability in vertical and horizontal 50  45
= 45    35  31.6   46.7%  4.6%
directions as KZ and KX, respectively. For 35  25

VANI Institutions Hyderabad | Bangalore | Pune | Kochi | Chennai | Kolkata | Bhubaneswar 4

VANI Publications GATE - 2019
07. The following inequality is true for all x close 09. Ans: (a)
to 0. Sol: Mechanistic empirical method for flexible
x2 x sin x pavement design consider the following
2   2 . What is the value of
3 1  cos x structural failures
x sin x 1. Fatigue 2. Rutting
lim ?
x  0 1  cos x
10. For a channel section to a downward vertical
(a) 2 (b) 1 (c) 0 (d) ½
shear force at its centroid. which one of the
07. Ans: (a)
following represents the correct distribution
x sin x
Sol: Lt of shear stress in flange and web?
x 0 1  cos x

sin x
 Lt x
x  0 1  cos x

x2
1 (a) (b)
=
1
2
=2

08. The Laplace transform of sinh (at) is

s a (c) (d)
(a) (b)
s  a2
2
s  a2
2
10. Ans: (c)
s a
(c) 2 (d) 2 Sol: Shear flow in horizontal member (flange) is
s  a2 s  a2
linear with zero at free end and in vertical
08. Ans: (d)
member (web) it is parabolic.
Sol: Laplace transform of sinh(at)
Therefore the suitable option is (c).
L sinh  at   2 2
a
s a 11. An inflow hydrograph is routed through a

09. Structural failures considered in the reservoir to produce and outflow hydrograph.

mechanistic method of bituminous pavement The peak flow of the inflow hydrograph is PI

design are and the time of occurrence of the peak is tI.

(a) Fatigue and Rutting The peak flow of the outflow hydrograph is

(b) Shear and Slippage PO and the time of the occurrence of the peak

(d)Fatigue and Shear’ is correct?

VANI Institutions Hyderabad | Bangalore | Pune | Kochi | Chennai | Kolkata | Bhubaneswar 5

VANI Publications CIVIL PAPER
(a) PI  Po and t I  to 13. The command area of the canal grows only
one crop. i.e., wheat. The base period of
(b) PI  Po and t I  to
wheat is 120 days and its total water
(c) PI  Po and t I  to
requirement. is 40 cm. If the canal discharge
(d) PI  Po and t I  to is to 2 m3/s, the area, in hectares, rounded off
11. Ans: (b) the nearest integer. which could be irrigated
Sol: (neglecting all losses) is______
Inflow Hydrograph 13. Ans: 5184
Outflow Sol: Wheat, B = 120 days
hydrograph
  40m ,
p1
p0 Q = 2m3/s
A=?
t1 t0
A
Q
PI  Po and t I  to D
A
12. The data from a closed traverse survey PQRS Q
B
(run in the clockwise direction) are given in 8.64 

the table A
2
Line Included angle (in degrees) 120
8.64 
PQ 88 0.4
QR 92
A = 5184 ha
RS 94
SP 89 14. An earth dam of height H is made of
The closing error for the traverse PQRS (in cohesive soil whose cohesion and unit
degrees) is_____ weight are c and  and respectively. If the
12. Ans: 3 factor of safety against cohesion is Fc. the
Sol: IN a closed triangle sum of interior angles Taylor's stability number(Sn) is
=  2n  4   90   2  4   4  90  360 H c FH cF
(a) (b) (c) c (d) c
Angles =  2n  4  90   2  4   4  90  360 cFc Fc H c H

P  Q  R  S  88  92  94  89  363 14. Ans: (b)

 Angular correction = 3 c

Sol: Stability number, Sn =
Fc H
Angular error = + 3

VANI Institutions Hyderabad | Bangalore | Pune | Kochi | Chennai | Kolkata | Bhubaneswar 6

VANI Publications GATE - 2019
15. Which one of the following options contains 17. The speed-density relationship in a mid-block
ONLY primary air pollutants? section of a highway follows the
(a) Hydrocarbons and ozone Greenshield's model. If the free flow speed is
(b) Ozone and peroxyacetyl nitrate Vf and the jam density is Kj. the maximum
(c) Hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides flow observed on this section is
(d) Nitrogen oxidation peroxyacetyl nitrate vf k j vf k j vf k j
(a) (b) v f k j (c) (d)
15. Ans: (c) 8 4 2
Sol: Hydrocarbon’s and oxides of nitrogen are 17. Ans: (c)
primary air pollutants. Sol: From Green Shiel’d linear model:
Maximum flow,
16. The degree of static indeterminacy of the
kj Vf k jVf Vf k j
plane frame as shown in the figure is_____ q max    
2 2 4 4
Where, Vf  free flow (maximum) velocity

k j  Jam (maximum) density

18. A solid sphere of radius, r, and made of

material with density  s is moving through
16. Ans: 15
Sol: the atmosphere (constant pressure. P) with a
velocity, V. The net force only due to
atmospheric pressure (Fp) acting on the
sphere at anytime t, is
(a) 4 r 2 p (b) zero
4 3 dv
Static indeterminacy (c)  r s (d)  r 2 p
3 dt
Ds  Dse  Ssi  force releases
18. Ans: (b)
External indeterminacy, Dse  r  s Sol:
No. of support reactions, r =7
Number of equilibrium equations, s=3
Dse = 7–3 = 4
Internal indeterminacy
Dsi  3  No of closed boxes = 3  4  12
Force releases = 1 [At the internal hinge]
Ds = 4+12–1 = 15
VANI Institutions Hyderabad | Bangalore | Pune | Kochi | Chennai | Kolkata | Bhubaneswar 7
VANI Publications CIVIL PAPER
When object of any shape (not only sphere) is design as 40 mm. Considering double
subjected to uniform pressure over entire drainage to occur at the clay soil site, the
surface, the net force is zero because pressure expected consolidation settlement in January
force at any point is balanced by an equal and 2019 (in mm, round off to the nearest integer)
opposite force on opposite point. will be____

19. A steel column is restrained against both 20. Ans: 15

translation and rotation at one end is Sol: Time, t1 = 2014 – 2010 = 4 years

restrained only against rotation but free to Settlement, S1 = 10mm

translate at the other end. Theoretical and Sf = 40 mm

S1 10
design (IS:800-2007) values, respectively. of U1   100   100  25%
Sf 40
effective length factor of the column are
2 2
(a) 1.0 and 1.2 (b) 1.2 and 1.2   U1    25 
Tv1        0.0491
(c) 1.2 and 1.0 (d) 1.0 and 1.0 4  100  4  100 

19. Ans: (a) For time, t2 = 2019 – 2010 = 9 years

Sol: The given support conditions indicates the S2 = ?

following support/ end conditions of column Cv t

Tv 
d2
Cv
Since remains same for both the times,
d2
Tv  t

Tv2 t 2

 eff as per theoretical conditions = 1.0 l0 Tv1 t1

 eff as per IS 800:2007 = 1.2 l0 Tv2 9


0.0491 4
Considering the errors that may occur due to
Tv2  0.11044
construction of supports on site.
2
  U2 
20. Construction of a new building founded on a TV2    since Tv2  0.28
4  100 
clayey soil was completed in January 2010. 2
  U2 
In January 2014, the average consolidation 0.11044   
4  100 
settlement of the foundation in clay was
U 2  37.5%
recorded as 10 mm. The ultimate
consolidation settlement was estimated in

VANI Institutions Hyderabad | Bangalore | Pune | Kochi | Chennai | Kolkata | Bhubaneswar 8

VANI Publications GATE - 2019
S2
U2   100
Sf
S2
37.5   100
40
S2  14.99 mm say15mm
21. What is curl of the vector field
For thin walled circular tubes,
2 x yi  5z j  4 yzk ?
2 2
Torsional moment of resistance = 2 Amt
(a) 14 zi  6 yj  2 x k 2
where,  = shear stress
(b) 6 zi  4 xj  2 x k 2
Am = Area enclosed by median line,
(c) 6 zi  8xyj  2 x2 yk t = Thickness of tube

(d) 14 zi  2 x 2 k 23. The notation "SC" as per Indian Standard soil
21. Ans: (d) classification system refers to
   
Sol: Given: V  2x 2 yi  5z 2 j  4yzk (a) Clayey sand (b) Silt clay
   (c) Clayey silt (d) Sandy clay
i j z
  23. Ans: (a)
  
Curl V    V  Sol: The symbol SC refers to Clayey sand.
x y z
2x 2 y 5z 2 4yz 24. Analysis of a water sample revealed that the
  

= i  4z  10z   j  0  0   k 0  2x 2  sample contains the following species.
CO32 , Na  , H  , PO43 , Al 3 , H 2CO3 ,
= 14 zi  2 x k 2

Cl  , Ca 2 , Mg 2 , HCO3 , Fe 2 , OH 
22. A closed thin-walled tube has thickness t,
concentrations of which of the species will be
mean enclosed area within the boundary of
required to compute alkalinity?
the centerline of tube's thickness Am, and
(a) H  , H 2CO3 , HCO3 , OH 
shear stress t. Torsional moment of resistance
(b) CO32 , H  , HCO3 , OH 
T of the section would be
(a) 2 Amt (b) 4 Amt (c) CO32 , H  , H 2CO3 , HCO3

(c)  Amt (d) 0.5 Amt (d) CO32 , H 2CO3 , HCO3 , OH 

22. Ans: (a) 24. Ans: (d)

Sol: Sol: Alkalinity in water is caused by
OH  , CO32 , HCO3 and H2CO3.

VANI Institutions Hyderabad | Bangalore | Pune | Kochi | Chennai | Kolkata | Bhubaneswar 9

VANI Publications CIVIL PAPER
25. The velocity field in a flow system is given conditions to LCMFR and LPFR while keeping
by v  2i   x  y  j  ( xyz )k the cross-section of the reactor constant.

The acceleration of the fluid at(1, 1, 2) is Assuming steady state and for C/C0=0.8. The

(a) j + k (b) 4j +10 k value of LCMFR / LPFR (Round off to 2

(c) 2i + 10k (d) 4i +12k decimal places) is

25. Ans: (b)


Sol: V  2iˆ  x  y  ˆj   xyz  kˆ

u u u u 26. Ans: 1.12

ax  u v w  0
x y z t
C
Sol:  0.8
u u u v C0
ay  u v w 
x y z t
For CMFR For PFR
= 2 1   x  y 1  xyz  0   0 C

1 C
 e  K
C0 1  K C0
u u u w
az  u v w  1 e k2  0.8
x y z t 0.8 
1  K1
= 2yz  x 2 z  xyz  x 2 y 2 z 0.8  0.8K1  1  K2  0.2231
0.8 K1  0.2 K2  0.2231
= 2 1 2   12  2   11 2   12 12  2
K1  0.25
= 4+2+2+2 = 10 V1
K
 K1 Q V1 A1  L1 0.25
a  a x ˆi  a yˆj  a z kˆ  oiˆ  4ˆj  10kˆ      1.12
K2 K  2 V2 A 2  L 2 0.2231
V
= 4j +10 k Q
27. The probability density function of
26. Consider the reactor shown in the figure. The
continuous random variable distributed
flow rate through the reactor is Q m3/h. The
unformly between x and y (for y > x) is
concentrations (in mg/L) of a compound in
1 1
the influent and effluent are C0 and C, (a) (b) (c) x  y (d) y  x
yx x y
respectively. The compound is degraded in
27. Ans: (a)
the reactor following the first order reaction.
Sol: We know that the probability density
The mixing condition of the reactor can be
functions of uniform distributions is [x,y] is,
varied such that the reactor becomes either a
1
completely mixed flow reactor (CMFR) or a f t  xty
yx
plug-flow reactor (PFR). The length of the
=0 otherwise
reactor can be adjusted in these two mixing
VANI Institutions Hyderabad | Bangalore | Pune | Kochi | Chennai | Kolkata | Bhubaneswar 10
VANI Publications GATE - 2019
28. Two identical pipes (i.e., having the same For parallel combination
length, same diameter , and same roughness) Q 
h f  h f1  h f 2 & Q1  Q 2   P 
are used to withdraw water from the  2 
reservoir in the first case. they are attached in 2
Q 
fL  P 
i.e H   5
series and discharge freely into the 2
atmosphere. In the second case, they are 12.1D

attached in parallel and also recharge freely fLQ 2P

H     3
into the atmosphere. Neglecting all minor 4  12.1D5

losses, and assuming that the friction factor From (2) & (3)
is same in both the cases. The ratio of the 2 fLQs2 fLQ 2p

discharge in the parallel arrangement to that 12.1D5 4  12.1 D5
in the series arrangement (round off to 2 QP
i.e  8  2.83
decimal places) is______ QS
28. Ans: 2.83
29. The speed-density relationship of a highway
Sol:
is given as u = 100 – 0.5k. where u = speed
in km per hour, k = density in vehicles per
km. The maximum flow (in vehicles per hour
round off to the nearest integer) is_______
29. Ans: 5000

Applying Bernoulli’s equation between free Sol: Given speed (u) – density (k) relation

surface and exit we get u  100  0.5k

When u  0, k  k max
v2
H  hf 
2g 0  100  0.5k max
Neglecting kinetic energy head at exit k max  200 veh / km
H  h f     1 When k  0, u  u max
For series combination u max  100 kmph
h f  h f1  h f 2
For Greenshield’s linear speed – density
fLQs2 fLQs2 model
 5
_ 5
12.1D 12.1D k max Vmax 200 100
q max      5000 veh / hr
2fLQs2 2 2 2 2
i.e H  5
    2
12.1D
VANI Institutions Hyderabad | Bangalore | Pune | Kochi | Chennai | Kolkata | Bhubaneswar 11
VANI Publications CIVIL PAPER
30. A rolled I-section beam is supported on a  Width of critical section @ root resting
75mm wide bearing plate as shown in the web crippling due to high bearing stress
figure Thickness of flange and web of the I-  w1   b1  2.5  t f  r 
section are 20 mm and 80 mm. respectively
= 75+2.5(20+10)
root radius of the I-sections is 10 mm.
= 150 mm
Assume material yield stress, fy = 250 MPa
 Total load carrying capacity of web with
and partial safety factor for material,
fy
 mo  1.10. respect to web crippling = w1  t w 
 ino
= 272.72 kN
31. The critical bending compressive stress in
the extreme fibre of a structural steel section
is 1000MPa. It is given that yield strength of
As per IS: 800 – 2007, the web bearing the steel is 250 MPa. width of flange is
strength (in kN, round off to 2 decimal 250mm and thickness of flange is 15mm. As
places) of the beam is___________ per the provisions of IS:800-2007. The non-
30. Ans: 272.72 dimensional slenderness ratio of the steel
Sol: cross-section is
(a) 0.25 (b) 0.75 (c) 2.00 (d)0.50
31. Ans: (d)
Sol: Yield stress of steel fy = 250 N/mm2
Critical bending compressive stress in the
Thickness of web (tw) = 8 mm extreme fiber fcr,b = 1000 N/mm2
Thickness of flange (tf) = 20 mm Non dimensional effective slenderness ratio
Radius of rood (r) =10m of the steel cross section as per IS800:2007
Width of support (b1) (or support reaction)   LT  .
= 75mm
fy 250
As per IS 800:2007  LT    0.5
f cr,b 1000
Load distribution angle     21.8 1V : 2.5H
32. A confined aquifer of 15 m constant
Design bearing strength of steel
thickness is sandwiched between two
f 250
=  MPa aquicludes as shown in the figure (not drawn
 ino 1.1
to scale).
VANI Institutions Hyderabad | Bangalore | Pune | Kochi | Chennai | Kolkata | Bhubaneswar 12
VANI Publications GATE - 2019
-6
to 1000×10 In accordance with the
provisions of IS:456-2000. considering the
long-term effects, the effective modulus of
elasticity of the concrete (in MPa) is ______
33. Ans: 12500
Ec
Sol: Effective modulus of elastic E ce 
The heads indicated by two piezometers P 1 
and Q are 55.2m and 34.1m respectively. Ec  5000 f ck  5000 25  25000MPa
The aquifer has a hydraulic conductivity of
creepstrain
Creep coefficient    =
80 m/day and its effective porosity is 0.25. If elasticstrain
the distance between the piezometers is
longterm strain  elasticstrain
=
2500m. The time taken by the water to travel elasticstrain

1000 10   500 10   1

through the aquifer from piezometer location 6 6

=
500 10 
P to Q (in days, round off to 1 decimal place) 6
is ______
32. Ans: 925.7 25000
E ce   12500 MPa
11
Sol: Discharge velocity, V = ki
h h  34. For a plane stress problem the state of stress
V  k 1 2 
 L  at a point P is represented by the stress
 55.2  34.1  element as shown in the figure
= 80    0.6752 m / day
 2500 
Porosity, n= 0.25
V
 Seepage velocity, Vs 
n
0.6752
=  2.7008 m / day By how much angle (  ) in degrees the stress
0.52
L 2500 element should be rotated in order to get the
Time taken =   925.65days
Vs 2.7008 planes of maximum shear stress?

33. When a specimen of M25 concrete is loaded

to a stress level of 12.5MPa. A strain of
500×10-6 is recorded. If this load is allowed
to stand for a long time, the strain increases (a)48.3 (b )31.7 (c)26.6 (d)13.3

VANI Institutions Hyderabad | Bangalore | Pune | Kochi | Chennai | Kolkata | Bhubaneswar 13

VANI Publications CIVIL PAPER
34. Ans: (b) moving together on the beam ABCD shown
Sol:  x  80MPa,  y  20MPa, xy  25MPa in the figure (not drawn to scale). The

Angle of major principal plane: relative positions of the two loads are not

2  25
fixed. The maximum shear force (in kN,
2 xy
tan 2P  
 x   y  80   20  round of to the nearest integer) caused at the
internal hinge B due to the two loads
p  13.28
is______
Angle of maximum shear stress plane
 p  45  13.28  45  31.7

35. Constant head permeability tests were

36. Ans: 70
performed on two soils basements. S1 and
Sol:
S2. The ratio of height of the two specimens
(LS1:LS2) is 1.5. The ratio of the diameter of
specimens (DS1:DS2 ) is 0.5. and the ratio of
the constant head (hS1:hS2) applied on the
specimens is 2.0. If the discharge from both
the specimens equal, the ratio of the
permeability of the soil specimens (kS1:kS2) is
________
1 
35. Ans: 3 Maximum SF at B = 10   2  1  60  1
2 
Sol: Q  k i A = 70 kN
h  2 37. Chlorine is used as the disinfectant in a
= k  D
L 4
municipal water treatment plant. It achieves
2
Q1 k1 h1 L2  D1  50 percent of disinfection efficiency
  
Q 2 k 2 h 2 L1  D 2  measured in terms of killing the indicator
k1 1 microorganisms (E-Coil) in 3 minutes. The
1  2  0.52
k2 1.5 minimum time required to achieve 99
k1 percent disinfection efficiency would be
3
k2 (a) 9.93 minutes (b) 11.93 minutes
36. A long uniformly distributed load of 10 (c) 21.93 minutes (d) 19.93 minutes
kN/m and a concentrated load of 60 kN are 37. Ans: (d)

VANI Institutions Hyderabad | Bangalore | Pune | Kochi | Chennai | Kolkata | Bhubaneswar 14

VANI Publications GATE - 2019
Sol: 1  50%, t1  3min 38. Ans: (a)
Sol: As per clause 8.2.2.3 of IS 456 – 2000,
1  1  e  kt1   100
entrained air percentage of 3 to 6% is
 k3
50  1 1  e  100
 required to resist freezing and thawing, i.e,
k  0.231min 1 not for marine environment.
2  99%, t 2  ? Hence, Assertion (a) is wrong
2  1  e kt 2   100 Equivalent alkali content in terms of Na2O

99  1  e 0.231 t 2   100 =  Na 2O   0.685  K 2O 

t 2  19.93min = 1  0.685  0.6  1.41%

Hence, Assertion (2) is correct.
38. In the context of provisions relating to
durability of concrete consider the following 39. Raw municipal solid waste (MSW) collected
assertions: from a city contains 70% decomposable
Assertion(1): As per IS 456-2000, air material that can be converted to methane.
entertainment to the extent of 3% to 6% is The water content of the decomposable
required for the concrete exposed to marine material is 35%. An elemental analysis of
environment. the decomposable material yields the
Assertion(2): The equivalent alkali content following mass percent.
(in terms ofNa2O equivalent) for a cement C : H : O : N : other = 44 : 6 : 43 : 0.80 : 6.2
containing 1% and 0.6 % of Na2O and K2O, The methane production of the
respectively, is approximately 1.4% decomposable material is governed by the
(rounded to 1 decimal place) following stoichiometric relation
which one of the following statements is Ca H b Oc Nd  nH 2O  mCH4  sCO2  dNH3
CORRECT?
Given atomic weights: C = 12, H = 14, O =
(a) Assertion (1) is FALSE and Assertion (2)
16, N = 14. The mass of methane produced
is TRUE
(in grams, round off to 1 decimal) per kg of
(b) Assertion (1) is TRUE and Assertion (2)
raw MSW will be____
is FALSE
39. Ans: 151.8
(c) Both Assertion (1) and Assertion (2) are
Sol: C : H : O : N  44 : 6 : 43 : 0.8
FALSE  a  44, b  6, c  43, d  0.8
(d) Both Assertion (1) and Assertion (2) are C a H b O c N d  nH 2O  mCH 4  s CO 2  dNH 3
TRUE By balancing the equation,

VANI Institutions Hyderabad | Bangalore | Pune | Kochi | Chennai | Kolkata | Bhubaneswar 15

VANI Publications CIVIL PAPER
m  s  44     1 = 6
1.22  1.15  2  2.04  2.14   4 1.67  2.34  1.87  
3

4m  2n  3.6      2  = 68.5m2

2s  n  43      3 Simpson’s rule is applicable for odd number

of ordinates and also for curved boundaries.
By solving m = 11.7
 2 3 4
Molecular weight of
41. The inverse of the matrix  4 3 1  is
C 44 H 6O 43 N 0.8  44  2  6 1  43 16  0.8  14  1233.2  
 1 2 4
Molecular weight of 11.7 CH4
 4 9
= 11.7  12  4  1  187.2  2   
5 5
 10 4 9   
(a)  15 4 14  (b)  3
1233.2 parts of MSW produce = 187.2 parts 4 14 
   5 5 
of CH4 gas  5 1 6   
 1 1 
6
187.2
1 part of MSW produce = parts of  5 5 
1233.2
 4 9 
CH4 gas  2 5 5 
187.2    10 4 9
(c)  3  (d)  15 4 14 
 1kg of CH4 4 14 
1 kg of MSW produce = 
1233.2  5 5  
   5 1 6
gas  1 1 6 
 5 5 
Mass of methane gas produced = 0.1518 kg
= 151.8 gm 41. Ans: (d)
 2 3 4
Sol: A =  4 3 1 
40. A series of perpendicular offsets taken from
 
a curved boundary wall to a straight survey  1 2 4
line at an interval of 6 m are 1.22, 1.67, 2.04,
2
We know that A 1A  I
2.34, 2.14, 1.87, and 1.15m. The area (in m ,
Option (d) satisfies
round off to 2 decimal places) bounded by
 10 4 9
  15 4 14 
the survey line, curved boundary wall, the 1
A
 
first and the last offsets, determined using
 5 1 6
Simpson's rule, is_____
42. The ordinates, u, of a 2-hour unit
40. Ans: 68.5
hydrograph (i.e., for 1 cm of effective rain)
Sol: By using simpson’s rule:
for a catchment are shown in the table
d
A   first  last   2  odd   4  even   t(hour) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
3 u(m3/s) 0 2 8 18 32 45 30 19 12 7 3 1 0

VANI Institutions Hyderabad | Bangalore | Pune | Kochi | Chennai | Kolkata | Bhubaneswar 16

VANI Publications GATE - 2019
A 6-hour storm occurs over the catchment hydraulic jump, the depth of flow y1 (in m
such that the effective rainfall intensity is 1 round off to 2 decimal places) is_____.
cm/hour for the first two hours, zero for the 43. Ans: 0.71
next two hours, and 0.5cm/hour for the last Sol:
two hours. If the base flow is constant at
5m3/s, the peak flow due to the storm (in
m3/s, round off to 1 decimal place) will
be_____
42. Ans: 97
Sol: q  V  y  8.1 0.23  1.863m 2 / s
Hydraulic jump will be formed when depth
of water changes from below circle depth
line to above critical depth line.
At the beginning of jump, y=yc
For rectangular section
1/ 3
 q2 
yc   
 g 
1/ 3
 1.8632 
43. At the foot of a spillway water flows at a = 
 9.81 
depth of 23cm with a velocity of 8.1 m/s as
= 0.70727 m
shown in the figure.  Depth of flow = 0.71m
44. A flexible pavement has the following class
of loads during particular hour of the day.
(i) 80 buses with 2-axles (each axle load of
40 kN);
(ii) 160 trucks with 2-axles (front and rear
The flow enters as an M-3 profile in the long axle loads of 40 kN and 80 kN
wide rectangular channel with bed slope = respectively)
1 The equivalent standard axle load repetitions
and Manning's n = 0.015. A hydraulic
1800
for this vehicle combination as per IRC:37-
jump is formed at a certain distance from the
2012 would be
foot of the spillway. Assume the acceleration
(a) 180 (b) 250 (c) 240 (d) 320
due to gravity. g = 9.81 m/s2. Just before the
VANI Institutions Hyderabad | Bangalore | Pune | Kochi | Chennai | Kolkata | Bhubaneswar 17
VANI Publications CIVIL PAPER
44. Ans: (a) 2
= 1.3   C N 'c  0  0.4  B N '
Sol: Given, 80 buses with 2 axles, each axle load 3

is 40 kN 2
= 1.3   24  14.8  0  0.4 18  2  3.2
3
 No of repetitions of 40 kN, N1  80  2  160
= 353.92
160 trucks, with front axle local = 40kN
46. A broad gauge railway line passes through a
No of repetitions of 40 kN, N2 = 160
horizontal section (radius = 875m) of length
Rear axle load of 80 kN, no of trucks,
200m. The allowable speed on this portion is
N3=160
 Equivalent standard axle repetitions, in 100km/h. For calculating the cant consider
the gauge as centre-to-centre distance
terms of standard axle load 80 kN is
4 4 between the real heads equal to 1750 mm.
 40   80 
=  N1  N 2     N3   The maximum permissible cant (in mm,
 80   80 
4 4
round off to 1 decimal place) with respect to
 40   80 
= 160  160     160   = 180 the centre-to-centre distance between the
 80   80 
rails head is ________
45. A square footing of 2m sides rests on the 46. Ans: 82.5
surface of a homogeneous soil bed having the Sol: Given BG railway track, G = 1750mm
properties; cohesion c = 24kPa. Angle of = 1.750m (c/c)
internal friction   25 , and unit weight
0
Radius of curve, R= 875m

  18kN/m3 . Terzaghi’s bearing capacity Length of curve, l=200m

Allowable speed, Vmax = 100 kmph
factors for   250 are NC = 25.1, Nq=12.7,
For normal speed, BG track cant deficiency
N γ  9.7, N  14.8 , N  5.6 and N  3.2
'
C
'
q
1

allowed, ed = cd =75mm = 0.075m
The ultimate bearing capacity of the We have e th  ea  e d
foundation (in kPa, round off to 2 decimal
 Where = ea = actual cant
places) is ________
e th = theoretical cant with respect to Vmax
45. Ans: 353.92
2
GVmax
Sol: For surface footing, Df = 0  ea  ed
127R
Since  value given (25o) is less than 29O ,
1.750 1002
the soil undergoes local shear failure.  ea  0.075
127  875
For LSF, q u  1.3Cm N c'  Df N q'  0.4B N ' ea  0.08248m  82.48mm  82.5mm

VANI Institutions Hyderabad | Bangalore | Pune | Kochi | Chennai | Kolkata | Bhubaneswar 18

VANI Publications GATE - 2019
47. A timber pile of length 8m and diameter 0.2 Sol:
m is driven with a 20kN drop hammer.
falling freely from a height of 1.5m. The
total penetration of the pile in the last 5
blows is 40 mm. Use the Engineering News
Record expression. Assume a factor of safety
of 6 and empirical factor (allowing reduction
in the theoretical set. due to energy losses) of
Given, D1 =80, D2 =100, D3 = 86, D4 = 90
2.5 cm. The safe load carrying capacity of
D2  D4
the pile (in kN round off to 2 decimal places) Outside clearance =  100
D4
is____________
100  90
47. Ans: 151.52 =  100
100
w h h
Sol: Qsafe  = 11.111%
F S  C 

40 49. A camera focal length of 20cm fitted in an

S = Set value =  8mm  0.8cm
5 aircraft is used for taking vertical aerial
C = 2.5 cm, F =6, W = 20 kN, photographs of terrain. The average
h= 1.5m =150cm elevation of the terrain is 1200 m above
Take, h  100% mean sea level (MSL). What is the height

20  150 1 above MSL at which aircraft fly in order to

Qsafe 
6  0.8  2.5  get the aerial photographs at scale of 1:8000?

= 151.5152 kN (a) 2600 m (b)3000m

(c) 3200m (d) 2800m
48. The dimensions of a soil sample are given in
49. Ans: (d)
the table.
Sol: f=20cm, h=1200m, H=?
Parameter Cutting Edge Sampling Tube
Inside Diameter 80 86 S=1:800
Outside Diameter 100 90
f
For this sampler, the outside clearance ratio Scale of map = S 
H  h
(in percent, round off to 2 decimal places) is
1 0.2
____________ 
800 H  1200
48. Ans: 11.11
 H  2800m

VANI Institutions Hyderabad | Bangalore | Pune | Kochi | Chennai | Kolkata | Bhubaneswar 19

VANI Publications CIVIL PAPER
50. Consider the hemi-spherical tank of radius For the externally applied moment of 30kNm
13m as shown in the figure (not drawn to at node F, the rotation (in degrees, round off
scale). What is the volume of water (in m3) to 3 decimals) observed in the rotational
when the depth of water at the centre of the spring at node H is_________
tank is 6m? 51. Ans: 0.005
Sol: Since horizontal reaction at E = Hc =0
Bending moment at F for member FE
= MFE =0
(a)156π (b) 468π
Member FH behaves like propped cantilever
(c) 78π (d) 396π
beam
50. Ans: (d)
Sol:

13 13
V    r dh    R 
 h 2 dh
2 2

7 7
13 FBD GH
 h2  MH  
=  R 2h   V  3 K  
 3 7
10  3
 133   2 73     106 rad
= 132 13  
 13  7    3  10 5

 3   3  
= 0.0057 deg
= 396
51. A plane frame shown in the figure (not to
52. An ordinary differential equation is given
scale) has linear elastic springs at node H.
 dy 
The spring constant are kx  k y  5 105 kN/m below    x ln x   y . The solution for the
 dx 
and k θ  3  105 kNm/rad above equation is (Note: K denotes a
constant in the options)
(a) y  Kxe x (b) y  K ln x

(c) y  Kx ln x (d) y  Kxe x

52. Ans: (b)

VANI Institutions Hyderabad | Bangalore | Pune | Kochi | Chennai | Kolkata | Bhubaneswar 20

VANI Publications GATE - 2019
dy the effective green time is 30s and the cycle
Sol:  x lox   y
dx length is 60s. Assuming that initially there
On separating the variables
are no vehicles in the queue, the average
1 1  1 
 y dy   x log x dx  let log x  t, x dx  dt  delay for vehicle using the approach road
1 during a cycle length (in s, round off to 2
log y   dt  log k
t decimal places) is________
log y  log t  log k 54. Ans: 12.5
 y  kt
Sol: Effective green time, C1 = 30 sec,
 or  y  k log x Cycle length, C0 = 60 sec
53. A water treatment plant treats 6000 m3 of Normal flow (uniform arrival), qi  20 veh / min

water per day. As a part of the treatment Saturation flow (uniform service rate),
process, discrete particles are required to be si =50 veh/min
settled in a clarifier. A column test indicates webster’s delay
that an overflow rate of 1.5 m per hour  G 
Co 1  i 
would produce the desired removal of di   Co 
 qi 
particles through settling in the clarifier 1  s 
 i 
having a depth of 3.0 m. The volume of the
2
60  30 
required clarifier. (in m3 round off to 1 1
2  60 
decimal place) would be__________ di   12.5sec
 20 
1  
53. Ans: 500  50 
6000 55. A 2m×4m rectangular footing has to carry a
Sol: Q = 6000 m3/day =  250 m3 / hr
24 uniformly distributed load of 120 kPa. As per
V0 =1.5 m/hr the 2:1 dispersion method of stress
Q 250 distribution, the increment in vertical stress
Surface area =   166.66 m 2
v 0 1.5 (in kPa) at a depth of 2m below the footing
Depth, H=3m is_______.
Volume of clarifies = Surface area  Depth 55. Ans: 40
Q
= 166.66  3  500 m3 Sol: z  for 2V to 1H load
 B  Z  L  Z 
54. The uniform arrival and uniform service rates desperation
2  4  120
observed on an approach road to a signalized =  40 kPa
 2  2  4  2 
intersection are 20 and 50 vehicles minute.
respectively For the signal the red time is 30s
VANI Institutions Hyderabad | Bangalore | Pune | Kochi | Chennai | Kolkata | Bhubaneswar 21
SOLVED GATE (CIVIL ENGG) 2018
Engineering Mathematics and Technical Section

AFTERNOON SHIFT

Q. No. 1—25 Carry One Mark Each For f(x) to be a valid probability density function,
the value of h is
dy
1. The solution of the equation x + y = 0 passing (A) 1/3 (B) 2/3
through the point (1, 1) is dx (C) 1 (D) 3
(A) x (B) x2 Solution: From graph,
-1
(C) x (D) x-2 3

Solution: ∫ f(x)dx = 1
0
dy
x +y = 0 1 2 3
dx
dy
⇒ ∫ f (x)dx + ∫ f (x)dx + ∫ f (x)dx = 1
Þx = −y 0 1 2
dx h 2h 3h
dy dx Þ + + =1
Þ =− 2 2 2
y x Þ 6h = 2
Þ ∫ dy = −∫ dx
1 1
1
y x Þh=
3
Þ ln y = -ln x + c
At y = 1 and x = 1, we have c = 0. So Ans. (A)
3. A probability distribution with right skew is shown
= x−1
1
y= in the figure.
x
f(x)
Ans. (C)
2. The graph of a function f(x) is shown in the figure.

x
f(x)

2h
The correct statement for the probability distribu-
tion is
h
(A) Mean is equal to mode
(B) Mean is greater than median but less than mode
x (C) Mean is greater than median and mode
0 1 2 3 (D) Mode is greater than median

GATE-Civil Engg_Afternoon Shift_2018.indd 17 3/27/2018 3:03:35 PM

A18 SOLVED GATE (CIVIL ENGG) 2018

Solution: AB, CD and AC are zero-force members. Since

member AC neither elongates nor contracts, the
f(x)
mode member in between supports at A and C which has
no tendency to extended due to applied force. Had
there been temperature change or lack of fit in AC
then only it could have carried any force.
mean Ans. (D)
5. The setting time of cement is determined using
(A) Le Chatelier apparatus
x (B) Briquette testing apparatus
t0 tL tmean = t0 tP (C) Vicat apparatus
(D) Casagrande’s apparatus
tL < tmean = Curve is skew to the right
Mean > Median and Mode Solution: Vicat apparatus is used to measure ini-
Ans. (C) tial and final setting time.
Ans. (C)
4. All the members of the planar truss (see figure)
have the same properties in terms of area of cross- 6. A structural member subjected to compression,
section (A) and modulus of elasticity (E). has both translation and rotation restrained at
one end, while only translation is restrained at the
P
other end. As per IS 456 : 2000, the effective length
factor recommended for design is
(A) 0.50 (B) 0.65
L (C) 0.70 (D) 0.80

Solution: Theoretical value = 0.7 L

P Recommended value = 0.8 L
(According to IS 456:2000)

L
For the loads shown on the truss, the statement
that correctly represents the nature of forces in the
members of the truss is:
(A) There are 3 members in tension and 2 members
in compression
(B) There are 2 members in tension, 2 members in
Ans. (A)
compression, and 1 zero-force member
(C) There are 3 members in tension, 1 member in 7. A vertical load of 10 kN acts on a hinge located
compression, and 2 zero-force members at a distance of L/4 from the roller support Q of a
(D) There are 3 members in tension and 3 zero- beam of length L (see figure).
force members

Solution: 10 kN

P B P P C P P Q

3L/4 L/4
L
The vertical reaction at support Q is
P P (A) 0.0 kN (B) 2.5 kN
A (C) 7.5 kN (D) 10.0 kN
P D
L

GATE-Civil Engg_Afternoon Shift_2018.indd 18 3/27/2018 3:03:37 PM

AFTERNOON SHIFT A19

Solution: Solution: For rigid footing on granular soil.

10 kN
Soil
P Q
A

3L/4 L/4

RQ Deflected
Shape
At the point `A’, bending moment is zero. Ans. (A)
Calculating bending moment at A from right we 10. Which one of the following statements is NOT
get correct?
L
RQ × = 0 Þ RQ = 0 (A) When the water content of soil lies between its
4 liquid limit and plastic limit, the soil is said to
Ans. (A)
be in plastic state.
8. A flownet below a dam consists of 24 equipotential (B) Boussinesq’s theory is used for the analysis of
drops and 7 flow channels. The difference between stratified soil.
the upstream and downstream water levels is 6 m. (C) The inclination of stable slope in cohesive soil
The length of the flow line adjacent to the toe of can be greater than its angle of internal friction.
the dam at exit is 1 m. The specific gravity and (D) For saturated dense fine sand, after apply-
void ratio of the soil below the dam are 2.70 and ing overburden correction, if the Standard
0.70, respectively. The factor of safety against Penetration Test value exceeds 15, dilatancy
piping is correction is to be applied.
(A) 1.67 (B) 2.5
Solution: Boussinesq’s theory assumed soil as iso-
(C) 3.4 (D) 4
tropic, hence is not applicable for stratified soil.
Solution: Critical hydraulic gradient Ans. (B)
G − 1 2.7 − 1 11. The clay mineral, whose structural units are held
iC = = =1
1+e 1 + 0.7 together by potassium bond is
H /N d 6/24 1 (A) Halloysite (B) Illite
Exit gradient (iexit) = Dh = = = (C) Kaolinite (D) Smectite
L l 1m 4
iC 1 Solution:
FOS = = =4
iexit 1/4 Kaolinite ® Hydrogen bond
Illite ® Ionic bond/Potassium bond
Ans. (D) Montmorillonite – Water bond
9. The contact pressure and settlement distribution Ans. (B)
for a footing are shown in the figure. 12. Dupit’s assumptions are valid for
(A) artesian aquifer
(B) confined aquifer
(C) leaky aquifer
(D) unconfined aquifer
Solution: Dupit’s assumption states that the
groundwater flows horizontally in an unconfined
aquifer and that groundwater discharge is propor-
tional to the saturated aquifer thickness.
Ans. (D)
The figure corresponds to a 13. For a given discharge in an open channel, there are
(A) rigid footing on granular soil two depths which have the same specific energy.
(B) flexible footing on granular soil These two depths are known as
(C) flexible footing on saturated clay (A) alternate depths (B) critical depths
(D) rigid footing on cohesive soil (C) normal depths (D) sequent depths

GATE-Civil Engg_Afternoon Shift_2018.indd 19 3/27/2018 3:03:39 PM

A20 SOLVED GATE (CIVIL ENGG) 2018

Solution: Depths with same specific energy are Group I Group II

called alternate depths of flow. It represents sub-
critical depth of flow (y2) and a supercritical depth
of flow.
R
Q1
y1 Q2 3
Q3
Inversion Fanning plume
Depth Q1 < Q2 < Q3

y2
S

Specific Energy E
4
Ans. (A)
Inversion over
14. As per IS 10500:2012, for drinking water in the superadiabatic Fumigation
absence of alternate source of water, the permis-
sible limits for chloride and sulphate, in mg/L, The correct match is
respectively are (A) P-1, Q-2, R-3, S-4
(A) 250 and 200 (B) 1000 and 400 (B) P-1, Q-2, R-4, S-3
(C) 200 and 250 (D) 500 and 1000 (C) P-1, Q-4, R-3, S-2
(D) P-3, Q-1, R-2, S-4
Solution: As per IS 10500:2012 table, permissible
limit in absence of alternate source is Solution:
Chlorides – 1000 mg/L SLAR
Sulphates – 400 mg/L
LAR
Ans. (B)
15. In the figures, Group I represents the atmospheric Coning
P Looping Q
temperature profiles (P, Q, R and S) and Group II plume
plume
represents dispersion of pollutants from a smoke
stack (1, 2, 3 and 4). In the figures of Group I, the
dashed line represents the dry adiabatic lapse rate,
whereas the horizontal axis represents temperature ELR
and the vertical axis represents the altitude.
R S Fumigation
Group I Group II

ALR

P Ans. (A)
1 16. Peak Hour Factor (PHF) is used to represent the
proportion of peak sub-hourly traffic flow within
Superadiabatic Looping plume the peak hour. If 15-minute sub-hours are consid-
ered, the theoretically possible range of PHF will be
(A) 0 to 1.0 (B) 0.25 to 0.75
(C) 0.25 to 1.0 (D) 0.5 to 1.0
Q V60
Solution: PHF (Peak hourly factor) =
4 × V15
2
= 0.25 to 1
So 0.25 £ PHF15 £ 1.
Adiabatic Coning plume
Ans. (C)

GATE-Civil Engg_Afternoon Shift_2018.indd 20 3/27/2018 3:03:44 PM

AFTERNOON SHIFT A21

17. As per IRC:37-2012, in order to control subgrade Also x0 = 2.

rutting in flexible pavements, the parameter to be Iteration 1
considered is f (x0 )
x1 = x0 −
(A) horizontal tensile strain at the bottom of bitu- f ′(x0 )
minous layer
f (2) 5
(B) vertical compressive strain on top of subgrade = 2− = 2− =1
(C) vertical compressive stress on top of granular f ′(2) 5
layer Ans. (1)
(D) vertical deflection at the surface of the
21. As per IS 456:2000, the minimum percentage of
pavement
tension reinforcement (up to two decimal places)
Solution: As per IRC 37:2012 required in reinforced-concrete beams of rectangular
cross-section (considering effective depth in the
 1  4.5337
N = 4.1656 × 10   −8 calculation of area) using Fe500 grade steel is .
 ∈v  Solution:
 4.5337
0.85
−8  1  Minimum % of steel (for Fe 500) =
⇒ N = 1.41 × 10   f4
 ∈v 
0.85
Here N = Number of cumulative standard axle = = 0.17%
500
and Îv = vertical strain in the subgrade – only
variable is rutting, which is a measure of bearing Ans. (0.17)
capacity of the subgrade. 22. A reinforced-concrete slab with effective depth of
Ans. (B) 80 mm is simply supported at two opposite ends
18. The initial concavity in the load-penetration curve on 230 mm thick masonry walls. The centre-to-
of a CBR test is NOT due to centre distance between the walls is 3.3 m. As per
IS 456:2000, the effective span of the slab (in m, up
(A) uneven top surface to two decimal place) is .
(B) high impact at start of loading
(C) inclined penetration plunger Solution: Given effective depth (d) = 80 mm =
(D) soft top layer of soaked soil 0.08 m; width of support = 230 mm = 0.23 m.
w w
Solution: Initial concavity in CBR test is due to Leff = l0 + +
2 2
(i) inclined plunger
(ii) soil being soft at the top = 3.3 - (0.23) = 3.07 m
(iii) unbalanced compaction Leff = min {l0 + w, l0 + d}
Ans. (B)
= min. (3.07 + 0.23 = 3.3 m, 3.07 + 0.08 = 3.15 m)
19. Probability (up to one decimal place) of consecutively
picking 3 red balls without replacement from a box
containing 5 red balls and 1 white ball is . L0
Solution:
5 4 3
w
C1 C1 C1
6
´5 ´4 Ans. (3.15 m)
C1 C1 C1 23. A fillet weld is simultaneously subjected to fac-
5 4 3 1
⇒ × × = = 0.5
tored normal and shear stresses of 120 Pa and
6 5 4 2 50 MPa, respectively. As per IS 800:2007, the
Ans. (0.5) equivalent stress (in MPa, up to two decimal place)
is .
20. The quadratic equation 2x - 3x + 3 = 0 is to be 2

solved numerically starting with an initial guess as Solution: Factored normal stress (s) = 120 MPa
x0 = 2. The new estimate of x after the first itera- and factored shear stress (e) = 50 MPa.
tion using Newton-Raphson method is .
Equivalent stress = s 2 + 3e2 = 1202 + 3 × 502
Solution: Consider f(x) = 2x2 - 3x + 3. Then
= 147.99 MPa
f ′(x) = 4x − 3
Ans. (147.99 MPa)

GATE-Civil Engg_Afternoon Shift_2018.indd 21 3/27/2018 3:03:48 PM

A22 SOLVED GATE (CIVIL ENGG) 2018

24. The intensity of irrigation for the Kharif season is Case I: l = 2 3i . Consider
50% for an irrigation project with culturable com-
mand area of 50,000 hectares. The duty for the (A − l I )X = 0
Kharif season is 1000 hectare/cumec. Assuming
2 − 2 3i −4   x   0
transmission loss of 10%, the required discharge ⇒    1 =  
  x2   0
(in cumec, up to two decimal places) at the head of  4 − 2 − 2 3i  
the canal is .
⇒ 2 − 2 3ix1 = 4x2
Solution: Area of cultivation = 50% of 50,000 ha x1 x2
= 25000 ha ⇒ =
4 2 − 2 3i
Area
Duty =  x1   4 
Discharge  = 
 
 2  2 − 2 3i
x
Discharge at the head of the field is

Discharge =
25000 ha
= 25 cumec Case II: l = −2 3i . Consider
1000 ha/cumec
(A − l I )X = 0
Transmission loss is 10%. So hconveyance = 90%
2 + 2 3i −4   x   0
⇒    1 =  
  x2   0
Discharge at the head of the canal =
25
cumec = 27.78 cumec  4 − 2 + 2 3i  
0.9
25 ⇒ 2 + 2 3ix1 = 4x2
cumec = 27.78 cumec
0.9 x1 x2
⇒ =
Ans. (27.78 cumec) 4 2 + 2 3i
x   
25. A culvert is designed for a food frequency of
4
100 years and a useful life of 20 years. The risk  1 =  
involved in the design of the culvert (in percentage,  x2  2 + 2 3i
up to two decimal places) is .
1 Therefore we have complex eigenvalues and com-
Solution: T = 100 yr, p = = 0.01 , q = 0.99 plex eigenvectors.
100 Ans. (D)
Risk = (1 - 0.99)20 = 18.19%
27. The Laplace transform F(s) of the exponential
Ans. (18.19%) function, f(t) = eat when t ³ 0 , where a is a con-
stant and (s - a) > 0, is
Q. No. 26-55 Carry Two Marks Each 1 1
(A) (B)
2 − 4 s+a s-a
26. The matrix   has
4 − 2 1
(C) (D) ¥
a-s
(A) real eigenvalues and eigenvectors
(B) real eigenvalues but complex eigenvectors
(C) complex eigenvalues but real eigenvectors Solution:
(D) complex eigenvalues and eigenvectors 1
L(eat ) =
2 − 4 s−a
Solution: Let A =   . Now
4 − 2 ∞ ∞
A − lI = 0 L(eat ) = ∫ e−st eat dt = ∫e
−(s−a)t
dt
2−l −4 0 0
⇒ =0
−2 − l ∞
e−(s−a)t
4
1 1
⇒ −4 − 2l + 2l + l 2 + 16 = 0 = =− (0 − 1) =
−(s − a) s−a s−a
0
⇒ l 2 + 12 = 0
Ans. (B)
⇒ l = ±2 3i

GATE-Civil Engg_Afternoon Shift_2018.indd 22 3/27/2018 3:03:54 PM

AFTERNOON SHIFT A23

28. The rank of the following matrix is Now, considering 5 kg weight only force on 5 kg
=5´4
 1 1 0 −2
 
= 20 N
2 0 2 2
4 1 3 
 1 36 N F
(A) 1 (B) 2
(C) 3 (D) 4

Solution: 36F - F = 20 N Þ F = 16 N
 1 1 0 −2 Ans. (D)
 
A = 2 0 2 2 30. Four bolts P, Q, R and S of equal diameter are
4 1 3 
 1 used for a bracket subjected to a load of 130 kN as
shown in the figure.
R2 ® R2 - 2R1, R3 ® R3 - 4R1
Centre-line
1 1 0 −2
 
0 −2 2 6
0 −3 3 
 9 200 mm
3
R3 → R3 − R2
2 130 kN
1
 1 0 −2

0 −2 2 6
0 
 0 Q P

240 mm
0 0

No. of non-zero rows = 2

Rows of A = 2 R S
Ans. (A)
29. Two rigid bodies of mass 5 kg and 4 kg are at rest
on a frictionless surface until acted upon by a force
of 36 N as shown in the figure. The contact force 100 mm
generated between the two bodies is
The force in bolt P is
(A) 32.50 kN (B) 69.32 kN
36 N 5 kg (C) 82.50 kN (D) 119.32 kN
4 kg
Solution:
130
(A) 4.0 N (B) 7.2 N Direct shear in bolt P1 = = 32.5 kN
4
(C) 9.0 N (D) 16.0 N
Shear due to twisting moment
Solution:
P .e
F2 = × rp
∑ ri2
130 × 200 × 1202 + 1502
36 N 5 kg
4 kg =
4( 1202 + 502 )2
= 50 kN
Net force = Net mass ´ Acceleration
36 = 9 ´ a 120 
q = tan−1   = 67.38°
Þ a = 4 ms-2 or 4 m/sec2  50 

GATE-Civil Engg_Afternoon Shift_2018.indd 23 3/27/2018 3:03:58 PM

A24 SOLVED GATE (CIVIL ENGG) 2018

Therefore Solution:

Resultant force in bolt P = F12 + F22 + 2F1F2 cos q

= 32.52 + 502 + 2 × 32.5 × 50 × cos 67.38°

= 69.32 kN H
200 mm

H
P2 P1 3
130 kN
KagH
P Since soil is dry sand, we have
Q q
Out K0 = 1 - sin q
R S = 1 - sin 30° = 0.5
Total horizontal thrust is
100 mm
P0 = K0g H ⋅ H = × × 20 × 32 = 45 kN/m
1 1 1
2 2 2
Ans. (C)
Ans. (B)
33. Three soil specimens (Soil 1, Soil 2 and Soil 3), each
31. A singly-reinforced rectangular concrete beam of 150 mm long and 100 mm diameter, are placed in
width 300 mm and effective depth 400 mm is series in a constant head flow set-up as shown in the
to be designed using M25 grade concrete and figure. Suitable screens are provided at the boundar-
Fe500 grade reinforcing steel. For the beam to ies of the specimens to keep them intact. The values
be under-reinforced, the maximum number of of coefficient of permeability of Soil 1, Soil 2 and
16 mm diameter reinforcing bars that can be Soil 3 are 0.01, 0.003 and 0.03 cm/s, respectively.
provided is
(A) 3 (B) 4
(C) 5 (D) 6
560 mm
Solution:
h
 f 

Ast, lim = 0.414  ck  xu,lim bd
 fy 
Soil 1 Soil 2 Soil 3 100 mm
 25 
= 0.414  × 0.46 × 400 × 300 = 1142.64 mm2
 500 
150 mm 150 mm 150 mm

The value of h in the set-up is

No. of 16 mm f =
1142.64
= 5.68 (A) 0 mm (B) 40 mm
(p /4) × 162 (C) 255 mm (D) 560 mm
For Ast < Ast, lim, maximum number of bars to be Solution: In normal to bending plane flow (series
provided is 5. arrangement), discharge will be same but head loss
Ans. (C) and hydraulic gradient will be different.
32. A 3 m high vertical earth retaining wall retains a q = K1i1A = K2i2A = K3i3A
H 
dry granular backfill with angle of internal friction
of 30° and unit weight of 20 kN/m3. If the wall is = Kavg .  L  A
 L 
prevented from yielding (no movement), the total
horizontal thrust (in kN per unit length) on the ∑ Zi 150 + 150 + 150
wall is Kavg = = = 0.0064
Z 150 150 150
∑ i + +
(A) 0 (B) 30 Ki 0.01 0.003 0.03
(C) 45 (D) 270
Total head loss HL = 560 mm

GATE-Civil Engg_Afternoon Shift_2018.indd 24 3/27/2018 3:04:01 PM

AFTERNOON SHIFT A25

Therefore we have Solution:

h 560 4S 4 × 16
K3 . A = Kavg . A Overtaking time, T = = = 4 sec
150 (150 × 3) a 4
h 560 S = space headway = 16 m
⇒ 0.03 = 0.0064 a = acceleration = 4 m/sec2
150 450
Distance travelled by vehicle = S1
⇒ h = 40 mm
1
Ans. (B) S1 = uT + aT 2
2
34. In a 5 m wide rectangular channel, the velocity u 1
= 10 × 4 + × 4 × 42 = 72 m
distribution in the vertical direction y is given by 2
u = 1.25y1/6 . The distance y is measured from the Ans. (B)
channel bed. If the flow depth is 2 m, the discharge
per unit width of the channel is 36. A level instrument at a height of 1.320 m has been
placed at a station having a Reduced Level (RL)
(A) 2.40 m3/s/m (B) 2.80 m3/s/m
3 of 112.565 m. The instrument reads -2.835 m on a
(C) 3.27 m /s/m (D) 12.02 m3/s/m
leveling staff held at the bottom of a bridge deck.
The RL (in m) of the bottom of the bridge deck is
Solution: Given u = 1.25 y1/6.
(A) 116.720 (B) 116.080
(C) 114.080 (D) 111.050

dy Solution:
Height of instrument = 112.565 + 1.320
y = 113.885 m
RL of bottom of bridge = 113.885 + 2.835
= 116.720 m
Discharge through elementary strip (dQ) = 5dy ´ u. Ans. (A)
Therefore
37. The value (up to two decimal places) of a line

2
integral ∫ F(r) ⋅ dr, for F(r) = x2 i + y 2 j along C
Total discharge, Q = ∫ (5dy)(1.25y
1/6
)dy C
0 which is a straight line joining (0, 0) to (1, 1)
2  y1/6 +1 2 is .
= 6.25 ∫ y 1/6
dy = 6.25   = 12.026 m3
(1 / 6) + 1 Solution:
0 0

12.026 F(r) = x2 i + y 2 j and dr = dxi + dy j
Discharge per unit width, q = = 2.405 m3 /s/m
5 So, F ⋅ dr = (x2dx + y 2dy)
Ans. (A)
Now, along (0, 0) to (1, 1) equation of straight line
35. A car follows a slow moving truck (travelling at is y = x; so dy = dx and 0 £ x £ 1. So
speed of 10 m/s) on a two-lane two-way highway.
The car reduces its speed to 10 m/s and follows LI = ∫ F ⋅ dr = ∫ x2dx + y 2dy
the truck maintaining a distance of 16 m from C C
the truck. On finding a clear gap in the opposing 1

∫ 2x dx = 3 = 0.67
2
traffic stream, the car accelerates at an average = 2

rate of 4 m/s2, overtakes the truck and returns to 0

its original lane. When it returns to its original Ans. (0.67)
lane, the distance between the car and the truck
38. An 8 m long simply-supported elastic beam of rect-
is 16 m. The total distance covered by the car
angular cross-section (100 mm ´ 200 mm) is sub-
during this period (from the time it leaves its
jected to a uniformly distributed load of 10 kN/m
lane and subsequently returns to its lane after
over its entire span. The maximum principal stress
overtaking) is
(in MPa, up to two decimal places) at a point
(A) 64 m (B) 72 m located at the extreme compression edge of a cross-
(C) 128 m (D) 144 m section and at 2 m from the support is .

GATE-Civil Engg_Afternoon Shift_2018.indd 25 3/27/2018 3:04:08 PM

A26 SOLVED GATE (CIVIL ENGG) 2018

Solution: MQ
qQ =
180
= = 0.01 rad
m 8 KN/m kQ 1.8 × 104
2
Ans. (0.01)
40. A prismatic propped cantilever beam of span L and
plastic moment capacity Mp is subjected to a con-
40 KN 8m 40 KN centrated load at its mid-span. If the collapse load
Mp
of the beam is a , the value of a is .
L
Solution:

200 mm +
L/2
L/2
MP
100 mm
q o
Mat 2m = 40 ´ 2 - 10 ´ 2 ´ 1 = 60 kN/m
S.Fat 2m = 40 - 10 ´ 2 = 20 kN q q
Bending stress is MP MP

60 × 106 × 200/2
s =
My
= = 90 MPa External work done = Internal work done
I 2003
100 ×
−3M pq = −w q
L
12
2
Direct shear stress = 0 6M p
Principle stress is ⇒ =w
L
90 + 0 1
s p /s p = ± (0 − 90)2 + y(0)2 = 90 MPa So a = 6.
1 2
2 2
Ans. (6)
So principal stress = 90 MPa
Ans. (90 MPa) 41. A 6 m long simply-supported beam is prestressed
as shown in the figure.
39. A prismatic beam P-Q-R of flexural rigidity
EI = 1 ´ 104 kNm2 is subjected to a moment of
180 kNm at Q as shown in the figure. Neutral 50 mm
axis
180 kNm
Prestressing cable
P Q R (straight profile)

5m 4m The beam carries a uniformly distributed load of

6 kN/m over its entire span. If the effective flexural
The rotation at Q (in rad, up to two decimal places) rigidity EI = 2 ´ 104 kNm2 and the effective pre-
is . stressing force is 200 kN, the net increase in length
of the prestressing cable (in mm, up to two decimal
Solution: places) is .

qP = 0 180 kNm qR = 0 Solution:

P R Downward UDL, w = 6 kN/m; e = 50 mm; pre-
stressing force, P = 200 kN; EI = 2 ´ 104 kN/m2;
5m 4m L=6m
Rotation due to prestress
KQ = KQP + KQR
200 × 50 × 10−3 × 6
= 1.5 × 10−3
Pel
=
4EI 4EI
+ = 1.8EI = =
5 4 2EI 2 × 2 × 104

GATE-Civil Engg_Afternoon Shift_2018.indd 26 3/27/2018 3:04:12 PM

AFTERNOON SHIFT A27

Rotation due to Solution:

∆e 1.2 − 0.6
6×6
3 3 Compression index CC = =
= 2.7 × 10−3 log(s 2 /s 1 )  800 
wL
UDL = =
24 × 2 × 104 log  
24EI  50 
Net rotation = 2.7 ´ 10-3 - 1.5 ´ 10-3 0.6
= 1.2 ´ 10-3 radian = = 0. 5
Elongation of cable = 2 ´ 50 ´ 1.2 ´ 10-3
log 16
= 0.120 mm Ans. (0.5)
Ans. (0.12 mm) 44. The total horizontal and vertical stresses at a point
42. A cable PQ of length 25 m is supported at two X in a saturated sandy medium are 170 kPa and
ends at the same level as shown in the figure. The 300 kPa, respectively. The static pore-water pres-
horizontal distance between the supports is 20 m. sure is 30 kPa. At failure, the excess pore-water
A point load of 150 kN is applied at point R which pressure is measured to be 94.5 kPa, and the shear
divides it into two equal parts. stresses on the vertical and horizontal planes pass-
ing through the point X are zero. Effective cohe-
20 m
sion is 0 kPa and effective angle of internal friction
is 36°. The shear strength (in kPa, up to two deci-
mal places) at point X is .
P Q
Solution:
R 300 + 170 300 − 170
sn = + cos 2a
2 2
150 kN 36°
Now a = 45° + = 63°
Neglecting the self-weight of the cable, the tension 2
(in kN, in interger value) in the cable due to the So s n = 196.79 kPa
s n′ = s n − u = 196.79 − (30 + 94.5) = 72.29 kPa
applied load will be .

t = C + s n′ tan f = 72.29 tan 36° = 52.52 kPa

Solution:
V1 V2
Ans. (52.52 kPa)
O 45. A group of nine piles in a 3 ´ 3 square pattern is
H1 H2
P Q embedded in a soil strata comprising dense sand
underlying recently filled clay layer, as shown in
R the figure. The perimeter of an individual pile is
126 cm. the size of pile group is 240 cm ´ 240 cm.
The recently filled clay has undrained shear strength
150 kN
of 15 kPa and unit weight of 16 kN/m3.

OR = 12.52 − 102 = 7.5 m

v1 = v2 = 75 kN Recently
2m
å MR = 0 (Left hand)
filled clay

H1 ´ OR = v1 ´ 10
Dense sand
75 × 10 5m
⇒ H1 = = 100 kN
7.5

Tension in cable = 1002 × 752 = 125 kN

Ans. (125 kN)
43. The compression curve (void ratio, e vs. effective
stress, s v ¢ ) for a certain clayey soil is a straight
240 cm
line in a semi-logarithmic plot and it passes through
the points (e = 1.2; s v ¢ = 50 kPa) and (e = 0.6;
s v ¢ = 800 kPa). The compression index (up to two
decimal places) of the soil is . 240 cm

GATE-Civil Engg_Afternoon Shift_2018.indd 27 3/27/2018 3:04:17 PM

A28 SOLVED GATE (CIVIL ENGG) 2018

The negative frictional load (in kN, up to two deci- Solution:

mal places) acting on the pile group is .
1 × 108 m3
Runoff = = 0.1 m = 10 cm
1000 × 106 m2
Solution:
Negative skin friction for group = a c (4BL) + Weight
Rainfall − Runoff 19 − 10
of soil in negative zone f= = = 1.5 cm/hr
= a c (4BL) + g[Area ´ Length]
Time 6

= 1 ´ 15(4 ´ 2.4 ´ 2) + 16(2.42 ´ 2) = 472.32 kN/m2 Ans. (1.5 cm/hr)

Negative skin friction in individual action 48. A rough pipe of 0.5 m diameter, 300 m length and
= n(a c perimeter × L) roughness height of 0.25 mm, carries water (kine-
matic viscosity = 0.9 ´ 10-6 m/s) with velocity of
= 9(0.5 ´ 15 ´ 1.26 ´ 2) 3 m/s. Friction factor (f ) for laminar flow is given
= 170.1 kN/m2 by f = 64/Re, and for turbulent flow it is given
Consider maximum of above two for design purpose. r
= 2log10   + 1.74 , where Re = Reynolds
1
 k 
So by
f
Qnf = 472.32 kN/m2
Ans. (472.32 kN/m2) number, r = radius of pipe, k = roughness height
and g = 9.81 m/s2. The head loss (in m, up to
46. A three-fluid system (immiscible) is connected to three decimal places) in the pipe due to friction
a vacuum pump. The specific gravity values of the is .
fluids (S1, S2) are given in the figure.
Solution:
To Vacuum Pump
r VD VD 3 × 0.5
Re = = = −6
= 1.67 × 106
m
p1
v 0.9 × 10
S1 = 0.88
So Re > 200 ® turbulent flow (in general)
Fluid I
patm S2 = 0.95 patm 1.5 m 1
= 2 log10
D
+ 1.74
1.0 m f 2ks
Fluid II
0.5 m
0.5
= 2 log10 + 1.74
2 × 0.25 × 10−3
Fluid III: Water

f = 0.01669
Unit weight of water, g w = 9.81 kN/m3
fLV 2 0.01669 × 300 × 32
hf = = = 4.594 m
Atmospheric Pressure, patm = 95.43 kPa 2gD 2 × 9.81 × 0.5
The gauge pressure value (in kN/m2, up to two Ans. (4.594 m)
decimal places) of p1 is .
49. A flocculation tank contains 1800 m3 of water,
Solution: Taking p1 is a gauge pressure which is mixed using paddles at an average veloc-
pA = p1 + (0.88 ´ 103) ´ 9.81 ´ 0.5 ity gradient G of 100/s. The water temperature
and the corresponding dynamic viscosity are 30°C
+ 0.95 ´ 103 ´ 9.81 ´ 1 and 0.798 ´ 10-3 Ns/m2, respectively. The theoreti-
103 ´ 9.81 ´ 0.5 = p1 + (0.88 ´ 103) ´ 9.81 cal power required to achieve the stated value of G
´ 0.5 + 0.95 ´ 103 ´ 9.81 ´ 1 (in kW, up to two decimal places) is .
⇒ p1 = −8.73 kN/m2
Solution: Power required,
Ans. (-8.73 kN/m2)
P= mvG2
47. The total rainfall in a catchment of area 1000 km2, = 0.798 ´ 10-3 N-sec/m2 ´ 1800 m3 ´ (1005)2
during a 6 h storm, is 19 cm. The surface run off = 14364 Nm/sec or watt
due to this storm computed from triangular direct = 14.36 kW
runoff hydrograph is 1 ´ 108 m3. The f index for this Ans. (14.36 kW)
storm (in cm/h, up to one decimal place) is .

GATE-Civil Engg_Afternoon Shift_2018.indd 28 3/27/2018 3:04:22 PM

AFTERNOON SHIFT A29

50. A coal containing 2% sulfur is burned completely 52. A schematic flow diagram of a completely mixed
to ash in a brick kiln at a rate of 30 kg/min. The biological reactor with provision for recycling of
sulfur content in the ash was found to be 6% of the solids is shown in the figure.
initial amount of sulfur present in the coal fed to
the brick kiln. The molecular weights of S, H and O Aeration tank
are 32, 1 and 16 g/mole, respectively. The annual S = 15 mg/L
rate of sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission from the kiln X = 3000 mg/L Secondary
(in tonnes/year, up to two decimal places) is . Detention time = 2 h settling tank

Solution:
Total coal burnt in the kiln in a year Q = 15000 m3/d Q - Qw
S0 = 15 mg/L = 14950 m3/d
= 30 ´ 60 ´ 24 ´ 365 = 15768000 kg X0 ~ 0 mg/L S = 15 mg/L
Sulfur present in the coal = 0.02 ´ 15768000 Qr = 5000 m3/d
S = 15 mg/L
Xe ~ 0 mg/L

= 315360 kg Xu = 10000 mg/L

Qw = 50 m3/d
Sulfur content in the ash = 0.06 ´ 315360 S = 15 mg/L
Sludge return
= 18921.6 kg Xu = 10000 mg/L
Sulfur oxidized in SO2 = 194 ´ 315360 = 296438.4 kg
S + O2 → SO2 S0, S = readily biodegradable soluble BOD, mg/L
32 64 Q, Qr,Qw = flow rates, m3/d
32 gm sulfur produces 64 gm SO2. Therefore X0, X, Xe, Xu = microorganism (mixed-liquor
296438.4 kg sulfur produces volatile suspended solids or MLVSS), mg/L

´ 296438.4 = 592876.8 kg » 592.876 tonnes

64 The mean cell residence time (in days, up to one
32 decimal place) is .
Ans. (592.876 tonnes) Solution:
51. At a small water treatment plant which has 4 Mean cell resistance time is given by
filters, the rates of filtration and backwashing are
200 m3/d/m2 and 1000 m3/d/m2, respectively. qc =
VX
Backwashing is done for 15 min per day. The (Q0 − Qw )Xe + Qw Xu
maturation, which occurs initially as the filter is Detention time = 2h
put back into service after cleaning, takes 30 min. 2
It is proposed to recover the water being wasted Vol. of tank = Q0t0 = 15000 × = 1250 m3
24
during backwashing and maturation. The percent-
Since, XC = 0, qC will be calculated as follows:
age increase in the filtered water produced (up to
two decimal places) would be . 1250 × 3000
qc = = 7.5 days
Solution: Let total area of filter be 1 m2. 50 × 10000
Water used for back washing is Ans. (7.5 days)
15 53. The space mean speed (kmph) and density
1000 × = 10.4166 m3
24 × 60 (vehicles/km) of a traffic stream are linearly
related. The free flow speed and density are 80
Water used for maturation is kmph and 100 vehicles/km, respectively. The traf-
30
200 × = 4.166 m3
fic flow (in vehicles/h, up to one decimal place)
24 × 60 corresponding to a speed of 40) kmph is .
Total water wasted for back washing and matura- Solution:
tion = 10.4166 + 4.166 = 14.58 m3
Green shield theory
Water to be treated by filtering is
 k 

V = Vf 1 − 
23.25
200 × = 193.75 m3 /day
24  kj 

 k 
% increase in filtered water produced is
Þ 40 = 80 1 − 
14.58
´ 100 = 7.525%  100 
Þ k = 50 veh/km
193.75
Ans. (7.525%)

GATE-Civil Engg_Afternoon Shift_2018.indd 29 3/27/2018 3:04:25 PM

A30 SOLVED GATE (CIVIL ENGG) 2018

Traffic flow @ 50 veh/km @ speed 40 kmph v2

e=
q = Vk 225R
 k2   502  1002
  = = 0.0871 > 0.07 = tan q
Þ q = Vf k −  = 80 50 −  225 × 510
 kj   100 
sin q » 0.07
x = 7.5 ´ sin q = 0.525 m
= 2000 veh/hr
Ans. (2000 vehicles/hr) Ans. (0.525 m)
54. A 7.5 m wide two-lane road on a plain terrain is to 55. An aerial photograph of a terrain having an aver-
be laid along a horizontal curve of radius 510 m. age elevation of 1400 m is taken at a scale of 1:7500.
For a design speed of 100 kmph, super-elevation is The focal length of the camera is 15 cm. The alti-
provided as per IRC: 73-1980. Consider accelera- tude of the fight above mean sea level (in m, up to
tion due to gravity as 9.81 m/s2. The level differ- one decimal place) is .
ence between the inner and outer edges of the road
(in m, up to three decimal places) is . Solution: Given h = 1400 m, scale = 1:7500,
f = 15 cm.
Solution:
f
Scale =
H −h
⇒ H = 2525 m
m
7.5 Ans. (2525 m)
x

GATE-Civil Engg_Afternoon Shift_2018.indd 30 3/27/2018 3:04:27 PM

GATE - ESE PYQ Series Environment P With Anno 1671120026399
No ratings yet
GATE - ESE PYQ Series Environment P With Anno 1671120026399
28 pages
To Determine Resistance Per CM of A Given Wire by Plotting A Graph of Potential Difference Versus Current and Reading of Pratical
80% (10)
To Determine Resistance Per CM of A Given Wire by Plotting A Graph of Potential Difference Versus Current and Reading of Pratical
14 pages
Gate-Me-2024, V-Ii
No ratings yet
Gate-Me-2024, V-Ii
401 pages
(For Engineer) BE Concrete Technology
No ratings yet
(For Engineer) BE Concrete Technology
46 pages
Soil ZT
No ratings yet
Soil ZT
83 pages
Construction, Technology, Planning Mangement
100% (1)
Construction, Technology, Planning Mangement
14 pages
32 - A Handbook On Civil Engineering - 1
No ratings yet
32 - A Handbook On Civil Engineering - 1
24 pages
GATE 2014 Civil Engineering Keys & Solution (Evening Session)
100% (1)
GATE 2014 Civil Engineering Keys & Solution (Evening Session)
36 pages
JKSSB JE Civil 20 March 2022 (English)
No ratings yet
JKSSB JE Civil 20 March 2022 (English)
26 pages
MRSPTU B.tech. Civil (5th-8th Sem) Scheme and Syllabus 2019 Batch Onwardsupadetedon13!09!2021
No ratings yet
MRSPTU B.tech. Civil (5th-8th Sem) Scheme and Syllabus 2019 Batch Onwardsupadetedon13!09!2021
51 pages
Mayo Clinic Internal Medicine Board Review 10th
No ratings yet
Mayo Clinic Internal Medicine Board Review 10th
303 pages
GKP Civil Engineering Gate Mock Test PDF
No ratings yet
GKP Civil Engineering Gate Mock Test PDF
11 pages
Important Questions MARKETING MANAGEMEMT
No ratings yet
Important Questions MARKETING MANAGEMEMT
3 pages
Full RCC YT
No ratings yet
Full RCC YT
447 pages
Topic 4: Subject-Verb Agreement I. Choose The Best Answer To Finish Each Sentence
No ratings yet
Topic 4: Subject-Verb Agreement I. Choose The Best Answer To Finish Each Sentence
15 pages
Basics of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
No ratings yet
Basics of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
55 pages
B.Tech Civil Syllabus AR19-GMRIT
100% (1)
B.Tech Civil Syllabus AR19-GMRIT
100 pages
IOE Syllabus (Civil-4th Year)
100% (7)
IOE Syllabus (Civil-4th Year)
98 pages
GATE-2011 Question Paper & Answer Keys
No ratings yet
GATE-2011 Question Paper & Answer Keys
19 pages
Module5 SA1 PDF
No ratings yet
Module5 SA1 PDF
148 pages
Rock Mass Classification
No ratings yet
Rock Mass Classification
20 pages
Permeability
No ratings yet
Permeability
6 pages
1628672121civil New 2019
No ratings yet
1628672121civil New 2019
170 pages
Chethan Internship Report
No ratings yet
Chethan Internship Report
25 pages
RCC Problem Solved
No ratings yet
RCC Problem Solved
27 pages
Fi Tter: Curri Culum
100% (1)
Fi Tter: Curri Culum
58 pages
14 - 3500 MCQs Practice Book - JDLCCE - Sample
No ratings yet
14 - 3500 MCQs Practice Book - JDLCCE - Sample
19 pages
Civil Engineering Surveying MCQ MCQ On Theodolite Survey (Frymark, Patrick) (Z-Library)
No ratings yet
Civil Engineering Surveying MCQ MCQ On Theodolite Survey (Frymark, Patrick) (Z-Library)
72 pages
DLL g7 Sci Micros
100% (2)
DLL g7 Sci Micros
3 pages
B.tech. Curriculum 2018-19 With CO-PO Mapping
No ratings yet
B.tech. Curriculum 2018-19 With CO-PO Mapping
180 pages
GATE 2014 Civil Engineering Keys & Solution (Morning Session)
No ratings yet
GATE 2014 Civil Engineering Keys & Solution (Morning Session)
35 pages
GSM1501 Study Guide
No ratings yet
GSM1501 Study Guide
141 pages
Amity University, Mumbai Aibas: Title: Learned Optimism Scale
No ratings yet
Amity University, Mumbai Aibas: Title: Learned Optimism Scale
9 pages
IES-ESE Civil Engineering Reference Books at IES-ESE Coaching PDF
No ratings yet
IES-ESE Civil Engineering Reference Books at IES-ESE Coaching PDF
1 page
CE6702 Notes Rejinpaul
100% (1)
CE6702 Notes Rejinpaul
88 pages
Ocf WB
No ratings yet
Ocf WB
16 pages
CE GATE 2011 Question 24 Jan 2011
No ratings yet
CE GATE 2011 Question 24 Jan 2011
18 pages
Earthmoving Equipment With Picture
100% (1)
Earthmoving Equipment With Picture
16 pages
EEEC Lab Manual
No ratings yet
EEEC Lab Manual
25 pages
CP Cooler Technik
No ratings yet
CP Cooler Technik
16 pages
Eddy Current Level-1
No ratings yet
Eddy Current Level-1
111 pages
İMÜ331 - Soil Mechanics I: Seepage Flow Nets
100% (1)
İMÜ331 - Soil Mechanics I: Seepage Flow Nets
17 pages
Math To The Point by Dhyan Pal
No ratings yet
Math To The Point by Dhyan Pal
14 pages
CE MainExamination (2020 (Paper-1) (Pg682)
No ratings yet
CE MainExamination (2020 (Paper-1) (Pg682)
12 pages
GATE Solved Question Papers For Civil Engineering CE by AglaSem Com
No ratings yet
GATE Solved Question Papers For Civil Engineering CE by AglaSem Com
72 pages
A Study On Construction of Gravity Dam
100% (1)
A Study On Construction of Gravity Dam
4 pages
Complete Design of RC Structure
No ratings yet
Complete Design of RC Structure
51 pages
MadeEasy Book List
No ratings yet
MadeEasy Book List
2 pages
Construction Equipments by Jaspal Sir - 220918 - 172529
No ratings yet
Construction Equipments by Jaspal Sir - 220918 - 172529
2 pages
CE Soil Mechanics
No ratings yet
CE Soil Mechanics
9 pages
Means of Verification For TI-III - TEMPLATE
No ratings yet
Means of Verification For TI-III - TEMPLATE
72 pages
Module-37A: Analysis of Beam Sections at Transfer and Service Loads
100% (1)
Module-37A: Analysis of Beam Sections at Transfer and Service Loads
2 pages
GATE 2014 CiviL Answer Key
No ratings yet
GATE 2014 CiviL Answer Key
37 pages
Mbquart Formula Fx1700
No ratings yet
Mbquart Formula Fx1700
11 pages
Gate Civil Engineering 2011 PDF
No ratings yet
Gate Civil Engineering 2011 PDF
13 pages
CH 3 Plant Layout (Copy)
No ratings yet
CH 3 Plant Layout (Copy)
30 pages
The Death of The Moth
No ratings yet
The Death of The Moth
5 pages
Chapter 1 - Vertical Stresses
No ratings yet
Chapter 1 - Vertical Stresses
33 pages
Astm A-291
No ratings yet
Astm A-291
4 pages
Basic Civil - Module 2
No ratings yet
Basic Civil - Module 2
40 pages
Westin Aristotle's Rhetorical Energeia
No ratings yet
Westin Aristotle's Rhetorical Energeia
11 pages
Synopsis
No ratings yet
Synopsis
18 pages
CE409 M1-Quantity Surveying and Valuation-Ktustudents - in
No ratings yet
CE409 M1-Quantity Surveying and Valuation-Ktustudents - in
17 pages
1
No ratings yet
1
62 pages
TNPSC Ae Exam
No ratings yet
TNPSC Ae Exam
13 pages
Lecture 1 and 2
No ratings yet
Lecture 1 and 2
38 pages
GATE 2014 CE Answer Key
No ratings yet
GATE 2014 CE Answer Key
70 pages
Ce 301: Professional Practice
No ratings yet
Ce 301: Professional Practice
24 pages
Summer Internship AT North Western Railways
No ratings yet
Summer Internship AT North Western Railways
32 pages
LM Ce6312 Cadd IV QB
No ratings yet
LM Ce6312 Cadd IV QB
58 pages
10 - Hydraulic Jump and Its Usefulness in The Design of Irrigation Structures
No ratings yet
10 - Hydraulic Jump and Its Usefulness in The Design of Irrigation Structures
18 pages
BRIDGE ENGINEERING Definition
No ratings yet
BRIDGE ENGINEERING Definition
3 pages
Inter-Personal Communication-Listening, Feedback Collaborative Processes in Work Groups
No ratings yet
Inter-Personal Communication-Listening, Feedback Collaborative Processes in Work Groups
18 pages
Maharashtra Engineering Civil Services Main Examination - 2011 (Paper-2)
No ratings yet
Maharashtra Engineering Civil Services Main Examination - 2011 (Paper-2)
6 pages
IDEA TRIBE - 2025 - Broucher
No ratings yet
IDEA TRIBE - 2025 - Broucher
4 pages
Civil Engineering 8th Feb 2015 Shift2 Solution by IES MASTER
No ratings yet
Civil Engineering 8th Feb 2015 Shift2 Solution by IES MASTER
21 pages
Engineered Ferrites and Their Applications: Pankaj Sharma Gagan Kumar Bhargava Sumit Bhardwaj Indu Sharma Editors
No ratings yet
Engineered Ferrites and Their Applications: Pankaj Sharma Gagan Kumar Bhargava Sumit Bhardwaj Indu Sharma Editors
261 pages
Diamond Interchange: Important Year's of Highway Development
No ratings yet
Diamond Interchange: Important Year's of Highway Development
2 pages
X5000 Safety Manual
No ratings yet
X5000 Safety Manual
24 pages
Dissertation Travail Et Technique Philosophie
100% (2)
Dissertation Travail Et Technique Philosophie
6 pages
MSME Certificate - OFG
No ratings yet
MSME Certificate - OFG
2 pages
The Five Stages of Hawthorne Studies and Their Purposes
No ratings yet
The Five Stages of Hawthorne Studies and Their Purposes
3 pages
Lesson 1
No ratings yet
Lesson 1
14 pages
1316020AL TM Primary 3A Unit 1 Numbers To 100,000
No ratings yet
1316020AL TM Primary 3A Unit 1 Numbers To 100,000
23 pages
Hydraulic Slurry Pump Manual
No ratings yet
Hydraulic Slurry Pump Manual
4 pages
The Preparing For The Threat - Questions
No ratings yet
The Preparing For The Threat - Questions
4 pages
Digital Filter Structures Digital Filter Structures
No ratings yet
Digital Filter Structures Digital Filter Structures
10 pages
Trabajo de Ingles Animal en Extincion
No ratings yet
Trabajo de Ingles Animal en Extincion
4 pages
DLL - English 4 - Q1 - W8
No ratings yet
DLL - English 4 - Q1 - W8
4 pages
Writing PG 91 SB
No ratings yet
Writing PG 91 SB
3 pages

GATE Civil Engineering

Uploaded by

GATE Civil Engineering

Uploaded by

GATE-2011

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com

ANALYSIS OF GATE 2011

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 3

GATE 2011 Examination

Q.1 to Q. 25 carries one mark each.

(A) 0.61s (C) 0.70s

8. The cross-section of a thermo-mechanically treated (TMT) reinforcing bar has

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 5

Footing X: Linear elastic Footing Y: Rigid

Isotropic linear Isotropic linear

(A) Be uniformly distributed for Y but not for X

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 7

25. Curvature correction to a staff reading in a differential leveling survey is

Q.26 - Q.55 Carry Two Mark each.

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 8

28. What is the value of the definite integral

(A) (4/21) (C) (7/21)

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 9

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 10

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 11

(A) 132 kN (C) 287 kN

(A) 2.25 months (C) 9 months

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 12

(A) 5 kPa (C) 15 kPa

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 13

Common Data Questions

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 14

Common Data for Questions 50 and 51

Linked Answer Questions

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 15

Statement for Linked Answer Questions 54 and 55

General Aptitude One Marks Question Q. 56 to Q. 60

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 16

General Aptitude Two Marks Question Q. 61 to Q. 65

R(3 mm) ( mm)

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 17

: 080-617 66 222, [email protected] ©Copyright reserved. Web:www.thegateacademy.com 18

ANALYSIS OF GATE 2019

GATE 2019 Examination*

Test Date: 10-FEB-2019

3. Th C O’s cision to quit was as shocking to the board as it was to _________

Q.6 - Q.10 Carry Two Mark each.

Means, the size of smaller square s ’

s will n gl ct caus siz of small r squar th n com s out to ( ) i.e.

4. Which one of the following is correct?

6. For small value of h, the Taylor series expansion for f x h is

14. Which one of the following is a secondary pollutant?

16. The interior angles of four triangles are given below;

25. A plane truss is shown in the figure (not drawn to scale)

Q.26 - Q.55 Carry Two Mark each.

Activity Normal Crash Duration Normal Cost Crash cost

31. Which one of the following is NOT a correct statement?

37. Consider the ordinary differential equation x x y . Given the values of

47. A m m square precast reinforced concrete segments to be installed by pushing them

48. For the following statements:

Click here for

Date of Exam : 10/2/2019 (Afternoon)

Q.2 Daytime temperatures in Delhi can______40°C.

Q.3 A retaining wall with measurements 30 m x 12 m x 6 m was constructed with bricks

Q.4 Hima Das was_____only Indian athlete to win_______gold for India.

Q.8 Population of state X increased by x % and the population of state Y increased by y%

Commencing from Commencing from

Batch Course Duration Class Duration Test Series

Streams Batch Code Batch Commencing Date Venue (Delhi) Timing

ME A 20-Feb-2019 Ghitorni Centre 7:30 AM to 1:30 PM

Ex. MADE EASY Students

Rs. 1000/- Discount on test series valid till 15-02-2019

So, required % change,

On the basis of the information available in the paragraph,_________is/are responsible

Q.4 The Laplace transform of sin h (at) is

Q.11 The following inequality is true for all x close to 0.

Early start Extra edge

Batches Commencement Dates

Q.4 Hima Das was_only Indian athlete to win___gold for India.