Scribd
Upload
104 views2 pages

Sampling Technique and Data Collection Method in Qualitative Research

This document discusses sampling techniques and data collection methods in qualitative research. It describes three common non-probability sampling techniques: convenience sampling, purposeful sampling including criterion, critical case, and snowball sampling. It also outlines three qualitative data collection methods: interviews, observation, and document analysis. For interviews, it distinguishes between structured, unstructured, and semi-structured interviews and provides guidelines for conducting in-depth interviews. For observation, it differentiates between participant, direct, and indirect observation.

Uploaded by

Erica Napigkit
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
104 views2 pages

Sampling Technique and Data Collection Method in Qualitative Research

This document discusses sampling techniques and data collection methods in qualitative research. It describes three common non-probability sampling techniques: convenience sampling, purposeful sampling including criterion, critical case, and snowball sampling. It also outlines three qualitative data collection methods: interviews, observation, and document analysis. For interviews, it distinguishes between structured, unstructured, and semi-structured interviews and provides guidelines for conducting in-depth interviews. For observation, it differentiates between participant, direct, and indirect observation.

Uploaded by

Erica Napigkit
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

Common Non-Probability Sampling Techniques


1. Convenience Sampling
2. Purposeful or Purposive Sampling
a. Criterion Sampling
b. Critical Case Sampling
c. Snow Ball Sampling
1. Convenience Sampling - This sampling technique is a type of non-probability sampling wherein the
sample is taken from a group or people who are easy to contract or to reach (Etikan, 2016).
2. Purposeful or Purposive Sampling - It is a non-probability sampling known as judgmental, selective or
subjective sampling (Patton, 1990). On this sampling, researcher relies on his/ her own judgement when
choosing participants through predetermined standards. Some of its examples are criterion, critical case
and snowball sampling.
a. Criterion Sampling. It is a purposeful sampling that identifies participants through particular
criteria based from the needs of the study (Suri, 2011).
b. Critical Sampling. It is a purposive sampling wherein the researcher deliberately chooses
participants based on their capability in providing the necessary data for the research (Coyne,
1997).
c. Snowball Sampling or Chain Sampling. It is a purposive sampling wherein the research
identifies only one (1) or two (2) participants and the rest are recruited through the referrals of
the previous participants (Patton, 1990).

Data Collection Methods in Qualitative Research

1. INTERVIEW
- a conversation that is intended to obtain specific kinds of information. It explores the
interviewee’s opinions, beliefs, viewpoints, thoughts, experiences and judgements about
something.
Kinds of interview
a. IN-DEPTH INTERVIEW
-one on one interview
b. GROUP INTERVIEW
(FOCUS GROUP AND NATURAL GROUP)
-6 TO 10 participants
Types of interviews
a. Structured interview
-follows a particular progression and has a well-defined content
b. Unstructured interview
-normal conversation or a freewheeling exchange of ideas
c. Semi-structured interview
-caters a specific set of questions, but there are also additional probes

Guide in Conducting In-depth Interviews (Prieto, et.al, 2017)

1. Planning Stage
- Identify the target participants in the study.
- Have a listing of the participants to be interviewed.

2. Development of Instrument
- Develop the interview schedule/guide.
- Interview schedule- It gives the interview the desired amount of structure and guarantees
that the flow of interview stays on track.
- Topic guide- less restrictive in nature which allows the respondents to engage in a more
free and dynamic conversation
- List the questions to be asked during the interview.
- An ideal number of not more than 15 questions

Sample Interview Questions


1. Open-ended questions
Please describe your thoughts about Alternative Learning System (ALS). As an ALS student,
• What activities do you perform inside and outside the classroom?
• How will you describe your activities inside the classroom?
• How will you describe your activities outside the classroom?
2. Probing questions for further clarification
• What else can you say about the program?
• Kindly elaborate the issue on the quality of modules.
• Please tell me more about your experiences.
• Please give examples.
• Please explain further your thoughts.

2.OBSERVATION -is a method that is used to collect data on natural phenomena or behavior as it
occurs
TYPES OF OBSERVATION ACCORDING TO INSTRUMENT
A. STRUCTURED -a researcher uses an observation checklist where in expected behaviors of
interest are already specified.
B. UNSTRUCTURED -the researcher uses an observation guide where he/she observes things as
they happen without any preconceived ideas of what will be observed.

TYPES OF OBSERVATION ACCORDING TO INSTRUMENT


A. Participant Observation- Researcher becomes a participant in the culture or context being
observed.
-Requires researcher to be accepted as part of culture being observed
B. Direct Observation- Researcher strives to be as unobtrusive as possible so as not to bias the
observations; more detached.
-Technology can be useful (i.e video, audiorecording).
C. Indirect Observation -Results of an interaction, process or behavior are observed (for example,
measuring the amount of plate waste left by students in a school cafeteria to determine whether a new
food is acceptable to them).

You might also like