Dr. Rizalina G.

Gomez
College of Education
MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology
At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:
1.Analyze the reasons for change in school organizations
and programs in the modern era in relation to historical
events.
2.Explain the evolution and development of the Philippine
educational system in the historical and legal context
3.Integrate education in the earliest period with the present
trends of education
Outline of Presentation
I. Global
▪ Ancient Period
▪ Middle/Medieval Period
▪ Renaissance Period (grp 1)
▪ Modern/Contemporary Period (Grp 1)
II. Local
▪ Pre-colonial Period
▪ Spanish Period
▪ American Period
▪ Post-colonial Period
 Overview of Global Educational System

• Ancient Middle Renaissance Modern

   

Primitive Period
Education is as old as Pre-Historic men
Simple and have narrow social and cultural contact
Extraordinarily conservative
Believed in superstitious
Primitive Period
 Their means of livelihood were hunting and gathering of wild fruit and
vegetables
 There was no reading or writing and information was transmitted through
word of mouth, songs, gestures, ceremonial, rites
 Overview of Global Educational System

• Ancient Middle Renaissance Modern

   

Middle/Medieval Period
 Medieval schools conducted by monks and nuns within the confines of a monastery
for the religious training and general education
 Largely centered around religion and was almost exclusively for the children of
wealthy families
 There were monastic and cathedral schools
 Children were taught their basics such as how to read and write and Latin and often
prepared for a life in the church
Medieval Period
 The fall of Rome in 476 A.D is considered as the end of ancient
time and the start of medieval history
4 educational systems movements emerged:
1.Monasticism
2.Scholasticism
3.Chivalry
4.Guild System
Monasticism
The curriculum of the monastic schools consisted of the 7 liberal arts
Monasticism …
The monastic schools grew out of the philosophy of
Asceticism.
Severe self-discipline and avoidance of all forms
of indulgence, typically for religious reasons.

Practitioners of asceticism would forego marriage, financial

gain, and most earthly pursuits, in order to focus on
spiritual development usually in isolation.
Monasticism …
Two common ways to follow Asceticism
1. Hermits would often live in nearly complete isolation to pursue
spiritual development

2. Monks would stay near communities of people in order to provide

spiritual care for others.

monks would live together in monasteries to support and encourage

each other.
Monasticism …

Monks

Hermit
Monasticism …
Monasticism …
Monasticism …
Method of Instructions:
1. Catechetical method
2. Dictation
3. Memorization
4. Language
5. Discipline
6. Meditation and contemplation/ Thoughtful Reflection
Monasticism …
Outstanding Contributions to Education:
1. Preserving culture of
Christians Monasteries
2. Opposing vices and
corruption
3. Taming warlike spirits
4. Giving dignity on labor
2. Scholasticism
The system of theology and philosophy taught in medieval
European universities, based on Aristotelian logic and
the writings of the early Church Fathers and having a strong
emphasis on tradition and dogma.
Scholasticism …
A method of learning more than a philosophy or a theology, since it
places a strong emphasis on dialectical reasoning to extend
knowledge by inference and to resolve contradictions.
Scholasticism…

Anselm – the Father of Scholasticism

Scholasticism …
Aims of Education
1. Intellectual discipline – by rational argument
2. Faith by Reason
Scholasticism …
The Birth of University
The word university is derived from the Latin universitas magistrorum
et scholarium, which roughly means "community of teachers and
scholars".
Scholasticism …
Scholasticism …
Scholasticism …
The Aristotelian Logic
Syllogism
1. A Major premise – All men are mortal
2. A Minor Premise – All Greeks are men
3. Conclusion – All Greeks are mortal
Scholasticism …
Outstanding Contribution to Education
1. Organization of the University
2. Emphasis on the Intellectual Training
2. Chivalry – The Age of Feudalism
Feudalism the general term to describe the political and
military system of Western Europe
• No central government
• Little security
• Fulfilled the basic need for justice and protection
• Has a system of land tenure on allegiance and service to
the nobleman or lord
Feudalism …
Feudalism …
 Chivalry …
Lord – Owned the land, called fief, let it out to a subordinate who are called vassal
Two careers for the son of noblemen
1. Clergy - are formal leaders
within established religions.
They pursued on education
that was religious and
academic in nature
2. Chivalry – an education
that was physical, social,
military in nature
Clergy
Chivalry
Chivalry …
Aims of Chivalric Education
1. Morality – to inculcate in the minds of the young nobles the
virtues of honor, bravery, courtesy
2. Responsibility – to get the young nobles to assume their
responsibilities, how to manage their own estates, and how to
deal with the lower class of people
3. Horsemanship – to train the young nobles in horseback
warfare, hunting and tournaments.
Chivalry …
Aims of Chivalric Education
4. Gallantry – to train the young nobles how to deal gallantry with the ladies
of the nobility and to protect the weak
5. Religiosity – to train the young nobles to be devoted to the service of God
6. Social Graces – to train the young girls in the social graces and manner
fit for the ladies
Chivalry …
Agencies of Chivalric Education
1. Home – for the young boys and girls
2. Court – for the girls
3. The Castle– for the boys
Chivalry …
Contents to be studied in Chivalric Education
Pupils:
• Religion, music, dancing, especially for girls
• Horse-riding for warfare, hunting, and tournaments
• Physical exercises
• Reading, writing, literature, social graces & etiquette
• Household duties such as sewing, weaving, cooking, and embroidery
Higher level:
• Jousting, Chess, swimming, falconing, boxing, writing and singing verse
 Chivalry …

two opponents on horseback, Falconry is the hunting of wild animals in their natural state and
typically knights, fight with lances. habitat by means of a trained bird of prey.
Chivalry …
Methods of Instruction
Practice The young noble observed, imitated, and practiced what was
to be learned. Training was individual
Apprenticeship The young noble was assigned to a Lord to learn all were to be
learned

These were done by means of high social ideals, social

Motivation
standards, and social approval

https://www.slideshare.net/DiwaniePerez/foundation-of-education-during-medieval-period
4. Guild System…
In the Middle Ages, towns were centers of trade
The Medieval Guild
The Guilds often
became very rich
and powerful
organizations in
towns and often
built some of the
most impressive
buildings.
4. Guild System…
Guild System….
Guild System….
Guild System….
Guild System….
Guild System….

Mason Dyer
Guild System….

Shearer Baker
a skilled worker who shears the wool off of
sheep or other animals
 Guild System….

Carpenter Potter
https://www.cabarrus.k12.nc.us/cms/lib/NC01910456/Centricity/Domain/2836/Medieval%20Guilds.pdf
Guild System…. Surnames (or last names) became
more common with the growth of
towns in the Middle Ages. In English
the names were often derived from
the trades or jobs.

• For example, if you were a

blacksmith and your name was John,
people would refer to you as John
Blacksmith

Smith
Guild System….
How Guilds help?
• Workers got better working conditions – Guilds were like a club who had
people to stand up for them and make sure they got the things they needed.

• Better quality goods for the public – They needed to make sure they had
a good reputation so people would keep buying from them and so they didn’t
embarrass or make a bad name for their group.

• Advancements in fair wages

• So, people got good products and workers were treated better
Guild System….
Guild System….
Guild System….
Guild System….

Christiania Burgher School – Oslo, Norway

Guild System….

Guild School – London

Guild System….
Guild System….
Guild System….
Purpose of a Guild
• Provided training for apprentices to learn to make the product.
• Provided day labor and wages for journeymen.
• Set standards for the quality of the goods produced.
• Provided for the families of guild members in case of illness or
death.
(This is like people having life insurance now. If your
husband died, you’d get money to help you pay rent and for
food. This was very helpful to them.)
• Encouraged religious living following Christian practices.
Craft Guilds Craft guild formed an important part of town life. They trained young people of goods sold,
and were major forces in community life

Apprentice Journeyman Master

• Parents paid for (Day worker) • Owned his own
training • Worked for a shop
•Lived with a master to earn a •Worked with
master and his salary other masters to
family • Worked 6 days a protect their trade
•Trained 2-7 week • Sometimes
years • Needed to produce served in civic
• Was not a masterpiece (his government
allowed to marry finest work) to
during training become a master
•When trained, •Had to be accepted
progressed to by the guild to
journey man become a master
Guild System….
Guild System….
Guild System….