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    Assignment 7

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    1. This document contains 11 problems related to solving first order differential equations. The problems cover topics like finding governing ODEs, using appropriate substitutions to solve equations, finding integrating factors, and applying Picard's method of approximation. 2. Problem 1 asks students to find governing ODEs for families of curves. Problem 2 involves using substitutions to solve differential equations. Problem 3 asks students to directly solve differential equations. 3. Later problems involve determining constants to make equations exact, finding integrating factors, solving an equation modeling circuit current, and analyzing uniqueness and existence of solutions. The final problems apply Picard's method of approximation to initial value problems.

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    Assignment 7

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    1. This document contains 11 problems related to solving first order differential equations. The problems cover topics like finding governing ODEs, using appropriate substitutions to solve equations, finding integrating factors, and applying Picard's method of approximation. 2. Problem 1 asks students to find governing ODEs for families of curves. Problem 2 involves using substitutions to solve differential equations. Problem 3 asks students to directly solve differential equations. 3. Later problems involve determining constants to make equations exact, finding integrating factors, solving an equation modeling circuit current, and analyzing uniqueness and existence of solutions. The final problems apply Picard's method of approximation to initial value problems.

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    1. This document contains 11 problems related to solving first order differential equations. The problems cover topics like finding governing ODEs, using appropriate substitutions to solve equations, finding integrating factors, and applying Picard's method of approximation. 2. Problem 1 asks students to find governing ODEs for families of curves. Problem 2 involves using substitutions to solve differential equations. Problem 3 asks students to directly solve differential equations. 3. Later problems involve determining constants to make equations exact, finding integrating factors, solving an equation modeling circuit current, and analyzing uniqueness and existence of solutions. The final problems apply Picard's method of approximation to initial value problems.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    56 views2 pages

    Assignment 7

    Uploaded by

    vpn user
    1. This document contains 11 problems related to solving first order differential equations. The problems cover topics like finding governing ODEs, using appropriate substitutions to solve equations, finding integrating factors, and applying Picard's method of approximation. 2. Problem 1 asks students to find governing ODEs for families of curves. Problem 2 involves using substitutions to solve differential equations. Problem 3 asks students to directly solve differential equations. 3. Later problems involve determining constants to make equations exact, finding integrating factors, solving an equation modeling circuit current, and analyzing uniqueness and existence of solutions. The final problems apply Picard's method of approximation to initial value problems.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 2

    Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur

    Department of Mathematics
    Mathematics-II (MAL-102)
    Assignment 7 on Differential Equation (First Order)

    1. Find the governing ODE for the following family of curves:


    (i) y = ex (A cos x + B sin x), (ii) xy = aex + be−x + x2 , (iii) all circles which pass through
    the origin and whose centers are on the x-axis.

    2. Use appropriate substitution to solve the following ODE:


    dy
    (i) x cos(y/x)(ydx + xdy) = y sin(y/x)(xdy − ydx), (ii) x = y {log y − log x + 1}.
    dx
    3. Solve the following differential equations:
    dy x+y+4 dy x+y−2
    (i) = (ii) = .
    dx x−y−6 dx y−x−4
    4. In each of the following determine the unknown constant A, such that the equation is exact and
    solve the resulting
    x
    equation:
    x
    dy
    (i) A(1 + e )dx + e y (1 − xy )dy = 0 (ii) (2xey + 3y 2 ) dx
    y + (3x2 + λey ) = 0.

    5. Find an integrating factor of the following differential equations and solve them.
    3 2
    (i) (xy sin xy+cos xy)ydx+(xy sin xy−cos xy)xdy = 0 (ii) (y+ y3 + x2 )dx+ 14 (x+xy 2 )dy = 0
    (iii) (2xy 4 ey +2xy 3 +y)dx+(x2 y 4 ey −x2 y 2 −3x)dy = 0 (iv) (2x2 y 2 +y)dx−(x3 y−3x)dy = 0
    2 )1/2
    dy
    (v) (1 + y 2 )dx = (tan−1 y − x)dy, (vi) dx + (1−xy2 )3/2 = x+(1−x
    (1−x2 )2
    .

    6. A constant electromotive force E volts is applied to a circuit containing a constant resistance


    R ohms in series and a constant inductance L henries. The current flow i(t) is governed by the
    di
    differential equation Ri + L dt = E. If the initial current is zero, find the current i(t) in the
    circuit at any time t.

    7. A moving body is opposed by a force per unit mass of value cx and resistance per unit mass of
    value bv 2 , where x and v are the displacement and velocity of the particle at that instant. The
    dv
    equation of motion of the body is v dx = −cx − bv 2 . Show that the velocity of the particle, if
    it starts from rest, is given by: v 2 = 2b2 (1 − e−2bx − cx
    c
    b
    ).

    8. Use appropriate substitution to convert the following ODE to linear ODE of first order and
    hence solve them:
    dy dy 2 2 +1
    (i) dx dz
    + x sin 2y = x3 cos2 y, (ii) dx + xz log z = xz2 (log z)2 , (iii) dx = x +y
    2xy
    .

    9. Find the orthogonal trajectories of the family of curves:


    (i) x2 + y 2 = 2ax, a being the parameter,
    2 2
    (ii) a2x+λ + b2y+λ = 1, where λ is a parameter,
    (iii) r = a(1 − cos θ), a being parameter, (iv) rn cos nθ = an , a being parameter.

    10. (i) Prove that the continuity of f (x, y) is not enough to guarantee the uniqueness of the solution
    dy
    p
    of the initial value problem: dx = f (x, y) = |y|, y(0) = 0.
    (ii) Give an example to show that the existence of partial derivatives of f (x, y) is not necessary
    for f (x, y) to be a Lipschitz function.
    (iii) If S is defined by the rectangle |x| ≤ a, |y| ≤ b, show that the function f (x, y) =
    x sin y + y cos x satisfy the Lipschitz condition. Find the Lipschitz constant.
    dy
    (iv) For the initial value problem dx = y 2 + cos2 x, y(0) = 0, determine the interval of
    existence of its solution given that R is the rectangle containing origin R = {(x, y) : 0 ≤ x ≤
    a, |y| ≤ b, a > 21 , b > 0}.
    (v) Test the uniqueness of the solution of the initial value problem:
    (x − 2y + 1)dy − (3x − 6y + 2)dx = 0, y(0) = 0 over the rectangle R : |x| ≤ 14 , |y| ≤ 14 .
    Also determine the interval for x over which the solution is guaranteed.

    11. (i) Using Picard’s approximation method find two iterates of the initial value problem:
    dy
    dx
    = y + y 2 , y(0) = 1. Compare this result with exact solution.
    (ii) Find the third approximation of the solution of the initial value problem:
    dy
    dx
    = 2 − xy , y(1) = 2 by Picard’s method.

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