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Introduction

Computer Graphics

Why Study Computer Graphics?

Course Overview

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What is Computer Graphics?

computer graphics

The use of computers to synthesize and manipulate visual

information.

Why Visual Information?

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We Humans like to visualize things

“A picture is worth a thousand words”

Discussion

Why are you interested in this course?

What do you want to learn about graphics & imaging?
• CV, deep learning,
connection to graphics • Synthesizing images
• CGI (computer • How optics relate to
generated imaginary) computer science
• visual learning • Rendering
• Creating VR experiences • Digital arts
• Light field camera - how • Games
to model?
• continue learning
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Why Study Computer Graphics and Imaging?

Movies

Jurassic Park (1993)

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Moments That Changed The Movies: Jurassic Park 9

Movies

The Matrix (1999) 10

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Movies

The Matrix (1999) 11

Games

Crysis 3 (2013)
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Games

“Adam” Realtime Rendering Demo (Unity 2016)

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Product Design and Visualization

Ikea - 75% of catalog is rendered imagery

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Product Design and Visualization

Tesla Model X concept (2012)

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Product Design and Visualization

Credit: EV obsession.com, James Ayre

Tesla Model X review

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Typography

The Q uick Brown

Fox Jumps Over
The Lazy Dog
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz 0123456789

credit: Randall Branding

Baskerville
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Illustration

Stephen Alvarez, National Geographic

Cave painting c. 36,000 B.C.

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Digital Illustration

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Computer-Aided Design

Sketchup

SolidWorks SketchUp

For mechanical, architectural, electronic, optical, …

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Architectural Design

Bilbao Guggenheim, Frank Gehry

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Architectural Design

Heydar Aliyev Center, Zaha Hadid Architects

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Visualization

Tableau

Science, engineering, medicine, journalism, …

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Visual Simulation

Driving simulator da Vinci surgical robot

Toyota Higashifuji Technical Center Intuitive Surgical

Flight simulator, driving simulator, surgical simulator, …

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Graphical User Interfaces

Desktop metaphor
• Input: Keyboard, mouse
• Ouput: Cathode-ray tube

Ivan Sutherland, Sketchpad Doug Engelbart

Light pen, vector display Mouse

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Graphical User Interfaces (GUI)

2D drawing and animation are ubiquitous in computing.

Typography, icons, images, transitions, transparency, …
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Graphical User Interfaces

2D drawing and animation are ubiquitous in computing.

Typography, icons, images, transitions, transparency, …
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Graphical User Interfaces

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YndL315tQq8

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Photography

NASA | Walter Iooss | Steve McCurry

Harold Edgerton | NASA | National Geographic
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Ubiquitous Imaging

Cameras everywhere
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Imaging in Mapping

Maps, satellite imagery, street-level imaging,…

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Imaging in Mapping

Maps, satellite imagery, street-level imaging,…

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Imaging for Computer Vision

ImageNet: 15M images, 22K categories

http://image-net.org 33

Imaging for Robotics

Google’s “Arm Farm”

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How Do Camera’s Work?

Glenn Derene, Popular Mechanics

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Digital and Computational Cameras

David Iliff

Trey

Panaromic stitching, HDR photos, light field cameras, …

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Virtual Reality

The Verge

HTC Vive headset and controllers

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Virtual Reality

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Augmented Reality

Microsoft Hololens augmented reality headset concept

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Foundations of Graphics and Imaging

These applications require sophisticated theory and systems
Science and Mathematics
• Physics of light, color, optics, …
• Math of curves, surfaces, geometry, perspective, …
Technology and Systems
• Input devices, GPUs, displays, …
• Cameras, lenses, sensors, … Art
Psychology
• Perception: color, stereo, motion, image quality, …
• Art and design: composition, form, lighting, ...
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Course Goals
Overview of core ideas in graphics and imaging

• Modeling the world, image synthesis

• 2D and 3D graphics: geometry, rendering, animation
• Image capture, manipulation and display

Acquire core concepts and skills

• Representations (geometry, images, transforms, …)
• Algorithms (sampling, subdivision, ray-tracing, …)
• Technology (GPUs, displays, cameras, …)
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Modeling Geometry

(Stanislav Orekhov) ocfish/blogspot

[Kaldor 2008] Platonic noid

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Modeling Lighting
WALL-E, (Pixar 2008)

Light Transport and Image Synthesis

Photograph vs. computer rendering

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Animation and Physical Simulation

Luxo Jr. (Pixar 1986)

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Handling Colors

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More and more ….

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Credit: Pixar, Up

Filtering and Sampling

No Jaggies
Jaggies can happen when a
display device lacks resolution,
or a bitmap is converted into
some other format.

Techniques like smoothing can

help to reduce jaggies.

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Drawing Digital Images (Rasterization)

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Prerequisites

Math
• Vectors, matrices, basic linear algebra
• Helpful: exposure to statistics, signal
processing, Fourier transform
Programming
• Data structures
• C and C++

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Books

1. Computer Graphics with OpenGL

2. Computer Graphics using OpenGL

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Other Books
• Fundamentals of Computer
Graphics by P. Shirley, S.
Marschner, et al.
• Computer Graphics: Principles
and Practice (3rd Edition)
by Hughes, van Dam, et al.
• Physically Based Rendering, Third
Edition: From Theory to
Implementation by Pharr, Jakob and
Humphreys
Other resources on class website

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End
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