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Lecture 9

1) The document discusses modeling a composite beam using finite element analysis. It describes building 3D and equivalent beam models of a composite beam made of multiple materials. 2) Objectives include conducting static, buckling, and modal analyses on the full 3D model and using those results to construct an equivalent beam model. The equivalent model will then undergo the same analyses for comparison. 3) Instructions are provided for building the 3D and equivalent beam models in Abaqus, including defining geometry, materials, loads, boundary conditions and meshes. Students will write a report analyzing the results of their composite beam model.

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76 views24 pages

Lecture 9

1) The document discusses modeling a composite beam using finite element analysis. It describes building 3D and equivalent beam models of a composite beam made of multiple materials. 2) Objectives include conducting static, buckling, and modal analyses on the full 3D model and using those results to construct an equivalent beam model. The equivalent model will then undergo the same analyses for comparison. 3) Instructions are provided for building the 3D and equivalent beam models in Abaqus, including defining geometry, materials, loads, boundary conditions and meshes. Students will write a report analyzing the results of their composite beam model.

Uploaded by

علي فادي عواد
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ENGG302/MECH452

Introduction to Finite
Element Analysis

Lecture 9

Dr Anas Batou
Assessment 4: modelling a composite beam
Composite beam

• The section is made up of multiple materials, example:


L

Material 1 Material 2
Reinforcements Matrix
Fixed
Composite beam

pressure p

• Can it be replaced by an equivalent beam model?

Equivalent force F
Objectives
1) Study the mechanical behaviour of the full 3D model:
- Static analysis.
- Buckling analysis
- Modal analysis

2) Construct an equivalent beam model:


Calculate the beam properties using the results of the static analysis.

3) Study the mechanical behaviour of the equivalent beam model:


- Static analysis.
- Buckling analysis
- Modal analysis
- Comparison with the results obtained with the 3D model
To do:
1) Study the mechanical behaviour of the full 3D model:

a) Choose the parameter for the matrix: geometry, material properties.


Slender beam (beam length> 10* largest section length)

b) Choose the parameters for the reinforcements:


- Quantity and positions.
- Geometry, material properties.

c) Construct the FE model on Abaqus and conduct a static analysis


(with a transverse load)

d) Run a buckling analysis (with now a longitudinal load)


e) Run a modal analysis.
To do:
1) Study the mechanical behaviour of the full 3D model:
To prescribe the pressure on the beam, use “surface traction” for both
the static analysis and the buckling analysis
To do:
2) Construct an equivalent 2D beam model:

It can be shown that:

You then have to calculate Ieq using a static analysis:

The deflection at the left end of the beam is

Calculating this deflection with the 3D model allows to determine Ieq.


To do:
2) Construct an equivalent beam model:
You can directly prescribe Seq and Ieq for a 2D beam model:

.
To do:
2) Construct an equivalent beam model:
Alternatively you can replace the complex section by an equivalent simple
beam section:

.
To do:
2) Construct an equivalent beam model:
Alternatively, you can replace the complex section by an equivalent simple
beam section:

.
To do:
2) Construct an equivalent beam model:
Alternatively, you can replace the complex section by an equivalent simple
beam section:

Be careful: it may happen that you find a negative value for b1 (or r1). It then
means that you can’t use an equivalent beam section for your case.
Solutions:
- Reduce the stiffness of the reinforcements.
- Use the other method.
To do:
3) Study the mechanical behaviour of the equivalent beam model:

a) Construct the FE model on Abaqus and conduct a static analysis


(with a transverse load)

b) Run a buckling analysis (with now a longitudinal load)

c) Run a modal analysis.

d) Compare with the results obtained with the 3D model in terms of:
- Accuracy
- Computational cost
Remark: when comparing the results, check the mode correspondence
(there are more modes for the 3D full model than for the simple 2D
model)
To do (master students only):
4) What happens if the beam is less slender?

a) Reduce the length of the beam and re-conduct the analysis

b) Interpret the results.


Assessment 4

• You have to write a report. Deadline: 13th of January.

• The choice of the composite beam is up to you:


- Choose realistic data.
- 1 student = 1 model (cases of plagiarism will be reported)
- The originality will be assessed.
- Be careful to the limitations of the student version of Abaqus if
you use it.

• The results have to be presented in a way that is compact, but


sufficiently detailed for someone who would like to replicate the
results.
Report Style

• Informative but brief.

• As a general rule, try not include unnecessary information.

• Do not detail which buttons were pressed and in what order etc;
this is not a tutorial.

• But you do want to provide enough detail for another Abaqus


user to replicate your results.
Report Style
Recommended layout:

• Introduction
• Model Development
• Geometry
• Element Selection & Material Properties
• Loading and Boundary Conditions
• Mesh Development
• Results
• Future Work
• References
Report Style
Recommended layout:
• Introduction
• Model Development
• Geometry
• Element Selection & Material Properties
• Loading and Boundary Conditions
• Mesh Development
• Results
• Future Work
• References

Length of the report:


- 10 pages max (excluding appendices) for Beng students.
- 12 pages max (excluding appendices) for Master students.
Report Style
Introduction

• Description of the problem scope.


• Description the approach that was used.
• Key results.
• 1 sentence describing future work (i.e., what you would do next
if you had more time).
Report Style
Model Development (Geometry)

• Explain your choices for the 3D model.

• Describe, with the help of figures, how the geometry of the


beam was constructed.

• Make sure that the figures clearly illustrate the dimensions of


the sketches that were used to create each part.

• What other assumptions were made for the equivalent beam


model? Can they be justified?

• Clearly describe and plot any mesh convergence studies that


were undertaken.
Report Style
Results

• Summarise the main findings from the simulation.

• All the result figures should be introduced, commented and


interpreted.

• Use this section to explore additional model validation:


• Are the results what you would expect?
• Do they justify some of the assumptions that were made during
model development?
Report Style
Future Work

• No model is every perfect.

• It’s important to state what, if you had more time and/or


resources, you would do next.

• What parts of the model development process would you


refine?

• What parts of the model development process would you leave


the same?
Report Style
And the usual stuff…

• Make sure the figures are readable and referenced correctly.

• Units!

• Make sure you refer to other literature in the correct style.

• Check your writing.


Good luck!

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