1.Discuss and discribe each philosopher and own various perspective about the self.

Answer: Prior the Socrates, the Greek thinkers, sometimes collectively called the Pre-socratics
to donate that some of them preceded Socrates while others existed around Socrates's time as
well, preoccupied themselves with the question of the primary substratum, arché that explains
the multiplicity of things in the world.

1.) For SOCRATES, every man is composed of body and soul. This means that every human
person is dualistic, that is, he is composed of two important aspects of his personhood. For
Socrates, this means all individuals have an imperfect, impermanent aspect to him, and the
body, while maintaining that there is also a soul that is perfect and permanent.

2.) PLATO, Socrates's student, basically took off from his master and supported the idea that
man is a dual nature of body and soul. In addition to what Socrates earlier espoused, Plato
added that there are three components of the soul: the rational soul, the spirited soul, and the
appetitive soul. In his Magnum opus, "The Republic" (Plato 2000), Plato emphasizes that justice
in the human person can only be attained if the three parts of the soul are working
harmoniously with one another. The rational soul forged by reason and intellect has to govern
the affairs of the human person, the spirited part which is in charge of emotions should be kept
at bay, and the appetitive soul in charge of base desires like eating, drinking, sleeping, and
having sex are controlled as well. When this ideal state is attained, then the human person's
soul becomes just and virtuous.

3.) Augustine's view of the human person reflects the entire spirit of the medieval world when
it comes to man. Following the ancient view of Plato and infusing it with the newfound doctrine
of Christianity, Augustine agreed that man is of a bifurcated nature. An aspect of man dwells in
the world and is imperfect and continuously yearns to be with the divine and the other is
capable of reaching immortality. The body is bound to die on earth and the soul is to anticipate
living eternally in a realm of the spiritual bliss in communion with god. This is because the body
can only thrive in the imperfect, physical reality that is the world, whereas the soul can also stay
after death in an eternal realm with the all-transcendent God. The goal of every human person
is to attain this communion and bliss with the divine by living his life on earth in virtue.

4.) THOMAS AQUINAS, the most eminent thirteenth century scholar and stalwart of the
medieval philosophy, appended something to this Christian view. Adapting some ideas from
Aristotle, Aquinas said that indeed, man is composed of two parts: matter and form. Matter, or
hyle in Greek, refers to the" common stuff that makes up everything in the universe". Man's
body is part of his matter. Form on the other hand, or morphe in Greek refers to the " essence
of a suntance or thing." It is what makes it what it is. In the case of the human person, the body
of the human person is something that he shares even with animals. The cells in man's body are
more or less akin to the cells of any other living, organic being in the world. However, what
makes human person a human person and not a dog, or a tiger is his soul, his essence. To
Aquinas, just as in Aristotle, the soul is what animates the body; it is what makes us humans.

5.) RENE DESCARTES, Father of modern Philosophy, conceived of the human person as having
a body and a mind. In his famous treatise, the meditations of First Philosophy, he claims that
there is so much that we should doudt. In fact, he says that since much of what we think and
believe are not infallibl, they may turn out to be false. One should only believe that since which
can pass the test of doubt (Descartes 2008). If something is so clear and lucid as not to be even
doubted, then that is the only time when one one should actually buy a propositio. In the end,
Descartes thought that the only thing that one cannot doubt is the existence of the self, for
even if one doudts onesel, that only proves that there is a doubting self, a thing that thinks and
therefore, that cannot be doubted. Thus, his famous, cogito ergo sum," I think therefore, I am."
The fact that one thinks should lead one to conclude without a trace of doubt that he exists.
The self then for Descartes is also a combination of two distinct entities, the cogito, the thing
that thinks, which is the mind, and the extnenza or extension of the mind, which is the body. In
Descartes's view, the body is nothing else but a machine that is attached to the mind. The
human person has it but it is not what makes man a man. If at all, that is the mind. Descartes
says, "But what then, am I? A thinking thing. It has been said. But what is a thinking thing? It is a
thing that doubts, understand (conceives), affirms, denies, wills, refuses; that imagine also, and
perceives" (Descartes 2008).

6.) DAVID HUME, a Scottish philosopher, has a very unique way of looking at man. As an
empiricist who believes that one can know only what comes from the senses and experiences,
Hume argues that the self is nothing like what his predecessors though of it. The self is not an
entity over and beyond the physical body. One can rightly see here the empiricism that runs
through his veins. Empiricism is the school of thought that espouses the idea that knowledge
can only be possible if it is sensed and experienced. Men can only attain knowledge by
experiencing. For example, jack knows that Jill is another human person not because he has
seen her soul. He knows she is just like him because he sees her, hears her, and touches her.

To David Hume, the self is nothing else but a bundle of impression. What are impressions? For
David Hume, if one tries to examine his experience, he finds that they can all be categorized
into two: impression and ideas. Impression are the basic objects of our experience or sensation.
They therefore form the core of our thoughts. When one touches an ice cube, the cold
sensation is an impression. Impressions therefore are vivid because they are products ot our
direct experience with the world. Ideas on the other hand, are copies of impression. Because of
this, they are not as lively and vivid as our impression. When one imagines the feeling of being
in love for the first time, that still is an idea.

7.) IMMANUEL KANT, Thinking of the"self" as a mere combination of impression was

problematic for Immanuel Kant. Kant recognizes the veracity of hume's account that everything
starts with perception and sensation of impression. However, Kant thinks that the thing that
men perceive around them are not just randomly infused into the human person without an
organizing principle that regulates the relationship of all these impression. To Kant, there is
necessarily a mind that organizes the impressions that men get from the external world. Time
and space, for example, are ideas that one cannot find in the world, but is built in our minds.
Kant calls these the apparatus of the mind.

Along with the different apparatuses of the mind goes the "self". Without the self, one cannot
organize the different impressions that one gets in relation to his own existence. Kant therefore
suggests that it is an actively engaged intelligence in man that synthesizes all knowledge and
experience. This, the self is not just what gives one his personality. In addition, it is also the seat
of knowledge acquisition for all human persons.

8.) GILBERT RYLE, solves the mind-body dichotomy that has been running for a long time in the
history of thought by blatantly denying the concept of an internal, non-physical self, For RYLE,
what truly matters is the behavior that a person manifests in his day-to-day life.

For Ryle, looking for and trying to understand a self as it really exists is like visiting your friend's
university and looking for the "university". One can roam around the campus, visit the Library
and the football field, and meet the administrators and faculty and still end up not finding the "
university". This is because the campus, the people, the system, and the territory all form the
university. Ryle suggests that the "self" is not an entity one can locate and analyze but simply
the convenient name that people use to refer to all the behavior that people make.

9.) MERLEAU-PONTY, is a phenomenologist who asserts that the mind-body bifurcation that
has been going on for a long time is a futile endeavor and an invalid problem. Unlike Ryle who
simply denies the "self", Merleau-Ponty instead says that the mind and body are so intertwined
that they cannot be separated from one another. One cannot find any experience that is not an
embodied experience. All experience is embodied. One's body is his opening toward his
existence to the world. Because of these bodies, men are in the world. Merleau-Ponty dismisses
the Cartesian dualism that has spelled so much devastation in the history of man. For him, the
Cartesian problem is nothing else but plain misunderstanding. The living body, his thoughts,
emotions, and experiences are all one.

2.) Discuss the developmental aspect of the reproductive system?

Answer: The development of the reproductive system includes the gonads, the genital ducts,
the external genitalia, and the descent of the gonads. First, the gonads develop through an
indifferent stage before differentiating into the testes and the ovaries.

The development of the reproductive system is the part of embryonic growth that results in the
sex organs and contributes to sexual differentiation. Due to its large overlap with development
of the urinary system, the two systems are typically described together as the urogenital or
genitourinary system.

The tissues, glands, and organs involved in producing offspring (children). In women, the
reproductive system includes the ovaries, the fallopian tubes, the uterus, the cervix, and the
vagina. In men, it includes the prostate, the testes, and the penis.

3.) Explain the sexual behavior and discuss also each type of behavior and it's human
responses?

Answer: Sexual behavior refers to the manner in which humans experience and express their
sexuality. People engage in a variety of sexual acts from time to time, and for a wide variety of
reasons.

There is a diverse array of activities that can be classified as sexual behavior: masturbation,
oral-genital stimulation (oral sex), penile-vaginal intercourse (vaginal sex), and anal stimulation
or anal intercourse.

Normative Sexual Behaviors are behaviors that involve parts of the body considered to be
“private” or “sexual” (e.g., genitals, breasts, buttocks, etc.). These behaviors may be referred to
as “sex play,” and are normally part of growing up for many children and adolescents.

4.) Explain some religious beliefs and practices?

Answer: Religious beliefs include practices/rituals such as prayer or meditation and

engagement with religious community members. While spiritual and religious beliefs have
significant overlap, the authors chose to examine both of these concepts because they are
frequently brought into the forefront when coping with illness.
Religions usually have rituals, or special patterns of actions, that followers perform. They often
have prayers that followers say and holidays on certain days of the year. Many religions have
written works that are considered holy, such as the Bible or the Koran.

Studying religion increases cultural awareness.

Being able to understand key concepts in the major religions of the world develops you as a
more broadly educated citizen, whatever your career path.

5.) Identify and discuss different various and traits?

Answer: The most widely used system of traits is called the Five-Factor Model. This system
includes five broad traits that can be remembered with the acronym OCEAN: Openness,
Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism.

There are three criteria that are characterize personality traits: (1) consistency, (2) stability, and
(3) individual differences. To have a personality trait, individuals must be somewhat consistent
across situations in their behaviors related to the trait.

A person's skin color, hair color, dimples, freckles, and blood type are all examples of genetic
variations that can occur in a human population. Examples of genetic variation in plants include
the modified leaves of carnivorous plants and the development of flowers that resemble insects
to lure plant pollinators.

6.) Describe the influence of internet on sexuality and gender?

Answer: These studies found gender and Internet use to be predictive of sexual attitude and
behaviour orientation of young adults; In addition, findings from previous studies show that
frequency of Internet use was significantly associated with practice of content of sexually
explicit sites.

Studies show people consuming sexual content on the internet turn towards unhealthy sexual
habits (like casual sex and having multiple sexual partners). Sex Addiction - Overconsumption of
pornographic content can develop sexual disorders like sexual intimacy disorder or sex
addiction.
7.) Identify and explain metacognitive technique that you can find most appropriate for your
self?

Answer: Metacognition is the process of thinking about one's own thinking and learning.
Metacognition: intentitional thinking about how you think and learn.

Some examples of metacognitive activities include: planning how to perform a learning task,
applying appropriate strategies and skills to solve a problem, self-assessment and self-
correction as a result of evaluating one's own progress toward completing a task.

Another way to define metacognitive skills is your self-awareness regarding the information you
do and don't know and how you work to recall or retain knowledge regarding a particular
subject. Metacognitive skills typically start developing during childhood and allow individuals to
learn different school subjects.

8.) What are the effects of stress to oneself?

Answer: If you're constantly under stress, you can have physical symptoms, such as headaches,
an upset stomach, high blood pressure, chest pain, and problems with sex and sleep. Stress can
also lead to emotional problems, depression, panic attacks, or other forms of anxiety and
worry.

Frequent colds or flu, headaches, trouble sleeping or sleeping too much, muscle tension, skin
problems, trouble with digestion. Mental. Poor concentration, forgetfulness, learning problems,
frequent negative thoughts, speech problems. Emotional.