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CE144 OOPC Unit-02

This document is an introduction to C++ programming presented by Nishat Shaikh. It covers topics such as what C++ is, how it is an extension of C with classes, a simple C++ hello world program, applications of C++, and the structure of a C++ program. C++ allows for object-oriented programming by adding classes, inheritance, and polymorphism to C. A C++ program typically includes header files, namespaces, comments around code, and a main function that returns 0.

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Priyanshu Purohit
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35 views12 pages

CE144 OOPC Unit-02

This document is an introduction to C++ programming presented by Nishat Shaikh. It covers topics such as what C++ is, how it is an extension of C with classes, a simple C++ hello world program, applications of C++, and the structure of a C++ program. C++ allows for object-oriented programming by adding classes, inheritance, and polymorphism to C. A C++ program typically includes header files, namespaces, comments around code, and a main function that returns 0.

Uploaded by

Priyanshu Purohit
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CE144

OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING


WITH C++

UNIT-2
Introduction of C++

N. A. Shaikh
[email protected]
Topics to be covered
 What is C++
 Simple C++ Program
 Applications of C++
 Introduction to class, object
 Creating simple program using class
 Structure of C++ program

Unit 2: Introduction of C++ Prepared By: Nishat Shaikh


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What is C++
 C++ is an object-oriented programming language.

 C++ is an extension of C with a major addition of the


class construct feature.

 That’s why initially this language was known as 'C with


classes‘, later the name was changed to C++.

 The idea of C++ comes from the C increment operator


++, thereby suggesting that C++ is an augmented
(incremented) version of C.

Unit 2: Introduction of C++ Prepared By: Nishat Shaikh


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What is C++
 The most important facilities that C++ adds on to C are
classes, inheritance, function overloading, and operator
overloading.
 Those features enable creating of abstract data types,
inherit properties from existing data types and support
polymorphism, thereby making C++ a truly object-
oriented language.
 The addition of new features has transformed C from a
language that currently facilitates top-down, structured
design, to one that provides bottom-up, object-oriented
design.

Unit 2: Introduction of C++ Prepared By: Nishat Shaikh


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Simple C++ Program

Unit 2: Introduction of C++ Prepared By: Nishat Shaikh


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Simple C++ Program
 The iostream File
• It contains declarations for the identifier cout and the
operator <<
• Some old versions of C++ use a header file called
iostream.h
 Namespace
• using and namespace are the new keywords of c++
• This defines a scope for the identifiers that are used
in a program
 Comments
• // Single line comment
• /*….*/ Multiline comment

Unit 2: Introduction of C++ Prepared By: Nishat Shaikh


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Simple C++ Program
 main()
• Execution begins at main()
• Every program must have a main()
• In C++, main() returns an integer type value to OS
• Therefore, main() should end with a return 0
• Default type of main() is int

NOTE:
 The multiple use of << in one statement is called
cascading
 cin can read only one word and therefore we cannot use
names with blank spaces.

Unit 2: Introduction of C++ Prepared By: Nishat Shaikh


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Simple C++ Program
Output using insertion operator Input using extraction operator

Unit 2: Introduction of C++ Prepared By: Nishat Shaikh


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Applications of C++
 Since C++ allows us to create hierarchy-related objects,
we can build special object oriented libraries which can
be used later by many programmers.
 While C++ is able to map the real-world problem
properly, the C part of C++ gives the language the ability
to get close to the machine-level details.
 C++ programs are easily maintainable and expandable.
When a new feature needs to be implemented, it is very
easy to add to the existing structure of an object.
 It is expected that C++ will replace C as a general-
purpose language in the near future.

Unit 2: Introduction of C++ Prepared By: Nishat Shaikh


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An Example with class
 Major feature of C++ which binds data and function
 Like structure, classes are user defined data types

Unit 2: Introduction of C++ Prepared By: Nishat Shaikh


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Structure of C++ program

Structure of C++ program The client-server model

Unit 2: Introduction of C++ Prepared By: Nishat Shaikh


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End of Unit-2

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