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    MSE3207 Lec01

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    Kasu Ni
    The document discusses heat conduction and Fourier's Law of heat conduction. It introduces the heat conduction equation, which relates the temperature gradient (∂T/∂x) to the heat flux (q) through thermal conductivity (k) and thermal diffusivity (α). It further derives the heat conduction PDE, showing temperature over time (∂T/∂t) equals thermal diffusivity times the laplacian of temperature (α∂^2T/∂x^2). Thermal diffusivity is defined in terms of thermal conductivity, heat capacity, and density.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    MSE3207 Lec01

    Uploaded by

    Kasu Ni
    26 views4 pages
    The document discusses heat conduction and Fourier's Law of heat conduction. It introduces the heat conduction equation, which relates the temperature gradient (∂T/∂x) to the heat flux (q) through thermal conductivity (k) and thermal diffusivity (α). It further derives the heat conduction PDE, showing temperature over time (∂T/∂t) equals thermal diffusivity times the laplacian of temperature (α∂^2T/∂x^2). Thermal diffusivity is defined in terms of thermal conductivity, heat capacity, and density.

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    MSE3207_Lec01

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    The document discusses heat conduction and Fourier's Law of heat conduction. It introduces the heat conduction equation, which relates the temperature gradient (∂T/∂x) to the heat flux (q) through thermal conductivity (k) and thermal diffusivity (α). It further derives the heat conduction PDE, showing temperature over time (∂T/∂t) equals thermal diffusivity times the laplacian of temperature (α∂^2T/∂x^2). Thermal diffusivity is defined in terms of thermal conductivity, heat capacity, and density.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    26 views4 pages

    MSE3207 Lec01

    Uploaded by

    Kasu Ni
    The document discusses heat conduction and Fourier's Law of heat conduction. It introduces the heat conduction equation, which relates the temperature gradient (∂T/∂x) to the heat flux (q) through thermal conductivity (k) and thermal diffusivity (α). It further derives the heat conduction PDE, showing temperature over time (∂T/∂t) equals thermal diffusivity times the laplacian of temperature (α∂^2T/∂x^2). Thermal diffusivity is defined in terms of thermal conductivity, heat capacity, and density.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    MSE 3207 MATERIALS PROCESSING

    2 LECTURE 1

    q̄ → heat flux mJ2 s = m


    W
    : J

    −k → thermal conductivity m:WK J


    : J
    Fourier’s Law: q̄ = −kVT ,
    VT → temperature gradient K m

    Compare:
    Fourier’s Law Fick’s 1st Law
    q̄ = −kVT J¯ = −DVc
    Why does heat behave this way?
    Energy minimization ⇒ Entropy maximization

    Heat Conduction Equation:

    First think in 1-D

    Heat balance in a small element:

    ut inn − heat
    hheat h utoutn h(+ heat generation)
    ut
    = heat accumulation
    n h ut n
    A · qin A · qout chemical reaction, resistance
    ∂H
    V · ∂T

    ∂H
    A qin − A qout = V
    ∂T
    3.044 MATERIALS PROCESSING 3

    ∂H
    qin − qout = Δx
    ∂T
    ∂H
    q|x − q|x+Δx = Δx
    ∂T
    ∂T ∂T ∂H
    −k |x − |x+Δx = Δx
    ∂x ∂x ∂T
    ∂H k ∂T ∂T
    = ( |x+Δx − |x )
    ∂T Δx ∂x ∂x
    k ∂T
    = Δ( )
    Δx ∂x
    ∂( ∂T )
    = k ∂x
    ∂x
    ∂H ∂2T
    =k 2
    ∂T ∂x

    How does H relate to T?

    where cp is heat capacity


    ΔH = ΔT cp ρ
    and ρ is density
    ∂H ∂T
    = ρ cp
    ∂t ∂t
    ∂ 2T ∂T
    k 2 = ρ cp
    ∂x ∂t
    k ∂2T ∂T
    =
    ρ cp ∂x2 ∂t
    ∂ 2T ∂T
    α 2 =
    ∂x ∂t
    ∂T ∂2T
    =α 2
    ∂t ∂x

    α is the Thermal Diffusivity


    : W J
    k mK
    α=
    m3
    : kg K J
    ρ J
    cp kg
    2
    k m
    α=
    ρ cp s
    4 LECTURE 1

    The values of k, cp and ρ for any material can be looked up in tables and do not
    need to be experimentally determined. Therefore α is a materials property.

    Compare:
    Heat Conduction Equation Fick’s 2nd Law
    ∂T ∂2T ∂c ∂2c
    = hutn
    α = hutn
    D
    ∂t ∂x2 ∂t ∂x2
    ↓ h 2i ↓ h i
    2
    thermal diffusivity ms diffusivity ms

    Topic for Future Discussion:


    In 3-D ...
    ∂T
    ρ cp = V · kVT
    ∂t
    ∂T
    = αV2 T
    ∂t

    ** assuming k is constant with respect to the derivative

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