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Research 2 Activity Sheet

Quarter 2 – MELC 4
Week 4
Scientific Writing

REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS

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Research 2
Activity Sheet No. 4- Scientific Writing
First Edition, 2020

Published in the Philippines

By the Department of Education
Region 6 – Western Visayas

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This Learning Activity Sheet is developed by DepEd Region 6 – Western
Visayas.

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this learning resource may be

reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical
without written permission from the DepEd Regional Office 6 – Western Visayas.

Development Team of Research 2 Activity Sheet

Writer: Rosebem M. Gargarita

Editor: Imelda R. Mamac
Illustrator: Architect Michael Dalipe
Layout Artist: Jessie P. Batosin

Schools Division of San Carlos City Management Team:

Anthony H. Liobet
Julito L. Felicano
Antonio G. Uy
Jessie P. Batosin
Rosadille B. Vierneza
Michael S. Dalipe
Regional Management Team:
Ma. Gemma M. Ledesma
Dr. Josilyn S. Solana
Dr. Elena P. Gonzaga
Donald T. Genine
Rovel R. Salcedo
Moonyeen C. Rivera
Anita S. Gubalane
Minda L. Soldevilla
Daisy L. Lopez,
Joseph M. Pagalaran

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Introductory Message
Welcome to Research 2!

The Learning Activity Sheet is a product of the collaborative efforts of

the Schools Division of San Carlos City and DepEd Regional Office VI -
Western Visayas through the Curriculum and Learning Management Division
(CLMD). This is developed to guide the learning facilitators (teachers, parents,
and responsible adults) in helping the learners meet the standards set by the
K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum.

The Learning Activity Sheet is self-directed instructional materials

aimed to guide the learners in accomplishing activities at their own pace and
time using the contextualized resources in the community. This will also
assist the learners in acquiring lifelong learning skills, knowledge, and
attitudes for productivity and employment.

For learning facilitator:

The Research 2 Activity Sheet will help you facilitate the leaching-
learning activities specified in each Most Essential Learning Competency
(MELC) with minimal or no face-to-face encounter between you and the
learner. This will be made available to the learners with the references/links
to ease independent learning.

For the learner:

The Research 2 Activity Sheet is developed to help you continue

learning even if you are not in school. This learning material provides you
with meaningful and engaging activities for independent learning. Being an
active learner, carefully read and understand the instructions then perform
the activities and answer the assessments. This will be returned to your
facilitator on the agreed schedule.

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Name of Learner: ________________________________________________________
Grade and Section: ____________________ Date: ___________________________

Research 2 ACTIVITY SHEET No. 4

Use proper scientific writing such as paraphrasing,
quoting, and summarizing.

I. Learning Competency with Code

o Use proper scientific writing such as paraphrasing, quoting, and
summarizing.

II. Background Information for Learners

There are three ways of incorporating other writers’ work into your writing. These
differ in the proximity of your writing to the original writing. These are paraphrasing,
quoting, and summarizing.

Paraphrasing is placing a passage from the source to your writing using your
own words. A paraphrase must be an attribute to that of the source. Materials that
are paraphrased are shorter than the original passage, somewhat taking a broader
portion of the source and slightly reducing it.

Quotations should be identical to the source by using various segments of this

writing. Quoted statements should match the source word for word and should be
an attribute to that of the original author.

Summarizing is placing the main idea(s) in your own words by just including
the main points. This should also attribute the ideas from the source. Usually,
summaries are quite shorter than that of the original and give a broad overview of
the source.

Purpose of using paraphrases, quotations, and summaries

The paraphrases, quotations, and summaries are used for the following
purposes, such as:

o the offer claims support and ensures credible writing.

o correlate the others’ works to your current work status.
o present examples of some viewpoints on a subject.
o stand a position on the points you wish to agree or disagree with.
o highlight essentially striking phrase, sentence, or passage by quoting the
source.
o quote your work to make the distinction(s) from the original that would signal
readers that they are not your own words.
o expand the coverage and deepen your writing.

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Steps in Paraphrasing, Quoting, and Summarizing

These steps might help you as you practice paraphrasing, quoting, and
summarizing articles or any source material that you will use in your research paper.

1. Note for key points and main ideas as you read the whole text.
2. Use your own words to summarize the main idea of the text.
3. Essential supporting ideas in the text must be paraphrased.
4. Take note of brief passages, phrases, and words that you think should be quoted
directly.

Lester (1976) warns that when quoting it must not exceed 10% in your written
work. While students writing their research reports oftentimes quote extremely
following the scheme of copy-cut-and-paste note-taking, strive to lessen utilizing
sources word for word (pp. 46-47). When taking down notes, students oftentimes
overdo quoting which might lead to overuse them in research reports. Your final
paper is allowed to use a 10% direct quotation. Thus, you must attempt to lessen
copying word for word with that of source materials when doing note-taking (pp.
46-47).

Sample Text for Paraphrasing, Quoting, and Summarizing

Innovation of New Bionic Headgear for the Blind Using Infrared Sensors
Medina, S. B., Damandaman, M. A. P., Pardillo, J.I. B.
Regional Entry, Robotics- Biomechanics (Group Category), 2018-2019

Over the past years, the number of visually impaired patients has been
rapidly growing along with the world population. This disability has become
widespread over the world, affecting individuals of any age, gender, or race.
During the progression of mankind and technology, the use of proximity
sensors has broadened, from automated door locks to motion detectors in
automobiles. The sensor's functionality and conventionality have increased
rapidly. Then the idea of applying sensors to human physiology, specifically to
fill in body and eye coordination is integrated into this study. The main goal of
this novel, visual, and infrared sensor data-based system, is to help the visually
impaired patients in their daily routine. (R. Jafri, R. Campos, S. Ali, 2017).

The objectives of this invention are accomplished by including an infrared

radiation source for emitting regular pulses of infrared radiation at a
predetermined frequency and pulse width. When an object enters the proximity
range, the infrared radiation pulses are reflected back, and responsively
produces an output signal (D. Drage; L. Harkness, 1980). In addition, the
device has the capability to assist visually impaired patients in detecting
incoming obstacles by using such sensors, signal emitting sensors to be
specific to inform the user.

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 “Most of the proximity sensors up to date is composed of an infrared light
emitter basically connected to or driven by a light emitter driving circuit, a light
detector connected to and driven by a detecting circuit, a component that
covers the least parts of the emitter, and another component that covers the
least parts of the receiver” as stated by P. Patel, A. Ghai, S. Cate, (2011). The
developed sensor is composed of the following steps: 1.) Consisting of change
detection 2.) Tracking moving objects and 3.) Knowing the particular habitat.
These steps help the visually impaired person to lessen their burden in
detecting incoming obstacles with the help of this device, all according to Y.
Benezeth, H. Laurent, B. Emile, C. Rosenberger, (2011). The response rate of
infrared (IR) sensors is dependent on the reflected amount of infrared light and
the reflective properties of the object. G. Binet et al. (2002). The essence of
Infrared (IR), is presently the most suitable accurate means of measuring the
distance that depends on the surface. Such an amount of Infrared light
emission is needed when it comes to interpreting sensor output as a distance
measure when it scatters, reflects, and absorbs. The infrared emitter and
infrared receiver are mounted in the product in a single compact package. (P.M.
Novotny, N..J. Ferrie, 1999). In this study, the compatibility of the device, the
bionic headgear, to the respondents in terms of safety, functionality, and
comfortability are to be determined by the researchers.

Example Summary, Paraphrase, and Quotation from the study “Innovation of New
Bionic Headgear for the Blind Using Infrared Sensors”

Sample Paraphrase of the Text

Medina, et. al in their study on the use of biogenic headgears insisted on the
idea of using infrared sensors to aid patients that are visually impaired (par. 1).

Sample Quotation
According to Medina et. al, the objectivity of biogenic headgears using infrared
radiation sources is that the device has the capability to assist visually impaired
patients in detecting incoming obstacles by using such sensors, the signal emitting
sensors to be specific to inform the user” (par. 2).

Sample Summary

Medina et. al in their study introduced how an innovative biogenic headgear

using infrared sensors can aid visually impaired patients, a disability that is widely
affecting individuals without any exception. They discussed the objectivity of using
infrared sensors in emitting radiation pulses to inform the user of any incoming
obstacles. Furthermore, they enumerated the steps of the developed sensor as to how
these would aid a visually impaired person can easily detect possible obstacles. The
researchers, on the other hand, are positive of how compatible this device would be as
to its comfort, function, and safety when used by their chosen respondents.

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III. Activity Proper
Activity 1: Make Me be Legally Yours!
Directions: Paraphrase, summarize, and quote collected information from written
materials

Directions:
Refer to the given sample study “Innovation of New Bionic Headgear for the Blind
Using Infrared Sensors” and make your example of paraphrased text, quotation
and summary and complete the table below.

Original Passage:

Parapharased Text:

Original Passage:

Quotation:

Original Passage:

Summary:

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Scoring Rubric
Take note of the criteria presented in the rubric for you to be guided on how you will
be scored.
Criteria 4 3 2 1
All statements are Most Some Most
relevant and statements are statements are statements are
verified from the relevant and not relevant not relevant
Content chosen material. verified from and verified and verified
the chosen from the from the
material. chosen chosen
material. material.
The summary The summary The summary The summary
consists of the consists of the consists of consists of a bit
Focus major idea and major idea and supporting of supporting
supporting some of the details. details.
details only. supporting
details.
The written The written The written The written
version version version version
undergoes undergoes undergoes undergoes poor
Conventions superior editing careful editing editing and editing in
and rarely and commits a commits major spelling and
commits errors in few errors in errors in grammatical
spelling, spelling, spelling, structure that
mechanics, and mechanics, mechanics, made it
grammar. and grammar. and grammar. difficult to
read.
Paraphrasing 100% of the 86% - 95 % of 75% - 85% of Below 75% of
contents were not the contents the contents the contents
taken directly were not taken were not taken were not taken
from the text. directly from directly from directly from
the text. the text. the text.
Style All the contents The majority of Some of the Most of the
are written in the contents contents are contents are
formal language are written in written in written in
and uses their formal formal informal
own words. language and language and language and
uses their own some parts of most parts of
words. the written the written
version use version are
their own plagiarized.
words.

Guide Questions
1. How would you differentiate paraphrasing, quoting, and summarizing in terms of
how they are written and the produced version after each writing process is
done? (Use Table 1 to fill out your answers).

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 Table 1. The difference between Paraphrasing Quoting, and Summarizing
Describe the content
Process of doing it of the produced
version
a. Paraphrasing

b. Quoting

c. Summarizing

2. Why do you think there is a need to paraphrase, quote, and summarize any
source material that you have read? Or, when selecting a review of related
literature that you will use in your research paper?

IV. Reflection
Complete the statements below.

I understand

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

I don’t understand
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

I need more information about

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

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assignments/writing/paraphrasing-summarising-and-quoting
https://www.monash.edu/rlo/research-writing-
aphrasing_and_summarizing/index.html
https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/using_research/quoting_par
(STE Program), Division of San Carlos City, Negro Occidental
Biomechanics (Group Category), 2018-2019. Julio Ledesma National Hih School
Medina, S. B., Damandaman, M. A. P., Pardillo, J.I. B., Regional Entry, Robotics-
VI. Links and Other Reference/s
Activity 1
Students’ answers in their output may vary for it will be dependent on their chosen
paragraph. You may opt to use the rubric or make some revisions depending on your
desired outcome.
Process Questions
1.
Table 1. The difference between Paraphrasing Quoting, and Summarizing
Describe the content of
Process of doing it the produced version
1. Paraphrasing - Read the original text. - a shorter or abridged version
- Put other’s work into your of the original passage/text
own words. - uses the author’s language
- Make the original
passage/text shorter.
2. Quoting - Read the original text. - identical from the source
- Narrow an important - original words (word for word)
segment from the original are taken from the original
source. text
3. Summarizing - Read the original text and - a shorter or abridged version
look for the main idea/s. of the original passage/text
- The main idea/s are written - it attributes the original text
in your own words. - provides a broad overview of
the material
2. There is a need to paraphrase, quote, or summarize the source materials that I
have read that I might use in my research study to ensure its credibility and
trustworthiness. These scientific writing steps are legitimate ways of incorporating
someone else’s work into my study without dragging down its essence from the
original work.
V. Answer Key
https://ecampusontario.pressbooks.pub/communicationatwork/chapter/3-4-
using-source-text-quoting-paraphrasing-and-summarizing/#341

https://academicintegrity.uoguelph.ca/plagiarism/paraphrasing-and-
summarizing-practice-exercise

https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Rubric-for-Assessing-Summary-
Writing_tbl1_228608809