List of commonly used Git commands

git init: Initializes a new Git repository.

1. Example: git init

git add: Adds files to the staging area.

2. Example: git add file.txt

git commit: Commits changes to the repository.

3. Example: git commit -m "Added new feature"

git status: Shows the status of the repository.

4. Example: git status

git diff: Shows the differences between the working directory and the last commit.

5. Example: git diff

git log: Shows the commit history of the repository.

6. Example: git log

git checkout: Switches to a different branch or commit.

7. Example: git checkout main

git branch: Shows a list of branches.

8. Example: git branch

git merge: Merges changes from one branch into another.

9. Example: git merge feature-branch

git remote: Shows a list of remote repositories.

10. Example: git remote -v

git clone: Clones a remote repository to the local machine.

11. Example: git clone https://github.com/user/repo.git

git pull: Fetches changes from a remote repository and merges them into the current
branch.

12. Example: git pull origin main

git push: Pushes changes to a remote repository.

13. Example: git push origin main

git stash: Stashes changes in a working directory.

14. Example: git stash

Created by : Eng. Shady Ahmed +201023527158

git tag: Lists or creates tags.

15. Example: git tag -a v1.0.0 -m "Initial release"

git reset: Resets the current branch to a previous commit.

16. Example: git reset HEAD~1

git revert: Reverts a commit.

17. Example: git revert abc123

git cherry-pick: Picks a specific commit from one branch and applies it to another.

18. Example: git cherry-pick abc123

git rm: Removes a file from the working directory and the repository.

19. Example: git rm file.txt

git mv: Renames or moves a file in the working directory and the repository.

20. Example: git mv file.txt newfile.txt

git clone --depth: Clones a repository with a limited number of commits.

21. Example: git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/user/repo.git

git log --oneline: Shows a simplified commit history of the repository.

22. Example: git log --oneline

git log --author: Shows the commit history of the repository by a specific author.

23. Example: git log --author="John Doe"

git log --since: Shows the commit history of the repository since a specific date.

24. Example: git log --since="2022-01-01"

git log --grep: Shows the commit history of the repository with a specific commit
message.

25. Example: git log --grep="fixed typo"

git blame: Shows who last modified each line of a file and when.

26. Example: git blame file.txt

git log --graph: Shows the commit history of the repository in a visual graph.

27. Example: git log --graph

git tag -d: Deletes a tag.

28. Example: git tag -d v1.0.0

git branch -d: Deletes a branch.

29. Example: git branch -d feature-branch

Created by : Eng. Shady Ahmed +201023527158

 30. git branch -m: Renames a branch.

git push --force: Forces a push to a remote repository, overwriting its history.

31. Example: git push --force origin main

git fetch: Fetches changes from a remote repository but does not merge them.

32. Example: git fetch origin

git rebase: Reapplies commits on top of another base tip.

33. Example: git rebase main

git reflog: Shows a log of all changes to Git references.

34. Example: git reflog

git clean: Cleans untracked files from the working directory.

35. Example: git clean -f

git grep: Searches for a pattern in the contents of tracked files.

36. Example: git grep "function_name"

git clone --branch: Clones a specific branch of a remote repository to the local machine.

37. Example: git clone --branch feature-branch

https://github.com/user/repo.git
git branch --merged: Shows a list of branches that have been merged into the current
branch.

38. Example: git branch --merged

git cherry: Shows a list of commits that are not merged into another branch.

39. Example: git cherry main

git commit --amend: Modifies the most recent commit.

40. Example: git commit --amend -m "Updated feature"

git rebase --interactive: Allows for interactive rebasing.

41. Example: git rebase --interactive

git revert --no-commit: Reverts changes without committing them.

42. Example: git revert --no-commit abc123

git submodule: Manages Git submodules.

43. Example: git submodule init

Created by : Eng. Shady Ahmed +201023527158

git tag --list: Lists all tags in the repository.

44. Example: git tag --list

git config: Sets configuration options for Git.

45. Example: git config --global user.name "John Doe"

git blame -L: Shows who last modified a specific range of lines in a file.

46. Example: git blame -L 10,20 file.txt

git stash apply: Applies the most recent stash.

47. Example: git stash apply

git revert --abort: Aborts a revert that was in progress.

48. Example: git revert --abort

git bisect: Allows for a binary search for a specific commit.

49. Example: git bisect start

git add -p: Adds changes to the staging area interactively.

50. Example: git add -p

git merge --abort: Aborts a merge that was in progress.

51. Example: git merge --abort

git commit --allow-empty: Creates an empty commit.

52. Example: git commit --allow-empty -m "Empty commit"

git reset --hard: Resets the working directory and the repository to a previous commit.

53. Example: git reset --hard HEAD~1

git stash drop: Deletes the most recent stash.

54. Example: git stash drop

git log --pretty: Shows the commit history of the repository in a custom format.

55. Example: git log --pretty=format:"%h - %an, %ar : %s"

git rebase --continue: Continues a rebase that was in progress.

56. Example: git rebase --continue

git commit --no-verify: Commits changes without running pre-commit hooks.

57. Example: git commit --no-verify -m "Skip pre-commit hooks"

58. git bisect good: Marks a specific commit as good during a

Created by : Eng. Shady Ahmed +201023527158

git cherry-pick: Applies a specific commit from one branch to another.

59. Example: git cherry-pick abc123

git describe: Describes a specific commit relative to a tag or branch.

60. Example: git describe --tags

git revert --edit: Opens the default editor to modify the commit message when reverting
changes.

61. Example: git revert --edit abc123

git blame -w: Ignores whitespace changes when showing who last modified a line in a file.

62. Example: git blame -w file.txt

git commit --fixup: Creates a commit that is meant to be squashed with another commit.

63. Example: git commit --fixup abc123

git reset --soft: Resets the repository to a previous commit but keeps the changes in
the working directory.

64. Example: git reset --soft HEAD~1

git rebase --autosquash: Automatically marks commits created with --fixup or
--squash to be squashed during interactive rebase.

65. Example: git rebase --interactive --autosquash

git tag: Creates a tag in the repository.

66. Example: git tag v1.0.0

git blame --date: Shows who last modified a line in a file and when.

67. Example: git blame --date file.txt

git log --grep: Shows the commit history of the repository that matches a specific pattern.

68. Example: git log --grep="bugfix"

git cherry-pick --no-commit: Applies a specific commit without committing the changes.

69. Example: git cherry-pick --no-commit abc123

git reset --mixed: Resets the repository to a previous commit and clears the changes
from the staging area but keeps them in the working directory.

70. Example: git reset --mixed HEAD~1

git add -i: Adds changes to the staging area interactively with a menu.

71. Example: git add -i

Created by : Eng. Shady Ahmed +201023527158

git commit --squash: Creates a commit that is meant to be squashed with another commit
during interactive rebase.

72. Example: git commit --squash abc123

git rebase --skip: Skips applying a specific commit during interactive rebase.

73. Example: git rebase --skip abc123

git config --list: Lists all configuration options for Git.

74. Example: git config --list

git log --graph: Shows the commit history of the repository in a graph.

75. Example: git log --graph

git log --author: Shows the commit history of the repository by a specific author.

76. Example: git log --author="John Doe"

git bisect skip: Skips testing a specific commit during binary search with git bisect.

77. Example: git bisect skip

git merge --no-ff: Merges changes from one branch to another with a merge commit
even if it is a fast-forward merge.

78. Example: git merge --no-ff feature-branch

git merge-base: Finds the common ancestor between two branches.

79. Example: git merge-base branchA branchB

git rev-parse: Parses and displays the Git object id.

80. Example: git rev-parse HEAD

git add -e: Opens the default editor to modify the changes that will be added to the staging
area.

81. Example: git add -e

82. git branch -D: Deletes a branch even if it has unmerged changes.
Example: git branch -D feature-branch

git checkout -b: Creates a new branch and checks it out.

83. Example: git checkout -b new-branch

git commit --amend: Modifies the last commit with new changes or a new message.

84. Example: git commit --amend

git diff --cached: Shows the changes between the last commit and the staging area.

85. Example: git diff --cached

Created by : Eng. Shady Ahmed +201023527158

git fetch: Fetches changes from a remote repository.

86. Example: git fetch origin

git grep: Searches for specific text in the repository.

87. Example: git grep "search term"

git log --oneline: Shows the commit history of the repository in a concise format.

88. Example: git log --oneline

git push --tags: Pushes tags to a remote repository.

89. Example: git push --tags

git remote add: Adds a new remote repository.

90. Example: git remote add origin [email protected]:user/repo.git

git reset --hard: Resets the repository to a previous commit and removes all changes.

91. Example: git reset --hard HEAD~1

git show: Shows the changes of a specific commit.

92. Example: git show abc123

git stash: Stashes changes in the working directory.

93. Example: git stash

git submodule: Manages submodules in the repository.

94. Example: git submodule update

git tag -d: Deletes a tag.

95. Example: git tag -d v1.0.0

git blame --show-email: Shows the email address of the person who last modified a line
in a file.

96. Example: git blame --show-email file.txt

git cherry: Shows the commits that are in one branch but not in another.

97. Example: git cherry master feature-branch

git clone --depth: Clones a remote repository with a limited depth.

98. Example: git clone --depth=1 [email protected]:user/repo.git

git merge-base --is-ancestor: Checks if a commit is an ancestor of another commit.

99. Example: git merge-base --is-ancestor abc123 def456

Created by : Eng. Shady Ahmed +201023527158

git reset --merge: Resets the repository to a previous commit and clears the changes
from the staging area and working directory.

100. Example: git reset --merge HEAD~1

git rebase: Reapplies changes on top of another base tip.

101. Example: git rebase master
git revert: Creates a new commit that undoes the changes from a previous commit.
102. Example: git revert abc123
git show-branch: Shows the branch structure of the repository.
103. Example: git show-branch
git shortlog: Shows a summary of the commit history grouped by author.
104. Example: git shortlog
git submodule update: Updates submodules in the repository.
105. Example: git submodule update
git clean: Deletes untracked files from the working directory.
106. Example: git clean -f
git diff-tree: Compares the content and mode of blobs found via two tree objects.
107. Example: git diff-tree HEAD HEAD~1
git for-each-ref: Lists all references in the repository.
108. Example: git for-each-ref
git instaweb: Starts a local web server to browse the repository.
109. Example: git instaweb
git merge --no-ff: Forces a merge commit, even if it's a fast-forward merge.
110. Example: git merge --no-ff feature-branch
git pull --rebase: Fetches changes from a remote repository and rebases the current
branch.
111. Example: git pull --rebase origin master
git remote rename: Renames a remote repository.
112. Example: git remote rename origin upstream
git rerere: Records and replays resolutions of conflicted merges.
113. Example: git rerere
git tag -a: Creates an annotated tag with a message.
114. Example: git tag -a v1.0.0 -m "Release version 1.0.0"
git update-index: Registers files in the index and updates their state.
115. Example: git update-index --assume-unchanged file.txt
git whatchanged: Shows the commit history with the changes of each commit.
116. Example: git whatchanged
git blame: Shows who last modified each line of a file.
117. Example: git blame file.txt
git checkout --: Discards changes in the working directory for a specific file.
118. Example: git checkout -- file.txt
git clean: Deletes untracked files from the working directory.
119. Example: git clean -f
git count-objects: Displays statistics on object storage.
120. Example: git count-objects

Created by : Eng. Shady Ahmed +201023527158

git filter-branch: Rewrite branches to modify the commit history.
121. Example: git filter-branch
git gc: Cleans up unnecessary files and optimizes the local repository.
122. Example: git gc
git log --author: Shows the commit history of the repository filtered by author.
123. Example: git log --author="John Doe"
git mergetool: Runs a graphical merge tool to resolve conflicts.
124. Example: git mergetool
git pull --all: Fetches and merges changes from all remote repositories.
125. Example: git pull --all
git push --force-with-lease: Forces a push, but checks if the remote branch has
changed since the last pull.
126. Example: git push --force-with-lease origin master
git reflog: Shows the history of the branch references.
127. Example: git reflog

git remote show: Shows information about a remote repository.

128. Example: git remote show origin
git rev-parse: Shows the SHA-1 hash of a revision or object.
129. Example: git rev-parse HEAD
git stash apply: Applies the changes from the last stash to the working directory.
130. Example: git stash apply
git tag: Lists all tags in the repository.
131. Example: git tag
git blame --date: Shows who last modified each line of a file, along with the date.
132. Example: git blame --date file.txt
git checkout -b: Creates a new branch and checks it out.
133. Example: git checkout -b new-branch
git cherry-pick: Applies the changes from a specific commit to the current branch.
134. Example: git cherry-pick abc123
git describe: Describes the current or a specific commit with the closest annotated tag.
135. Example: git describe
git fetch: Fetches changes from a remote repository.
136. Example: git fetch origin
git log --grep: Shows the commit history of the repository filtered by a specific search
pattern.
137. Example: git log --grep="bug fix"
git merge-base: Finds the best common ancestor of two commits.
138. Example: git merge-base HEAD master
git push --set-upstream: Pushes the current branch to a remote repository and sets up
tracking.
139. Example: git push --set-upstream origin feature-branch
git remote prune: Deletes remote-tracking branches that are no longer on the remote
repository.
140. Example: git remote prune origin

Created by : Eng. Shady Ahmed +201023527158

git reset: Resets the index and working directory to a specific state.
141. Example: git reset HEAD~1
git stash: Stashes changes in the working directory for later use.
142. Example: git stash
git tag -d: Deletes a tag from the repository.
143. Example: git tag -d v1.0.0
git add -p: Interactively adds changes in the working directory to the index.
144. Example: git add -p file.txt
git bisect: Helps find the commit that introduced a bug using binary search.
145. Example: git bisect start; git bisect bad; git bisect good abc123
git clone: Clones a remote repository to the local machine.
146. Example: git clone [email protected]:username/repository.git

git fetch --tags: Fetches changes from a remote repository, including tags.
147. Example: git fetch --tags origin
git log --oneline: Shows the commit history of the repository in a condensed format.
148. Example: git log --oneline
git pull --rebase=preserve: Fetches changes from a remote repository and rebases the
current branch, preserving merges.
149. Example: git pull --rebase=preserve origin master
git rev-list: Lists the revisions in the repository that are reachable from a given commit.
150. Example: git rev-list HEAD

Created by : Eng. Shady Ahmed +201023527158