Question Tag,

Elliptical, Parallel,
& Concordance
Wira Wahyudi
 Tentang pengajar.

Nama: Wira Wahyudi (Wira)

Pendidikan:
D-I Pajak (2010 s.d. 2011)
D-III Pajak Alih Program (2016 s.d. 2018)
S-1 Ekstensi Sistem Informasi (2022 s.d. sekarang)
Kontak: 0813-1415-5033
20XX Pitch deck title 2
 Pretest

20XX Pitch deck title 3

Question Tag
 Penjelasan singkat.
Fungsi Penggunaan umum
Meminta pendengar/pembaca untuk Question tag menggunakan auxiliary dari
konfirmasi kebenaran pernyataan di kalimat kalimat utama + noun (atau diganti pronoun).
utama.

Tenses Kalimat positif = Makna positif?

Umumnya tenses pada kalimat utama sama Tentu saja tidak.
dengan tenses pada question tag.

20XX Pitch deck title 5

 Rumus Dasar Question Tag

Kalimat utama bermakna positif, Question tag negatif

+ (The books are on sale right now,) aren’t they?

Kalimat utama bermakna negatif, Question tag positif

- (Nothing went wrong last night,) did it?

20XX Pitch deck title 6

 Pengecualian Rumus
Kalimat Utama Question Tag Contoh
Let’s + verb 0 Shall we? Let’s break up, shall we?

I am Aren’t I? I am wrong, aren’t I?

I am wrong, am I not?

S + had better Hadn’t + S? You’d better study, hadn’t you?

S + have/has to Don’t/Doesn’t + S? She has to be here, doesn’t she?

verb 0 + O Will you? Close the door, will you?

(Kalimat perintah/ Won’t you?
imperative) Can you?
Can’t you?
Would you?

Don’t + verb 0 Will you? Don’t go anywhere, will you?

There + aux + S Aux + n’t + there? There are 40 students in this class, aren’t
there?
20XX Pitch deck title 7
Contoh Soal #1
Let’s hurry up and get the work done, ….?
a. Will you?
b. Shall we?
c. Does we?
d. Doesn’t we?
Contoh Soal #2
The teacher hardly ever came late, ….?
a. Did she?
b. Didn’t she?
c. Doesn’t she?
d. Does she?
Elliptical
 Summary
Elliptical digunakan untuk menjelaskan
hubungan antara dua subjek yang melakukan
atau menerima suatu kegiatan.

Elliptical dibagi 2 yaitu:

a. Elliptical Positif (Affirmative Agreement)
b. Elliptical Negatif (Negative Agreement)

20XX Pitch deck title 11

 Elliptical Positif
So Too

• Digunakan di awal clause. • Digunakan di akhir clause.

• Rumus: S1 + v, and so + aux + S2 • Rumus: S1 + v, and S2 + aux + too

• Contoh: The boy is running, and so is the dog. • Contoh: The boy is running, and the dog is too.

20XX Pitch deck title 12

 Elliptical Negatif
Neither Either

• Digunakan di awal clause. • Digunakan di akhir clause.

• Rumus: S1 + v (negative), and neither + aux + S2 • Rumus: S1 + v (negative) , and S2 + aux + not +
either
• Contoh: The rain hasn’t ended, and neither has
the thunder. • Contoh: The rain hasn’t ended, and the thunder
has not either.
• Tidak perlu menggunakan not.
• Wajib menggunakan not.

20XX Pitch deck title 13

 Contoh Soal #3
The faculty of the university is not expected to approve the
collective bargaining proposal, and …..
a. the administration either
b. neither is the administration
c. neither the administration
d. the administration is not neither
 Contoh Soal #4
Ira barely sleeps before midnight, and ….
a. Ita does not neither
b. Neither does Ita
c. Either does Ita
d. Does not Ita either
Parallelism
 Penjelasan
Kalimat yang menjelaskan konsep hal/benda
yang sama pentingnya dengan menggunakan
struktur grammar yang sama.

20XX Pitch deck title 17

 Hindari penggunaan struktur berbeda dalam kalimat parallel.

Parallel Structure- Contoh:

We learned to read the passages carefully and underlining to
In a Series underline the main ideas.
The new guy we hired is professional, hardworking, and
cheerful.

20XX Pitch deck title 18

 Parallel Structure- After Correlative
Conjunction
Konsep kesetaraan dari kalimat parallel
juga bisa ditunjukkan dari pasangan
kata tertentu, seperti:

Both … and …
Not only …. But also …
Neither … nor …
Either … or …

20XX Pitch deck title 19

Pengecualian.
• Satu-satunya komponen yang Contoh:
tidak boleh diparallelkan adalah Our home is cozy, is small, and is
auxiliary. inexpensive.
• Ingat, dalam 1 kalimat, hanya
diperbolehkan ada 1 Subject
utama dan Verb Utama.

20XX Pitch deck title 20

Contoh Soal #5
The duties of the new secretary are to answer the telephone,
to type letters, and …..
a. Bookkeeping
b. Do the bookkeeping
c. To do the bookkeeping
d. Doing the bookkeeping
Contoh Soal #6
Both historically and ….., Ontario is the heartland of
Canada.
a. in its geography
b. geographically
c. also its geography
d. geography
Concordance (or
Agreement)
 In a nutshell.
Definisi
Kesesuaian antara subject dan verb di suatu kalimat,
atau kesesuaian antara noun dan pronoun di sebuah
kalimat.

Aspek positif
Materi yang selalu muncul pada tipe soal structure,
bahkan soal reading.

Tantangan
Varian materi yang cukup banyak, dan
membutuhkan pemahaman makna kalimat untuk
menjawab tipe ini.

20XX Pitch deck title 24

 Concordance – Modified Subject and Verb

Aturan Dasar Subjek Jamak = Verb Jamak Subjek Tunggal = Verb

Tunggal
Dalam kalimat bahasa Inggris The chess pieces speak for The chess speaks for itself.
subject dari suatu kalimat wajib themselves.
sesuai dengan Verb nya. Namun, Subjek (chess) = tunggal
perlu diingat jika bentuk Subjek (chess pieces) = jamak
Verb (speaks) = tunggal
tunggal/jamak subject dan verb Verb (speak) = jamak
berbeda.
Subjek +s/es = jamak
Verb + s/es = tunggal

20XX Pitch deck title 25

 Concordance-Appositive
Apa itu appositive? Simpelnya, informasi tambahan atas sebuah subjek
(bisa noun atau phrase) yang diawali dan diakhiri oleh tanda koma.

Pada jenis kalimat appositive, verb ditentukan dari bentuk subjek,

bukan appositive-nya.

Contoh: The books, an English dictionary and a chemistry text, were on

the shelf yesterday.

20XX Pitch deck title 26

 Concordance-Special Phrase

Penjelasan Phrase: Contoh:

Shin Tae Yong accompanied by his
Kata-kata berikut mirip dengan official friends attends the press
fungsi appositive, hanya sebagai conference.
informasi tambahan. Along With, Accompanied by, As
well As.

The book as well as the toy is going

to be donated tomorrow.

20XX Pitch deck title 27

 The number of dan A number of
The number of -> Singular/Tunggal
A number of -> Plural/Jamak

A number of Russian armies were invading Ukraine in 2022.

20XX Pitch deck title 28

 Concordance-Noun and Pronoun
Selain kesesuaian antara subject dan verb, setiap pronoun wajib disesuaikan dengan noun yang
direferensikan.

Contoh 1: Contoh 2: Contoh 3:

Ali is interested in If you want to leave a message Although their visas will expire
mathematics and its for Mr. and Mrs. Carlson, I will in June, they can have them
applications. be glad to take them. extended for three months.

20XX Pitch deck title 29

Contoh Soal #7
Promoting … goods and services, the company salesmen
also bid an opportunity to earn some profit.
a. they
b. their
c. its
d. it
Contoh Soal #8
The production of different kinds of artificial materials …. to
the conservation of our natural resources.
a. Is essential
b. Is essentially
c. Are essential
d. Are essentially
 Thank you.
20XX Pitch deck title 32