Math 151 Midterm Exam

Solution
2015-2016 Spring Semester
EMU
Faculty of Arts and Sciences

Department of Mathematics
 Eastern Mediterranean University 8 April 2016
Department Of Mathematics
MATH 151 – Calculus I Total
Midterm Examination
Duration 90 minutes

Name : Student No :
Surname : Group :
Q1 (20 pts) Q2 (21 pts) Q3 (21 pts) Q4 (18 pts) Q5 (20 pts) Q6 (20 pts)

 Solve all the questions. Write neatly and clearly explaining the solution.
 You are not allowed to use calculators, mobile phones, etc.
Question 1
a. (12 pts) Use local linear approximation (differentials) to approximate (1.999 )
4

We may take f ( x) = x 4 and a = 2 so

f ( x) =x4 ≈ L ( x ) = 16, and f ′ ( 2 ) =
f ( 2 ) + f ′ ( 2 )( x − 2 ) since f ( 2 ) = 4 ( 2) =
3
32
f ( x) = 16 + 32 ( x − 2 )
x4 ≈ L ( x ) =
f (1.999) = (1.999 ) ≈ L (1.999 ) = 16 + 32 (1.999 − 2 ) = 16 + 32 ( −0.001) = 15.968
4

b. (8 pts) Let =
u x 2 + 1 find the derivative of the following functions using chain
rule

d 1 du 1
( ln=
u) = 2 ( 2x)
dx u dx x + 1
d u
=( e ) e= u du
e x +1 ( 2 x )
2

dx dx
d
= ( sin −1 u ) =
1 du 1
2 x (note that
dx 1 − ( u ) dx 1 − ( x 2 + 1)
2 2

sin −1u is defined for [ −1,1] therefore sin −1 ( x 2 + 1) is only defined at x = 0 but the
derivative is not defined at x = 0 so not differentiable)
d u
= ( 3 ) 3=
du
3x +1 ln 3 ( 2 x )
2
u
ln 3
dx dx
 Question 2 Evaluate the following limits if exist
a. (7 pts)
x−2 x−2 x−2
lim (Hint: Find lim+ 2 and lim− 2 )
x→2 x + 4 x − 8
2
x→2 x + 4 x − 8 x→2 x + 4 x − 8

x−2 x−2 0
lim+ 2 = lim+ 2 = = 0
x→2 x + 4 x − 8 x→2 x + 4 x − 8 4
x−2 − ( x − 2) 0
lim− 2 = lim− 2 = = 0
x→2 x + 4 x − 8 x→2 x + 4 x − 8 4
x−2 x−2 x−2
since lim+ 2 = lim− 2 = 0 ⇒ lim 2 =0
x→2 x + 4 x − 8 x→2 x + 4 x − 8 x→2 x + 4 x − 8

b. (7 pts)
x2 − 4 x
lim
x → 4 x 2 − x − 12

x2 − 4 x  0  x ( x − 4) x 4
lim 2   indeterminate form ⇒ lim =
lim =
x → 4 x − x − 12 x → 4 ( x − 4 )( x + 3 ) x → 4 ( x + 3)
0 7

c. (7 pts) ( )
lim sin ( e − x ) e x
x →∞

lim sin ( e − x ) e x [ 0.∞ ] indeterminate form

x →∞

sin ( e − x )  0  sin ( e − x ) cos ( e − x )( −e − x )

lim sin ( e ) e
= lim −x x
=
From L'Hopital Rule ⇒ lim lim
x →∞ x →∞ e −x  0  x →∞ e −x x →∞ −e − x
lim cos ( e − x ) since cos x is continuous function for all x ∈ ( −∞, ∞ ) and lim e − x = 0
x →∞ x →∞

⇒ cos lim e ( x →∞
−x
)=
cos 0 =
1
 Question 3

 x 2 - 4 x -x if x ≥ 4

=f ( x) =0 if x 0
 3x - 4
 if x < 0
 2 x2 - 5x + 3

a. (11 pts) Find all horizontal asymptotes of f ( x)

lim f ( x=
x →∞
) lim x 2 - 4 x -x= lim
x →∞
(
x →∞
x 2 - 4 x -x ) x2 - 4 x + x
= lim
x 2 --
4 x x2
x 2 - 4 x + x x →∞ x 2 - 4 x + x
---4x 4x 4
=lim =lim =lim =-2 ⇒ y =-2 is horizontal Asy.
x →∞ x →∞ x →∞
2 4  4  4
x 1 -  + x x 1 -  + x 1 -  + 1
 x  x  x
3 4 
x2  - 2 
3x - 4  x x  = 0 ⇒ y = 0 is a horizontal Asy.
lim f ( x) = lim 2 = lim
x →-∞ x →-∞ 2 x - 5 x + 3 x →-∞  5 3
x2  2 - + 2 
 x x 

b. (10 pts) Determine if the given function is continuous at x = 0.

3x − 4 −4
lim− f ( x) =
lim− 2 = ⇒ Since f (0) =
0 ≠ lim− f ( x) ⇒ f ( x) is not left continuous
x →0 x →0 2 x − 5 x + 3 3 x →0

⇒ f ( x) is discontinuous at x = 0.
Question 4 Find the derivative of the following functions
a. (6 pts) (
f ( x) = 1 + ( x + x 2 ) )
5 44

(
f ( x) = 1 + ( x + x 2 ) )
5 44
(
⇒ f ′ ( x ) = 44 1 + ( x + x 2 ) ) (5 ( x + x ) (1 + 2x ))
5 43 2 4

f ( x) ln ( cos x ) + x 3e3 x
b. (6 pts) =

− sin x
f ( x) = ln ( cos x ) + x 3e3 x ⇒ f ′ ( x ) = + 3 x 2 e3 x + 3 x 3e3 x
cos x

πx − x x
c. (6 pts) =
f ( x) + tan −1  
log 3 x 5

πx − x x
f ( x) = + tan −1   ⇒
log 3 x 5
 x
 π ln π −

1 
2 x
x
( 1
 ( log 3 x ) − π − x x ln 3 ) 1 1
f ′( x) +  
( log3 x )  x 5
2 2

1+  
5
 ) ( x + 2)
x−2
Question 5 =
y f ( x=
dy
a. (10 pts) Use logarithmic differentiation to find
dx
y =f ( x) =( x + 2 ) ⇒ ln y =ln ( x + 2 )  ⇒ ln y =( x − 2 ) ln ( x + 2 )
x−2 x−2
 
d d ( x − 2 ) ⇒ 1 dy= ln x + 2 + ( x − 2 ) ⇒
[ln y ]= ( x − 2 ) ln ( x + 2 ) = ln ( x + 2 ) + ( )
dx dx ( x + 2 ) y dx ( x + 2)
dy 
= y ln ( x + 2 ) +
( x − 2 )  ⇒ dy = x + 2 x −2 ln x + 2 + ( x − 2 ) 
 ( )  ( ) 
dx  ( x + 2 )  dx  ( x + 2) 

b. (10 pts) Find the equation of the tangent line to the given curve at (2,1)

dy x−2 
= ( x + 2 ) ln ( x + 2 ) +
( x − 2 )  ⇒ dy = x + 2 x −2 ln x + 2 + ( x − 2 ) 
 ( )  ( )  = ln 4
dx  ( x + 2 )  dx ( 2,1)  ( x + 2)  ( 2,1)
slope= − 1 ln 4 ( x − 2 ) ⇒
m ln 4 ⇒ y= = y ln 4 ( x − 2 ) + 1
Question 6
a. (10 pts) If 4 x − 9 ≤ f ( x) ≤ x 2 − 4 x + 7 for x ≥ 0 find lim f ( x ) using Squeeze
x→4

Theorem (Sandwich Theorem)

lim 4 x − 9 = 7 = lim x 2 − 4 x + 7 = 7 ⇒ since 4 x − 9 ≤ f ( x) ≤ x 2 − 4 x + 7 by Squeeze Theorem
x→4 x→4

lim f ( x) = 7
x→4

dy
b. (10 pts) If x 2 + y + x3 y 2 =
x use implicit differentiation to find
dx
d  2 d 1 dy dy
x 2 + y + x3 y 2 =x ⇒  x + y + x3 y 2  = [ x ] ⇒ 2 x + + 3x 2 y 2 + x3 2 y =1
dx dx 2 y dx dx
dy  1  dy −2 x − 3x 2 y 2 + 1
 + 2 x 3 y  =−2 x − 3x 2 y 2 + 1 ⇒ =
dx  2 y  dx 1
+ 2 x3 y
2 y