uo; dilkns is

algbaie u d polkenhil

eaju al to alge biaie Som do Emf'

wlos bons bidg

collhd oktad' slon btidq. R,R,s

(iveuit shaon i
Nesislov AC is he 'balesy and Bpj
Cn d Ru be 4
qvm.
Gaalvan oma key
te aym
(uen t in jauo,,
Icyichof s
Arovdng to

2°4 Jauo,
Arry ing kricho/s
ktid
 R3
-O

R.,
(* Jhis is balonce d (ondi Hon to
a ka

Piinc iple ?

Coken o Conslant Cua send flas th 1ayh he phhinkr

wive Polkn Hias

13
dl fsenc t to
aos any lengh
ot
dicty ProPoHoral to ungth ó fhat Part.
Veied
Co
Parigion oo EMPB

Rh
k

EMfE ond
and
Rh Rheosat ae
Connckd in Seies bo
lo A andß
 hiqlattance And
a

Coih
golvamonaler, au nced.
(onm

Cosun laor in
Plag Key k is Pes Sed Hen tu
* NG Hue
the ciieut.

-m ler Shoigs deflechiona

dnyth
, ho ed thoy amd D.
A

badonred
Potenhiorne ley
o
B (tinik
He
No
balaaced length is

V,

3 Pincigle:

a Constant
tu poleniat ditkyence accios

tio Patiancal tolaPant.

Drlimiogtion do intnal
esis kence d cele

A
 Ceu & mf e and
Plag kuy
l«) with hasta

au (omecled,jn seriez e
ana Jinkev ma sil'
oith Jokeyl J)
a A ces y Crf
e' heving
d
In Seriese
Rosistan(e HR Cnvnctt
and High anoker Pg kuy la
exlaxnal sesistance
R
ith civcwt
iž (onnuckd patole |to Secenda
closed ki is Pend
Noo (lug luy k' i
Prim cital
Picitle,,

both plug kay. k ond k cbsecd, Na

badannhy lengh >)

Ol

3 =)

R
 (on neckd
O
Rsisto in Sevie
!- f sislors
csmbinaions 1/ knon
ened to end combito sah Hd
as Setiey combi nation.

Expression:

MeSishoy having nisistonce R and Rg tesp.

(onsidy
, a bateyPp
t These: 1e3ig loI, ae Cgnded n Serieg oih
conbinalion is Sane.
in His
Co-k. 1), V: iR

Total

t+
V V V
tV3

If a vesishoys having Y4ijtane

Yes istoy kavisy

 iislot in Patalel,
Mo
vesislor o lezgeher
Some po inks hen Hok
ho camin
i (5ml.

V
R. R Ra
R3: be 3 Tsislova Conuckd Panalui to

baltei
Ihe Voltoqe acc Yos ue yeistoy Same

be te Cwwras acC

V
Ri
R3

ut R

R
t
 Teyistomee
& resisler kaving Som

veS rghei
haviy Jam

A ack:
Punsmuna in hich nucleu
otio Alivy= iz H
unsloble atoms like uYanum wndrgogs
darog
Rodio octiviy delay lae: Nod nucei deCeying
Jh No nudei
direcly Proporional to S
imu i . gome
at. Hhut instant & time J is independent on
Ehysicat CGndihsng like.Temp Prelue

dt 4y
Bubske
be nd neli Presend He
in te 7ai'sathv.
af tim t =0 Sec.
lel N o Nuslei Pvesent in the
s adio ac Hve Sul
bt No
at time se e

cucay const).
dt

o
NO
 Jog N -at tt-0
=) N:ND.
C i6 iny (onct,t 0
Loge No C.

Joge No
Sub ( in d Jog N
-A

Nuclear Toaclov:- She dvie in' cckith osholtel teocl

aa lavg
tokus ploce by emiting amail theat!

dawn He fi3sion && Nuclei

Tuclei by usihy a 'mocuato'.
The reukong oe dbsotbed by insevti conhol rods.

Diogan:
(onhol Yoo hive shaileiy
Proke

skam

skan
walex

b too lant
modnator

1fuol 27 Modaratoi B) tontol rods 4) Prol sheilding coalant

 iSolopes d ronium2s3u'o) 3Bu
Packsd in an aluminium cylindur
lily
hiss.
Modvatoy: Jhe Modsv aloys used to slao down Hu
Gaiaphe (o1) Heavy waky
d tosl msving uhanp.
Ha
Hu nu tlran Yeac
nserkcl in
(onol Yod4 Conhol ods ae uhsns and
Con hol te
-toy to absorb he
(onh
Chain eocim (admium e boion ane wd as
odp.
Pislec ive Sheilding:- Jhise ons elejks /rmt he yodiakm

Which homfll or human beingp. to

se Yodhia hin a thick Jall d
Piolect hm
, cemmat leod aa spd,onOUnd
(oncYce and
he Nutlear Yeocfor
Coolont:
Tu
by wing watr (o molkn Sodium
dwn -

hinking:

e uYonium vodg uu kepl

Jn he uleay eactor duelandb

aith. SoTne dit

in
m dlumnum cyllindey and Thei c'SePevaked
cohich hele to slao doc
etlu Jhe
fission
JoP i illed
natons.
by _madvators
Jhe Con aze usd 'ho ahsob
tol'ods .
YeNn cGntolled Jhu hrot
he
mutons and mcHe chan
Jen Yaked by the Yeadoy
Pio dure .
heaf e cocler in coolant
herhie rotakes an
ond i

&eam he leam mahef he

elec iiciy Produted.

) Jo Procluce langc masint do electriciky

2) Jo Pioduce Yadio - iSoto pe
3) usd in 3Cien
tfic yesearch (as a SYc uutons). c
 Slellar Engy:

Jhe EnY9Y Neleosed in Sun and Stcts by clean

tusion ip Calsd 3lellat enegr: (Hlycdion is kel

Nurleat fusion:
d slable muclh
Jhu Proteps d Conbing tuoo ucei

is caded Nucle an fuslon

H

H 4H+ 2
2 4 MeV.

Nutleay ajion occsy nly - i em? i2, aly lo'k

) (owbon - Ni
kogen cycle: Sur
Slal's like Sun cok'
Jn
, (ovbon cyle fakes
OYe. having. Temp do lo'k -ihoen
Place. Jn this PyoreK hydyogen i conveikd o helur
(oYbon&ihogen acts ay atalystg.
Hexe

1³N 13c +
le

yy. 8

Het 2,e t2s9MOu

2
 takeg plare d l kmp &
Prosn- pdn (yle This Yn
e Slo
Sun

H
4'H 7H
? 4e+v
2 H
2

+ 2H
3 He, 3He H
2

ànd (ole is (at

d'stane blo
bwa Cenler cVafe
The
(uavalu
foras lungth -
Piincipal ocoy and oie cenky.
LI is He disl Ho

focus:
tkun the
obi ib placed, at infiny
Jn tate d lens it calhd forut
imaqe is fonad is
oint af coth
Principel axis d
Pincipl fous Poif on'
(arpeco todvt
cohich Poaltel b. lglet ConVerg
|ens in
alle d priniPal tocu
afkr etocton
i

Mas daus iH:- î4 is maß pu unit volume

 densihy o Yota mediun i gieaßer Fhan

density do onsumedium.

Thu Nog donsi hipent bil i leu than, oPl densk

bbly.

(4) Lauw

Ang incidunce : Ang.

d Ye flechon.
2) incidund toy, vdlecled
Yey and NoTmal vay oie n Samm

33 units Dioopk(0)

100

flaoa) m)

inmg
3S(m
Mm Si uatin.
foas
ngh -10tm.
img ist (v).=35(m
ist (u)

G-k, MiwYfof mula

 3S-10
-3S0

350

( DispeYsion; - J is he
Phenamuna in spli#ing ot
4ocm touik Iiglinto its zonpo
tmg cust (V) : -4ocm nunt co
lon
msYe
- 40rnm Violed dispeses
obj dit (u)
9
focas lengt H)
focal
msg
Fh -3cm

0
d-H0.

-30 y
A
40
u

dalfecf in hunan eye J4 is

a Short sigktedgs in. chich
2:48= (u-)4 imasydan obý ig Plared befor
0-62 tina. 0an be Cwud by
Csn tave leng.
Hjpeymerophia !

l = 0
62 +1 long sbhed /fon Sigkdnees
behind te retina. lens
Cwud by (sven
 mq: eitd Prodcrd in tbiaur
Dested slaled that tu
0 (uTYent CooUying (on du
ctoY

dings o
Hhe condu t toy

d a tobal mg
lie inlegia!
nel cwnnt enctsed
ayual to lo imy
indurkon is

Riol-Savacstlao. - Shemg Hh
d agneic fil do

ivet
m
(wund coying elepu nfe is
inductísn.&Aato al and lengHh do tle nst a
-ly ProPorhisnal cuunt'i el emant ond mial
fo
Hhe Cont Ccoing
ang blw bluo mnid Poikt o
and inv Piop 40 Sajuns d dist
elamunt o Jiven poin.

a ot x hon
Ih ng ind o. iclan oil af ist

B Wolni)

lo niy Moni

M =NiA F-Bi1 gine

on cond s nar
O
-90 the force
e ang inclin d con dleu
Niny
-)
M:

JI e-q0
F-vv}.
 Ammeky ;: Vollmaler

te vol lag.

co nnected in Seiez J iÞ, tonnu cted in pcoala

J is
a, Jhe VesisharNe d an idol,
ammeker
i,3Yo .vollaneleY infiny.
moving (oil gawamometer exeience a tosqju cwhen accc
plare in my kild

I0am p
/nano amp
ca a beca
by Cánecl Shunt YS4
Pd to moving it
a annefey
n
by igkNesi st in Sexiez lo,

C=

NO he loP it self tned.

be in Vertical iec tion

HeYe M & A c in direchon.

Vevtitae

be in pla tos any

iiectisn ds oill
B.
The The Ovitntafion (oraje) is zero
tue
(IS Jn o1dQy to. maximise
mg flux liwhec with
if l6o P
ulal Sha p<
ciY

cho9sen fot agiven

Peyimt4ex, cic k
has man
eea hon any oter shape
 O AF eanths .Pole, Tua hoti)onla (ornPor
eat m9(e
13 z00 henee (ompaß
o not shoD ang Pcotiraa

momèn Pes unit volmg. J i> Yepe as

V
- AM
uniz
Veelos ajunt:i

wky
M: NiA Mg• induthin - Tesle
M =
n(u)i (zy2) M9-kila Aml

n no-e tons jn Solenoicl

(6)
bera no isoladed Poleg any Whe re
and N,s olucy exisk togelk as Paivg.

Mg doclingisn

Te angle Mg- meidi an und gcoyia phial mevidor

Mg
inelincaf ion (dir):.
ang mad by te
( Hovi mg
mevidian

Parca
furio

Pava
 () PaoeY factor:
Vi = 2000-V
SeCoSine c Pho angk
cueunt and Vol!
NS= () b/w
wkî, Ny
Np

Ng
2doe dapencu' on (s.
i.e phase dift blwEv
Ns (00 tuyng
8 waHl (sn o ou

ske doon tcns for mor iz uyd

Jn Pcly indatu o)
bpacile cie Cosro
6 Nutual induction. The Pho
ilbi V

Tvans-is:- Jke vafio d

P=o bt sii)
dt Pin Coil to t Nod
hn
No do
Preoirg
Seton Coi).
hCR hcy min ínPs
Ns Vs

S) Ruactom do an induct
heal.
Rea o a
(l9) Chive (oSo = |
(a Pa

b Phay dilkrence bo
AC E
emf
o
Pure yesis tor

v
for Pe indacty i lagz by.
 mictoave have
©Serauu
Shorl cove leng h So they
Pene hete in
an easily
Can

LA
d in gmokz d
îvsar
Acs
Wiol n, TV Ymoleg
in igd
1aki03 Photogafhy
Used in tant. akliko KMDOIng a
bout te molecelos

usa for Nill tine

Wen Haves a
Phologay
lack
ligl ancit
CherH photsn i Aalyecl.
arc to (Yop co Cotiut,

tatttan. arele reingPaite

*chanqcd

Yaiot spee R
ana
uv yayy in Vacuu
al
m

applitatioy micyooaves

Yado 3ysTn nspace navigal

ugec in vadio com mu O icafong.

 Ca
locl dschasg
tulbe, an tue gas is &abjckd to higls clechic kt
ond loo ey sure called cotheo 8a8:
Cahocle

Millikayn found change is yan le3ird.,

he
found
wotk
tunchn(9-ylu mininam zmai/ d
iney foran
S m
fuce d
fal is celed oit tunchin
e o ejcape fon

Pholselh chie clkch- cwhrn he

eledto

emilha
elechons.
Calud pholo
Akal ukels hhe ihium, sodiam, Pottasium,dubidiume
O
le Sium are phofo sensikve e

P
-h
He
T
is im possible to dkimik
aXoclly.
Ae
be Uncertanis dr momentum amd ax, be uncertein.
d Poyitisn
22)
 )P ye Sunicon duckov - n type semiconcucfor
3ilitonior) qerman ium alorng siliton Go) qrmanium dopa
Pentavalenta sort> mpuy
doped by tivalen impuutigl talh PenkoValsntg

Tike indium add (xoáa hole like oYseni c Callod nh u

e to
and malu i!P pe Jemi ue imgaiieg add exta
ConcueloY make it n type
e
Mas chCan
Hu majonly charge anitys holeg
Minch-(en

yahinsie
Jokinsic Semitonduckovs >

u Bnh
Semitond-. Silion fallea

entingic
A
SemCu doped coith peuta hivadi nge
Thy

4
P-0 June tion diode:

Jhe dvice having P-n Junchion s called Pnjundo

lhe re qion coheYe P
ho ng Semicond au in Confacl co

(oullsd PNJuchsn

Symbol

n
to Paes
The Synbol Shouw tha it alow Con
e ot
dutletism (aly!2n e-vJnctoncio holes P
Ju
dilsuse tos%dS Side
GP PoSike
and fo
depleiGn lo
 louotd bia4 badlay iz (onnect to diode Such thad
Hminoul to words P end

Conn to 1-endbdi
Yevry biay
in

o may 2enes dio

7(vese bias
n
Zenex Vollag
valu (eled
inu to
volluge. eveYSe biaz.
Jn CiGws Zny
o
itonnctd
4ul ave eci

O 406RL

-ase8 12:00–
in redorSe bios idlfh increaer
11:305 -Aoms

(amilt eollecho emikr

(ollec fot elechhos
l030
hoaveopt

Payept
bus4) (bau)
3-6 MCM
electthaig

Armpifer davice
t-4:30Tevsim8
ued todo Qmpli Rcation
is callue
a mplifie Amdificahin is aProcess to Taise He Sheyl

o sig na).

input volage d anplike elechio

sla,2)4)S
elet cho% 1-6.
A = Vo
Semitondtdts
Roy oPt ) S,6, t, S.q
MC M
u2) 4 ,9
 n iode Cun be td
JjA TvYs biay
Y(gulaloY y the votfoge rene(J

NAND E NOR qas NoR God.

an be (onshyc by wing NAND
9ate
(1) NAND G
Al€: ANOGAie

B A

AB LA
J8Y-Ag

Heye tue utPutiz 2e10 y

 Jammun itahsn sySkm

csn
an encydo Peolia d knasled clich
2)
w
Ww JE s Ounel he clock
Hh164gk sred A

e veyon
acce ssjbl lo

3) heu
Yan d
Bamd width 2 kM

long wave
wave (onnuciahi
4) Sky koeve Piofgohion- .y he
hu i
long
is
Yadio hves in an i000shere
acwvea by 7hisn &
.DHescnd
al ecothg tnosplee;
Shy Loave Propogelin

oPo SPA: () Mo
dltisn- Tke Psocey dk atta
) ave Io
ot
sha t) hyt hea (ani e
Pat ciy

tiansmit iaq
yecyite elechomg ole to
anknes4
ankencs os
sighal uave is
attalhed
o
ifl he
leo feal

msg
atoch
AM (amp moo)
)
FM (hea nad o Cos AM
An
tM (Phag Mod.
P hoy to (an
- PM.

3Pace .
ey have e
03nis to 3h H
in mopite Rhone.. freay
 maks

en du to t
The appanl Change in
frgunce
cdola
l
called
SY and de Fecfor i
IVe dbhon bw:
dckec te
fe the frear
away traved loy
yYadu ally do ce u. lew The cwe haVe t0
Yeach Hy

more im to
du'stance TeaYc} wave Lent
He
teayue ncy in crea
delecto Jle decy ease in hu
Red ShifZ: y/
ena caled
This Pheno
wves Savel shot distane' and
toords te detctor he ecT eage
Coave be ngta
g1adually. and
freay wa
Keas taqve lengths Bue
appatta.. ,doceas in
A -Vyadita
C'
velocihy along Hiinjo
V(adial $

Consesvafion
Principu oo

AM Phet dn
 is dishubuted taually
oylweu c
daik tingej wirh
laj val in kily
having
n
fy l
di Siact
u bvig inges dor'
eajuas inhish dok nges
eney is not chjhuk
hude

Congle kly dask. ttnte

ved.
i6 (onser

Wack ghits
(onsidsy a feo Th widh
d

shipg &d
unsgua oid
h. il to tae
Na Pat
cohike
ePesaked by Tigkt.
4 Hom left to
skip inC
wite
auny. A! exol Pid
o1). me
moye Cloj ey Side shies
Qnd
too Ships cokich Hu hll
only
we Se
not, dusinguishabde NoLo

oidh aß d'and dis fanee ooall

0 GxPiersion foi induud ent:

PL

os 8hazon
Wt
XPGy be hick coPlea plak bent intoJape
in fiayw
 mg
(kt.
ve
velocity anea ine coih ine in

fig

inifia aRa'R(DQ
pco'

dis avellid dN. lt

(chanje" ina vea:)
dA = d

ndtea CHf
C-d de
-B!V.

is afplelo ofaliy
The dum alyo olaks tun .mg-kild
wil gnh forgu
ond
diun eddy (usut eu Picltd
in ofo ik divechon

Cleche magaic dughg ceila galbanonkhg

Qnd bying em to gel quthly

Jndu hon N QN(e - A hgh hey AC

u
coil ohich aatod
 32
cohete Sole.S2. iz
+ (onsidrx Soles Si and

(onpl Jursou
arua
4
Solenoids have Simllan (rogS tknl
Si
cunent assin thrau
N
be total
V
and

eild

M9

Now
Mg Huy
d S

-O
Bul

MoNiNLA
M,L:
 Aomy

nth

Tu Rolerttal tnigy d in athotat:-

4R£o
The kitie tigy al.c in n onbil

my?
ze'
my
L,ze'
L,m2
=.2e'
(

Cok,
the -ve
u
ay n
yau inc PE Val ine

inza

fail te Yevolving and caue

(ould n
exPlain. abt SPectun uder
Bohiaduud ^irculen oibit> donot exfk
fu ellefhtal orbilz.
fail to xplain ta nu
spechboth hydrogo sechn
 kymon exies
,:3,4.

(-).
Ro (- ).

Koleilo Moctel: -
oreofBackj,

as 7evo lve aZMnd Hu nucles hy lo eu igy

As long
which Caus dushuchion ot atum Tis i impus ihlk
and fa

nautomic e
losiy Con
ha will Produy bqnar SPech but
not baud 3Pechu
SDechun ib li spchuu

Hal! coAVe titir: A

ciscail conick ectihes hult dan
known
Ser
piods A Single Aiodi connectd in

to a load csislance R) in Secandey Ciit

Tjansfor.

3
B

h
ell cycle diodi forword biasecd
CuIrent
Suriny -Ve ha Cycl i n le versed biojed e

Jhes hali xechfied uging a Single dioce.

 Load resilance iPsuainy b

as shawn in qraph
hade
1e Pulsuatny pc can be

0 406Re
44 R.
Ractificafisn
Pioces o convevting

fwe
aoave

RL

and: i8 in foga bla

Pas tu 0, i ye
ie, in yever bian
fuu-w R
by
be - '9 diod
R
0-812

4
R.

(
ocad 1englh:- ! is the
is hu dislonce bl) focay
Principad focoS and
oPhc cenkr o
mi (or is calld fot el

OA be incidnl ll to Printigt
Yauy
Princirad axi
re/Yac led Yay 'passes thtayh focat.
a Ac be Noimal dhaon to Contave minor
sellecfiam

CAF.
LACFe

AN be Nov Mal biacon to PrinipclaxiS

flom ANC =
Tane AN

very Smal ang : AN ")

am o ANF
jan 29= A N
FN

FN

FN

Cvihial agle: akn

 Y a0
la.

Sinc

fvahion imag:
Rainbow

brnbid elfect dispers

Phanomea' du. to.
Sun iyk! by letu dhorlets

Ytmarg
ainkas:

R V

i Sunliykt Yays enks ino do)

Cauye colos
uH
.
Ii) Tay nefiacet tcys S hik fae
inkneily ot liyt redcea
inner Suface

1| Pinaytajnb0 1 3
skefa
 Sun 10olku yeddish duning Suntije
o) Sungel be cawt thel Himm
hori3om J0 Huwav
tun ib
muy thave) more dislante than
-eS e d colea
nly
3calted Go
al mcon. Tu Blue and othur Tayt art
Sla Hoed
lat
Jimtle TaictoSCoPe
verg
ofhi cad i8 uscd to see smel
nghumet sich
obj (magnifita tian ).
Comvei leng dh locas
Loytl . o hanelle is
Hed a
in circuan tron and

Provbud to hold il

torliny
blus foçay
Cintr
Pluce bemee.
ABbe CUm obj
donol mets thy apPec to
Tehaclin ot Sanu side t obi
is fotme
iey
40 thic cA
du
Probkm
Nuclei

A= 23
) No 19 (bos

N: o12
9g.t
Jog No
t= 4goo yean
Ne
A
= log2
Joy
o125
.t
Jog 3 log2_
3:7
 3) A, Ao
u'3s
9
2h.

2n, Ao
2
A. = T: o8)
2n 32 C: 1o3y
T
2^- 25

2s
=S.

veleod by uronjum
(9 eniy = 200MeV

23) -. h bo23 Io'U.

6023 Klo3
2 35 -023 x/o3
sabslance
by lgm b 2
3S
=5.J2 rja23.

Cuxvunt lecwicit:

1SVm
ple cvc id=

m
Sooc

lr
Sn=

b46A2%
25
2

s4
5)
(66
2S
 Chemisy

1) Raoulls lauo!
a dilik Soluisn conlaing
fhe Rilahive mole ucHan Cy) of Solte
to
Mon olaile. olute is eajual

9) Hny's lao: Propoyttonal to

The pantial Pressure &a Jas iz ditely :

mole tuchion (a) t g4g in Soli'sn

P&x P= YkH
3) 0Smohe Pressue;
fo a gcas Sohhan to Pyevenl
hm
exba Pxessle applied
OS MOSis PIasS.
oS motic
4) sotoic Jhesc Bolutin having eSmu
Pressue at Jiven ternfatwe.Salme.
i'solonic
Kawesing va Por CsSLe
blw
s) RLVP:- i po,
Va psius pseyor
Cp9) and
p-p
RLvp
pó
ProPerty & dilae Solition cohih
nsn- vblatile &olue Rialicle t &luhon.
daPrrd the
e
RLVP
Hue bolling
Clevoin BP CATB) The cille rence. io bluo
) sol vent
Solutian and boilng Poit Pue
Poind ß -
ATe Ts) 1(o)
) ebuLiscopic Const o
oG (venl
mle cB nsn Votaile olut iz addecd e fo / kg
-
coken
the ce Pyefsisn heeg ing poit
1) CTYyoscoPic Const:- Jt i
nsn-vaile Sdule i issolued in Iky o olwen
Elecho chemistky chemicas inatit)
) eec holysis: Jhe Ploc-es decomposition doan elec hole
elect ic wnt
fa " lay: The amaunt of 3ubstance libe ialad (or) de
eleelsod iz diecthy Piopditimats

Hy d auit Pasing fhauyk it

{ar 2" ohyi- wn Sam 3uan ihy ot

elcheás thun U
moud ot Substonce deposik
to cauivale nt weiglts

) Galvanic(ell;-
t is anQlechochumica ceu cohicl
Qumirau e ewgy into eleci iccul Cigy (Yedou ytu chaj.
eX.Daniel cew.

) Metallic CoyiOS
ion- I4 i the giadua deshuchion &

by moista in

Summ
d.Poev Conc. kumg
Tale ieyucio

O1dY
26 3.

-N, 0,* 2N,04

to
 PSeudo
i6 not
Yeacton Ohich
yexn.
undiY Sireum stanreg
iH becone 1o1di
TeXn but

Suga (ane (H0 conc is move)

glutos fhuctore
ote

Given vle constant

k: ESK/os
693 6.43
SS
x( gec
|2
Cu Soy
anp
0 693
JTS
Ii/
IK
mass = ?
k: 0
63 317
635
2
k.= o.0693 min! m 3/7x ISy lo

3o
930 x

=
-2:2 x s x 00
22 XS0. 212 300
 s fa fe
Solid

S-2

ceve lenglh A incident on 2

uy!
- Buppos
-arep
gets diJbocled al AA on 15aie
duyracled af 7hd Saface
Second X ray tiaU el move
dislane han
eyta dislance (pc th dilkrcne) traveUrd == CBr8D

Acc to
biags,
un mus! bt an itku
2 Tcu3 get cuhac lea Phah di!
,
Yiusliple
d (aonve length
(n 2, 3-- ).
n is ovdey d dhachon
a SLalore plan
9 be angle d incidon(e, d be blu)

fom SABC =
-)CB dGing
tom NGP Sine BD -) BO
=
d sino.
AB

nàz ep+BO >d sino 4

dsine
na 2d Sin)

Hence
vevitied.
 point
a:
hothy dalfel: a dlfect in cohich an ctonor
Doima Se n CIyslal halfic.
miss ing foms
-
- 1- t -
Ot
-0-+
t

an alem
Poid cefJect in which
sploc od fomit noY mau.s}le to
lovl
n iom du
its iner stiay sik.

cohoSe
conducto8
Bern icandurtoT :- Thoe
4em
(orduati vit in
hi um.
Solics Iik 8ihtan ,hima
Sem osnducto:
2) txyncic co
cwhich condelviy ineascs
(on clu
ot doping ot
inr
P, AS Qnd B, A|:
atypeg

omcu ctor having majo charx caN

Somi

doped wih alom

Ye Pla ced by P,Ag
S bl has 4
VA ha Valenc
is fee to moe
de locaised
- ve e.
Cond i
ma

S(mi con d in
cOhich jori hy chon
holes

Si dored hwi
3A the si ttog reph

by
3A have ValLeny 3, but Si has 4, So hle i8

(ond is du migafion o4eehale fron 6Xe atn

 Solue disolea
moles
MolavíbycM)

lo00
M: X

Mw d NaOH 394= 40
B M

M= S =0.21 M
18

M:
vtam)

weith = 0gm
given
nMw = 180 M

weiqh o S oluent
40 s) rolrd1
T10

So = 0.6 M
E) Mde dipclis () :
de finod as

no do Moles

Tot no o males os all Conm P

H So4.

no say
moly 8
98
2
 1

ro

sol v
Vo POu Ples ot
Nes do Solahen and
Va Pguy Vent
bl)

Pi
Lowe Vap
RLVP:
Solvent:
Pres ed

po
Raots laon
RLVP= X
ws Mo
X: -)
Wo
MS

PYesu is Yeduce to
go.
VoPor
po

Moleon rnass =
409rn
(Ms) 40
do tan (no) =ll49m

=9

Wy, Mo

Ms W

20,40
Po

Mo
My Wo

Wo= 39
MS 4
=0-85o -0S
Ms = 9

|o00

Ms I7o 9Hol

Sualat Chom,
Also Phion; -
atumulat'on o 94s/i malu

Sn solia/\iyid gett Sufacey

, chalk in
painting on Coyroslon dó mufed
tol )

Phy ocl Sor (hem actbti

to s tong chomica! bag
focy
+
ÎLis de
wanoaccl a 3N
i iseversible

in knpedae

catalysi,
kakyst

produf e seacfan?
in colich looth
a catalyfic Prcce
yfis hase
Sarng

? 502
 hc Ccdaly Proc in coh
dilfereut Qhen
Procct Yeactan au n

? Soz
2 SO t O

N 2
-2N3 SofetionB in
ohth
rhe colodal
Emussin Juse pha au (aud3
ang duspersed
dispessisn phay

oil isers in coele: Persed Phage

& couley 8
Solution ojl is dis
nin rhis
disPers lsn Phase.
Crean
anislising
ex Milks
d'spersea in oil: arg
dispexsed Phase
is
sollutin coules
pexn medium.
oil is dis
er Bule Cold
cam.
Cmulsiong:.
APPhication sf
fonicz.
Medrcis; BNplex wctex:
In SaapSi 'oil in
& wate.
Clean ing cchia type fat in &

MIk:- it ip Colloidal Parhleg

y nda etfec: Cinama ha

in
cuoing
Piojech'n & film Smoke Pcfre
by gt
Scatkriny ob iyl
due to
magnike
shauld dilkr by gead
l d dis prsed hon s Pco Ficles ce
conve lengh & lgu
dispersed
Momun !
8 taonicn

y to b eoiles)
unbalened bombaoout el
atiiny ellct Yegonsile fos sfabilib d Bal-tong.
-(Meledbngg)

Ronshing
Cascinahion
oTe ds
PIo in which
-J TU

Carboncate o7
utd lov
OYe calrinata
s.
to gel ct ide
(a(03 (aotO).
2 ZnS 30) 2zn012So,

( fvoth float aion mathod:

Padclle.
Rotctiny

rninuag fyofh

Pladdle sh is plp.

gangue parhcle ton

i8 wed fo eemoie

aith cocte%
Paodored oe 13 mde

o Suspenyion hrotn collector

ruis
addod
oader
Jangu is coeled by
oil
suspeision
- A volaiy
votehy paddk is Uxd to aligate
He

a blaon iko i
aligclec and
cokith Caoe. mingal
froth i fotmed
d
and skimd
o1e Paa cleg
 Aluminium born Bauxiki
Cxhachond
a
moten Stat
moY¢ Solu ble in
jnpuauty au
&olicd shle.
with loc
Ye Stirred
Poling -)
nedhh
n ol len maleTil is
n His

Jmpa 3iskv co fPep

Pback
H3 POy
+
5Hc l
PUs 4Hl20

CHs (oCl t po (l3

ecls (Hg (coH

PCs 2Ag

PU3+3(1 HfoH 3(HsLl tHPo3

PC3+ 3H0
o
halogn lonrdy: 1ko Compaund t6mea by exn of hoo
>\ongc Com
A-
dilrat haloeng.
on hyhridasa
it ig claiied
AX
Tehagn
A Xs - Caf-Sp? Ba:Pyfam
Penlagna bi Byrcmidal.
 SPBo3.

xefo

r22 (s)
|ban

N
eEflsu ealer in
molan Yaho 1. f

2 Xef 42tly0 2YE

+ 2FH xet 2Xe03
S e3d hg bia'gad
2 a b
Ondsfond
3
lone Poss

m conp(ete hq b Toly sesgiveg xeo3

Pasiial hyaroyti 91V3

2 HF
Xeo, t H0) Yey

Shuctau
afom xe undosgoe s sp³ hybiisahn
cenlrel
and fovms
hignal
hay 3 bondy coith OXyn 31 bsnd -Pylamjd
edY
form 3 bond Pairs ana/ (lou SP'd
Shape
is Py fami
dal bibya Sp-ccheld
S'
bond angle l63°
 -
SN' Yeactin.
SN Yecachion is
uni molecular sabsh
tuie
SN iz

Yeuclants only.
do pends ufon Conc eb

SN faky place in sh tuo Stel

formn octono
undor goe
hydroly s to
2bromo, 6clane
Canbo coat ion foraion 1

461
CH3 - C-bi
1

fioduc föim ahon

CH3
CH3e

oH -C -CH3 1

CH3

SN 1exn is 2
BubShhuhon Yeun
bi moleuleer tacors SN'
& seachivily & alkyl haliag

n single slep
aks late Mucleo plule
&

de Pen 0m (once n 1eactne

Yale Yen
me
Hyl ckfor
ydolysis to fom
na thybrom de ndagoe alot
H
-
CC-BY 40H oH-C
H
sloo
H
/ H

fost
Kacemic miytun:
inachve YePte
ophaly
d
form I form i
l before nane (4) belanol
by Prc
a ( o1) 4

trans foml
cenhe
cuung
assyahriae
bond s On

asn
no 3u pr imtaset
Enantionosp oich
(opt isomovs) mityoY ?ach oler
d
+) 6)

yeagtul.
Alks mg helidu
foyIm RM9Y
Viclor gi9nogd n (900
by

olbtauk by

BY 4 Mg
PJo
phyxyl Ng

fisk liuer ojl tefoPhalma

A m. Ni9lbln d,
e93, bules

Sun ligdy e99Yolk Rickuts

Ug oil, sunfl
Bleag clolay hau inc
k - (eay veg
 am au

itamins.

dusignald
Vilanins

futr hy

ble
waba golu

vi
a ns olun in tut cocte.
Jhy n alev reguln
so (u
be gueled
but in Yea dy to excy
a stose od in aci
Ths
our b0 dy
g lortd in ,
pxect

cistant tissuey /o3-

to

tndoYh glans
uy ou cle ito
by
PYo de etd nwhwu
Malmon0 ar hur
chemi(w

skyoid cn
og h

PTotn insulin

(wboyarales,'

plans
Sen in

Contan (ellulr
Wcod & (otlon fibr a
q
Ano\cino