RAEFLES INSTITUTION H2 Mathematics 9758 2019 Year 6 Term 3 Revision 15 (Summary and Tutorial) ‘Topics: Discrete Random Variable, Binomial Distribution, Normal Distribution ‘Summary for Discrete Random Variable Probability Distribution ‘A table or formula giving the values of P(Y =x) for every x in sample space is called the probability distribution of X. For the experiment of tossing a fair coin 3 times where X is the ‘number of heads obtained, the probability distribution of X is as follows = 0 i z 3 r 3 3 T P= z 3 3 z ite 8 3 3 3 ‘The probability distribution of X satisfy the following: 1. OSP(X=x)S1 forall xinS. 2. Y:P(X=x)=1 where the summation is over all values of x in S. Expectation of Discrete Random Variable ‘The expectation (or mean, or expected value) of a discrete random variable X taking values from aset Sis given by E(X)= }) xP(X=2). Independent Diserete Random Variables Let _X and ¥ be two discrete random variables taking on possible values 2%). and JhsYa~ respectively. The random variables and ¥ are said to be independent if for all andj, PU as, and ¥=y,)=P(X=%)PO =y,) Functions of a Discrete Random Variable ‘The expectation of g(), where g is a function of X, is denoted by B(gCX) = Leer =2. In particular, E(X*) =) x* P(X =x).Revision 15_Diserete Random Variable, Binomial Distribution, Normal Distribution. Summary and Tutoriat Variance and Standard Deviation of a Discrete Random Variable ‘The variance of a discrete random variable X is given by Var(X)=E(K 1)? =P (x—n) P(X =x) =E(X?)= 2 -[Zerre9)e = FOr) [EO ]” ‘The standard deviation of X, denoted by ©, is defined as. Var(X’). Properties of Expectation and Variance (Note that these properties hold for discrete and continuous random variables) Let X and Y be random variables and a and b be constants. We have Expectat Variance a) B@ Q) E@X)=aE(x) (2) Var(aX) = a*Var(X) 8) BEX +b) =aB(x)4b (4) Bla¥ £bY)=ak(X)+55(7) (1D) Var(a)=0 G) Var(a¥ £6) =a? Var(X) IfXand Y are independent random variables, then (@) Var(ax £5Y) =a? Var(X)+5°Var(¥), Important Results In general, E(uX)=n E(X) EO +X, tat X)=E(X,) +E(X,) + + B(X,)=nE(X) but Var(nX) Var(X) Van Xi, + y+ nt X,)= Var(X,)+ War X,) +t Var(X,) =n Var). Page 2 of 11Revision 15_Diserate Random Variable, Binomial Distribution, Normal Dstibution_summary and Tutor Summary for Binomial Distribution ‘Note that Binomial random variable is a special discrete random variable. Conditions for an experiment to follow binomial distribution 1. It consists of m independent rials. 2. The outcome of each trial is either a success or a failure. 3. The probability of success for each trial, denoted by p, remains constant. Note that the above must be stated in context of a given question. For example, a biased coin has probability 0.56 of obtaining a head in any toss. Find the probability of getting 6 heads ifthe coin is tossed 8 times. Conditions in context as follow 1. The coin is tossed independently 8 times. 2. The outcome of each toss is ether a head (success) otal (failure), 3, The probability of obtaining a head (success) remains constant at 0.56, Binomial Distribution If adiscrete random variable X follows a binomial distribution, we write X ~B(n, p) where the parameters of the distribution » and p refer to the number of trials and the probability of ‘suocess for each trial respectively. ‘The probability distribution of X is given by (in MF26) X= -( wenn, for x=0,1,2,..42, where ( ) x, x, ‘The mean and variance of X are given by (@ E(A)=np (in MF26) (ii) Var(X) = np(l— p) (in MF26) Page 3 of 12,Revision 15_Diserete Random Varlable, Binomial Distribution, Normat istribution_Summary and Tutorial Summ for Normal Distribution Note that Normat random variable is a special continuous random variable. For continuous random variable, probability is calculated using the area under its probability density function. In H2 Math syllabus, we just need to know how to use GC to evaluate these probabil We also need to be aware that P(X 6) (Show that Var(X) = 9Var(¥). Bl Gi) Tf Var(¥)=1, find P(X <9). (2) Page 7 of 12,Revision 15 Discrete Random Variable, nomial Distribution, Normal Dstribution_ Summary and Tutorial Source of Question: AJC Prelim 9758/2017/02/Q10 6 The number of days of gestation for a Dutch Belted cow is normally distributed, with a mean of j days and a standard deviation of o days. 8.08% of this cattle breed has a gestation period shorter than 278 days whereas 21,2% has a gestation period longer than 289 days. Find the values of 4 and o, giving your answers correct to 3 significant figure 3] © Find the probabitity that the mean gestation period fr thirty-two randomly chosen Dutch Belted cows is more than 287 days, State a necessary assumption for your calculation 10 be valid 61 For another cattle breed, the Jersey cow, the number of days of gestation is normally distributed with a mean of 278 days and a standard deviation of 2.5 days. During gestation, a randomly chosen pregnant Dutch Belted cow eats 29 kg of feed daily while a randomly chosen pregnant Jersey cow eats 26 kg of feed daily. (i Find the value of @ such that during their respective gestation periods, there is a probability of 0.35 that the amount of feed consumed by a randomly chosen pregnant Jersey cow exceeds half of the amount consumed by a randomly chosen pregnant Dutch Belted cow by less than a kg. Express your answer to the nearest kg. Rl Git) Calculate the probability that during their respective gestation periods, the difference between the amount of feed consumed by three randomly chosen pregnant Dutch Belted cows and four randomly chosen pregnant Jersey cows is more than 4000 kg, State clearly the parameters of the distibution used in the calculation, 8) Source of Question: PJC Prelim 9758/2017/02/Q7 7 __ The masses, in kilograms, of black sea bass fish and red tilapia fish sold in a supermarket are normally distributed. The means and standard deviations of these distributions, and the selling prices, in $ per kilogram, are given in the following table, Mean Mass | Standard Deviation | Selling Price ke) | tg) (S per kg) Black sea bass fish 110 0.20 12 Red tilapia fish 035 0.05; 9 @ Ayden bought 2 black sea bass fish and 3 red tilapia fish, Find the probability that he pays ‘more than $40, State an assumption needed in your calculation. 4] (i) __ Five red tilapia fish are randomly chosen. Find the probability that the fifth red tilapia fish is the third red tilapia fish weighing less than half a kilogram. GB) Page 8 of 11Revision le Binomial Distribution, Normal Dstributk mmary and Tutorial ‘Source of Question: DHS Prelim 9758/2018/02/Q6 8 A test consists of 15 multiple choice questions, where each question has n possible options, of which only one is correct. A student took the test by randomly choosing an answer to each question. It is known that the probability of answering exactly 3 questions correctly is the same as the probability of answering exactly 4 questions correctly. BUT HOMWma) @ ‘By forming an equation in terms of n, find the value of n. A can (3) ae binownnl ennuot scale) Rach correct answer is awarded 3 marks and each incorrect answer carries a penalty of | mark. ‘The score is the total marks awarded based on the number of correct and incorrect answers. (i) Find the expected score, s, obtained by the student, Bi (iii) Find the probability that the score obtained by the student is within 4 marks of. [2] Source of Question: EJC Prelim 9758/2018/02/Q7 9 When Mr. Lee sends a text message to any of his students over the weckend, he gets a reply, ‘on average, about 6 out of 10 times. On @ particular weekend, Mr, Lee sends a text message to 25 students, (H State, in the context of this question, two assumptions needed to model the number of students that reply by a binomial distribution. 2 (i) Explain why one of the assumptions stated in part @) may not hold in this context. {1] ‘Assume now that these assumptions do in fact hold, Stating the distribution clearly, (ii) find the probability that at least half of the students reply. BI It is given instead that the probability of a randomly chosen student replying is p. Find the least value of p such that there is at least a 90% chance of more than 20 students replying to the text message, 8) Source of Question: IJC Prelim 9758/2018/02/Q5 10 The random variable X has the distribution B(25,p), where 0 a Write down the conclusion in the context of the question Example: Remember to always define X if there are not defined in the question. Step 1: Totest Hy: 118 vs Hy:y>118 This is an example. Read question carefully to decide >, < or 4 Step 2: Perform a I-tail /2-tail test at 5% level of significance, Step 3: (ample from a Normal population of Gown variane®), Under Hy, ¥ (15 } vas y=l18 and o=12. From the sample, F=121, n=50 oR Step 3 (Large sample from a Normal population 6fwaknown variaie): Under Hy, ¥ (4.2) approximately, with , =118. 121, 9=V97454 From the sample, oR ‘Step 3 (Large sample from a non-Normal population of unknown varianee): Under Hy, since n= 60is large, ¥~ n{s =) ‘approximately, by Central Limit Theorem, with 4 =118. Page 4 of 17Revision 16_ Sampling and Estimations, Hypothesis Testing, Correlation and Regression_Summary and Tutorial From the sample, €=121, » = VO7454 + Hy: 21> mys P(E2 x) "Hy :y1 P(E) "Hy: ay" 2P(R <3) iI or 2P(P 27) eae Step4: Using az-test, p-value = PCP =121) = 0.0385 (35.£) Step 5: Since p-value = 0.0385 <0.05, we reject Hy and conclude that there is sulficient evidence, at 5% level of significance, to support the claim thatthe mean 10 of students in ABC University is greater than 118, oR (if test is performed at 1% level of significance) Step 5: Since p-value = 0.0385>0.01, we do not reject H, and conclude that there is insufficient evidence, at 5% level of significance, to support the claim that the ‘mean 1Q of students in ABC University is greater than 118, Notice the only difference are the two phrases in bold and the end of the sentence is to describe the altemative hypothesis Hi.) General Tips ~ Take note of the nature of the “claim” in the question and the respective conclusion e.g. if the claim is “the mean 1Q is equal to 118 or at least 118 or at most 118”, then when H, :4=118 is rejected, there is “sufficient evidence at ... to conclude that the claim is invalid”; whereas ifthe claim is “the mean 1Q is higher or iower than 118”, then when Hy : 4=118 is rejected, there is “sufficient evidence at... to conclude that the claim is valid”. ~ If Hois rejected at 5% level of significance for a certain p-value, H, will also be rejected at 10% level of significance or any lovel higher than 5%, On the contrary, H, may or may not be rejected at 1% or any level lower than 5%. Page 5 of 17Revision 16_ Sampling and Estimations, Hypothesis Testing, Correlation and Regression, Summary and Tutorial Definitions 1. The level of significance (or significance level) of a hypothesis test, denoted by @, is defined as the probability of rejecting Hy when Hy is truc e.g, “5% level of significance” means “there is a 0.05 probability of wrongly concluding that the mean IQ 11g”, ‘of the students is more than 118 when in fact 2. The ‘p-vahié’» PC > 121) in this context refers to the probability of getting a sample with ‘average 1Q at least 121. This is also the value we will put down on our script if question ~Gsked for the smallest level of significance at which H,, can be rejected in favour of Hy, . Important Cases where conclusion is given and we are asked to find: Case 1: Level of significance a% Carry on as if we are performing a test, After finding the p-value: If given H, is rejected, prance if given Hy is not rejected, pevalug os Case 2: Sample mean X (No standardization required) 2 Example: For a test at 5% level of significance and under Hy, ~ su}. where fy =118 and =12., From the sample, = 50. 12 IE given H, is reeeted, use: [GC invNorm: key in standard deviation = =, not 12] Letail (e.g. Hy:4> 118) 2ail (e.g, Hy :4# 118) ne $0.05 p-value $0.05 P(X 2z)<0.05 2P(¥2)<0.05 or2P(¥ 14; fom sample, = 121) pevalue £0.05 P(X 2121) <0.05 121 Piz $0.05 _ Using GC, P(Z 21.6449) =0.05 121 fo > 1.6449 2? 50 Page 7 of 17Revision 26_Sampling and Estimations, Hypathesis Testing, Correlation and Regression_Surmmaty and Tutorial ‘Summary for Correlation and Regression Terminology = An independent variable is the variable whose change will have an effect on the dependent ‘variable. Sometimes the independent variable can be controlled so that the variable only assumes a set of predetermined values, = A scatter diagram is a two-dimensional plot, with the values of one variable plotted along ‘each axis. We plot the independont variable along the horizontal axis. A scatter diagram is used to show visually the relation between two variables, and it helps to identify outliers. - The product moment correlation coefficient, denoted by r, is a measure of the strength of the linear relation between two variables, The value of r is independent of the units of the variables, and —10 line of positive gradient. between variables Points lie close to astraight | Negative linear corselation |r -t ‘Sketch, on separate diagrams, showing clearly any asymptotes, intersections with the axes and coordinates of stationary points, the graphs of @ y=fQ), Gi) y= 800)Revision 17_Review The Use of Graphing Calculators ‘The function h is defined as hich f(a), forxeR, x>-2. ii) Find the equation of the tangent to y= gh(x) at the point where x = 0. (iv) Find the area bounded by the graph of y= gh(x) with the x-axis. (W) Solve the inequality gh(x) <2In(x+1) (6) Sketch the curve y=1 a xeR, x41, x0, stating clearly equations of any asymptotes, wee intersections with the axes and coordinates of turning points. sinx+cosr-1 for —$a PlySmit2 -» SIMULTANEOUS EQN SOLVER, 2, Solve system of linear equations. Exe (@) Find the smallest positive integer n such that 10000(1~0.9") <25n(n +3}. (0) Find, for -2 < x <2, the set of values of x such that 3 sinx- (: seat 5} < 0.05. (©) Use your calculator to find a vector equation of the line of intersection between mo w(it3j+2k)=4 and ms e(i-j-K)=4. (@ A finite arithmetic progression 11, 1,5 tyes thy has first term a and common difference d, It is given that sar, ty +Uyy =36228 and the average of all the odd-numbered 4, toms is 12 075, By formulating three equations involving a, d and nd, find the values of a, dandn. 1. Perform operations on complex numbers. + By using (AFPS) > PlySmit2 > POLYNOMIAL ROOT FINDER, 2, Find the roots of a polynomial equation with real coeffi + By using (HATE)— CMPLX, 3, the conjugate, modulus and argument of a complex number. 4. Convert a complex number from the Cartesian form to the Polar form and vice versa, ‘Exercise 4 (a) Evaluate the following: (i) ot @ V5-12i. wt Bi, (i) 3-21] =i (0) Find the roots of the following equations: @ 27 +(144i)z+(-5+i)=0, ii) 24-225 +82-16=0, (0) Find the conjugate, modulus and argument of i fee ee i. = -iXi-3), Samra Te 8-61, 10, 2.50; 7 a G-iKi-3) ® Say @ 8-6 Divi,v2. 4) Page 3 of 4Revision 17_Review The Use of Graphing Calculators. (@ Express the following complex numbers in cartesian form. w val, Gy 2), (@ 11; G9 14451] (©) Express the following complex numbers in polar form. w& = we ( 1 fia -V to 268), gy 2c), ‘Si Discrete Random Variables i ‘Skills Required: Use of STAD, summation, TALE) Exercise 5 @ Find the mean and standard deviation of the random variable X° with the following probability distribution: ‘ x 4 3 2 = 0 T 2 3] P(X=x) | 004 [016 [024 ole | 01s | 0.1 | ot G05] (&) A committee of 12 people is chosen at random from a group consisting of 24 women and 16 men. ‘The number of women on the committee is denoted by R. Use your calculator to find i) PRE6), i) the probability that 2 is divisible by 3, 7 Gi) BCR), Gv) Var(R), (¥) the most probable number of women on the committee. . Page dof a '1 2014 RI H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examination Paper 1 (Modified) ~axtb 1A function f is given by f(x) for xR, x#0 where a and 6 are positive real constants. Find f"(z)and hence sketch the graph of y=f'(x), stating the equations of any asymptotes and the coordinates of the points where the eurve crosses the axes. 4 2 A company wants to lease 25 trucks with a combined capacity of 800 cubie metres, Three different types of trucks are available: 4.2-metre trucks with capacity of 10 cubic metres, 5.3- metre trucks with capacity of 20 cubic metres, and 6.4-metre trucks with capacity of 40 cubic metres. () What are the possible combinations of the number of each type of truck that the company could lease? [4] (ii) If the rent is $115 per day for a 4.2-metre truck, $150 per day for a 5.3-metre truck and $200 per day for a 6.4-metre truck, how many of each type of truck should the company now lease to achieve a minimum daily leasing cost? Ry 3 One root of the equation z* +az*+b=0, where a and b are real, is w. ()° Show that w* is also a root of this equation. a Solve the equation z’ +6z*+9=0, giving your answers in the form x+iy. 4 4 (@)__ The variable vector v= ai+bj-+ck satisfies the equation vx(i~3k)= J Find the set of ‘vectors v and describe this set geometrically. By Referred to the origin O, the points A and B have position vectors a and b respectively, where a and b are non-zero and non-parallel vectors. The point P with position veetor p on AB such that AP; PB =1-2:A. It is given that O4 is perpendicular to OB and OP is perpendicular to.AB, By using a scalar product, show that (1~-2)|b]* = fal? 81 In the case where |pxal=3]pxbj, state the value of 2 and hence find ZBAO in degrees. RI 2014 RI H2 MathomsticsPretiminary Examination Paper 1 (osted)2 (@) Given that }°sin(2rx)sinx=sin(nx)sin(n-+1)x for all positive integers, find the extct 2 sin 3xsin dx vate of [7 sind ae 4] Jz sine z at (b) By considering the derivative of Lo, find J ee 6 14x? 0-42) Referred to the origin O, the points 4 and B have position vectors a and b respectively. Itis given that Jo =3,)b|=5 and a—b|=10. @ __ Give the geometrical interpretation of h i ‘| 4 (i) Show that a-b=1. pI Gil) Hence find the shortest distance from 4 to the line OB, and the area of the triangle OAB. 21 Gy) Given that a, 2a+3b and ja-+2b, where jr is a constant, are position vectors of collinear points, find ys (4) 2014 Fi H2 Mathematics Pretminary Examination Paper 1 (oct)3 Curves C, and C, are given by the equations CG: ety =25 CG: a +by =100 where @ and b are positive real constants such that a 0 is a constant, and Y is the point with coordinates (5,2, 1). (iv) Find the equations of the lines XY and OR in veotor form. I (¥) Given that the lines XY and OR intersect at a point WV, find o and the ratio OW :OR. [4] 2014 RH Mathematics Preliminary Examination Paper 1 (Modlieg) |10 Acurve C is defined by the parametric equations x=tand, y=see8 for 0<0< @ Find the cartesian equation of C. Sketch C, giving the equation(s) of any asymptote(s), B) ‘The tangent and normal at P(tan 8, soc) meets the x-axis at Q and R respectively. (ii) Show that the area, 4 of the cirele passing through P, Q and. can be expressed as Ly Asal tond+ . 7 ( ean 3) a @ Show that (3) -220 forall re Rr #0. py Deduce the minimum value of 4. a 11 The variables x and y are related by the differential equation @ Itis also given that y= : , ay Z (Write down the value of 2 when x= 0. m dh? ao ‘ dy aty HH (By further differentition, obtain the values of > and Sp when x= 0. Hence write down the first five terms of the Maclaurin series for y. RQ @) Show that the substitution aol reduces (1)10 #4 =-29, ty Find w in terms of y, given that w=1 when y=1 14 (iv) Using your answer from (fii), find y in terms of x, giving your answer in the form y=Psin(x+Q), where P and Q are constants to be determined. (4) (&) Use the standard series in MF26 to find the Maclaurin’s expansion for your answer in (iv) up to and including the term in 3, PB) —~ End of Paper -—~ £2014 RI H2 Mattoatice Prefmnary Examinalion Paper 1 (Medifee)i 2014 RI H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examination Paper 2 (Modified) 1 Section A : Pure Mathematics [40 marks] =a Let f(x) = @) Gey () Find the binomial expansion of f(x) in increasing powers of x, up to and including the term in x, BI Find the coefficient of x2” in the expansion for £(2. BI It is given that a is a constant, where a>1. Find, in terms of a, the solution to each of the following inequalities. 2a, 1+6a? ~3ax a ) = 4 @ Zz a [4] 2a 1460" 30x ay = . 2) Coe Pea eee Q ‘The curve with equation y=-_ undergoes a translation of 1 unit in the positive »-direction, ¥ followed by a stretch wit factor + parallel to the x-axis and then a wanlation of 3 units inthe positive y-direction. Given that the equation of the new curve is y=f(a). Sketch the curve, stating its asymptotes and the coordinates of the points of intersection with the axes. 4) By sketching the graphs of y=|f(2)] and y= ([x|) on separate diagrams, solve the inequality lecal> £ (x). 4] 2014 Ri H2 Mathematics Protiminary Examination Paper 2 (Mesiies)The function f is defined by @ @ fixer —de43 for xeR, 53, Sketch the graph of y=f(x). Oy If the domain of f is further restricted to x ‘Sk, state with a reason the greatest value of k for which the function f exists, Q] In the rest of this question, the domain of fis x¢R, x<3, as originally defined, The fun iy oo) © @) ) 8 is defined by gixhsin(Qx+a) for xeR, wo, aeZ, Find the smallest possible value of a for which the function gf exists. 2 With this value of , find gf, re Find the range of gf. R A geometric progression has first term 9, and the tenth term is three times the fourth term, Find the 224 term in the form V3, where ¢ is a non-zero constant to be determined. [3] fall the terms of the geometric progression are positive and the k term is more than 10, find the least value of &. 2) Runners 4 and B compete in a race by running laps around the school. Runner 4 runs the first lap in $ minutes 15 seconds but finds that his speed drops steadily so that each lap takes him d minutes more than the preceding one. Runner B runs the first lap in 6 minutes and increases his speed steadily so that each successive lap takes him 0.99 of the time taken for the preceding one. @ Runner A takes 6 minutes 39 seconds to run the 8® Jap, Find the value of d. [2] (i) Find expressions for the time taken for each runner to cover the first n laps. [2] (ii) What is the least number of laps they complete if one of the runners took at least 38 ‘minutes more than the other? 1 2014 RI H2 Mathematics Praininary Exeminaton Paper 2(Mosied) &3 Section B : Statistics [60 marks} 10 fair cubicle dice are thrown, and the number of “6"s showing as a result is counted, Find the probability that, in one throw of the ten die, (there are exactly 3 “6"s, a ii) there are more than 3 “6"s. tt] Ina game, a player pays $1 to throw the 10 dice. ‘The player receives nothing if there are fewer than two “6s, receives $1 if there are two “6"s, receives $2 if there are three “6°s, and receives Sk if there are more than three “6s. Find the value of & if this game is fair. 4) ‘Arrandom sample of 50 Year 6 female students is taken and their 2.4 km run times are tabulated as follows: 2.4 km run time (min) | 10,0 | 11.0 | 12.5 | 13.0 | 13.5 | 14.0 | 14.5 | 15.0 | 16.0 | 17.5 Numberofstudents | 2 | 3 | 6 | 8) 8 | 8! 7) 44] 2 | 2 (@ Calculate the unbiased estimates of the population mean and population variance of the 2.4 ‘km run times, in minutes, of Year 6 female students. 2 ‘A test at the 5% significance level is carried out to determine whether the mean 2.4 km run times ‘of Year 6 female students has improved from their Year 5 2.4 km mean run times of 4 minutes. (i) State the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses for the test, ry (ii) Find the set of values of 7p for which the null hypothesis would be rejected. B) To take a test, a group of 10 students are to be seated in two rows; the front and the back row, where cach row has 5 seats. Find the number of possible distinct seating arrangements if (there is no restriction, re] (ii) 2 particular students are not to be seated next to each other on the same row, BI (iii) 2 particular students are absent on that day and no student seated in the front row is taller than any student seated in the back row. (You may assume that no 2 stadents have the exact same height.) 4 £2014 Ri H2 Mathomalie Prelminary Examination Psper2(Modiiec)10 sr 4 p% of the students in a school take Mathematics A and the remaining (100-p)% take ‘Mathematics B. 30% of the students who had taken Mathematics A failed while 40% of the students who had taken Mathematics B failed, ‘Two students from the school are selected at random, () Show that the probability that exactly one of the two students failed Mathematics is 0,0002(2400—2p-0.01p") 15} (@) the probabitny ina both stents take Mathematies A, given that exactly one of the wo students failed Mathematics is Z Find p By A kindergarten has 26 teaching and administrative staff. There are 18 teaching staf and t ofthem are males. For the administrative staff, t of them are males, 3 stafFare chosen at random to form. @ committee. Find (@ the number of ways in which the committee can be chosen if all 3 members of the committee are females and only one of them is an administrative staff, 2} i) the probability that only one member is a teaching staff, given that there are more males than females in the committee. 15) 50% of the teaching staff and 25% of the administrative staff own cars, Ifa staff, chosen at random, {s found to own a car, find the probability that this person is an administrative staff-——-——[2} PF bmn dityerat pe A hair stylist tabulated the number of bottles of shampoo sold in his salon in each month. The discounts that was given, x %, and the number of boitles of shampoo sold, y, in each month are as follows. 10 1s 20 25 30 40 1 devant ¥ | 2 | 35 | 55 | 8¢ | us | ast | 300 Lo. set A- @ — Drawa scatter diagram for these values, labelling the axes. uy) Caleulate the equation of the regression line of y on x, a Hence calculate the corresponding estimated value of y when x= 5 a Comment on the suitability of the linear model for this data set, 1 2014 RI He Mathematics Preliminary Examination Paper 2 (Modied)n Itis suggested that x and y are related by the equation y = a+ bx? . (iv) Calculate the product moment correlation coefficient between yand 37 and comment on its value. 2) (v) Estimate the values of a and b. 2) © The cost price of each bottle of shampoo is $10, and the selling price before discount is $20. Using the suggested model above, estimate the discount that will maximize the profit for the hi tylist in a month, giving your answer to the nearest whole number. BI ‘The masses, in grams (g), of chicken and duck eggs are modelled as having independent normal distributions with means and standard deviations as shown in the table below. Mean (g) Standard deviation (g) Chicken Eggs 50 2 Duck Eggs 65 3 Chicken eggs are packaged in cartons of 6 and duck eggs are packaged in cartons of 4. It is given that the mass of the cartons are negligible, () Find the probability that the total mass of two randomly chosen cartons of chicken eggs exceeds twice the mass of a randomly chosen carton of duck eggs by at least 100g. {3] Chicken eggs that have a mas within 2 standard deviations of $0 g are classified as “g (i) Find the probability that out of ten randomly chosen cartons of chicken eggs, at least 55 chicken eggs in total are “good”. ro) ‘A random sample of » cartons of duck eggs are chosen and their mean mass Min grams(g) per carton is recorded. Gi) Given that n = 4, find P (4 > 265). 2 (iv) Find the approximate value of P(M > 263) as nbecomes large, 2 2014 Ri He Matvematics Preliminary Exanation Paper 2 (Molifed)1 2015 RI H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examination Paper 1 (Modified) 1 The position vectors of the points 4, B and C with respect to the origin O are a,b and c respectively. Point C is on AB produced such that 24C = 3B. Given that [al =3 and a-c =4, find the exact length of projection of OB on Od (4) 2 The first term of an arithmetic series is 5 and the 25% term of the series is 2 Find the least value of n such that the sum of the first terms of the series exceeds 1000, (4 3 A geomettic series has non-zero first term and sum 5. Given that the first, fifth ‘and sixth terms are consecutive terms of an arithmetic series, find the common ratio of the geometric series. BI I.S'= 10, find the least value of m for which the magnitude of the difference between S and the sum of the first m terms of the geometric series is less than 0.001. BI 4 Without using a calculator, t 8-5x () solve the inequality S“* <2-x, si @ solve the inequality Ss 2—x (4) hence find the set of values of for which $588 <9 sing, where 2sind+1 0<0<2n. BI cose 5 ‘Use the substitutic =sinx to find | ———. [4] (@) Use the substitution w=sinx to fin [em 14] d & © Fina (li-¥). 1 (i) Find Ke dx. 8} 6 Accalculator is not to be used in answering this question. (a) The cquation z+ az" +62+2=0, where a is a real constant, has 2 roots which are purely imaginary. Find the value of a and solve the equation. 4] 3a 3a, L+sin— +ic0s _o@) Prove that 4 ‘2015 Rt H2 Mathamates PreSrinary Examination Peper 1 (Medd)7 The line J, has equation Gi+2j+k)+AG+j+k), ZER, and the line /, passes through the origin O and point 4, whose position vector is given by a= 2i+j. Find the acute angle between @ — hands, 1 (i) J, and the xy-plane. BI A point 2 on 4, is such that OB = V5 (iii) Find the possible position vectors of B. 4 It is given that y=e™y (1+3x), 4 @ Show that 2(14+-3x) = (546x) y. Ry de Gi) Find the first three terms of the Maclaurin’s series for y in ascending powers of x, in terms of e. 8) Gi)” A student attempts to approximate f 'y dy using the Maclaurin’s series obtained ). Without performing any calculation, explain why the approximation is not good. uh G9) Given that [g(x)]' = y, find the Maclaurin’s series for g(x) in ascending powers of x, up to and including the term in x, in terms of e BI Funetions fand g are defined by fixe ints) for xeR, x>a, gixhe2te™ for xeR', where a isa constant, i) State the smallest value of a, i) For the case where a= 0, (ii) find ¢-!(9 and write down the domain and range of f-}, [4] (ii) state whether the composite function gf exists, justifying your answer, W (iv) define the composite function fg in a similar form and find the range of fg, leaving your answer in exact form, i] 2016 Ri H2 MathomaticsPrelirinary Examination Paper 1 (Modified)10 u —— 6 Fig. 1 Fig.2 Fig.1 shows a rectangular piece of cardboard ABCD of sides 6 units and 12 units. The lower right-hand comer of the cardboard is folded over to reach the leftmost edge of the cardboard, as shown in Fig. 2, where PQ=x and PR= y. @ Find the length of PB in terms of x. 2 3 (i) Show that y=x,|{——— BI x3 (iit) Hence, use differentiation to find the exact minimum length of QR, proving that it isa minimum, () Find the exact value of (7e dx. wW Hence find the range of values of a such that f°<¥ dx>33 (4) () The region R is bounded by the curve y=eM, the lines x -1, x= 1 and the a-axis. Find the exact volume generated when R is rotated through # radians about the y-axis, mm 2018 R 2 Methomatie Pretninary Examineton Papert (Media)n @) ) @ ® 4 If f(x) =sin2x, describe the transformation which would transform the graph of y= f(x) to the graph of y= —£"(x). pI If g(x) =2"", k>0, describe a sequence of two transformations which ‘would transform the graph of y= g(x) to the graph of y “ BI a) ‘The diagram shows the graph of y=h(x) with (-2,4) as its maximum point, The ‘curve passes through the points (1,0), (3,0) and (0,2), and the lines x=2 and Y=2 are asymptotes of the curve, @ Sketch the graphs of i and y=h'(x) on separate diagrams, ® indicating clearly any asymptotes, axial intercepts and coordinates of stationary points where applicable, 16] The following properties are known about the graph of y=ah(x+b), where a and b are real constants. *) ign BIA CueeATe) @ —_-y=ah(x+b)21 for all values of x where itis defined. (HD) The two asymptotes of the graph of y= ah(x+-5) intersect in the region where x <0. Write down the range of values of @ and 6. 2) SbERESTO EndofPaper sonaarnd 2015 FI H2 Mathematics Profmnary Examination Pape + (Mosliod)2016 RI H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examination Paper 2 (Modified) Section A (40 marks) 1 Planes p,, p, and p, have equations x—4y-132=3, —xtmp+S2=-S and ~3x—4ytz=1 respectively, where jv is a constant. The planes p, and p, intersect in a line f and are both perpendicular to p,- (Show that 4=2. wy (ii) Find a vector equation of /. 2 The point A with coordinates (1,~1,0) lies on p, and the point F's the foot of perpendicular from A tol, Gi) Find the coordinates of F. Wy Point B lies on / and is two units away from F and the point NV is the foot of perpendicular from A 10 Py. * (iv) Find the exact shortest distance from to p,. 2 Hente, or otherwise, find the volume of the tetrahedron ANF . Ry [The volume of a tetrahedron with triangular base XYZ and height h is Haren of 0x9Z)h.} ww n(2n+1)(n+1), find >> (7° +37?) in terms of N, simplifying 2 (a) Given that >) it your answer. BI 2016 RI H2 Mathomatic Preliminary Examination Paper 2 (Modified)) @ o) fa) @® Show that ((.) -(";'} p21 Gi) Hence or otherwise, find ¥(. i} expressing your answer in the form mene b where applicable. BI (Shs where a, b and c are integers to be determined, in terms of Mand k l 2eVx Using the substitution v= 24x, find f de. 4 A curve C has parametric equations x=(140), — y=(I-sina)’, where 0<0<2z, @ Find the exact values of the coordinates of the points on C at which their tangents are paralle! to the x-axis. 14) (i) Find the numerical value of the area bounded by C, the x-axis and the normals to the curve at the points found in (i), giving your answer correct to 2 decimal places. 13) The variables w and ¢ are related by the differential equation a-u)(b-u), where a and b are positive constants such that u0, the curves corresponding to C = 0, C>OandC<0. BI) Section B (60 marks) For events A and B, itis given that P(4) = , P(B)=2 and P(AL#)= a @ Find P(A 3B). 13) Fora third event C, itis given that P(C’ IfA and C are mutually exclusive and B and Care independent, find @ (Bac), i} Gi) P(A BNC). ry The following table shows the weight (W) of a foctus, in grams, taken at various weeks (f). IE 12 16] 20 24 | 38 2136] ros OW) w 11s [100 | 300 | 600 | 005 | 1700 | 2622 | werit+ yyy) (@ Draw a scatter diagram to illustrate the data, labelling the axes clearly. a It is thought that the weight of the foctus at week t ean be modelled by one of the formulae weatbint or = weet’, where a, b, ¢ and d are positive constants. (i) Using your scatter diagram, explain which of w=a+blnt or w=ct “is the better model. Wy 2016 RI H2 Mathematics Pretininary Examination Paper 2 (Modified)(ii) Tis required to estimate the value of w for which f=30. Find the equation of a suitable regression line, and use it to find the required estimate, giving your answer to the nearest grams. (3] (iv) It is also required to estimate the value of ¢ for which w=2000. Explain whether the regression line of ¢ on w or In # on In w could be used to find this estimate. [1] A discrete random variable X takes values 2, 3, 4, 5 with probabilities as shown in the table. x 2 3 4 k E k P(X =x) k 7 z se sind 4 9 16 @ Find &, leaving your answer as a fraction, 2) Gil) Find E((cos X)), giving your answer to 3 significant figures. Bi (il) Find P(X, +X, =7), where X, and X, are two independent observations of X [3] To celebrate Singapore’s 50" birthday, a shopping mall gives each shopper a souvenir card fot every $50 spent at any shop in the mall. Each souvenir card is labelled with either one of the characters “S”, “G”, “5”, “0” o the symbol, “O”, ‘There is a probability of 2 that an eligible shopper will receive a card labelled with “@”, and a probability of + of receiving a card labelled with either “S”, “G”, “5”, or “0”. A shopper who has collected any pair of cards forming either “SG” or “50” can redeem a $50 shopping voucher. Two friends, Ben and Gwen, shopped at the mall separately and collected two and one souvenir cards respectively, @ Show that the probability that Ben is able to redeem a $50 shopping voucher with his two cards is 1. 1) 36 (i) Find the probability that Ben’s cards are labelled differently with characters from “S”, “G”, “5", “0” and he is unable to redeem a $50 shopping voucher. Ry] 2018 RIH2 Mathematics Preliminary Examination Paper 2 (Moxsfed)@ Gi) Gi) 10 (iii) Show that the probability that the two cards received by Ben result in him having exactly 1 character from “S”, “G”, “5”, “0” is pm BI [Two cards labelled with “SS” or “S®” arc counted as having exactly | character from “S$, °C", #5, “0"] (iv) _ Find the probability that Ben and Gwen are able to redeem a $50 shopping voucher together, given that Ben is not able to do so with his two cards, B) Annewly discovered drug is used to treat patients infected with measles. However, it was found that proportion p of these patients will suffer from an allergic reaction. In a clinical trial, a group of 2 patients were treated with the drug. The random variable X denotes the number of patients, out of m, who developed allergic reactions to the drug. State the distribution of X together with the assumptions you made in this context. [3] Given that EQY) = 4 and Var(X) ~ 3.68, find the probability that more than 4 of the patients develop an allergic reaction. 1 25 such clinical trials were performed throughout the world. The drug will be approved for ‘use by the general population if there were at most 10 clinical trials, which have at most 4 patients developing an allergic reaction. Determine the probability of the drug being approved. 2 ‘The wingspan of a certain endangered species of giant butterfly found in the rainforest in ‘New Guinea is a normally distributed random variable with mean 18.0 cm. A lepidopterist who just arrived in New Guinea is keen to find out if climate changes have caused the size of the butterflies to decrease, He measures the wingspan of a random sample of 20 such butterflies and uses the data to perform a hypothesis test. () State appropriate hypotheses for the test, defining any symbols that you use. [2] “The sample mean wingspan is denoted by ¥ om and the sample variance is 1.2 em?. Gi) Find the set of values of ¥ for which the null hypothesis would be rejected at 5% level of significance. 4} ‘The lepidopterist later discovered some old records and noted that the wingspan of the butterfly has a population variance of 1.3 cm*, Using this information, he carried out an appropriate test at 5% significance level to determine if the size of the butterflies has changed. Git) Find the set of values of ¥ for which the null hypothesis would not be rejected. [4] 2016 RI He Mathematics Prolirinary Exemination Paper 2 (Modifies)crt ‘The weights of a randomly chosen 10-month old male baby, X kg, and a randomly chosen female baby, kg, are modelled as having independent normal distributions with means and standard deviations as shown in the table. @ i) Gi) avy) Mean Standard Deviation x 92 0.8 85 05 Find the probability that the difference between thrice the weight of a male baby and the total weight of five female babies does not exceed 10 kg. BI Find the probability that the mean weight of four randomly chosen male babies is at least 0.5 kg more than the mean weight of three randomly chosen female babies, 6) ‘The probability that the total weight of two males and one female babies is less than ‘m kg is at least 0.9. Find the least integral value of m. P] Four female babies are selected at random. Calculate the probability that exactly two of them weigh more than 9 kg and exactly one of them weighs less than 8kg. [3] SEEPS SS EndofPaper seegeeca 2016 RI H2 Mathamatice Protininary Exominaton Paper 2 (Modified)2016 RI H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examination Paper 4 (Modified) 1 Itisgiven that f(x) = ax +bx* boxtd, where a, b, c and d are constants. ‘The graph of y=£(x) passes through the point with coordinates (—1,-27) and has a tuming point at (2,27). Given also that £°(0)=0, find f(x). 14) 2 Ina laboratory experiment, an empty 10-litre tank is transported back and forth between station A and station B by a machine, Starting at station A, 1000m! of water is added fo the tank and on subsequent visits, 90% of the amount of water added previously is added to the tank, that is, 900ml on the 2" visit, 810 ml on the 3° visit and so on. [At station B, the machine removes 100m! of water from the tank and on subsequent visits, it removes 50ml more water than the previous visit, that is, 150ml on the 2" visit, 200ml on the 3 visit and so on. () Show that the amount of water in the tank after the 3" visit to station B is 2260m), a) ‘The machine stops when the amount of water to be removed exceeds the amount of water present in the tank. (ii) Determine the amount of water in the tank when the machine stops. Leave your answer to the nearest millilitre. Bl YD, Wa 3 The even positive integers, starting at 2, are grouped into sets containing 1,3, 5,7, fegers, as indicated below, so that the number of integers in each set is two more than the number of integers in the previous set {2}, {4.6.8}, (10,12,14,16,18), (20,22,24,26,28,30,32}, ... Find, in terms of r, an expression for (@ the number of integers in the r* set, wy Gi) the last integer in the 7 set. @ © Given that the n set contains the integer 2016, find n. 2) 4 @ Use integration by parts to show that for any real constant a, e* (sin axv~acosax) ia where ¢ is an arbitrary constant, 4] Je‘sinax de= +6, (ii) By expressing sin 2xcos xin the form A(sin Px+sin Qx), for real constants 4, P and Q, find fe* sin 2xeos.x dr. 2} 2016 Ri H2 Mathomstice Pretminaty Examination Paper 1 (Modes){A right circular cone with base radius », height 4 and slant height / has curved surface area nl] A right circular cone of base radius 7 is designed to contain a sphere of fixed radius a, ‘The sphere touches both the curved surface and the base of the cone. (Sce diagram for a cross-sectional view.) The point O is the centre of the sphere, the point B is on the circumference of ‘the base of the cone, the point P is the centre of the circular base of the cone and @ is the angle OB makes with the base. 2g @ Show that cos20= = oot = BI) +a sant A oa i) Use differentiation to find, in terms of a, the minimum total surface arca of the cone (consisting of the curved surface area and the base area), proving that it is a sninimum, (6, ‘Do not use a calculator in answering this question. 7 ee fatty 2\dy dy 4 @ For y=2eo{2es *} show that (1-1 \oed- 5): Hence find the Maclaurin series for y, up to and including the term in x*. (4) (@) Given that the first three terms found in part () are equal to the first three terms in the series expansion of (1+x)”, find the values of the constants b and [4] The complex numbers z and w are such that 2=1-iV3 and w=—V2+ic fr. ‘where cis real and positive. I is given that @® Find the exact value of c. 2) : 2)_le Gi) Show that arg) = j=, 2) w) 12 Gii) Express = in the form x+iy, where x and y are real, giving the exact values of w xand yin non igonometrical form. 2) (iv) Hence, by considering the complex number = on an Argand diagram, show that w ‘Sa to( 2493, Qi) 2016 RI H2 MathématesProtminary Examinaion Paper 1 (Modited)10 ‘The function £ is defined by fixox+dx+7, xR, x53, where A is a constant. (@ State the range of values that 4 can take if f°" exists. wm It is given that 4=-6. (i) Find £"(x) and state the domain of f'. BI (iii) Sketch on the same diagram the graphs of y =f (x) and y = f(z). 13] \ (iv) Write down the equation of the line in which the graph of y=f (x) must be reflected in order to obtain the graph of y= f(x). Show algebraically that the solution to f(x)=7?(z) satisfies the equation x°-7x+7=0. Hence find the exact value of x that satisfies the equation £(x)=f"'(x). [3] Accurve C has parametric equations xsl, y=l+2t fort>o. @ Sketch C. 2) Gi) Find the equations of the tangent and the normal to C at the point P(p?,1+2p). 1a) (iii) The tangent and normal at P meet the y-axis at T'and WV respectively. 4] ‘The curve C has equation y= () The curve C is sealed by a factor of 3 parallel to the x-axis to get the curve C’, Given that the point (4,1) lies on C'' show that a=9, 2 For the rest of the question, use a=9. (i) Obtain the equations of the two asyimptotes of C: 2 Gii) Sketch C, stating the coordinates of any turning points and of the points where the ‘curve crosses the axes. fl (iv) Without using a calculator, find the range of values of 4 for which the line y=9x+A and C have at least one point in common. BI 2016 Ri H2 Mathematics Pretminary Examlntlon Paper 1 (Modifed)uw 2 ‘The line /; passes through the point 4, whose position vector is -i +2), and is parallel to the vector i+k. The fine f passes through the point 2, whose position vector is i+ 543k, and is parallel to the vector j+k, @) Show that the lines /; and /; are skew, 2] (i) Find the position vector of the point WV on 2 such that AN is perpendicular to /. BI ‘The plane IT contains fg and is perpendicular to AN, (ili) Find a vector equation for TI in the form r=u+ay-+fw, where v and w are perpendicular vectors, B) (iv) The point X varies in such a way that the mid-point of AX is always in TI. Show that X lies on a plane parallel to IT. [4] (@) By using the subst ition y=2uy?, find the general solution of the differential ‘equation 2 Day 43! 20, where x>0. (4) (b) A glass of water is taken from a refrigerator and placed in a room where the temperature is a constant 32°C. As the water warms up, the rate of increase of its temperature °C after ¢ minutes is proportional to the temperature difference (32-0)°C. Initially the temperature of the water is 4°C and the rate of increase of the temperature is 2°C per minute. By setting up and solving a differential equation, show that @=32—28e {6} @ Find the time, to the nearest minute, it takes the water to reach a temperature of 20°C. 1] State what happens to @ for large values oft rr Sketch a graph of @ against ¢, 2) 2016 Ri 2 Mathamatce Pretininary Examination Paper 1 (Modised)2016 RI H2 Mathematics Preliminary Examination Paper 2 (Modified) Pure Mathematies [40 Marks} 1 @ Find Jy ax . 2 o [phe ra d Vinae (© _Itis given that f(r) Show that {(r)-f(r-1)=ar?+2r, where @ is a real constant to be 442° 42 +r determined, Hence find a formula for S-r(2r? +1) (4) 2 Referred to the origin O, points A and B have position vectors a and b respectively. Point C lies on OA, botween O and A, such that OC : CA =3 :2. Point D lies on OB, between O and B, such that OD: DB=1: 4. (i) tis given that the area of triangle ABD is twice the area of triangle ABC. Find 4 4) (i) Show that the vector equation of the line BC can be written as 3 'ga+(l—s)b, where 5 is a parameter. By writing down the vector 5 equation of the line AD in a terms of a and b, the position vector of the point F where the lines BC and AD meet. BI imilar form, in terms of a parameter 7, find, in It is further given that the angle AOB is 45° and O lies on the perpendicular bisector of the line segment AB. (iii) Find the length of projection of a on b, giving your answer in terms of ||. Hence find the position vector of the foot of the perpendicular from 4 to OB. (31 2016 RI H2 Mathamatios Protininay Exeminalon Papor 2 (ostiod)3 24 ‘The diagram shows the curve with equation y=2+ » for 0S x<8. The curve x crosses the x-axis at x=2 and x=6, has a maximum fuming point at x=4, and j asymptotes at x=0 and x=8, 24 For 0x8, the region bounded by the curves with equations » ae en 2+ and 4 y=24— is donoted by s, Pa @ On the same diagram, for 0< x $8, sketch the curves with equations [24 ye and y= 2+ x(x—8)| x8" Indicate clearly on your diagram the region S,, the coordinates of the points of intersection of the two curves and the equation(s) of any asymptote(s). [3] i) Find the exact area of s, Express your answer in the form A+BIn2+Cin3+DIn7 where 4, B,C and D are constants to be determined, 15) the volume of the solid of revolution formed when $ is rotated about the a-axis through 360°, 2) 2016 RI H2 Mathomatcs Pretninary Examination Paper 2 (Modified)4A graphic caleulator is not to be used in answering this question. (@) Given that 1+-4i is a root of the equation 22° +a2* +bz-S1=0 where a and d are real numbers, find a and b. 14] For these values of a and b, solve the equation. B (b) The complex number u is given by u=cos6+isinO, where 0<9< 2, Show ‘that 1v'cosecd. Hence or otherwise find the modulus and argument of t= interms of @. 18) Statistics [60 Marks} 5 The discrete random variable Xhas probability distribution given in the table below. | x oy; il2] 4 = zl 2} 2 | [= D)P 1214 | 20 Find the exact values of E(X) and Var(X). 6 6 The random variable X is thought to have a mean of 50 but it is known that the standard deviation is 14.5. A random sample of 100 gives a mean of 52.6. Is there evidence that the population mean has increased () at 5% level of significance, (il) at 1% level of significance? Find the least value of the sample mean such that there is sufficient evidence at the 1% level of significance that the population mean has increased, giving your answer correct to | decimal place. State, giving a reason, if any assumption needs to be made about the distribution of x? 7 2016 RI H2 Mathomstes Prminary Examination Paper 2 Qed)Simon owns a diecast car display case which has 4 shelves and 8 individual compartments on each shelf. Bach of these compartments can only hold one diecast car. He arranged his collection of 32 different diecast cars in the display case. Find the number of different selections that can be made by ® w au (a) (b) taking two cars, both from the same shelf, 2 taking a total of six cars from the display case, uy ‘aking a total of six cars from the display case with at least one from each shelf. B) Sand W are independent random variables with the distributions N(20,25) and N(j4,a*) respectively. It is known that POY <10)=POF >13) and P(S>2W)=0.43, Calculate the values of 4 and o correct to three significant figures. a A small hair salon has two hairstylists Joe and Joan attending to customers Wanting an express haircut, For Joe, the time taken to attend to a customer follows « normal distribution with mean 10 minutes and standard deviation 42 seconds. For Joan, the time taken to attend to a customer follows a normal distribution with mean 10.2 minutes and standard deviation 45 seconds. (@ Find the probability that among three randomly chosen customers attended to by Joe, one tdok more than 10.5 minutes whIE TE other ‘two each took less than 10 minutes. 2] (fi) Joe and Joan each attended to two customers. Find the probability that the difference in the total time taken by Joe and Joan to attend to their two customers respectively is more than 3 minutes. State any assumption(s) that you have used in your calculation, (4) 2016 RI 2 Mathemates Protninary Examination Pape 2 (Modified)“The following table shows the marks (x) obtained in a mid-year examination and the marks () obtained in the year-end examination by a group of eight students. The year-end mark of the eighth student was accidentally deleted from the records after ‘the marks were analyzed, and this is indicated by m below. Mid-year mark(| 70 [31 | 68 [| 73 | 46 | 78 [79 [55 L wrd w Year-end mark) | 80| 39 | 70 | 80 | 48 [94 [98 | om + ond yy, Itis given that the equation of the regression line of yon x is y=12x—4. Show that m=59. (2) () Draw the scatter diagram for these values, labelling the axes clearly. Find the value of the product moment correlation coefficient between wand y. [2] (i) It is thought that a model of the form Iny'= a+b may also be a suitable fit to the data. Calculate least square estimates of a and 6 and find the value of the product moment correlation coefficient between x and In y BI Use your answers to parts (i) and (ti) to explain which of yoh2x-4 of Iny=a+bx is the better model. Hence, estimate the mark that a student who obtained a mark of 75 in the mid- ‘year examination but was absent from the year-end examination, would have ‘biained inthe year-end examination. 3] itis s 2 For events A and B, it is given that P(A) -3 and P(B)= a (@ Find the greatest and least possible values of P(A B), iP} It is given in addition that P(4'| B" 3 Gi) Find PUAN’), in} (il) Find P(AUB), RI (iv) Determine if A and B are independent events. BI) () Given another event C such that P(C) 2 PLAC) =KBNC)= ; and Pavsug=t, find PANBOC). 2) 2016 i 2 Mathematics Preiinary Examinetion Paper 2 (Moctfed)it A chocolate shop puts gift vouchers at random into 7% of all their packets of mini chocolates produced. A customer must collect 3 vouchers to exchange for a gift @ Adeline buys 8 packets of the mini chocolates. Find the probability that she gets exactly 2 gift vouchers, 2] (i) Aileon buys 31 packets of the mini chocolates. Find the probability that she is able to exchange for at least one gift. BI) (iii) Angelina and Angeline buy 60 packets of the mini chocolates altogether. Find the probability that they are able to exchange for exactly two gifts. 2 (iv) Ashley buys packets of the mini chocolates. Given that she already has 2 unused vouchers from her previous purchase, find the value of » for which the probability of her being able to exchange for exactly one gift is greatest. [3] (%) The shopkeeper observes that the number of gifts exchanged in a day has a ‘mean of 10 and variance of 25. Estimate the number of gifts the shop needs to stock if there is to be no more than a 5% chance of running out of gifts in a 40-day period, 1B) 2016 RI H2 Mathematics Primary Examination Paper 2 (odfed)RAFFLES INSTITUTION 2017 YEAR 6 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION MATHEMATICS 9758/01 PAPER 1 43 SEPTEMBER 2017 3 hours ‘Additional materials: Answer Paper List of Formulae (MF26) READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST \Write your name and CT group on all the work you hand in. \Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. ‘Answer all the questions. Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place in the case of angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question. You are expected to use an approved graphing caloulator, Unsupported answers from @ graphing calculator are allowed unless a question specifically states otherwise, ‘Where unsupported answers from a graphing calculator are not allowed in a question, you are equired to present the mathematical steps using mathematical notations and not celoulator ‘commands. ‘You are reminded cf the need for clear presentation in your answers. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. ‘The number of marks is given in brackets [] at the end of each question or part question. “This document consists of 7 printed pages and 4 blank page. RAFFLES INSTITUTION Mathematics Department eRn017 [Tum over1 2 A local wholesaler sells Pikachi plushies in two sizes, small and large. The number of Pikachi plushies bought by three particular retailers and the total amount they paid are shown in the following table. Retailer Small Large Total Amount paid “A 30 50 $1375 B k | aro c 2k k $2522 Find the price of each small and each large Pikachi phushy and determine the value of k [4] A right circular cone has base radius r cm and height hem. As r and h vary, its curved surface ares, 7-](r? +h?) em, remains constant. It is given that when r=12cm, the magnitude of the rate of change of h is 10 times the magnitude of the rate of change of r. Given also that h> 7, find the height of the cone at this instant. 4) @ ris f * 42 4 V(r) 7 (b) Use the substitution x= 2see8 to find the exact value of f ty(ot-a)ax. [4] A.curve Chas equation y= F(x), where £(x) ++, (x45 and a, bande are constants. It is given that C has a vertical asymptote x=—1 and minimum point at (0, 1). (@) Find the vatues of a, 8 and c. (4 i) Sketch the graph of y= f([x{), stating the coordinates of any point(s) of intersection with the axes and the equation(s) of any asymptote(s). 3) (iii) Hence, solve the inequality f(|x|)~4> 0. 2) H2MA 9758/2017 RI Yoor 8 Protninary Examinaion Paper 1 |et 2 xe ‘The diagram shows the curve y=f(x). The curve has maximum points at (-5, 4) and the origin, and crosses the x-axis at (—4, 0). The lines y = 0, x= —3 and y= —x +2 are the horizontal, vertical and oblique asymptotes to the curve respectively. (On separate diagrams, draw sketches of the graphs of “Fy 7 =(%), BI xed =f (2) B) labelling clearly the equation(s) of any asymptote(s), coordinates of any axial intercept(s) and turning point(s) where applicable. @ @ : 2 Given that y-=1n(i+sin2x), show that o? £2 +67 (2) =-4sin2x. dx’ de, Find the first three non-zero terms in the Maclaurin’s series for . [5] Itis given that the three terms found in part (i) are equal to the first three terms in the series expansion of ax(I-+hx)" for small x. Find the exact values of the constants a b and n and use these values to find the coefficient of x‘ in the expansion of ax(1+bx)", giving your answer as a simplified rational number. (5) [Tum over 1H MA 975872017 FI Year 6 Proirnary Examination Paperabove the eye level (sce Fig. 1). He is tr 8 Screen] RE Fig. 1 Mr Tan is planning to set up a home theatre in his spacious rectangular living room. A projector screen with height a metres is to be positioned against one of the walls b metres ing to decide on the horizontal distance between the sofa and the sereen so thatthe viewing angle a of the projection screen i as large as possible, @ i) Show that c= tan'**? tan! where x is the horizontal distance between the x x sofa and the screen in metres, oy Use differentiation to show that the value of x which gives the maximum value of a satisfies the equation ath b Fe(aeby e+e Solve for x and leave your answer in terms of a and b, [4] [It is not necessary to verify the nature of the maximum point in this part.] Mrs Tan proposed an altemative way of arrangement. She proposed to place the sofa against ‘the wall opposite the screen, which is c metres away, and to vary the vertical position of the sereen placed y metres above the eye level in order to maximise the angle a (see Fig. 2). € Fig. 2 Use differentiation to find the value of » which gives the maximum value of @, leaving your answer in terms of a, Interpret the answer in this context, (5) He MA 0758/2017 Fl Year 6 Prelinnary Examination Paper 1‘A.ourve C has parametric equations es = xesin’s, y=2eost, for 0ses% (@ Find a cartesian equation of C. 2 ‘The tangent to the curve at the point P where ¢ 4 Gili) On the same diagram, sketch C and /, stating the coordinates of the axial intercepts and the point of intersection. BI S is denoted by /. Find an equation of 2 B) ‘The region R is bounded by the curve C, the line / and the y-axis. (iv) Find the exact value of the volume of revolution formed when R is rotated completely about the x-axis. BI Do not use a ealeulator in answering this question. (a) One root of the equation z*+2z*+az*+bz+50=0, where @ and b are real, is 2a43i. (Show that a=7 and b= 30 and find the other roots of the equation, (31 (ii) Deduce the roots of the equation w* ~2iw" ~7w? +30iw +50= 0. 2) o by considering the modulus and argument of p*, find ey the exact expression for p, in cartesian form x+y. 41 {Question 10 is printed on the next page] [Tum over He MA 976872017 RI Year 6 Presiminary Examination Papor 110 6 In.a model of forest fire investigation, the proportion of the total area of the forest which has bbeen destroyed is denoted by x. The destruction rate of the fire is defined to be the rate of change of x with respect to the time 4, in hours, measured from the instant the fire is first noticed. A particular forest fire is initially noticed when 20% of the total area of the forest is destroyed. fa) (b) One model of forest fire investigation shows that the destruction rate is modelled by the differential equation ad Tt): @ Express the solution of the differential equation in the form x=(0) and sketch the part of the curve for r>.0 [6] (ii) Pind the exact time when the destruction rate is at its maximum. @ (iii) Explain briefly why this model cannot be used to estimate how long the forest has been burning when itis first noticed. a A second model for the investigation of forest fire is suggested and given by the differential equation i Sa uf 10 Determine how long the forest has been burning when the fire is first noticed. [3] HMA 9766/2017 RI Year 6Prekinary Examination Paperuw P A right opaque pyramid with square base ABCD and vertex V’is placed at ground level for a shadow display, as shown in the diagram. O is the centre of the square base ABCD, and perpendicular unit vectors i,j, k are in the directions of AB, AB and OV respectively. ‘The length of AB is 8 units and the length of OY is 2h units. ‘A point light source for this shadow display is placed at the point P(20, ~4, 0) and a screen of height 35 units is placed with its base on the ground such that the screen lies on a plane 1 with vector equation r.] 0 |=a where a <—4 (see diagram) 0 (@ Find a vector equation of the line depicting the path of the light ray from P to Vin terms of h. 2] (ii) _ Find an inequality between a and h so that the shadow of the pyramid cast on the screen will not exceed the height of the screen. BI ‘The point light source is now replaced by a parallel light source whose light rays are perpendicular to the sereen and itis also given that f= 10. (iii) Find the exact length of the shadow cast by the edge VB on the screen. 3] ‘A mirror is placed on the plane VBC to create a special effect during the display. (Gv) Find a vector equation of the plane VBC and hence find the angle of inclination made by the mirror with the ground, (4) svanvan End of Paper ssunse H2MA 975072017 RI Year 6 Pretininary Examination Paper 1RAFFLES INSTITUTION 2017 YEAR 6 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION MATHEMATICS 9758/02 PAPER 2 48 SEPTEMBER 2017 3 hours Additional materials: Answer Paper List of Formulae (MF26) READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST ‘Write your name and CT group on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. ‘You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. Answer all the questions. Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place in the case of angles in degrees, unless a different level of acouracy is specified in the question. You are expected to use an approved graphing calculator. Unsupported answers from a graphing calculator are allowed unless a question specifically states otherwise. Where unsupported answers from a graphing caloulator are not allowed in a question, you are required to present the mathematical steps using mathematical notations and not calculator commands. You are reminded of the need for clear presentation in your answers. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. ‘The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. This document consists of 6 printed pages. RAFFLES INSTITUTION Mathematics Department ‘R217 [Turn over2 Section ‘ure Mathematics [40 marks} Referred to the origin O, the points 4, B and C have position vectors a, b and e respectively such that a=2i+3j-k, b=Si-2j+3k and e=4i+j—2k. @) Given that is the mid-point of AC, use a vector product to find the exact area of triangle ABM, a Find the position veetor of the point Von the line AB such that MN is perpendicular to AB. 4) (a) (@® Show that ey 0) (ii) Hence find eae (There is no need to express your answer as a single algebraic fraction). [4] (b) Amy and her brother Ben are saving money together for their family trip. In the first week of 2017, Amy saves $25 and Ben saves $2. In each subsequent week, Amy saves $4 more than the amount she saved in the previous week, and Ben saves 22% more than the amount he saved in the previous week. @ Which is the first week in which Ben saves more than Amy in that week? [2] Gi) They need a combined total of $2400 for the trip. How many complete weeks do Amy and Ben need to save before they can achieve their targeted amount? 2] ‘The function Fis defined as follows, HN3sinxteosx, xeR, O $000, Find the value of a, correct to the nearest dollar. BI) (b) Mr Tan is self-employed and his monthly income follows a normal ‘mean $6000 and standard deviation $1000 whereas Mrs Tan works, part-time and earns a fixed amount of $1500 a month. Their family’s monthly expenditure follows a normal distribution with mean 1 dollars and standard deviation 650 dollars, (@ Te was found that 10% of the time they spend more than $5900 in a month. Find the value of 1, correct to the nearest dollar. 2 | (i)_-Mrand Mrs Tan save the remaining amount of their income after deducting their ‘expenditure every month, Find the probability that their monthly savings in August and in September differ by more than $1000. (4) State an assumption needed for your calculation in part (b)(iH), m1 He MA 97542017 Rl esr 6 Prefminary Examination Paper 2@ i) Gi) ww) o 5 Sketch a scatter diagram that might be expected when x and y are related approximately as given in each of the cases (A) and (B) below. In each case, your diagram should include 6 points, approximately equally spaced with respect to x, and with all x- and y-values positive. The letters a, 8, ¢ and d represent constants. (A) y=a-+bx?, where a is positive and b is negative, (B) y=c+d Inx, where c is positive and dis negative. 2] ‘The following table shows the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, $x, and infant mortality rate, y, for @ sample of 9 countries. ‘x(8)| 1375 | 2502 | 10569 | 2966 | 11539 | 2036 | 4260 | 1433 | 7427 y | us | 6 | 18 | 6 | 17 | 83 | 44 | 112 | 27 Draw a scatter diagram for these values, labelling the axes clearly 2 Caloulate the product moment correlation coefficient, and explain why its value does ‘not necessarily mean that a linear modet is the best model for the relationship between wand y, 2 State which of the two cases in part (i) is more appropriate for modelling the relationship between x and y. Calculate the product moment correlation coefficient and the equation of the appropriate regression line for this case, B) Use the regression line in part (iv) to find an estimate of the infant mortality rate for a country with GDP per capita of $723. Comment on the reliability of your estimate. Bl {Question 10 is printed on the next page} [Tum over ‘Ho MA sTa8/2017 RI 2G Prelivnary Examination Paper 2