CEA201
CEA201
EXECISE 1 CEA
Question 2: What are the four main components of any general-purpose computer?
+ Input/Output Unit: Input/output devices are required for users to communicate with
the computer. In simple terms, input devices bring information INTO the computer
and output devices bring information OUT of a computer system.
+ Central Processing Unit(CPU): is the principal part of any digital computer system
and is generally composed of the main memory, control unit, and arithmetic-logic
unit. It constitutes the physical heart of the entire computer system and is linked to
various peripheral equipment, including input/output devices and auxiliary storage
units. In modern computers, the CPU is contained on an integrated circuit chip called
a microprocessor.
Question 3: At the integrated circuit level, what are the three principal constituents of
a computer system?
- Capacitors: Capacitors are responsible for storing charge, and can be likened to a
water storage tank. The more water that is pumped into the tank, the more force is
required in order to add additional water (or charge, in an IC). The amount of charge
that can be stored by a capacitor is known as capacitance.
- Transistors: Transistors produce resistance in a circuit, like resistors, but the amount
of resistance they produce can be varied. Imagine a transistor as the tap at the end of
the pipe - one that you can't turn off completely, but which allows you to vary the
amount of water coming out. The only difference is that a transistor can
actually amplify the output, in addition to attenuating it. The volume control knob on a
sound system is a great example of a transistor.
- Moore’s Law principle states that since the number of transistors on a silicon
chip roughly doubles every two years, the performance and capabilities of
computers will continue to increase while the price of computers decreases. It
is a prediction made by American engineer Gordon Moore in 1965. Gordon
E. Moore predicted that components on an integrated circuit (IC) would
increase twice yearly. Moore describes that at first, it was just an observation,
an attempt to predict that this would be a way to make electronics cheaper.
However, the industries worked out on a continuous rate of improvement, and
various technology nodes come along regularly to keep up with the
advancements. Therefore, all the business players recognized that if they don’t
move that fast, they will fall behind the technology, thus pushing the growth
further and faster.