Xavier University-Ateneo de Cagayan

School of Education
ED 7 – The Teaching Profession

Facilitators: Facilitation Day/s:

Carbon, Gabriela Centina August 30, 2019
Deceda, Kyra Christianne
Paredes, Rho Jessamin
Curit, Mariel

Topic: Chapter 6: Other Education and Teacher-Related Laws

Learning Outcome:
At the end of the lesson the students will be able to:
1. Identify the basic laws on education and their implementation;
2. Recognize the rights, duties and obligations as a professional;
3. Internalized the rights, duties and obligations of the academic community
(learners, teachers, parents, non-academic staff)
Procedure:
A. Preparation Stage

 Arrangement of chairs
 Checking of attendance

B. Learning Stage:
Activity:
1. The facilitator/s will divide the class into two: Group 1 and Group 2.
2. Each group must pick a representative to answer each situation.
3. The facilitator/s will present 5 situations and the learners must be able to
explain what the person in the situation must do base on their own
experiences or learning.
4. Whichever group answers correctly gets a point.
Analysis:
1. How did you find the activity?
2. Why do you think we did that activity?
3. What have you learn?
Abstraction:
The 1987 Constitution
Article XIV – Education, Science, Technology, Arts, Culture and Sports
E D UC A TION
SECTION 1
The State shall protect and promote the right of all citizens to quality
education at all levels and shall take appropriate steps to make such
education accessible to all.
S E C T I O N 2 The State shall:
1. Establish, maintain, and support a complete, adequate, and integrated
system of education relevant to the needs of the people and society;
2. Establish and maintain a system of free public education in the
elementary and high school levels.  Without limiting the natural right of
parents to rear their children, elementary education is compulsory for all
children of school age;
3. Establish and maintain a system of scholarship grants, student loan
programs, subsidies, and other incentives which shall be available to
deserving students in both public and private schools, especially to the
underprivileged;
4. Encourage non-formal, informal, and indigenous learning systems, as well
as self-learning, independent, and out-of-school study programs
particularly those that respond to community needs; and
5. Provide adult citizens, the disabled, and out-of-school youth with training
in civics, vocational efficiency, and other skills.
SECTION 3
1. All educational institutions shall include the study of the Constitution as
part of the curricula.
2. They shall inculcate patriotism and nationalism, foster love of humanity,
respect for human rights, appreciation of the role of national heroes in the
historical development of the country, teach the rights and duties of
citizenship, strengthen ethical and spiritual values, develop moral
character and personal discipline, encourage critical and creative thinking,
broaden scientific and technological knowledge, and promote vocational
efficiency.
3. At the option expressed in writing by the parents or guardians, religion
shall be allowed to be taught to their children or wards in public
elementary and high schools within the regular class hours by instructors
designated or approved by the religious authorities of the religion to which
the children or wards belong, without additional cost to the Government.
SECTION 4
1. The State recognizes the complementary roles of public and private
institutions in the educational system and shall exercise reasonable
supervision and regulation of all educational institutions.
2. Educational institutions, other than those established by religious groups
and mission boards, shall be owned solely by citizens of the Philippines or
corporations or associations at least sixty per centum of the capital of
which is owned by such citizens.  The Congress may, however, require
 increased Filipino equity participation in all educational institutions.
The control and administration of educational institutions shall be vested
in citizens of the Philippines.
No educational institution shall be established exclusively for aliens and
no group of aliens shall comprise more than one-third of the enrollment in
any school.  The provisions of this subsection shall not apply to schools
established for foreign diplomatic personnel and their dependents and,
unless otherwise provided by law, for other foreign temporary residents.
3. All revenues and assets of non-stock, non-profit educational institutions
used actually, directly, and exclusively for educational purposes shall be
exempt from taxes and duties.  Upon the dissolution or cessation of the
corporate existence of such institutions, their assets shall be disposed of
in the manner provided by law.
Propriety educational institutions, including those cooperatively owned,
may likewise be entitled to such exemptions subject to the limitations
provided by law including restrictions on dividends and provisions for
reinvestment.
4. Subject to conditions prescribed by law, all grants, endowments,
donations, or contributions used actually, directly, and exclusively for
educational purposes shall be exempt from tax.
SECTION 5
1. The State shall take into account regional and sectoral needs and
conditions and shall encourage local planning in the development of
educational policies and programs.
2. Academic freedom shall be enjoyed in all institutions of higher learning.
3. Every citizen has a right to select a profession or course of study, subject
to fair, reasonable, and equitable admission and academic requirements.
4. The State shall enhance the right of teachers to professional
advancement.  Non-teaching academic and non-academic personnel
shall enjoy the protection of the State.
5. The State shall assign the highest budgetary priority to education and
ensure that teaching will attract and retain its rightful share of the best
available talents through adequate remuneration and other means of job
satisfaction and fulfillment.
LA N GU A GE
SECTION 6
6. The national language of the Philippines is Filipino.  As it evolves, it shall be
further developed and enriched on the basis of existing Philippine and other
languages.
7. Subject to provisions of law and as the Congress may deem appropriate, the
Government shall take steps to initiate and sustain the use of Filipino as a
medium of official communication and as language of instruction in the
educational system.
 SECTION 7
8. For purposes of communication and instruction, the official languages of the
Philippines are Filipino and, until otherwise provided by law, English.
9. The regional languages are the auxiliary official languages in the regions and
shall serve as auxiliary media of instruction therein.
10. Spanish and Arabic shall be promoted on a voluntary and optional basis.
SECTION 8
11. This Constitution shall be promulgated in Filipino and English and shall be
translated into major regional languages, Arabic, and Spanish.
SECTION 9
12. The Congress shall establish a national language commission composed of
representatives of various regions and disciplines which shall undertake,
coordinate, and promote researches for the development, propagation, and
preservation of Filipino and other languages.

S C IE N C E AN D TEC H N OLOGY
SECTION 10
13. Science and technology are essential for national development and progress.
The State shall give priority to research and development, invention,
innovation, and their utilization; and to science and technology education,
training, and services.  It shall support indigenous, appropriate, and self-
reliant scientific and technological capabilities, and their application to the
country's productive systems and national life.

SECTION 11
14. The Congress may provide for incentives, including tax deductions, to
encourage private participation in programs of basic and applied scientific
research.  Scholarships, grants-in-aid, or other forms of incentives shall be
provided to deserving science students, researchers, scientists, inventors,
technologists, and specially gifted citizens.

SECTION 12
15. The State shall regulate the transfer and promote the adaptation of
technology from all sources for the national benefit.  It shall encourage the
widest participation of private groups, local governments, and community-
based organizations in the generation and utilization of science and
technology.

SECTION 13
16. The State shall protect and secure the exclusive rights of scientists, inventors,
artists, and other gifted citizens to their intellectual property and creations,
particularly when beneficial to the people, for such period as may be provided
by law.
A R TS A ND CU LTU R E
SECTION 14
The State shall foster the preservation, enrichment, and dynamic evolution
of a Filipino national culture based on the principle of unity in diversity in a
climate of free artistic and intellectual expression.
SECTION 15
Arts and letters shall enjoy the patronage of the State.  The State shall
conserve, promote, and popularize the nation's historical and cultural
heritage and resources, as well as artistic creations.
SECTION 16
All the country's artistic and historic wealth constitutes the cultural treasure
of the nation and shall be under the protection of the State which may
regulate its disposition.
SECTION 17
The State shall recognize, respect, and protect the rights of indigenous
cultural communities to preserve and develop their cultures, traditions, and
institutions.  It shall consider these rights in the formulation of national plans
and policies.
SECTION 18
1. The State shall ensure equal access to cultural opportunities through the
educational system, public or private cultural entities, scholarships, grants
and other incentives, and community cultural centers, and other public
venues.
2. The State shall encourage and support researches and studies on the
arts and culture.

S P OR TS
SECTION 19
1. The State shall promote physical education and encourage sports
programs, league competitions, and amateur sports, including training for
international competitions, to foster self-discipline, teamwork, and
excellence for the development of a healthy and alert citizenry.
2. All educational institutions shall undertake regular sports activities
throughout the country in cooperation with athletic clubs and other
sectors.

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 4670 “THE MAGNA CARTA FOR PUBLIC SCHOOL
TEACHERS”
I. DECLARATION OF POLICY COVERAGE
Sec. 1. Declaration of Policy.
It is hereby declared to be the policy of this Act to promote and improve the social
and economic status of public school teachers, their living and working conditions,
their terms of employment and career prospects in order that they may compare
favorably with existing opportunities in other walks of life, attract and retain in the
teaching profession more people with the proper qualifications, it being recognized
that advance in education depends on the qualifications and ability of the teaching
staff and that education is an essential factor in the economic growth of the nation as
a productive investment of vital importance.
Sec. 2. Title Definition.
This Act shall be known as the "Magna Carta for Public School Teachers" and shall
apply to all public school teachers except those in the professorial staff of state
colleges and universities.

II. RECRUITMENT AND CAREER

Sec. 3. Recruitment and Qualification.
Recruitment policy with respect to the selection and appointment of teachers shall be
clearly defined by the Department of Education: Provided, however, That effective
upon the approval of this Act, the following shall constitute the minimum educational
qualifications for teacher-applicants:
(a) For teachers in the kindergarten and elementary grades, Bachelor's degree in
Elementary Education (B.S.E.ED.);
(b) For teachers of the secondary schools, Bachelor's degree in Education or its
equivalent with a major and a minor; or a Bachelor's degree in Arts or Science with
at least eighteen professional units in Education.
(c) For teachers of secondary vocational and two years technical courses, Bachelor's
degree in the field of specialization with at least eighteen professional units in
education;
(d) For teachers of courses on the collegiate level, other than vocational, master's
degree with a specific area of specialization;
Sec. 4. Probationary Period.
When recruitment takes place after adequate training and professional preparation in
any school recognized by the Government, no probationary period preceding regular
appointment shall be imposed if the teacher possesses the appropriate civil service
eligibility: 
Sec. 5. Tenure of Office.
Stability on employment and security of tenure shall be assured the teachers as
provided under existing laws.
Sec. 6. Consent for Transfer Transportation Expenses.
Except for cause and as herein otherwise provided, no teacher shall be transferred
without his consent from one station to another.
Necessary transfer expenses of the teacher and his family shall be paid for by the
Government if his transfer is finally approved.
Sec. 7. Code of Professional Conduct for Teachers.
Within six months from the approval of this Act, the Secretary of Education shall
formulate and prepare a Code of Professional Conduct for Public School Teachers.
A copy of the Code shall be furnished each teacher: 
Sec. 8. Safeguards in Disciplinary Procedure.
Every teacher shall enjoy equitable safeguards at each stage of any disciplinary
procedure and shall have:
(a) the right to be informed, in writing, of the charges;
(b) the right to full access to the evidence in the case;
(c) the right to defend himself and to be defended by a representative of his choice
and/or by his organization, adequate time being given to the teacher for the
preparation of his defense; and
(d) the right to appeal to clearly designated authorities.
No publicity shall be given to any disciplinary action being taken against a teacher
during the pendency of his case.
Sec. 9. Administrative Charges.
Administrative charges against a teacher shall be heard initially by a committee
composed of the corresponding School Superintendent of the Division or a duly
authorized representative who should at least have the rank of a division supervisor,
where the teacher belongs, as chairman, a representative of the local or, in its
absence, any existing provincial or national teacher's organization and a supervisor
of the Division, the last two to be designated by the Director of Public Schools.
Sec. 10. No Discrimination.
There shall be no discrimination whatsoever in entrance to the teaching profession,
or during its exercise, or in the termination of services, based on other than
professional consideration.
Sec. 11. Married Teachers.
Whenever possible, the proper authorities shall take all steps to enable married
couples, both of whom are public school teachers, to be employed in the same
locality.
Sec. 12. Academic Freedom.
Teachers shall enjoy academic freedom in the discharge of their professional duties,
particularly with regard to teaching and classroom methods.
III. HOURS OF WORK AND REMUNERATION
Sec. 13. Teaching Hours.
Any teacher engaged in actual classroom instruction shall not be required to render
more than six hours of actual classroom teaching a day, which shall be so scheduled
as to give him time for the preparation and correction of exercises and other work
incidental to his normal teaching duties.
Sec. 14. Additional Compensation.
Notwithstanding any provision of existing law to the contrary, co-curricular and out of
school activities and any other activities outside of what is defined as normal duties
of any teacher shall be paid an additional compensation of at least twenty-five per
cent of his regular remuneration after the teacher has completed at least six hours of
actual classroom teaching a day.
Sec. 15. Criteria for Salaries. Teacher's salaries shall correspond to the following
criteria:
(a) they shall compare favorably with those paid in other occupations requiring
equivalent or similar qualifications, training and abilities;
(b) they shall be such as to insure teachers a reasonable standard of life for
themselves and their families; and
(c) they shall be properly graded so as to recognize the fact that certain positions
require higher qualifications and greater responsibility than others
Sec. 16. Salary Scale.
Salary scales of teachers shall provide for a gradual progression from a minimum to
a maximum salary by means of regular increments, granted automatically after three
years:
Sec. 17. Equality in Salary Scales.
The salary scales of teachers whose salaries are appropriated by a city, municipal,
municipal district, or provincial government, shall not be less than those provided for
teachers of the National Government.
Sec. 18. Cost of Living Allowance.
Teacher's salaries shall, at the very least, keep pace with the rise in the cost of living
by the payment of a cost-of-living allowance which shall automatically follow changes
in a cost-of-living index.
Sec. 19. Special Hardship Allowances.
In areas in which teachers are exposed to hardship such as difficulty in commuting to
the place of work or other hazards peculiar to the place of employment, as
determined by the Secretary of Education, they shall be compensated special
hardship allowances equivalent to at least twenty-five per cent of their monthly
salary.
Sec. 20. Salaries to be paid in Legal Tender.
Salaries of teachers shall be paid in legal tender of the Philippines or its equivalent in
checks or treasury warrants.
Sec. 21. Deductions Prohibited. No person shall make any deduction whatsoever
from the salaries of teachers except under specific authority of law authorizing such
deductions.

IV. HEALTH MEASURES AND INJURY BENEFITS

Sec. 22. Medical Examination and Treatment.
Compulsory medical examination shall be provided free of charge for all teachers
before they take up teaching, and shall be repeated not less than once a year during
the teacher's professional life.
Sec. 23. Compensation for Injuries.
Teachers shall be protected against the consequences of employment injuries in
accordance with existing laws.

V. LEAVE AND RETIREMENT BENEFITS

Sec. 24. Study Leave. In addition to the leave privileges now enjoyed by teachers in
the public schools, they shall be entitled to study leave not exceeding one school
year after seven years of service. Such leave shall be granted in accordance with a
schedule set by the Department of Education. During the period of such leave, the
teachers shall be entitled to at least sixty per cent of their monthly salary:
The compensation allowed for one year study leave as herein provided shall be
subject to the condition that the teacher takes the regular study load and passes at
least seventy-five per cent of his courses. Study leave of more than one year may be
permitted by the Secretary of Education but without compensation.
Sec. 25. Indefinite Leave.
An indefinite sick leave of absence shall be granted to teachers when the nature of
the illness demands a long treatment that will exceed one year at the least.
Sec. 26. Salary Increase upon Retirement.
Public school teachers having fulfilled the age and service requirements of the
applicable retirement laws shall be given one range salary raise upon retirement,
which shall be the basis of the computation of the lump sum of the retirement pay
and the monthly benefits thereafter.

VI. TEACHER'S ORGANIZATION

Sec. 27. Freedom to Organize.
Public school teachers shall have the right to freely and without previous
authorization both to establish and to join organizations of their choosing, whether
local or national to further and defend their interests.
Sec. 28. Discrimination Against Teachers Prohibited.
The rights established in the immediately preceding Section shall be exercised
without any interference or coercion. It shall be unlawful for any person to commit
any acts of discrimination against teachers which are calculated to
(a) Make the employment of a teacher subject to the condition that he shall not join
an organization, or shall relinquish membership in an organization,
(b) to cause the dismissal of or otherwise prejudice a teacher by reason of his
membership in an organization or because of participation in organization activities
outside school hours, or with the consent of the proper school authorities, within
school hours, and (c) to prevent him from carrying out the duties laid upon him by his
position in the organization, or to penalize him for an action undertaken in that
capacity.
Sec. 29. National Teacher's Organizations.
National teachers' organizations shall be consulted in the formulation of national
educational policies and professional standards, and in the formulation of national
policies governing the social security of the teachers.

VII. ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT

Sec. 30. Rules and Regulations.
The Secretary of Education shall formulate and prepare the necessary rules and
regulations to implement the provisions of this Act. Rules and regulations issued
pursuant to this Section shall take effect thirty days after publication in a newspaper
of general circulation and by such other means as the Secretary of Education deems
reasonably sufficient to give interested parties general notice of such issuance.
Sec. 31. Budgetary Estimates.
The Secretary of Education shall submit to Congress annually the necessary
budgetary estimates to implement the provisions of the Act concerning the benefits
herein granted to public school teachers under the employ of the National
Government.
Sec. 32. Penal Provision.
A person who shall willfully interfere with, restrain or coerce any teacher in the
exercise of his rights guaranteed by this Act or who shall in any other manner
commit any act to defeat any of the provisions of this Act shall, upon conviction, be
punished by a fine of not less than one hundred pesos nor more than one thousand
pesos, or by imprisonment, in the discretion of the court.
Sec. 33. Repealing Clause.
All Acts or parts of Acts, executive orders and their implementing rules inconsistent
with the provisions of this Act are hereby repealed, amended or modified
accordingly.
Sec. 34. Separability Clause.
If any provision of this Act is declared invalid, the remainder of this Act or any
provisions not affected thereby shall remain in force and in effect.
Sec. 35. This Act shall take effect upon its approval.
Approved: June 18, 1966

BATAS PAMBANSA BLG. 232

AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF AN
INTEGRATED SYSTEM OF EDUCATION
I. GENERAL PROVISIONS
CHAPTER 1
Preliminary Matters
Section 1. Title - This Act shall be known as the "Education Act of 1982."
Section 2. Coverage - This Act shall apply to and govern both formal and non-formal
systems in public and private schools in all levels of the entire educational system.
CHAPTER 2
Declaration of Basic State Policy and Objectives
Section 3. Declaration of Basic Policy
1. To achieve and maintain an accelerating rate of economic development and social
progress;
2. To ensure the maximum participation of all the people in the attainment and
enjoyment of the benefits of such growth; and
3. To achieve and strengthen national unity and consciousness and preserve,
develop and promote desirable cultural, moral and spiritual values in a changing
world.
Section 4. Declaration of Objectives -
II. THE EDUCATIONAL COMMUNITY
CHAPTER 1
Preliminary Provisions
Section 5. Declaration of Policy and Objectives 
Section 6. Definition and Coverage –
1. "Parents" or guardians or the head of the institution or foster home which has
custody of the pupil or student.
2. "Students," or those enrolled in and who regularly attend and educational
institution of secondary or higher level of a person engaged in formal study. "Pupils,"
are those who regularly attend a school of elementary level under the supervision
and tutelage of a teacher.
3 "School personnel," or all persons working for an educational institution, which
includes the following:
4. "Schools," or institutions recognized by the State which undertake educational
operations.
Section 7. Community Participation.
Section 8. Rights of Parents -
Section 9. Right of Students in School -
Section 10. Rights of all School Personnel 
Section 11. Special Rights and/or Privileges of Teaching or Academic Staff -
Section 12. Special Rights of School Administration -
Section 13. Rights of Schools -
Section 14. Duties of Parents. -
Section 15. Duties and Responsibilities of Students -
Section 16. Teacher's Obligations -
Section 17. School Administrators' Obligations -
Section 18. Obligations of Academic Non-Teaching Personnel -
III. THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS
CHAPTER 1
Formal Education
Section 19. Declaration of Policy. - The State recognizes that formal education, or
the school system, in society's primary learning system, and therefore the main
instrument for the achievement of the country's educational goals and objectives.
Section 20. Definition - "Formal Educational" refers to the hierarchically structured
and chronologically graded learning organized and provided by the formal school
system and for which certification is required in order for the learner to progress
through the grades or move to higher levels. Formal education shall correspond to
the following levels:
Section 23. Objective of Tertiary Education. -
CHAPTER 2
Non-Education and Specialized Educational Services
Section 24. Specialized Educational Service -
CHAPTER 3
Establishment of Schools
Section 25. Establishment of Schools -
Section 26. Definition of Terms - The terms used in this Chapter are defined as
follows:
1. "Schools" are duly established institutions of learning or educational institutions.
2. "Public Schools" are educational institutions established and administered by the
government.
3. "Private Schools" are educational institutions maintained and administered by
private individuals or groups.
Section 27. Recognition of Schools -
Section 28. Effects of Recognition; Punishable Violations -
Section 29. Voluntary Accreditation -
CHAPTER 4
Internal Organization of Schools
Section 30. Organization of Schools -
Section 31. Governing Board -
Section 32. Personnel Transactions -
CHAPTER 5
School Finance and Assistance
Section 33. Declaration of Policy -
A. FUNDING OF REPUBLIC SCHOOLS
Section 34. National Funds -
Section 35. Financial Aid Assistance to Public Secondary Schools -
Section 36. Share of Local Government -
Section 37. Special Education Fund -
Section 38. Tuition and other School Fees - .
Section 39. Income from other Sources -
B. FUNDING OF PRIVATE SCHOOLS
Section 40. Funding of Private Schools -
Section 41. Government Assistance -
Section 42. Tuition and Other Fees -
Section 43. Income from Other Sources -
Section 44. Institutional Funds –
C. INCENTIVES TO EDUCATION
Section 45. Declaration of Policy 
Section 46. Relating to School Property –
Section 47. Relating to Gifts or Donations to Schools 
Section 48. Relating to Earnings from Established Scholarship Funds
Section 49. School Dispersal Program
Section 50. Conversion to Educational Foundations
D. ASSISTANCE TO STUDENTS
Section 51. Government Assistance to Students -
Section 52. Grant of Scholarship Pursuant to Existing Laws – 
Section 53. Assistance from the Private Sector 

IV. THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, CULTURE AND SPORTS

CHAPTER 1
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Section 54. Declaration of Policy 
Section 55. Organization – 
Section 56. The National Board of Education is hereby abolished, and its
appropriations, personnel, records, and equipment are hereby transferred to the
Office of the Minister of Education, Culture and Sports.
Section 57. Functions and Powers of the Ministry 
Section 58. Report to the Batasang Pambansa
CHAPTER 2
BOARD OF HIGHER EDUCATION
Section 59. Declaration of Policy -
Section 60. Organization of the Board of Higher Education
Section 61. Function of the Board of Higher Education. 
CHAPTER 3
THE BUREAUS
Section 62. Bureau of Elementary Education 
Section 63. Bureau of Secondary Education
Section 64. Bureau of Technical and Vocational Education. 
Section 65. Bureau of Higher Education 
Section 66. Bureau of Continuing Education –
CHAPTER 4
REGIONAL OFFICES
Section 67. Functions

V. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
CHAPTER 1
PENAL ADMINISTRATIVE SANCTIONS
Section 68. Penalty Clause
Section 69. Administrative Sanction 
CHAPTER 2
ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS
Section 70. Rule-making Authority 
Section 71. Separability Provision – 
Section 72. Repealing Clause 
Section 73. Effectivity
Approved, September 11, 1982.

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9155 – An Act Instituting a Framework of Governance for

Basic Education, Establishing Authority and Accountability, Renaming the
Department of Education, Culture and Sports as the Department of Education and
for Other Purposes.
Section 1. Short Title. – This Act shall be known as the “Governance of Basic
Education Act of 2001.”
Section 2. Declaration of Policy. – It is hereby declared the policy of the State to
protect and promote the right of all citizens to qualify basic education and shall take
appropriate steps to make such education accessible to all. The Department of
Education shall establish, maintain, and support a complete, adequate, and
integrated system of basic education relevant to the needs of the people and society.
It shall establish and maintain a system of free and compulsory public education in
the elementary level and free public education in high school level.
Section 3. Purposes and Objectives. – The purposes and objectives of this Act
are:
a) To provide the framework for the governance of basic education which shall
set the general directions for educational policies and standards and establish
authority, accountability and responsibility for achieving higher learning
outcomes;
b) To define the roles and responsibilities of, and to provide resources to the
regions, schools division and schools which shall implement educational
programs, projects and services in communities they serve;
c) To make schools and learning centers the most important vehicle for the
teaching and learning of national values and for developing Filipino learners,
love of country and pride in its rich heritage;
d) To ensure that schools and learning centers receive the kind of focused
attention they deserve and the kind of educational programs, projects and
services they need taking into account the interest of all the members of the
community;
e) To enable the schools and learning centers to reflect the values of the
community by allowing teachers and other staff the flexibility to serve the
needs of all learners;
f) To encourage local initiatives for the improvement of schools and learning
centers and to provide the means by which these standards may be achieved
and sustained; and
g) To establish schools and learning centers, and other school facilities where
schoolchildren are able to learn a range of core competencies prescribed for
elementary and high school programs or where the out-of school youth and
adult learners are provided alternative learning programs and receive
accreditation at least the equivalent of an elementary or a high school
education.
Section 4. Definition of Terms. – For purposes of this Act, the terms and phrases
used shall mean or be understood as follows:

a) Alternative Learning System is a parallel learning system to provide a

viable alternative to the existing formal educational instruction, it
 encompasses both the non-formal and informal sources of knowledge and
skills.
b) Basic Education is the education intended to meet basic learning needs
which lays the foundation on which subsequent learning can be based.
c) Cluster of Schools is a group of schools which are geographically
contiguous and brought together to improve the learning outcomes.
d) Formal Education is the systematic and deliberate process of hierarchically
structured and sequential learning corresponding to the general concept of
elementary and secondary level of schooling including education for those
with special needs.
e) Information Education is a lifelong process of learning by which every
person acquires and accumulates knowledge, skill, attitudes and insights
from daily experience at home, at work, at play and from life itself.
f) Integrated Schools is a school that offers a complete basic education in one
school site has unified instructional programs and under one (1) school head.
g) Learner is any individual seeking basic literacy skills and functional life skill
or support services for the improvement of the quality of his/her life.
h) Learning Facilitator. This term is being used in the existing alternative and
Equivalent Program (A & E) program.
i) Non-Formal Education is any organized systematic educational activity
carried outside the framework of the formal system to provide selected types
of learning to a segment of the population.
j) Quality Education is the appropriateness, relevance and excellence of the
education given to meet the needs and aspirations of an individual and
society.
k) School is an educational institution, private and public undertaking
educational operation with a specific age-group of pupils or students
pursuing defined studies at defined levels.
l) School Heads are persons responsible for the administrative and
instructional supervision of the school or cluster of schools.

Chapter 1: Governance of Basic Education

Section 5. Principles of Shared Governance.
i. Shared governance as a principle recognizes that every unit in the education
bureaucracy has a particular role, task, and responsibility inherent in the office
and of which it is principally accountable for outcomes.
ii. Democratic consultation shall be observed in the decision-making process
involving shared goals at appropriate levels.
iii. The principle of accountability and transparency shall be operationalized in
the performance of functions and responsibilities at all levels.
iv. The communication channels of field offices shall strengthen and facilitate
flow of information and expand linkages with other government agencies,
 local government units (LGUs) and nongovernment organizations (NGOs) for
effective governance.
Section 6. Governance. The Department of Education, Culture and Sports shall be
called the Department of Education.
Section 7. Powers, Duties and Functions. The Secretary of the Department of
Education shall exercise overall authority and supervision over the operations of the
Department.

A. NATIONAL LEVEL
In addition to his/her powers, the Secretary of the Department of Education,
hereinafter referred to as the “Secretary”, shall have the authority, accountability and
responsibility.
B. REGIONAL LEVEL
There shall be as many regional offices as many be provided by law. Each
regional office shall have a director, an assistant director and office staff for
programs promotion and support, planning, administrative, legal and fiscal services.
C. DIVISION LEVEL
A division shall consist of a province or city which shall have a schools
division superintendent. There shall be at least one assistant schools division
superintendent and office staff for programs promotion, planning, administrative,
fiscal, legal, ancillary and other support services.
D. SCHOOLS DISTRICT LEVEL
A school district shall have a school district supervisor and office staff for
program promotion.
E. SCHOOL LEVEL
There shall be a school head for all public elementary schools and public high
schools or a cluster thereof. The establishment of integrated school from existing
public elementary and public high school shall be encouraged, subject to the
guidelines that will be issued for the purposed by the Secretary of Education.
Chapter 2: TRANSFER OF CULTURAL AGENCIES
Section 8. Cultural Agencies. – The Komisyon ng Wikang Pilipino, National
Historical Institute shall now be attached to the National Commission for Culture and
the Arts (NCCA).
Chapter 3: ABOLITION OF THE BUREAU OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND
SCHOOL SPORTS
 Section 9. Abolition of BPESS. – All functions, programs and activities of
the Department of Education shall be transferred to the Philippine Sports
Commission (PSC).
Chapter 4: SUPPORT AND ASSISTANCE OF OTHER GOVERNMENT
AGENCIES
Section 10. The Secretary of Education and the Secretary of Budget and
Management.
Section 11. The Secretary of the Department of Education, subject to civil
service laws and regulations.
Section 12. The Commission on Audit

Chapter 5: FINAL PROVISIONS

Section 13. Governance in the ARMM
Section 14. Rules and Regulations
Section 15. Separability Clause
Section 16. Repealing Clause

Application:
Quiz.