Questions

Track Specialization 1
Nanotechnology
Che4204
Group 1: Nanoscale fabrication techniques
1. Top-down approach of nanoscale fabrication involves the breaking down of the
_________ into ____________.
a. organic compound, anions and cations
b. bulk material, nanosized structures
c. nanosized structures, bulk material
d. both B and C are correct
2. In this method, the powders are derived by swift cooling of the escaped vapor, making
sure the formation of a huge number of nanoparticles, then restricting their growth
and other processes.
a. ionic irradiation
b. laser pyrolysis
c. evaporation / condensation
d. plasma arcing
3. Using this method, nanopowder is produced by a form of exchange between the
release of carbon dioxide laser and the movement of reagents.
a. ionic irradiation
b. laser pyrolysis
c. evaporation / condensation
d. plasma arcing
4. To achieve a ‘matrix’ production through this method, the material can be developed
in the membrane pores of the polymer; irradiation makes the attainment of mass
possible.
a. ionic irradiation
b. laser pyrolysis
c. evaporation / condensation
d. plasma arcing
5. A chemical method commonly used for the extraction of Silica Nanoparticles from
agricultural wastes.
a. Ultrasound-Assisted Treatment
b. Microwave-Assisted Treatment
c. Coprecipitation
d. Acid treatment
6. Nanoparticles can be used as adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals in wastewater
except
a. Lead
b. Aluminum
c. Nickel
d. Cadmium
7. This method includes the growth of crystals as rapid nucleation occurs when
concentrated drug solution is added to a miscible drug antisolvent which generates
spontaneous supersaturation and produces fine milky nanoparticles in the system.
a. Solid State Transformation
b. Precipitation Technique
 c. High Pressure Homogenization
d. Pearl Milling
8. A microsuspension containing the drug and the surfactant in the aqueous phase is
passed through a thin gap at a very high speed.
a. Solid State Transformation
b. Precipitation Technique
c. High Pressure Homogenization
d. Pearl Milling
9. Nanocrystals formation by this technique involves the addition of drug, surfactant and
water into a milling chamber containing pearls.
a. Solid State Transformation
b. Precipitation Technique
c. High Pressure Homogenization
d. Pearl Milling
10. It is a method in nanofiber fabrication which involves mixing the treated samples with
sodium chlorite and acetic acid.
a. Acid hydrolysis
b. Bleaching
c. Pulping
d. Ultrasonication
11. It is a component of natural fiber that has a semicrystalline structure which is used
mainly in the manufacturing of textiles and papers.
a. Cellulose
b. Hemicellulose
c. Lignin
d. Ash
12. The following are characteristics of cellulose except:
a. Stiffness
b. Relative high strength
c. High density
d. Good thermal stability
13. Which of the following is the correct order of procedures performed by Mahardika et.
al., for the production of cellulose nanofibers?
a. Bleaching > Pulping > Acid Hydrolysis > High-shear Homogenization >
Ultrasonication
b. Pulping > Acid Hydrolysis > High-shear Homogenization > Bleaching >
Ultrasonication
c. Pulping > Bleaching > High-shear Homogenization > Acid Hydrolysis >
Ultrasonication
d. Pulping > Bleaching > Acid Hydrolysis > High-shear Homogenization >
Ultrasonication
14. This can be defined as the spontaneous and reversible organization of molecular units
into ordered structures by noncovalent interactions.
a. Molecular recognition
 b. Interactions
c. Self-assembly
d. Order
15. In __________________, molecules can be designed so that a specific configuration
or arrangement is favored due to non-covalent intermolecular forces.
a. Molecular self-assembly
b. Patterning
c. Molecular recognition
d. Interactions
16. Self-assembled structures rely on slack interactions such as _____________.
a. Covalent and ionic bonds
b. Ionic and metallic bonds
c. Van der Waals and hydrogen bonds
d. Hydrogen and covalent bonds
17. ______________ is an example of intramolecular self-assembly.
a. Formation of a micelle
b. Crystalline lattices organization
c. Protein folding
d. Biomolecular condensate
18. _____________ method requires an ionized state of gas atoms, for which high energy
is necessary to peel off the electron from its valence shell to obtain a positively
charged atom.
a. Chemical Vapor Deposition
b. Sol-Gel Synthesis
c. Plasma Arcing
d. Molecular Beam Epitaxy
19. ______________ is a process in which atoms or molecules assemble together in
equilibrium conditions to form a stable and well-defined nanophase by non-covalent
bonds.
a. DNA Nanotechnology
b. Molecular Beam Epitaxy
c. Molecular Self-Assembly
d. Chemical Vapor Deposition
20. In this method, dispersed solid nanoparticles (sols) are mixed in a homogeneous
liquid medium and agglomerated to form a continuous three-dimensional network
(gel) with pore diameter in the sub-micrometer domain in the liquid phase.
a. Plasma Arcing
b. Molecular Beam Epitaxy
c. Sol-Gel Synthesis
d. Chemical Vapor Deposition
Group 2: Nanomesurements and characterization tools
1. It projects and scans a focused stream of electrons over a surface to create an image.
a. SEM
b. FTIR
c. TEM
d. EDX
2. What type of technique is FTIR spectroscopy?
a. A dispersive technique
b. An emission technique
c. An absorbance technique
d. A UV-Vis technique
e. A reflectance technique
3. What are the selection rules for FTIR absorption?
a. Absorption only occurs for symmetrical molecules
b. Absorption only occurs with a dipole change
c. Absorption requires an odd vibrational quantum number
d. Absorption requires promotion to a new quantum level
4. The following are the spatial variations in chemical compositions shown by SEM
EXCEPT:
a. elemental maps or spot chemical analyses
b. discrimination of phases based on mean atomic number
c. chemical bonds in a molecule by producing an infrared absorption spectrum
d. .compositional maps based on differences in trace element “activitors"
5. Which of the following is not an application of EDX?
a. Cause Identification
b. Size Identification
c. Defect Analysis
d. Elemental Distribution
6. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy is equipment that is commonly attached to
electron microscopic equipment. Which of the following laboratory equipment can be
used to attach the energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy?
a. TEM
b. SEM
c. FTIR
d. AFM
7. SEM can accomplish precise measurement of very small features and objects of what
size?
a. 10 nm
b. 50 nm
c. 0.5 nm
d. 15 nm
8. How is the wavelength controlled in an FTIR spectrometer?
a. By a Michelson Interferometer
b. By a computer
 c. By a laser
d. By calibration with a standard sample
9. What is the main use of energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy?
a. To identify the cause and effect of the sample
b. To identify the elemental composition of the sample
c. To identify the size in nanoscale of the sample
d. To identify the critical point in terms of temperature of the sample.
10. The following are limitations of SEM except:
a. Samples must be solid and they must fit into the microscope chamber.
b. Many applications require minimal sample preparation.
c. Most instrument samples must be stable in a vacuum on the order of 10-5 -
10-6 torr.
d. EDS detectors on SEM cannot detect very light elements (H, He, and Li).
11. Enumerate the four components of a transmission electron microscope (TEM). (2pts)
12. In ________________, the electrons from a source such as an electron gun enter the
sample, are scattered as they pass through it, are focused by an objective lens, are
amplified by a magnifying (projector) lens, and finally produce the desired image, in
the manner reading from left to right.
a. Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
b. X-Ray spectroscopy
c. Optical Transmission
d. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
13. Who are the two Physics Nobel Prize winners in 1915 that led the way in the
invention of X-ray spectroscopy?
14. It is the type of X-ray spectroscopy that detects X-rays of a single wavelength
diffracted by a crystal.
15. It measures the X-ray radiation emitted by electrons stimulated by a high-energy
source of charged particles.
16. It is a measure of what proportion of light is transmitted through a turbid medium.
a. Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
b. X-Ray spectroscopy
c. Optical Transmission
d. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
17. It is the type of detection where the optical power is converted into an electrical
current directly using a semiconductor photodetector.
a. Direct detection
b. Coherent receivers
c. Directed point-to-point channels
d. Diffuse optical channels
18. It is the type of detection where the optical field can be sensed by mixing the received
signal with an optical signal generated locally
a. Direct detection
b. Coherent receivers
c. Directed point-to-point channels
 d. Diffuse optical channels
19. It resembles classical wireless links where the optical source sends a broad beam
meant to illuminate an entire area.
a. Direct detection
b. Coherent receivers
c. Directed point-to-point channels
d. Diffuse optical channels
Group 3: Nanomaterials

1. A device that can transmit data and information about the behavior and properties of
particles at the nanoscale level to the macroscopic level.
a. Nanotechnology
b. Nanosensor
c. Nanometer
d. Nanofibers

2. Emerging nanomaterials are available for customizing both electrochemical and

optical (bio)sensors, with properties such:
a. low electrical conductivity, good mechanical features and strong absorption
bands
b. good mechanical features, low electrical conductivity and weak absorption
bands
c. strong absorption bands, high electrical conductivity and basic mechanical
features
d. strong absorption bands, high electrical conductivity and good mechanical
features

3. It is a nanosensor in which an electrode acts as a transducer element when an analyte

is present.
a. Electrochemical Nanosensor
b. Optical Nanosensor
c. Nanosensors
d. Magnetic Nanosensor

4. It is a tiny particle with a size between 1 and 1000 nm with the capability to contain or
even have active substances surface-adsorbed onto the polymeric core.
a. Nanomaterials
b. Metallic Nanoparticles
c. Polymeric Nanomaterials
d. Carbon-based Nanomaterials

5. It is an application of nanosensor that can detect minute traces of chemicals and can
be used to identify explosive compounds, including improvised explosive devices
(IEDs).
a. Detection of Pollutants and Toxins
b. Detection of Explosives and Chemical Weapons
c. Homeland Security and Border Protection
d. Detection of Foodborne Pathogens and Contaminants
6. It is an application of nanosensors that can detect illegal drugs, explosives, and other
contraband.
a. Detection of Pollutants and Toxins
b. Detection of Explosives and Chemical Weapons
c. Homeland Security and Border Protection
d. Detection of Foodborne Pathogens and Contaminants

7. It is the basic information unit in quantum calculations which can be either up or

down and is comparable to the 0 or 1 bit in a classical computer system.
a. Spin Direction
b. Gene Editing
c. Quantum Computing
d. Artificial Intelligence

8. Nanosensors' small size and susceptibility to various synthesis techniques, which

increases the _________ challenges to overcome.
a. Technological
b. Biological
c. Environmental
d. Medical

9. What is the advancement in gene editing with the help of nanotechnology?

a. Lightweight solar sails and a cable for the space elevator.
b. The ability to process data with a bit value between 0 and 1.
c. Better patient data collection and enhanced nanomaterial design.
d. Improved the transformation efficiency for both temporary (transient) and
permanent (stable) genetic alterations in a variety of plant species.

10. The following are some of the possible significant applications of nanosensors except:
a. Tracking water, soil and environmental changes
b. Identify large particles
c. Transmit nanoparticles information
d. Detect infections to avoid food contamination

11. It is a combination of two or more different materials that are mixed in an effort to
blend the best properties of both.
a. Composite
b. Polymer
c. Nanocomposite
d. Nanopolymer

12. These are all applications of nanocomposites except:

a. Lightweight materials for less fuel consumption.
b. abrasion and wear applications.
 c. marine application.
d. food supplements.

13. Nanoclays, nanolayers, graphene, MXenes, metal-organic frameworks are examples

of this type of dimensional nanomaterial.
a. 0D
b. 1D
c. 2D
d. 3D

14. Which of the following is NOT a type of non-polymer based nanocomposite?

a. Organic Polymer
b. Metal Nanocomposite
c. Ceramic Nanocomposite
d. Ceramic-Ceramic nanocomposite

15. These are some of the representative examples of naturally-occurring nanoparticles in

the environment EXCEPT:
a. Iron Oxides
b. Silver
c. Nylon
d. Gold

16. What is the chemical formula for fullerene?

a. C6H6O2
b. C12H22O11
c. C60
d. C6H6

17. Prevent the diffusion of oxygen or flavorings and thus prolong the shelf life of foods.
a. Polyethylene
b. EDTA
c. Polypropylene
d. Polyester

18. The properties of nanomaterials are different significantly compared to bulk materials
because of:
a. Increased relative surface area
b. Decreased relative surface area
c. Increased lattice parameters
d. Decreased melting temperatures

19. It is a process in which several molecules join together to form a giant molecule
during the reaction.
 a. Polymerization
b. Photosynthesis
c. Sol-gel process
d. none of the above
20. A polymer that can be softened through heating before being processed and then left
to cool and harden.
a. Thermoplastics
b. Thermosets
c. Elastomers
d. Copolymers
Group 4: Application of nanotechnology
1. The antimicrobial properties of nanomaterials enable them to preserve food during
storage and transport.
a. True
b. False
2. A nanomaterial can detect pathogenic bacteria, food-contaminating toxins,
adulterants, vitamins, dyes, fertilizers, pesticides, taste and smell.
a. Nanolithography
b. Nanosensors
c. Nanocomposites
d. Nanorods
3. Statement A: Cleaning and disinfecting biofilms on surfaces is difficult to achieve as
biofilms are not resistant to most disinfecting agents.
Statement B: Nano-coatings such as nanoscale silver, TiO2, and CaO are used as
disinfecting agents for surfaces in the food industry.
a. Both statements are correct.
b. Both statements are incorrect.
c. Statement A is correct, and B is incorrect.
d. Statement A is incorrect, and B is correct.
4. Nanotechnology was used in developing nanoscale ingredients to improve the
following, except:
a. Size
b. Color
c. Texture
d. Flavor
5. Statement A: Nanomaterials used for food packaging provide improved mechanical
barriers.
Statement B: Food packaging employing nanomaterials cannot detect microbial
contamination.
a. Both statements are correct.
b. Both statements are incorrect.
c. Statement A is correct, and B is incorrect.
d. Statement A is incorrect, and B is correct.
6. In the application of nanotechnology in food, which is NOT included for the benefits
of nanotechnology in nutrients and health supplements?
a. Vitamins
b. Antimicrobials
c. Volume enhancing
d. Antioxidants
7. Enumerate at least 2 medical applications of nanotechnology (2 pts.)
8. This was discovered by Paul Ehrlich and Edwin Goldman in the 19th century.
9. The tight epithelial barrier is highly lipophilic.
a. True
b. False
10. It is a widely used model protein that is encapsulated sing polyanion
tripolyphosphate(TPP) as the coacervation cross-link agent to form chitosan
nanoparticles.
a. Insulin Pumps
b. Bovine serum albumin (BSA)
c. Zinc Insulin
d. Blood-Brain Barrier
11. The goal of nanotechnology in medicine is to design diagnostic tools and engineer
structures for highly specific and precise treatments of disease and repair of tissues.
a. True
b. False
12. It is a semiconductor nanostructure that is very small along all three spatial
dimensions and generally has a diameter that is less than 10 nm.
a. Bohr radius
b. Photonic Crystals
c. Quantum dots
d. Surface plasmons
13. This refers to a change in the wavefront at an interface between two material media in
which the incident wave is directed back into the medium of its origin.
a. Refraction
b. Reflection
c. Diffraction
d. Transmission
14. It consists of working enzymes, nucleotides, or biomolecules tethered to a detector
surface.
a. Mass Sensors
b. Electrochemical Sensors
c. Optical Sensors
d. Biosensors
15. The following are samples for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
EXCEPT:
a. Persistent pesticides
b. Herbicides
c. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
d. Heavy metals
16. It uses nanoscale mechanical, electrical, optical, and magnetic effects in biological
systems to create new types of devices and applications which are beyond the scope
of molecular biology and biochemistry-based biotechnologies.
a. Nanobiotechnology
b. Biomolecular Nanotechnology
c. Bio-Nanotechnology
d. Biomedical Nanotechnology
17. These are known as centers of electric potential derived from chemical energy that
provide static charge potential, or electromagnetic force, required to power devices.
 a. Transistors
b. Batteries
c. Resistors
d. Electric Cells
18. Researchers at the University of Central Florida have demonstrated the use of a
nanostructured thin film of _________ as a catalyst for the electrolysis of hydrogen
from seawater.
a. NiSe
b. Ag2Se
c. NiBr2
d. CuBr
19. This involves both atomic and macroscopic features such as compass needle and the
geomagnetic field, but it cannot be reduced to a superposition of these two limits.
a. Nanostructuring
b. Nanomagnetism
c. Spintronics
d. Nanoindentation
Group 5: Nanomaterials in the environment
1. Constructed from nanomaterials such as porous silicon, which are used to detect
chemical and biological reactions.
a. Nanosensors
b. Biosensor
c. Biodetector
d. No answer
2. Nanoparticles are used in modern car tyre materials for reinforcement. They reduce
rolling resistance and thus help achieve fuel savings of up to 10%.
a. Silicon dioxide and carbon black
b. WD40
c. Rubberized Nanoparticle
d. Silicon tyre particles
3. Small particles made of aggregated molecules or polymers.
a. Inorganic nanoparticle
b. Organic nanoparticles
c. Nanoparticles
d. Nanobots
4. TRUE OR FALSE. The nano materials are used in the light emitted electro
luminescence devices.
5. It is the appropriate approach to analyze and evaluate the sustainable benefits,
ecological advantages of environmental impact of a product, a process or an
application over its entire lifespan.
a. Life Cycle Evaluation
b. Life Cycle Analysis
c. Life Cycle Assessment
d. Life Cycle Benefits
6. A massively parallel array of nanoscale sensor elements could be used in two
distinctly different modes.
7. It is a common feedstock chemical, and has been widely used as a dry cleansing
chemical and also in a variety of industrial products including solvent, adhesive,
paints, and pigments?
8. This is the process of examination of nature, models, systems, properties, and
elements to emulate or take inspiration from in order to solve human problems.
9. High tensile strength is a type of biomimetic material, where does scientist took this
inspiration from?
a. Wood, ligaments and bones
b. Butterfly wings
c. Spider silks
d. Shark skin
10. What were the initial suggestions of Anton Haase in 1900, about gecko’s sticky feet?
a. Suction
b. Shear forces
c. Friction and glue
 d. Intermolecular forces
11. Lotus is a superhydrophobic material, this is because of microstructure on the leaf
surface called papillose epidermal cells covered with what type of nanostructural
wax?
a. Paraffin wax
b. Epicuticular wax
c. Castor wax
d. Carnauba wax
12. What is the measure of Nanometer
a. 1 billionth of a meter
b. 1 millionth of a meter
c. 2 billionth of a meter
d. 1 thousandth of a meter
13. What is nanomaterial?
a. The branch of technology that deals with dimensions and tolerances of less
than 100 nano-meters, especially the manipulation of individual atoms and
molecules.
b. Usually considered to be materials with at least one external dimension that
measures 100 nanometres or less or with internal structures measuring 100 nm
or less. They may be in the form of particles, tubes, rods or fibres.
c. The study of the environment, and the solution of environmental problems.
d. The discipline that applies engineering, physics, engineering mathematics, and
materials science principles to design, analyze, manufacture, and
maintain mechanical systems
14. Which is not an application of nanomaterial in the environment?
a. Reducing the use of plastics and replacing plastics with biodegradable
materials.
b. Reducing hazardous chemicals
c. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
d. None of the above
15. Which of the following statements is true about the effect of nanomaterial in the
environment?
a. Nanomaterials reaching in the land have the potential to contaminate soil.
b. Particles in solid wastes, wastewater effluents, direct discharges, or accidental
spillages can be transported to aquatic systems by wind or rainwater runoff.
c. Nanomaterials affect the environment through intentional/unintentional
releases such as atmospheric emissions and solid or liquid waste streams from
production facilities.
d. All of the statements are true.
16. In what way do nanomaterials affect our biodiversity and the ecosystem?
a. High pH level
b. Organic contamination
c. Food chain poisoning
d. All of the above
17-18. Differentiate nanomaterials and nanoparticles in terms of their sizes.
19-20. Do nanomaterials exist in nature? If so, give some examples.
Answer Key
Track Specialization 1
Nanotechnology
Che4204
Group 1: Nanoscale fabrication techniques
1. B
2. C
3. B
4. A
5. D
6. B
7. B
8. C
9. D
10. B
11. A
12. C
13. D
14. C
15. C
16. C
17. C
18. C
19. C
20. C

Group 2: Nanomesurements and characterization tools

1. A
2. C
3. B
4. C
5. B
6. B
7. B
8. C
9. B
10. B
11. (2pts) electron optical column, necessary electronics, vacuum system, control
software
12. A
13. William Lawrence Bragg and William Henry Bragg
14. WDXS / WAVELENGTH- DISPERSIVE X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY
15. EDXS/ ENERGY-DISPERSIVE X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY
16. C
17. A
18. B
19. D
Group 3: Nanomaterials
1. B
2. D
3. A
4. C
5. B
6. C
7. A
8. A
9. D
10. B
11. A
12. D
13. C
14. A
15. C
16. C
17. B
18. A
19. A
20. A

Group 4: Application of nanotechnology

1. A
2. B
3. B
4. A
5. C
6. C
7. (2pts.) Possible Answers:
a. Nanoparticles (NP) for Medical Imaging
b. NP for Targeting Cancer Cells
c. Nanoencapsulation (NE) for Drug Delivery to Tumors
d. NP for Penetration of the Blood-Brain Barrier
e. NP and NE for Insulin Delivery
f. NP for Protection of Implants from the Immune System
g. Neuroprosthetics
8. Blood-Brain Barrier
9. True
10. B
11. True
12. C
13. B
14. D
 15. D
16. A
17. B
18. A
19. B

Group 5: Nanomaterials in the environment

1. A
2. A
3. B
4. True
5. C
6. Sensory Array
7. Trichloroethylene (TCE)
8. Biomimicry
9. C
10. D
11. B
12. A
13. B
14. D
15. D
16. D
17. - 18. (2pts) Nanomaterials deal with sizes of 100 nanometer to 999 nanometers in at
least one dimension. On the other hand, nanoparticles are sub-classification of
ultrafine particles with lengths in two or three dimensions greater than 1 nanometer
and smaller than about 100 nanometers.
19 - 20. (2pts)(Answers may vary.)