Atomic Structure INORGANIC
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SOURAV KUMAR PANDAAtomic Structure INORGANIC
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SOURAV KUMAR PANDA]
9 eat gaia tees pre cahapaa peer,
‘Schrodinger wave equation for hydrogen atom
one oye a kag + Zeca ont hs
tial ex fhe econ V «12h k= HP Na Tse ee
we toner loin fam aca measts
Ze ioe
aa
{For eon, constant
1s the Scvinger wate uti fr ge om.
‘Siguiiance of Scroinger wave equation (igen fbtn Figen Vales ee)
1. Figen ales ad eign fcins, Steger ave enix od er eel
go: So thas many sltes eV. Mayo hem aga aan pas Oy
se of wl be sigticat which i te ligne
(0) The wave fant mt ons,
(i) Teen ste sige aed Le ata pe i hee a severe mele
te amie,
“a 40 a
iy BE, A gg eb ais ny a = ee
(i AE at ropes
(To probity of dig an eon rnd ce) vel te ce pl ity
ns intinty mast bea ca
Toe Fev ant
‘in WE ene te phy fing cen api See are cit
‘Plait have cena te on cr dete ge eee
“aia ver a pn a) oy dstnng pope as el as Ee
‘ee eganon Ech be soe eve es hs cep ey Ey Eyl cl
ra
Foran ao tes Een i oon cic of een: sy Ba
Toxo crepe cork rpc fiero
2g aon cen ype of yg en ide tn es
‘ons ae mtn ae 8 :
“Thus, Le, Peal eacry. PE oe ecton = == eit
sein «= fran nO
ev titled) nl [MODERN COLLEUE Crema ny SEM.
o in ved gives
sien tng eosin regen an Ts pan ten he
= et
Be
ee ia gen aoe
Fee EW,
eet ecay of ean
Eye re teceore 6
Teseesete gsi Br
SSS casa wes woe
perenne Te a
35 Lad enn eure Win Songer we eon ed
oat SST ge ued os de cota mt He) ee
ee A SSS tn fn for aera st mF and 6 mp
SULA Si pce on ral ina top a
Stname rev ssa le one ce foe
pest euttetrpl ie nay bine inepal a OW n=
Deol n+ an 21+ 1h te bes ee
(i) Vaeset may fon f+
These res nd om ae ii) ary Bese eed fa SS
“Che ocala fe phi ign cern rand ses in ieee
[ttn basa teh tens ene oe pests ce fr be
vcr etintn hs teqos) we ecg on i ony enh
Una of Seagrave eatin Th pce be sty rot sian
svemiar ingens bung ar ats Oe Lea.
Slane ey.) Bes ee fren tn me Sg ae cu,
(hep anf al deer sind er i ies en,
{Grtsrstpe vee mae citer of Alo may ebe pie
Tespbcr etc Wa ines EGE fn To cn fe cok
‘shea ng Eth tes Rs ns ald En vas
; ct ce surf ape Fr it as pen ey fh
(torre oie ny ef essay te a epee el
ing see pei neg) eet os ae 7 "
ured se ot
ec BDI pin on ie fein rece anti ent ont oi
step nana ay tents fe loo Boe!
Ulett ea ces cone nsach asa cones cnate of #
+O) 0-Wee-PPoe THe,
Neier hasan) il ican a =
ns ey nt sae "rie thapysc sit
1), sua of amp (san pam
en "ied iess of tt wane est
ew ll wave Eh snd mater else! |
iron STRUCTURE
ga
nnn aca see's emery
ag wanes
pees
orTaseremie tay tee
SSRs
NORMAL WAVE FUNCTIONS.
We cin woe am tl pablo ain ec oer wae
neq ty Le ne ae ale mad wane cs
‘Maem, ewe nce tide nomad
Sie est positon ofa wae park an
ei) tpi yu ae pti
esl erected at rn
{7 era ate simi
J ware tutes Wie) or
nee = obi ine ene ed
1, mt petit fr mid io oe eye
Sie Woe propertns ds mt qed wd (pb awl wave
funn W has te mie Sone Coal eae sein nan og Wate
{item geste pay By th secen fpr abc N-N shored,
NON) Ae ar MT oe fide
“The shone gen wed eau N nh aes we Wma, MP ed oa
eaten
JS NM d= oe
ORTHOGONAL WAVE FUNCTIONS
rel tc in into oe cin
hacen nt ara een
SHES ia ceca alan toe
Sui cnmas rece
Tce pm Ye tof fhe
sgt em
rere faa
coer at ccna tne.
etree lente mint
om es Et Saxe ne teeta
Peet
Neo) de=t or eH aa
dates Puen
ow weyan0
oT wttessaatt fe
wea capi f 8
venti wich eh oboe a nn we cle tional mes WoDERN COLLEGE CHEMISTRY Sehr
a
5
xo ANGULAR WAVE FUNCTIO
EON A A inecuensienrer coma aL
7 ae sansa
“
ar tae
eae sly ining wins 8
anspor eon
Senora iaomeng
fe med w cove cnn canis ato ta
nia op
“Tet png oat yn at
nrc bag ee
“hea SoOW sro Osah OLeAN=rsne
yootcUk Ota grab ang
SOK 2Obonparindong
Ts, een (1 oe ie a ems pla
Fig, 135, Cotton beeen
Pele aronntes 9) an
Ente Comets Go
pete. 1
jvm)
ag tite ele puna
‘oem i ests mm
‘Here, m = ms of electron, m, n
snl tein che ten W089 tno cane We
Wonks cane Wr 8. he sn wrt fiws
Sates tar on hn
sca nara cin 9
jan ara
1g ee enna ea
voltae ee Sr sears
(6) conc ¢ whe agate,
coma hee se aa eat I sient of a
“RetuctiRjatwran ena
Soot
anglar wave enctan "8 = il be anton (0) an (pa haown
Te noretrapwtnene
STEELE O80 mnt
OEP SEY Bata
pom smucTNe on
Tiscali d
thin!) 8 pa a0
-Thieoatn sani of ony and when sd ges
oe nometema states an
alee ne Site
ear errata fantce (genio pal qaztom nate nds
ao
SSPE ana mane Te mg wan 9) enn mae a
ate tr rm eh
Sacra tenon a
a dan aermned by ron mrs apm ele angela wat ue He
rece uae tmenaqma nates nite
rile Maret aS hn
cere aa atc tent
ohana a wie hr me
ao oe
Sena peer prea
» aye [ay | =| SEY Eel oe
>|] |e oe
ay ae
(Zhrm [osee | ae] eet | ld ber MODERW COLLEGE Cvehas ny
td $6 oH 0 in fmt
i)
sn,
ng
ee
ofa mal oife
sede il so de
ui For idol of mh pe 9, 56 70 ie ie oe of tng,
oth lis 5
ngewe ail
efi n= [= wes Ts ti = 2
ins pone QT =O): er =
argo me 3-120),
Fm yon co fn 2 bin epi ao, find dha
arabe ey ih pity fag net ot ats aa
‘etm ro emne ve iy Spee al ebbing
daca egal =
Radial Probability Distribution Curves
Ine isan com oral py.
ss say the pce sn se en's
Teper of wcrc ies 2
let hes fe einen oe
shen hee (ba 3a) eee
Lata = ole pce ey teen Pad?
coupe tig OD
Rl py he al poate of ain se
‘cro natal even eres ea fe
vont STRUCTURE
07a weg to
tr r= sc of cet ag fom ele.
“hos hell oy cn fected yng ph bee
neon in 8 Sach pe ald ad bin carve ral probly
eso a ail hg dy cre Ts cre ancy toe sho
ey doy of cn ar
“Fecal probity dabeton cane fe
cre pest Tran peta a wa
Fe ell ebb sn S07 se
oot owe cars est and ts
a eer Anse es
(ip befor Roms ries.
‘Feces bie in 128 eb of
pate eatugh ear Ri mie Ge i 120 et te
ns nttSetctee trata Sey :
7 10) Whea ris very large, altiough the fcte 407? is very lez, yet the probability factor R? is
ei Ta ea ey cegy a en i e ae.
1.24, Radial probation
See tae tone
Pie Ts
"tr df snl cae Matematealy
Rada poabiiy = Probab deity» Veta ta =
ar oa the oe af ral sel beten ees a
‘ole fii sh cnt cee on ons
Ett? 420643 ie haa
(oan aj se sey al
tal prety dition nen py fai nel wein saa
era
a bnend hae baie sa xeesde oP)
lc bpent yon py swell (ya ae
inn HONEY dey AP} Ir pated span
th ice pe ce ssn ef
pra pot det ad ye ose eg
ieee erin
Simi re py ag See le
cr Snap a
4 i | > Fi
aye a) y / \ 4 \
rn. 1.25: had robb io res Yr 2s, 36 99 nd 34 ates,
sierra 0.9.80.)
ocean Sy ar we 2
gains tn aria S| |
een Enemas orecete |g]
oe A ee Gaate tex ee pee |) omen
STS ol wt eth en
SE Se aptamer
SON Siedatelano atom e ee
“pore even i
ome cve oma | nig a al mea
‘neon ss
(uo te caves sat to ODEN COLLEGE CheMasray
ance ie Hg
B a
i ease ach
“ie iar de xe whe 4 ig
py nef
ete pane ver te ahs
ine
ein 45) thy 128) Tada ame aes at,
oan (ka at
oboe ihe pay aap whe the
neta as Te oe sential al ty
econ at a ee aetna
Jn rn ily ad as A lw iy
ih ey a ee D
or ny ss a
(0 tet eal een
‘tae retin pony a oc tt aged
‘ihelcleunectial ual te fqn sanded Het sa oe
rec Oih hihesat ¥ th The sage oe nse a
secaninyinarekin ving Ye a
ao mg
Pcl
fn One (2
in er ope Teena
‘ar
=n! = 0. The came wae ft cn be
ieronte STAUCTURE
shape a para pti
nOvats-feonee [3
Sines fact ive we ac Wen his fan 9
gt ii pe tial na ea
ane, comeing
= m0 om i145)
tinder 9 =F e148)
na aceasta dmb shape
ef, 12) 9, lepers
ie yran cr eave reste
ere
ee. L19)
Sct sono ile ware fncton When swe
or dimen i gmat One sap
fh ya ci ei. 9 il pst wep
‘epoca apse
Inarder opt mor enc sapes fa, he wae ferton
tus hee Testa 2p. an pe adel oe he
“pop
he mer ef ral woes Fr 2p. 3p noha ae 0. on and
‘wo pect.) bau th amber af meer ea Yo le
a
oFoe-rek
ee
2m oon cot
re 398 ee apes of 2pm 35 and 49a]
Sich ane daft
2. solr dentin. B - MODERN COLLEGE CHENtStRy
1 Bx memee 7
HO sa1 844249 -(Bxs spe ose Te i of eo
° egrets
Sct one dae fino vais tis cd de tn ae ey Hen wil ane
62 40519420410.) = EZ indomsngs [x He anges ett
‘Siete above d wave ection vrs tical fein. oe ie hpe af Sy eal
im geanerreeta-figateaienfirwtaceniey — Cineiii seas
= fF oat sta ect atieee
Sheet tore dave Fncton vices? 7 iis alld da. fetion 2s ‘
{op To space supe yal se han ic access ce an a
0) Wars On z
a 7 sect ig 139)
) Lege ERT ERETETTES
| fate ieiseaica mre enna gaz
fe) ee Saas et area
|, omumnargam nt td ci
‘ert tit net se pl neil ce we poe
ESS
Qe qQ
| + St % +
| Srareeivemb ton: “SEE eresenaer ee
d.s-orbital The DSP, Sat Se G39 24 fg cabins are shown in fg. 1.34,
stn ces oye ad ts eae geome sg. Te peoetie gn oft dmb tapeagen | ‘Uta tame as rel ce ex ng =a
| Stoner ane nica span eae ee goer cept
ances anya mn | Sia tin Fo: ee a i ae
Seeman inne Sie es |S ete ch
‘Smtdetien tears arvana || Besse nt rare ee
, Se eette mts Tenis | Os as atl gra en a ae mel
mod Mf palette agents eesoayaa, |S eat nl en pss
‘Mai priv tes yap | Se Ot een ta
|
——— F
MODERN COLLEGE cvewisray.
(9 Two fats oss ol panes sept by 6. “eH
(ayo fra hve tee my penal suis.
(aT foal coe ad oe pla si ah
IDEA OF WAVE MECHANICAL CONCEPT OF ATOMIC ORBTTajs
Acscg wave meal cnet an catia oc Roving
swear oy fn th ne Te vee of else est fle
teyset ptt completo Hower he ian bby of ie
‘den es a sf O50 A fom ae (13), seer
‘es ye mina poy of css elt st get
‘hea fm Ge ale. Ths, crip we mean ma
|. Anette sce ind he mcs in ie it of ding
tere eh
2 An soi ia ee cn wa facto (8.9) which
‘ater fncce of tre cordate ofthe es (8.9 cat be
‘ard in ee pars eh wich aon loca
PEAD=RO’OY)
tos RO) the ral ft
fr enact (al
ch se ee oti on de rate ko,
Sgt © ae ep ini mee pn oe
‘Sever cio ees pen te gu umber nan hag wave
re ac et re a Lite ang wane aon © ()
oo
(ron STRUCTURE ay
in Ween aoa ystalien opal ina upto de fll ees nse
[attest ncompensestn da ema eS) ei ropee
rm toe fie snc of ps ws cae ate nt be mee sl ee)
“hn te som Ths ergy cage ely poe Daa eae ea Cet
ae is) wch a ston ca od fan wm To onion af ahve it wat
a on th sls of wave goon Pon and eer ae Te aio of ane
al ede uma oi ane
Ai Amal orang ti or bay a amb 2
iy Mopac nh The fo gun ani 1 gt mabe 0 ch
lie mwas mechan io fm el ee a
“thee qutum mes ret cst bch are ted ose Seeding Ne ge
ans ae obi ert of sami mo Le Sar shape neon df ela
ra rc an stp uel uc emry ve vee The
oe ara ens oe ba) sss ne a vee eS
“Te leant spss of he far quant numbers ae ge teow i
pial or Kai Quant mercer by Bb es tom eal pa
Lene Mgnecds present ofc ee we
aaa isha ay ponte wil rah aa elon eat 2.3 ==
‘ae dibs hele paca guton nancy Bat
rcp gant mbes) Tease epens ets wi
Iafematos shen by
seselnontty ogi ch KL MLN De : :
Vee retina sears en N
a mene pete ce ote
ates am ape es fom eas shen
Src ca cue et
Lowe psn it te es
iy ao eins nee te casein
oebyge ie pn i ey
eine
nese svete
soe make ms ad ng eel rect. MBE
Nhe 2 rb ag cosa eed re
n'ont lhe ur a SHEN
or or 8888 x10
T1261 1029 C2 ps
1 patil ves BAS22 x 10° CA
5 ys the emit factor and it vale s
De hag
Lema
=n
Suing ees omc Z. nad fe pet, = mor
he hve atin show hal laestaeatie vale orgy 13121 ma Gg
tna
21 Shee cc andes,
‘Stationary state of an electron in an ston, 7 ag
From tvs isa dear r
‘ot aceon fo at
Re nee. = 2281 |
Tis ued negative value inet tht he
Senta
ct cet
ton eneezy (which sequal Yo the energy difference oe
vic emanating emia
aac eta agces
Fora taston from ground state ay» I) tthe fit exited vce ta a"
fyteteannte sare.
ene eee
eee ee rn es ty
sates. When eee aldo
‘sue prove a cc
“The dtr (AE) nec
(09 1 ae cao nb of eons ha hl a
‘Pe maxim minber of eeewesin Eahelee ed ee
‘Tes maximum aber of eee in Ms n= 9
‘Toe main mube of eet in Nate oy 2
"his gan unter does
‘oily aeons
‘Te tae of Fae open
ween th a re
no ub dep 7
alco Forgiven vale of, chav alas rm
sl gama meni
no ga
Sty xpi
foe «9 ate 201.2
— ora gien va on erie te er of bls is
of casei erbi
sop SN ee Cohn wrt mosaicism std
ee em fb ee
i ere Yt ee bic ih dg
‘a :
Face eat 9 4 ees
eign suite oP
at tn ty ihn
Pet race sscas wish ee. Da
‘ =I (22) 3) zh
tenn i the bel is spherically symmet
2a elt ira
eens euler hon
sat i tas ve more complex She ne
ey he stoie spect fhe al metas. In ee sea St
este me
or same we 0)
ian se we che alr faloey Se
‘oes 2 wt forceps sss the it shel f=) kaon a el
we uate ean sche |Oaem
pee
Tnastete nate |
aan
taste
1 2)
|G
Lil sree!
3
2 eos enn comin mm ow EST
Bia ema of an etn an er me = 2
Seb shel + * 0 oe
"Number of electrons in 3
essere pe
a oDERN COLLEGE CHEMISTRY
he ape flat lol a,
Psa sian, Tsutsui descbes sae at
eect
ot ec ats Se
erm) id Ln on ee
weno 20 Wt Pil eo
seen gry sigoma mle eb
Se leet rac rend
ea ederim ores
Seer yom aren) oro
aon tan orm el con bs aj ee in
cartes me et ho
coerce dicen
ence ae fest msm =2
Saye eatan sceurmr
eee ee
eetsepe yt rae aetna
pn pi
tn tuages oth ert a nt Tt tf
CREA SRR Saat aa at
Gy When =3, 205.2 Forte 2 (she,
See
Mian ata
ene reurae?
‘ramp, maxim mamber of oils in as
Game
naaranigicg, Mr
eee ea ee
ata KLM) show ag 13
Pant er
oct, Be Ste me
‘pling of ssi ics namgaee ra
‘Spi Quai Nombe Deere
speck caer cenit [attr cree
street pacotrnt een Theta
1.08 an Ty dt
S2,0. 4142 a8 Thre
te
a 136, number of subst sid
(Chine fom de vagina
fal spin tse
jronte STRUCTURE = —
el ogee Te beam ws fun ho vo sph i137 bal estos we
one Seton ah tin he pose dc Th xs ta alf ese e
the mvc ing nn ee ral nr opt ts To pn ib
eld 18) Th nln ny mag Acton ee ko
ecw Ths sean baetwo poe aa + Te ae dent pone eon
pn As 4 whe DERE ae pst in ae ta he pone (11)
see
‘Tees ig st in shal sete en ta a.
SOSaenestonensoclecn se deter sin acolyte ht oe
‘Mops tse mata of oe spin ec he gation oe
Teal th one pardons scalp give to mages i
‘esting fabs ms nr em nS Grhespinen el seo
TIRE Sint we gp sch ate der of pn fh amputee, ng
‘Phys sngieence, This gon mmr dicts the spn of the eee unis
‘Spin angular Momentum of Spinning Electron
"Si ie ia un isc i 9 ining es ae pla aie
iar mentum (3) i quae ad
momo Lk ial ng met of ele. ei =
‘romain gen
3. b
ee tale go 12 oan etn
mm 3- SAB F
aria om eiearon sain station
‘slong external magnetic fa hl
sod & are intr rdsted chars win
the other three quantum ml
latina at tina
hana eels. “|
find hat fr quasi manos don
(nh abbey een of
{he complete addres af a tetas
alm) ad deco on
"he peed aes a
inbere: Otani
in
o
PAULI'S EXCLUSION PRINCIPLE
Woleang Pol (1925) stated wom pcr of ements ad dover he pe cal Pats
eclasion pep. Aconding hs prinple, No ose nth oleh nos hae ae
Jour quantum nner ae
For ay two electrons the vals of tice
for ist eit Kabel n= 1), we have
atu pubes fm maybe he ame Fore |
ocone een) |
(esc ct)
[pTORIC STRUCTURE =a
reece ae
nn rbennnnueernrane
ocelot cmon
tester + ar} woauteresonpinenebet
cane paiarinemn
core gamnrnen raceme
Del Eirktinemgchc yah
a copy fam me ia
wa ep ee (MODERN COLLEGE CHEMISTRY,
emp uti cies 90 ong ag Ge STRUCTURE
| sini [ teem a
Se el ELECTRONIC CONFIGURATION OF ELEMENTS
le | 7 5 ign lie te
eet Tiantaeie, [festemnnins estore raea tna (Pats tn pe
: 7 {Gil Hand's rale of maximum mudiplicit. (iv) Stable configuration
Jerse |idwomt |.m=-toxmw +i i pe Gea afbes was ng
sfowe_ (Etutec en eran a eater netetinnerde firme”
en (RANE ison [it Seats iow eon cea
fers Siar Ta ee
peer et te oso al ite at ie.
+4. | Why needed”) Fore smn joc | “4e-sub-shell is filled fist than 3d
rs eee |Recye ote: ha anata siete
Siena | Syne nu ht in 3 eel be me
claro, [eercumcltineni [etacmes) —htankdonieeraegegeenbmn fartcmnuateny
7 Haiti’ |meninssilven [prem ns nset| otieckcame | aS CE YY sled fist tan
ht < esi ee ateh esteem
tee fenticonan (sustines | Sirearammatcncisasene
Set [A Raatrocenin [indents "The value of m (= 3) is less for 3p-subshell as compared ton
mona eons
ipa soe ey el
a fot mst
ina "Calculation of energy of various subshells The sbove rules
2 ee ase eal
myrecinctai rica earns
oo ee pc arcuresy ote
eager
‘reac dapat a
Limitations of autbau Principle
‘ie
a eo ser Ca coi
a rpg eateries ner atumerme tae |__
trite [tat tia [ene [anni ]| ee een tne ms a a ea
[Map easy Stcisee Tar faethe sea
Pipe iain a rete re
Lyayoe : 7 ! 1 sich detente stay of electronic configuration. I shou! be emer iat dug tn
hla yt 2 TESS ciate inert
4 4 3, ine a stl wh sale ot nate
“fle fafos [al 2) | 0] SEEEEERESESS os etemenemnneres
Tete =? i nm 28 or tt i tito 7 = 2179
Meilink Wiatre|ael » 7 gost ein detente Sot
2] feted 3 i Se agus i iM AF
7 = ® 2 and wt 3 a oan ezrin 6 sales
sa) " ond erent pve voy ne wnt ye ne
| DR Etc retee ODER COLLEGE CHEMISTRY oy,
Y
seach ekp 59 sf Ont oer un ie, Ce eosin
ela LS 6 oe ge = yh 80? SP
BE Sala yan ga oF Sa,
Hes ame is
Nei cp be ear cem confit of chm (Te) shy
5 mS Peale dT aw nt pfs ofl ay
See ett eae awn of On eo ha
Seep a Sets moors ae fs aio come et
‘Sedtecant conga of,
gern as act mer ten coin pals Pk be
sod SAP al ete Tir ny eesti ch he experince le
‘Segue bro mae! eo
Electronic Energy Levels
Scr femal tenes vet) PEO
sore tiFaapatoas | E|
The als age wel wif he vas fandexperinently 7
Saree: esc
Seem Eel open oem 1
‘tera Al etal wa a inl gmt nr of sl hve ane
Serato ana eve eb nap ee ea ca
ne ene ce tna poe eS wie etn
Seen i a ect he
Sphere Alas ence
ial guts Wo nthe thease
cc trv ses pe aly et
=
she peel cay. Tn rye ae
Seesihe en creamy bree
se ri iE The
(Ts wi i
‘osm ep trate fe
rae RUCURE o
ba ia er i es na ae
pe PISTPSR te ten ea oe
reheat as stats ins en a
Genco at as Stn pce get a
aman oye dagen ipso an ten ttt aon soa
Te aaa Tae ow Sarma Trelis cea
Tey geek ste encate | Gypeeevawctpecraets
| ace cc Sheena eae
2. oeatarpeinagheerg ie
|| a, Ross retin en xy eve
AiSSincengy team tere eal ne | Sve ilerr emp ow he sang
Neseininelbagerondseooeacpte | eet fer eon
“a Pas Esclon Pile Ge prs ab
{iy tons oe a vi itera reno ren ing es ae
nse ne anf ts eh oily led wi icons nig poe =
Toros af ats alin ues le, cose elton sean
exten Cae sm nt 3 Te om
mot tyr gost
o o io
| spots ae een caged i ep ch ate Ota eso es lt
Sng ih pny Tha teste a ax mum epson scores
iD eps tec abt of se nr oP Be 2h aes lc aes ch
tg filed
ay Wepre raf same en a a ores ha al fll helo hl he
ut se sae he rss ism 8
tenant Tse we apn te map ete ef
Anpartance wash he eens canon of
sepia en oan
“The cue of sbi of
svn
sing te cons of eet sity fa and
fay he tn een ene a ene Tr
Eble argent fens now bas
”
omnes
ad fly ied ota sree SAA Ce
tse eae Big emg
{Symmetries
“srs ct she hs mtn stoma arr
(0 sub! ant i ig aealy
seg
sea sme ee ya
(Wo porate ded in pp aay
sel ml he a age jo
(Wi) terials son ge acon hal i a
Wid cand dents esymneal ts he
BE Fat a once
eri S al a ys a asm a tig
‘hse re tan ae
anergy patna eis eg
‘es wth Keune a eats wa ae a a
‘vlc Ostet eens hl opi fete rtentceney
Calculation of number of exchange pairs
(0 Nee he mer fees (9) th pl ns (1. The
tes et
Sat
mst
‘ha
ne mmr sg al
4) Note the numer of eects ay wi soa spi (3),
steer natincnr: stem preg eed
RS
sete nee hr eae
sec dna ps re ein ee ei mp eet
TL ie bresmnineat meer has pny te seen
sr cA yn ne aoe
‘For example, the decreasing onder of stlity of given syst having san tel of exchange ene)
Somat eagy, ak Monte STRUCTURE
ronal ey, AKT ry ao rn a ee
et a Fe ne st > FR eam, co (Ct wth emt
eee eae ee ec
- ————s
Baa ESS
on caine ala Tatty (4 a 1
2
SSNS)
sxaxoxaet
aH
Sint any
oe cy = ui of cg 93
[EAPLE 3th se el of xn
1B, game ec ih safe es Ua ese ME we aE
SOLUTION. We now fs tn gach sale one epee aN fe
“ot ern pn eh el Se
Spoon keane aendee eaeaey teases es
Siemon
was 60203 Tee SEO Sh
ee eae —_ re ana On
EXTRA STABILITY OF HALF AND FULLY FILLED oRerTayg
elon arom = 2) sn ction yA 34 ve ay
an half il. Th eement doesnot ae expected configuration Ae) 242 Sina. an
ts an cin! wee a i a ily ana le 2
tenes doesnot expected eosin (yA) 3? 4. Thins that hal an flee
eg
sry mi ten Sag tee ee ee
‘between electron configuration and electronic arrangement, ~
Coesidera gaseous V* orion having outer electronic configuration, 32 Temes that
SERN sein at of ine 3b. Bit ne ont ow i whch eri ee
‘cet etwas emma
From the knowledge of permutations and cS a
waitin, we fin 5m tex | [F[ tT Tt
less in fie Seis So, we ay at he
‘electron configuration 3d* can have 45 different a o
arrangements. A few of these arrangements cI
aeaowniafy 1
Suppose that these two electrons of tt it
‘Adsub-shell have the following arrangements # o
0 64,¥ G9) (i Gale Cay
Th saps of 3d, aa. and 34 ae
fete. So, he mt repulsion of thew eens wil be dierent inthe above mo arageaan rl
‘eth aoe vo cto ranges nade dle ems Incase
Ince pions may beth sane and nay hve sane eney. Suchen oe cll
eget rgenet. Ts we cn ut
“A sven electronic configuration wuld havea large number of dierent ecto
arrangements nd hence dierent ener ncn here ner let eplns s sa
the arrangement would be degenerate arangeneat?
An etic angen having le ene wil be mot sale eet gem
sie less cof. Tes sal cto aanpnel cn be pee by He
‘acini
uns aes ass nd iy. Aon Pat's eclion rice, an ice
tatu of olen nd tes occ mse ost si Spon ee nt
esas, samen, urn ab, esas sy iets bent ange
thse woud ave dite and males On tte di ects ve one
‘ery be sane eile, ese cn ve sane ves, me
Sarpse wo tos ith opie spire ple inn bedrest bi bin st
‘ae ey) of sabe In his cas he eta eas wl fe peer bn Wen ee 3
coin spat cis Sa, noo ae mnie, te ec in deena oi
‘else sil itis anes of ccs sree anh nun of een eta Ts
feline ons of ell bul an hen tie one offers ae fel in 3
Sli peter ane Heer
“This pnopledesobee a To
(eb and ge
Fig. 144, Diferent arrangements of
Selecta
"wo clears = abel can Fave a he our guaran meet
sae SHURE i
se mast il sca urge
jatatin which the namber of unpaired electrons | a e
SSheoe esac | par
Bestia tp ew ete
(o) Te argement ‘is es sable hcase of it at of Hanis ne exhiod ove
(jn eer to kow which anangenent uo a cise sable, we mak eo exchange
ergy ae
‘Advanced mates aan Stow tat fo lon wih poll ipinechge ti
posi ace wot udeging change ar eri agente er ele
ere ie
Sch parc cs i el pisces: Gee sink pee
peer he does in ne. ner decree pr xanga soe sean 7.
nt argent the lets ave all iS, onl wilxctnge psn
hte eee. Ts. tt ioe exchange ui of feos, nth arangenet uh be eas
tae epost spi. Sore so exchange feet. Aare tt woul ese ey
feeray ith eaten) a frm of exchange eg in agent But os ef ey i
agent
(0 Conse pear. Tose hee [OP
less in pss ean be araaged in 20 ws |
tetony ie way ae sown in i 16 mit) [tier] elt
(g) The arangenen (is as sable ees | fr a
fit ut a Huns expe shove. —
(bn oro Snow which mage ot of
eee
sl amar oes ra cece ce
temo tae
paramere ee ee aaron ate
ce et rear
eee
Ser Sacer sati ne
sarge rae See ete
ase Seema
ee armani tte
wed gee eee ieee
wee screens iain cat
(Peiring energy (P) is positive. ‘shyt ais igh ry and ese a Ts Oe
Se eee = ary
ee Sac
“ee aes pa
Tecan mgm fen adi gt
See eet mame n>
a ff cieentn omen sot,
Ce ee inte eae cnsone
somal tama
Sateen seen
Sen
fa ene tal
penesemorabe te tannins
Ditaaoeetone ces eens
Began eae aaah Te det omer
omereeanets
[Sete es ;
Fy ooo emma (rnin cae
Z Number of exchange pairs are O (oe
Piece finer
teh 3.3 tarda
Rhee ganesh
lined cnn imme
tying eee s
PS eri
etd Kaw he munber of
‘cng nin an coin son fg, A ing ao
fine
ets a cea aay
Fa 1a.
he hy mt cn
Ss Salmeamnenae yet cd
Sees via bape
9 om tei aetatiaclcnie conga =
See Pt Gate Ts
een cert t
nk ei Tas Ca
Es cant "Segara, ee
ese Nabhan wth ol
one ETRE
‘ee arrienun [sf
eagle nF) aT
lees is moe than the number of degenerate
Ere beatae ae eer reee
ive bes of ne aangee ae! he
irae
cra co ig weep 3
oe oft poe 3 121.352 a eae ey
rune a om ag ee i= 1
ay Sune tc fan og =
sn em oS
Tnewmameh
uefa pon es 2: 1.32.3) nde oy
oyna can hs ewe is =
Sunt foc noe an ean oe
tin Senter test peor ec =
Gorm ¢
Gh Nonre esbig gen = 3
uefa pants, 212353 awe ay =
(iy Naor ease ars oepsing ae ial = 3.
ong oP Tahaan ge = 383832 3
eo dregs eos a en line Bee
te semnamon, Tas le sn above hac range anh ited he as
non sehi fan ated Tea eee Ge eT
TE co
rapist
{aug nhch st coe head eS
‘ie ammgee
19) Comer th fw i. 81 taig
escent sd a g MODERN COLLEGE CHEMISTRY
were ateme
see shove nt enrzy ge dc ti tpi to dvi the relive stability
Fre SE OeR Se icagars Wo oc ube Tn Bere ma Ben, fo
SER ay eh oa cate nen in geo
SSRI a aarti Coane H
‘Symmetrical distribution of charge
"em fe dacs epee nbs pnt won fit beer he
Sep etaisa docbontgemerndy eager, Supe of ob as
SEE die aroe or tapes te tks bod eescaly reonymnealy
a ese) Cone soa pene nape ine wether mri coy
coeds ern te cee creer or yee doce.
i Comer pense i bt, 9,0 pia yeti log, yt
Aectia ment, Kes feng ote eta is pst, eel osha
‘eon age nlbe mn centnoued ens esconcny Sy fp ep cot
‘eet cp sole may cred te sd Actin rapes. Gahan ak
\0 app craig. e en aye oad el comeardin ey Fe
(is aril pl ectguatin te er chy wo te many ener nt ll
wg cee. in has my ec tb 9 Pa
Tram tbe we ich to ew charg ttn wt wall repos
Slee don trae posatyeaon meted one —!
(na lp cots Oe dcr reece willbe egal aid
Pesnguon sown inher dnion a chaps Sa oe
e+P-00- DESO DEI —UO-5) Ey
‘ec Th
‘Syemetrial
Te smeral eran debate
acer rio of har a deo wold ely bcd
endian ee
el mfr tf een
ini oat
sk ae aia
ee ed 1 deren enery adhe
en Styne can cg en
ae) ld le dg
(8s -0) i) conieatin
on wl be ual in all ection, i a ar)
is Se cnn vf ta
Kase wos be Iss sable an these. Hence, a
nid a
“Btu arrangement i
Stable fa compan ooh
onto ener ~ Coatiguratons
vig hn-deeerstea,
od pte eof nia
Gime nce tes tage emg ea
Tap ey
rrmin rk
Epos fang
Camis me tn
Joni tig me a
sata
rome STRUCTURE a]
(oieargen WW nse est es
seo SSE meme Cy een ehh
a wellocwoe ur ancay uaa toerats ae
Seb cane slice bat canner rea ee oan ae a
rerosuien beh oar hn al en tegen Ee eee
eof suns ural daca sb echngr ey Siecle ee
Tsop satrap Fema keep
kee heen ante ofp pan wine mamas eangepan abet a al
Ses He nro omc nga
bes From above discussion we cowelude that
“nut sub of ce range in der a wl ander hs
sapandanhcnbied lt ot ean ee pag ea in of cee
eats
Tes wag te toe compo Ste he mot le se mgm of be pees
1 Blecronie arrangement in ~
TTF
cromiom atom (Cr Consiger the
ffonng os cave claweie aanzemens
Gicraom vies 42 and te 3 [_—
Ig 1580) and ()). Th eotgeaon »
Uschi romniagenecln ror =
Ceietial
‘She the energy ference Wren rad 3 ivy al (AE = Py Huns eo
nan nity sold ep oS ate suai of amangen a
(0 The ene of amangemen.(o)=-108 +P
(iy Te energy of amangeret, (0) =—1SE6 AE*=ISEP (2 AE =P
Se arangemen (5) hs lower eegy thn anagem
2 Hictune arrangement in orp [5
tee roa agen cose, INAH) C+) IRINA
rationale staan |
Renigotinbisdnanypete = ™
Sear naatesve ras
Sine the energy ference eee oy
‘tan eas ery smal AE =P Hes sae au ity oul to mine
ne sso rans (o 23
(OTe of mange a) = = 28+ SP
(The erry of ranger (8)=—28E = P+ AE
aoEs oP oaren)
See arene ihr ny an shee sale sy) ee
"un ince ego tela igen ares
(in srangenon ye eleonecige tec yanerilia seats
inne MODERN COLLEGE CHEMISTRY Sey
= trp Saban syne it roel as nq
a ereprmet h Se Seve
SSSA S SESE Sec rinmncersen oft amg 8
SSE RSS Tae cew eine ese =
“avon STRUCTURE
seoigsenfguation of ements ih som ume a 8 ae ghee Tae Lhe
reds
gach spon conga pen tL
“abe 1 Eleevorie Configuration c ements
— onc Seow
Example = Rime
SSS meee +
DALE Gee Se SE T(z 7
eonie ie Seleaet > | “
Seoneiacen ang i fe a
Shanice reaeee amen ids &
SSScheoe [8 e
SOLUTION.) Caenon s/s &
Sacre earn se =
<-NE (910-0--KEvinEsmameeieeems a = ©
Beta pie ge a | Me '
SETI Sr Re ev tin ig pit don with psi z %
oe oF aoe oF an &
wen Ps cae ot poem ee =
Ue Gao rl ner (AE ian o
ona eae (ae } jn |e 7
oe we oa wre |e |* e
Se cinta neote be dtten sengmens aeastiiens: | | | & fe
GeO Te oeeeseae Wenecese wenecizan | |X |S cS
Pewee Oa sedemmandcsnmina sein yeainey |B | T =
cette iene Stvaceyemcnmageertnseaieitaege [8 | ¥ &
Sohgeanersremctstyefvewe nemgeataenepene, |X |S ®
Seep mason elatiaanapmcroiiaceny suieeema, |= | *
sae x |
‘aamnccue (el i
METHOD TO WRITE ELECTRONIC CONFIGURATION » |S 7
= (a 2
lig pnt i ee ees cain ef ces ws la m
(oNae nme of den oe emetic wet, | 1 | SH ™
mere en a |S ¢
cag een att wins inteineag ntccacceenie || Se x
‘erin Sees 7
ti elt he mano ces We elerors *
(otcofamear cna esinm 26 mt Uekamenecint | a |e | SS cs
eae ena nk fe Sayaka Jae &
Batam cea vente tercsmngwae armen (| [nase
ee Sa ag on ein of MODERN COLLEGE CHeMsryy
eae | See | Aaa | Bet pomeorueing =
a | on l-atateatge| too = Seen Celution of tenn pec oy aes pe have bre ote
S ) 8 lestee | Mo J esr nob Ba tet Caen Te cen ante rpc on Be
Sr s \tyatete| mel te sect erg uit a isk wae Seen
e) a [fueog) is | 2 ee er eer th ow as a
s |S \aSes| me |e me ue ral ly ed ie a mote de
S| [eee] ie] Sorat gh cans oe
a [a |e mw) os GLECTRONIC CONFIGURATION OF IONS
m [oR \ete ‘| i Scan wots et tn atten Sg a ee
a | RS. ee ESAS LENS elton Seo een neon
a | oo | pee WW De Wictgoe2 =m.
a |e [hen & oy dea felon ce nt et
wf [te ce (SR, | Ate STi tomar cova a mer fan sverige ee
|] [ee Ta fecha) se eam te nha uc cmcestcnam nt we
S| ae fen. MS fica) SET Rane cnn sb wren oe cos
2 |= [es fie icra] ee me ae rn ee
ge [aes (tray Sear alt nay nS et een mr.
ef nre [trom Sey lw Rares Toes fear ine
Oe__]eeone steer ‘tity For unions. proceed a in the ease of neural sons and disbute the electrons io orbitals
satan al ae Te
Ea TRI 47 at ok " T 7 i eee | teas | marae
ose i" ie Peeps | 7 sete | wie
Fs fea |e meee |e | fom we | |= lem eee
= pert aa thes Se | ose | tte | we [= | = pee
* tape S| eee | AE | ne | [anes | tatithe
Meal $2 wh 70 wt
thar a 2 SS ee SSS ~~
—
— Py teh QUESTIONS
1 SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
“Let te pontultes of Bohr’ Moric Mode
3 Mate te icveerts of Bohs atomic rode.
2 are ne rations af Bo’s stoic theory |
She» beet desertion of quartsation of enero |
tae oe eeount of Atomic speceum of hydrogen, write the forms
ie 9 acouet Se oa spectral tines the Hyman series.
6 NT psa equa. How wil you experimentally very the parle ang
ve nature of econ
IWote tn gots of aference between Eecromagnetic waves snd the may,
Define Heisenberg's Pincple and wete ts experimental verification. Wee y
Snfeanes of Hoseabers Piel
te Sceadnger wave eguatan and wets the significance of y and y2
ato you scars y Rad and Anglr wave fonctions 7 Give a
‘Ge 2 Ore account oF Rad probedity satrbtlon curves
sae rif what You snow Sooue Angular wave fonction
lune ou atm numbers. Whats the egnfcance of Artal quantum nu
We te speancn ef Knut and Magnetic euaum numb
Dusorbe Auhav's Pcp, What 0 the lations of thi >
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