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    Isotope Atomic-Mass

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    Metro Man
    The document discusses atomic mass and isotopes. It contains information about three models in a simulation: 1) The "Make Isotopes" model shows that mass number is determined by protons and neutrons and is always a whole number. Carbon-12 has a mass number and atomic mass equal to 12 amu. 2) The "Mix Isotopes" model demonstrates that average atomic mass depends on isotope masses and quantities. Beryllium and fluorine each have one isotope. 3) The "Nature's Mix of Isotopes" model displays natural isotope percentages that can be used to calculate average atomic masses, as shown for hydrogen, silicon, nitrogen, and argon. Exercises

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    Isotope Atomic-Mass

    Uploaded by

    Metro Man
    48 views7 pages
    The document discusses atomic mass and isotopes. It contains information about three models in a simulation: 1) The "Make Isotopes" model shows that mass number is determined by protons and neutrons and is always a whole number. Carbon-12 has a mass number and atomic mass equal to 12 amu. 2) The "Mix Isotopes" model demonstrates that average atomic mass depends on isotope masses and quantities. Beryllium and fluorine each have one isotope. 3) The "Nature's Mix of Isotopes" model displays natural isotope percentages that can be used to calculate average atomic masses, as shown for hydrogen, silicon, nitrogen, and argon. Exercises

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    Isotope_Atomic-Mass_

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    The document discusses atomic mass and isotopes. It contains information about three models in a simulation: 1) The "Make Isotopes" model shows that mass number is determined by protons and neutrons and is always a whole number. Carbon-12 has a mass number and atomic mass equal to 12 amu. 2) The "Mix Isotopes" model demonstrates that average atomic mass depends on isotope masses and quantities. Beryllium and fluorine each have one isotope. 3) The "Nature's Mix of Isotopes" model displays natural isotope percentages that can be used to calculate average atomic masses, as shown for hydrogen, silicon, nitrogen, and argon. Exercises

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    48 views7 pages

    Isotope Atomic-Mass

    Uploaded by

    Metro Man
    The document discusses atomic mass and isotopes. It contains information about three models in a simulation: 1) The "Make Isotopes" model shows that mass number is determined by protons and neutrons and is always a whole number. Carbon-12 has a mass number and atomic mass equal to 12 amu. 2) The "Mix Isotopes" model demonstrates that average atomic mass depends on isotope masses and quantities. Beryllium and fluorine each have one isotope. 3) The "Nature's Mix of Isotopes" model displays natural isotope percentages that can be used to calculate average atomic masses, as shown for hydrogen, silicon, nitrogen, and argon. Exercises

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    of 7

    AAISOTOPES AND ATOMIC MASS

    MODEL 1: Make Isotopes

    Open the Isotopes and Atomic Mass simulation


    http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/isotopes-and-atomic-mass

    Play with the “Make Isotopes” tab of the simulation for a few minutes and then answer the
    following questions.

    1. What particles determine the mass number?

    2. Why is mass number always a whole number?

    3. One isotope of carbon (C) has exactly the same mass number and atomic mass since it was
    used as the definition of the atomic mass unit (amu). Which isotope is it and what is its
    atomic mass?

    4. What is the approximate mass of one proton? __________amu

    5. What is the approximate mass of one neutron? __________amu

    6. Look at 3 or 4 other atoms using the simulation. Do any of them have a whole number for
    atomic mass?

    ISOTOPES AND ATMOIC MASS 1


    MODEL 2: Mix Isotopes

    Play with the “Mix Isotopes” tab for a few minutes, then answer the following questions.

    1. What are the factors that affect the average atomic mass of a mixture of isotopes?

    2. Beryllium (Be) and Fluorine (F) have only one stable isotope. Use the sim and the periodic
    table to complete the following table:

    Average mass of 2 Average mass of 3 Atomic mass


    Element Mass of 1 atom
    atoms (sim) atoms (sim) (periodic table)

    Beryllium 9.01218 amu


    (Be)

    Fluorine 18.99840 amu


    (F)

    3. Why are all the values in each row of the table above the same?

    ISOTOPES AND ATOMIC MASS 2


    4. Lithium has only two stable isotopes. Use the sim to determine the following:

    a. Atomic mass of lithium-6 = __________________amu

    b. Atomic mass of lithium-7 = __________________amu

    c. Average atomic mass of a sample containing three lithium-6 atoms and two lithium-7
    atoms. ______________amu

    d. Is the average atomic mass you just determined closer to the mass of lithium-6 or
    lithium-7? Explain

    5. Describe a method to calculate the average atomic mass of the sample in the previous
    question using only the atomic masses of lithium-6 and lithium-7 without using the
    simulation.

    6. Test your method by creating a few sample mixtures of isotopes with the sim and see if your
    method correctly predicts the average atomic mass of that sample from only the atomic
    masses of the isotopes and the quantity of each isotope. Use the table below to track your
    progress.

    Average atomic mass


    Atomic mass and quantity Average atomic mass of
    Element of sample
    of each isotope sample (from simulation)
    (calculate yourself)

    ISOTOPES AND ATOMIC MASS 3


    MODEL 3: Nature’s mix of isotopes

    1. Using the sim, examine “Nature’s mix of isotopes” for several different elements. If you
    assumed 100 total atoms in a sample, how could you relate the % values shown in the sim
    into a number you could use for your calculation of average atomic mass?

    2. Calculate the atomic mass of each of the following elements using your method from above.
    Test your answer using the Nature’s mix of isotopes and the periodic table. Keep going until
    you can get two in a row right.

    Check answer
    Isotope 1 Isotope 2 Isotope 3
    with sim

    Calculated
    Mass Mass Mass average
    Element %age %age %age atomic mass Yes No
    (amu) (amu) (amu)
    (amu)

    ISOTOPES AND ATOMIC MASS 4


    Hydrogen 1.007 99.98 2.01410 0.011 - -

    Silicon 27.97 92.22 28.9764 4.685 29.97377 3.092

    Nitrogen 14.00 99.63 15.0001 0.364 - -

    Argon 35.96 0.336 37.9627 0.063 39.96238 99.60

    Calculations / Rough work:

    ISOTOPES AND ATOMIC MASS 5


    EXERCISES
    1. Titanium has five common isotopes:
    46
    Ti (8.00%), mass= 45.953 amu
    47
    Ti (7.80%), mass= 46.952 amu
    48
    Ti (73.40%), mass= 47.947 amu
    49
    Ti (5.50%), mass= 48.948 amu
    50
    Ti (5.30%), mass = 49.945 amu

    Calculate the average atomic mass of titanium.

    2. The atomic mass of boron is 10.81 amu. Boron has two isotopes: Boron-10 has a mass of
    10.01 amu. Boron-11 has a mass of 11.01 amu. What is the %age of each isotope in boron?
    (check your answer with the simulation)

    ISOTOPES AND ATOMIC MASS 6


    3. A certain sample of rubidium has just two isotopes, 85Rb (mass = 84.911amu) and
    87
    Rb (mass = 86.909amu). The atomic mass of this sample is 86.231 amu. What are the
    percentages of the isotopes in this sample?

    ISOTOPES AND ATOMIC MASS 7

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